Farm Safety Code of Practice
www.hsa.ie
RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT
For Farms with Three or Less Employees
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
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Published in 2017 by the Health and Safety Authority, Metropolitan Buildings, James Joyce Street, Dublin 1
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Our Vision
>
Healthy, safe and
productive lives
and enterprises
Emergency Telephone Numbers
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Risk Assessment Document
for
Farms with Three or Less Employees
NAME:
ADDRESS:
FARM ENTERPRISES:
HERD NUMBER:
Completing and implementing the findings of this Farm Safety Risk Assessment document will
help you to meet your duties to carry out a risk assessment on your farm and to complete a
Safety Statement under the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act, 2005.
2
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Code of Practice– Risk Assessment
This is my programme in writing for managing health and safety. It is aimed at protecting
myself and others who live on, work on, or visit the farm from accidents, injury and
ill-health.
I undertake to,
>
Provide a safe place of work.
>
Use safe systems of work.
>
Provide all machine guards, protective equipment, information, training, and supervision
necessary to protect those at risk.
>
Advise all who work or are present on the farm of the hazards identified in this risk
assessment and the controls in place or to be taken to protect all from injury.
>
Stop work immediately, until the hazard is controlled if a dangerous situation arises.
>
Share this risk assessment document with any contractors working on my farm.
>
Review health and safety on my farm and this document on a regular basis and at
least annually.
Signed:
Date:
This document should be revised at least annually or whenever there has been a significant change
in the facilities or work practices on the farm.
REVISED;
Signed Date
Signed Date
Signed Date
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
3
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Tractors, Farm Vehicles and Quads
Tractor, Vehicle and Quad Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
The Cab/Roll bar is in good condition.
The U guard is in place to cover the PTO stub.
All controls are in working order and are clearly marked/ understood.
The brakes are in good working order and adequate for the work
undertaken.
The handbrake/parking brake is fully operational.
The mirrors, lights, indicators and wipers are all functioning, clean
and visible.
All hitching equipment is free of defects.
All visible defects in the vehicle are identifi ed and rectifi ed before
starting work. (List defects on control sheet)
Safety Practices
Pre-checks are carried out on tractors and vehicles before use.
Regular maintenance will be carried out on all tractors and vehicles.
The tractor/ farm vehicle is only operated by drivers who are trained
and competent.
Where the operator handbook is available it will be consulted.
Lifting equipment (material) is examined annually.
Lifting equipment (lifting people) is examined 6 monthly.
The vehicle is always started and operated from the correct position.
Passengers are only carried where the manufacturer has provided a
seat and seat belt for this purpose.
A helmet is worn by the operator when a quad bike is being driven.
When starting and operating any vehicle, the driver looks out for
bystanders.
The speed of all vehicles will be suitable for the ground or road
conditions.
When a vehicle is stopped, the SAFE STOP procedure is used.
The cab fl oor is kept clear to allow safe use of brakes & clutch.
Additional vehicle controls used.
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on
your Action List page 25.
Safety Practices
Additional vehicle controls used.
List all vehicles used on the farm
STEP 1.
Read the information about the hazard.
STEP 2.
Complete
this list
STEP 3.
Read the
Control
Measures.
STEP 4.
Check that
Safety
Control
Measures
are in place
for each
item listed.
Answer
✔,
✘ or N/A.
STEP 5.
List
additional
controls
that are in
place.
STEP 6.
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
How to Complete this Document
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
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✔
✔
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✔
n/a
Ford Zetor ATV
Loader Loader
n/a
✘
✘
4
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
The overall situation
>
Farming is one of the most dan-
gerous occupations in Ireland. Over
one third of all workplace fatalities in
Ireland occur in farming.
>
Children and the elderly are
particularly at risk. 47% of all farm
deaths involve over 65s and children.
>
Approximately 2,500 serious injuries
occur every year. Many are life
changing and place the farm at risk.
>
194 people have been killed on Irish
farms in the last 10 years.
>
The chart below gives the main
causes of farm fatalities since 2006.
FIGURE 1: MAJOR CAUSES OF FARM DEATHS (2006 - 2015)
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
TOTAL: 67
TOTAL: 57
TOTAL: 33
TOTAL: 26
Tractors:12,
18%
Livestock: 14,
21%
Falls from
Height: 9,
13%
Falling
Bales: 6,
9%
Drowning: 5,
7%
Timber related: 3,
5%
Other: 2,
3%
Machinery,
Quads,
PTOs: 16
24%
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Crushed: 38,
67%
Cows/
heifers: 13,
50%
Bulls: 7,
27%
Horses: 4,
15%
Other/Cattle,: 2,
8%
Struck: 7,
12%
Overturned: 8,
14%
Falls from
Vehicle: 4,
7%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Falls from
Height/
Roofs: 16,
49%
Falling Bales: 10,
30%
Collapse walls/
Gates: 4,
12%
Falling objects: 2,
6%
Slips/Trips: 1,
3%
!
!
Beware of
movement of
tractors and
machinery
Beware of crush
zones near
Machinery and
Livestock
Major Risks in Farming
✓
✓
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Take care with moving machinery parts
5
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Children and Young Persons
Since 2006, over 12% (24) of fatal farm accidents
involved children and young persons. Practically
all involved farm family members. The major
causes of childhood deaths on farms are tractors
and machinery (75%), falls or collapses (17%) and
drowning (8%).
Farms are a high risk environment for children,
young persons and for visiting children. There
is therefore a major responsibility on the farmer
to ensure that the risks posed to children on the
farm are assessed and controls are put in place.
FIGURE 2: CHILDHOOD DEATHS
(2006 - 2015)
Tractors: 8,
33%
TOTAL: 24
TOTAL: 37
Machinery,
Trailers,
Equipment: 10,
42%
Drowning: 2,
8%
Falls, collapses: 4,
17%
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Crushed by
machinery
part: 14,
38%
Struck by
part of
m/c: 13
35%
PTO
Entanglement: 4
11%
Fall from m/c
mechanism: 4,
11%
Fall from m/c: 2,
5%
! !
Keep children
away from water
& heights
✓ ✓
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Keep children
away from tractors
& machinery
Supervise children Safe play area
Keep children away
Prevent climbing
6
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
FIGURE 3: DEATHS AMONG OLDER FARMERS
(2006 - 2015)
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
TOTAL: 67
TOTAL: 57
TOTAL: 33
TOTAL: 26
Tractors:12,
18%
Livestock: 14,
21%
Falls from
Height: 9,
13%
Falling
Bales: 6,
9%
Drowning: 5,
7%
Timber related: 3,
5%
Other: 2,
3%
Machinery,
Quads,
PTOs: 16
24%
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Crushed: 38,
67%
Cows/
heifers: 13,
50%
Bulls: 7,
27%
Horses: 4,
15%
Other/Cattle,: 2,
8%
Struck: 7,
12%
Overturned: 8,
14%
Falls from
Vehicle: 4,
7%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Falls from
Height/
Roofs: 16,
49%
Falling Bales: 10,
30%
Collapse walls/
Gates: 4,
12%
Falling objects: 2,
6%
Slips/Trips: 1,
3%
!
!
Consider your speed of
movement
Discuss tasks and your
ability to handle them
safely
Watch out for the elderly
who may not hear you or
may be slow to move
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Older Farmers
Over the ten year period 2006-2015, 35%
of all deaths involved farmers aged 65 or
over. The majority of these deaths were
associated with tractor and machinery
usage, livestock and falling from heights.
The clear message is that older farmers
must take greater care and before doing
any work they must consider their age
related limitations.
Plan for safety Safety with machinery
Stay clear of livestock
7
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Children, Young persons and Older Farmer Safety Assessment
I will ensure that:
Children and Young Persons
A safe and secure play area for children is provided away from all work activities or children
are supervised directly.
The dangers to children on the farm are explained to all children and young persons.
A high level of adult supervision will be in place when children are present on the farm.
Children under 14 are not allowed operate tractors or self-propelled machines.
Only children and young persons over 14 will be allowed to drive a tractor or self-propelled
vehicle in line with legal requirements.
Children over 14 and young persons who drive tractors have attended safe tractor driving
skills training and are closely supervised when driving the tractor.
Children under 7 are not allowed to be carried on a tractor or self-propelled vehicle in line
with legal requirements.
Particular dangers to children on my farm are identifi ed and controlled for example, tractor
operation, slurry pits, falls.
Children over 7 are only carried if a seat with a lap-belt is provided.
Contractors are made aware of the possible presence of children and of these controls.
Older Farmers, Household Members
Physical ability, age related limitations and risks are identifi ed, particularly when working with
machinery, livestock and accessing heights.
The older farmer will consider his speed of movement and any other limitations before and
during work activity.
The older farmer considers if he/she is physically able to carry out the work at hand.
Measures are taken to minimize risks to all including risks to visitors on the farm.
List additional controls
Older Farmers, Household Members
Children and Young Persons
List additional controls
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Children, Young Persons and
Older Farmers
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
Answer
✔
✘
or N/A
8
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
FIGURE 4: DEATHS DUE TO VEHICLES (2006 - 2015)
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
TOTAL: 67
TOTAL: 57
TOTAL: 33
TOTAL: 26
Tractors:12,
18%
Livestock: 14,
21%
Falls from
Height: 9,
13%
Falling
Bales: 6,
9%
Drowning: 5,
7%
Timber related: 3,
5%
Other: 2,
3%
Machinery,
Quads,
PTOs: 16
24%
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Crushed: 38,
67%
Cows/
heifers: 13,
50%
Bulls: 7,
27%
Horses: 4,
15%
Other/Cattle,: 2,
8%
Struck: 7,
12%
Overturned: 8,
14%
Falls from
Vehicle: 4,
7%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Falls from
Height/
Roofs: 16,
49%
Falling Bales: 10,
30%
Collapse walls/
Gates: 4,
12%
Falling objects: 2,
6%
Slips/Trips: 1,
3%
!
!
Maintenance - particularly
brakes
Keep Guards in Place
Driver competence &
awareness
No seat - No passengers
Tractor and vehicle use is potentially
lethal. Tractors and farm vehicles
account for the highest proportion of
fatalities (29%) and serious incidents
each year. Of those, being crushed
(67%), overturning (14%), being struck
(12%), or falling from the vehicle (7%)
are the causes of most tractor/vehicle
incidents. Those at risk include persons
using the tractor and those who may
be in the area where the tractor is
operating. Poor operation of vehicles
particularly when reversing is another
main cause of fatalities.
Tractors, Farm Vehicles
and ATV’s
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Crush zone
Training and PPE
Check controls and brakes
9
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Tractor, Vehicle and Quad
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
The Cab/Roll bar is in good condition.
The U guard is in place to cover the PTO stub.
All controls are in working order and are clearly marked/
understood.
The brakes are in good working order and adequate for the work
undertaken.
The handbrake/parking brake is fully operational.
The mirrors, lights, indicators and wipers are all functioning,
clean and visible.
All hitching equipment is free of defects.
All visible defects in the vehicle are identifi ed and rectifi ed
before starting work. (List defects on control sheet)
Safety Practices
Pre-checks are carried out on tractors and vehicles before use.
Regular maintenance will be carried out on all tractors and
vehicles.
The tractor/ farm vehicle is only operated by drivers who are
trained and competent.
Where the operator handbook is available it will be consulted.
Lifting equipment (material) is examined annually.
Lifting equipment (lifting people) is examined 6 monthly.
The vehicle is always started and operated from the correct
position.
Passengers are only carried where the manufacturer has
provided a seat and seat belt for this purpose.
A helmet is worn by the operator when driving a quad bike.
When starting and operating any vehicle, the driver looks out for
bystanders.
The speed of all vehicles will be suitable for the ground or road
conditions.
When a vehicle is stopped, the SAFE STOP procedure is used.
The cab fl oor is kept clear to allow safe use of brakes & clutch.
Where farmyard is close to farmhouse, traffi c risks are assessed
and controlled.
Additional vehicle controls used
Safety Practices
Additional vehicle controls used
Tractors, Farm Vehicles and Quads
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
List all vehicles used on the farm
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
10
Tractors: 8,
33%
TOTAL: 24
TOTAL: 37
Machinery,
Trailers,
Equipment: 10,
42%
Drowning: 2,
8%
Falls, collapses: 4,
17%
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Crushed by
machinery
part: 14,
38%
Struck by
part of
m/c: 13
35%
PTO
Entanglement: 4
11%
Fall from m/c
mechanism: 4,
11%
Fall from m/c: 2,
5%
!
!
Check PTO guards
Switch off to repair
Consider stored energy
Operators awareness
Use solid props
Never get into trap zone
FIGURE 5: DEATHS DUE TO MACHINERY
(2006 - 2015)
Machinery is a signifi cant source
of fatalities and serious injuries in
agriculture. Since 2006, machinery
has accounted for 19% (37) of farm
fatalities. The primary causes of
these fatalities involving machinery
are crushing, being struck and
entanglement. Those at risk of injury
are persons operating the machinery
and those in the vicinity when
machinery is being operated.
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Machinery
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Don’t operate without guard
Keep guarding in place
Trap zone
Good guarding
Switch off then unblock
11
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Machinery
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
List all machinery used on the farm
Machinery
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
All safety guards/ devices are fi tted, undamaged and in good
working order.
The “O” guards are present on the machine end of the PTO drive.
The hydraulic systems and hoses are in good repair.
Pre-checks are carried out on machinery before use.
Regular maintenance is carried out.
Safety Practices
Machinery is only operated by competent operators.
All machinery is pre-checked with any safety defects identifi ed
and rectifi ed before use.
The operator hand book where available is read and understood.
Hydraulic equipment is supported with an adequate prop
during maintenance or repair for example, jack stands.
Machinery, PTO’s and moving parts are stopped before
attempting to carry out maintenance or free any blockage.
Passengers are not carried on machines unless designed to do so.
The controls for the safety of children and young person’s set out
on page 7 are applied to machinery.
Loads are stable and well secured.
All trailers comply with Road Safety Authority (RSA)
requirements.
Appropriate PPE and workwear is worn when operating
machinery for example, quad helmet when driving a quad.
Ground conditions on slopes are assessed prior to machine work
on steep ground.
Additional machinery controls used
12
Cyan 100%
Magenta 76%
Yellow 0
Black 27%
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
TOTAL: 67
TOTAL: 57
TOTAL: 33
TOTAL: 26
Tractors:12,
18%
Livestock: 14,
21%
Falls from
Height: 9,
13%
Falling
Bales: 6,
9%
Drowning: 5,
7%
Timber related: 3,
5%
Other: 2,
3%
Machinery,
Quads,
PTOs: 16
24%
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Crushed: 38,
67%
Cows/
heifers: 13,
50%
Bulls: 7,
27%
Horses: 4,
15%
Other/Cattle,: 2,
8%
Struck: 7,
12%
Overturned: 8,
14%
Falls from
Vehicle: 4,
7%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Falls from
Height/
Roofs: 16,
49%
Falling Bales: 10,
30%
Collapse walls/
Gates: 4,
12%
Falling objects: 2,
6%
Slips/Trips: 1,
3%
!
!
Good handling facilities
Adequate loading facilities
Use ring and chain or rope
Keep a barrier between you
and livestock
Use a calving gate
FIGURE 6: DEATHS DUE TO LIVESTOCK
(2006 - 2015)
Since 2006, 26 fatalities associated with
livestock have occurred. Of primary
concern are freshly calved cows and
stock bulls. The risks with these animals
include being crushed or gored when
animals are being moved, separated
or released. Those at risk are the farmer
and those who may gain access to
farm animals.
Livestock
12
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Any bull can attack
Good handling methods
Calving gateLoading safely
13
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
13
Livestock
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
List the types of livestock (bulls, cows, rams
etc.) on the farm
Livestock
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
Pens, fencing, crush(es) and skulling gates and other
handling facilities are adequate and allow safe animal
handling.
Gates can be securely closed.
Fencing is adequate to contain stock.
Facilities for loading and unloading of animals are
adequate.
A calving gate (which provides operator protection) is
used for calving cows.
A physical barrier is established when handling calves
with freshly calved cows.
A bull pen which prevents direct contact with the bull
is provided when the bull is housed.
When outdoors the bull has a chain/rope attached to
the ring.
A safe means of escape is available in the calving pen/bull
pen.
All visible defects in livestock facilities are rectifi ed.
(List defects on control sheet).
Safety Practices
Persons handling livestock, especially a bull, are
competent and fi t.
A vehicle is used when herding if a bull is running with
the herd.
Signs warning of the presence of a bull are displayed
beside public places.
Adequate assistance is in place when carrying out animal
handling operations.
Aggressive animals are culled without delay.
Suitable PPE and gloves are worn when handling animals.
List additional livestock controls identi ed
14
Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
!
!
Stay off roofs
Get competent roofers
Ventilate then agitate
Close Man-hole covers
FIGURE 7: DEATHS DUE TO FALLS AND COLLAPSES
(2006 - 2015)
Others: 4,
2%
Tractors, Farm
Vehicles: 57,
29%
Machinery: 37,
19%
TOTAL: 194
TOTAL: 67
TOTAL: 57
TOTAL: 33
TOTAL: 26
Tractors:12,
18%
Livestock: 14,
21%
Falls from
Height: 9,
13%
Falling
Bales: 6,
9%
Drowning: 5,
7%
Timber related: 3,
5%
Other: 2,
3%
Machinery,
Quads,
PTOs: 16
24%
Drowning/
Gas: 20,
10%
Livestock: 26,
14%
Falls from
Height: 20,
10%
Crushed: 38,
67%
Cows/
heifers: 13,
50%
Bulls: 7,
27%
Horses: 4,
15%
Other/Cattle,: 2,
8%
Struck: 7,
12%
Overturned: 8,
14%
Falls from
Vehicle: 4,
7%
Falling
Objects:
Collapses, 14,
7%
Timber
related: 13,
7%
Electrocution: 3,
2%
Falls from
Height/
Roofs: 16,
49%
Falling Bales: 10,
30%
Collapse walls/
Gates: 4,
12%
Falling objects: 2,
6%
Slips/Trips: 1,
3%
In the 10 year period 2006-2015,
some17% (34) of farm deaths were
due to falls from height or collapse of
farm buildings. Of particular concern
is falling through fragile roofs or from
ladders. Collapsing walls or earthen
drains also cause many deaths.
Drowning in slurry and water and gas
poisoning has caused 10% (20) of farm
deaths over the ten year period.
Farmyard and Buildings/
Work at Height
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Ladder ties and proper platform
Fence off water and slurry
Access height safely
Keep manholes covered
Working at height barriers
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
List Farmyards and Farm Buildings
Farmyard, Buildings
I will ensure that:
Farmyard and farm buildings are tidy and kept in good
repair.
All maintenance work is planned and only undertaken by
competent persons.
Loader buckets or similar are not used for work at height.
A Mobile Elevating Work Platform (MEWP) is considered
for all maintenance work at height.
If not using an MEWP, safe means of access to heights is
used for example, stairs, work platform, ladder secured
and footed)
If not using an MEWP, work on roofs is only undertaken
with proper roofi ng ladders/crawling boards.
Fragile roof signs are in place where appropriate.
Construction regulations are followed for buildings under
construction and other construction work on the farm.
Bales are securely stacked.
Suitable fi re safety equipment is available.
Swinging doors can be secured.
Exits onto public roads are safe.
All visible defects in the farmyard and buildings are
rectifi ed. (List defects on control sheet)
List additional farmyard and buildings controls identi ed
Farmyard and Buildings/
Work at Height
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Slurry Handling
I will ensure that:
Open slurry/water tanks are fenced to a height of 1.8 meters and secured (including gates)
to prevent access.
Access (agitation) points to slatted tanks are kept secured.
Slurry agitation/spreading is planned taking account of weather forecasts choosing a windy
day if possible.
Livestock are removed from sheds and pets are controlled before slurry agitation starts.
All doors and sheeted gates are opened to maximize ventilation.
During slurry agitation buildings and high risk areas are cordoned off to prevent access.
Persons will stay away from agitation area for 30 mins after commencement.
During slurry agitation and spreading agitation points are guarded and where possible
safety grids are fi tted.
Manhole covers are replaced as soon as possible.
Slurry gas warning signs are in place at agitation points.
Entry into an underground slurry/effl uent tank is never undertaken without full risk
assessment and safety controls in place.
Condition of slats is checked for damage regularly.
Work is carried out upwind of agitation with no reliance placed on slurry gas monitors.
List additional Slurry Handling controls identi ed
List additional Slurry Handling controls identi ed
In Ireland, over 40 million tonnes of slurry are stored, handled
and spread as fertilizer each year. This presents two signifi cant
safety and health risks. Gas poisoning from slurry gases and
drowning in slurry or water, have caused 20 (10%) farm deaths
between 2006 and 2015.
Drowning is by far the most common stated cause of death
involving slurry. Where possible, fence off all water and slurry
hazards and take a cautious approach when working near
slurry tanks, water tanks, ponds, rivers or lakes.
Slurry Handling
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Answer ✔
✘
or N/A
Agitator
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Harvest is the peak time for farm
fatalities to farmers, family members
and contractors. Time pressure is often
an added risk factor particularly with
increased workload during spells of
good weather. The practice of working
long hours at harvest time, extending
over several weeks with little time for
rest, increases the risk of accidents.
Tractors, harvesters, farm vehicles and
other machinery are the main causes
of fatalities at harvest time. Incorrect
handling, transport and storage of bales
are also a signifi cant contributor to
fatalities at harvest time.
Harvesting
!
Plan the harvest safely
Use competent operators
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Keep PTOs coveredSwitch off for maintenance
Dangerous moving parts
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Harvesting
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
List all machinery used on the farm
Harvesting
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
The harvest is carefully planned and machinery prepared
to prevent any accidents or injury.
All persons, including family members not directly
involved are kept away from the harvest, particularly
children.
All involved with tractor and machinery operation are
competent and supervised during the work.
Adequate rest breaks are planned for and given to all
operators during the harvest.
All machinery is pre-checked before use and any safety
defects identified are rectified. (Immediately where
possible)
Regular maintenance is carried out to prevent
breakdowns.
All safety guards, particularly PTO guards, are kept in place
at all times.
Extra care is taken with machinery with exposed moving
parts and crop intake points.
All blockages and stoppages are dealt with by following:
‘Engine off, Handbrake on’, safe working procedures.
Passengers are not carried unless a suitable passenger seat
is provided. (Driver under instruction or training)
All persons are kept well away from operating mowers,
mulchers and hedge-cutters due to risk of projectile
stones and blades.
All operators and/or contractors are made aware of any
electrical lines, phone lines, uneven surfaces and slopes.
No machine is overloaded.
RSA rules are adhered to on the public road.
I communicate the high risk of accidents to all operators
and /or contractors during harvest time.
Good communication is maintained between operators of
all machinery in the harvesting process.
Silage pits are not overfilled and their fill height must not
put machinery operators at risk.
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
List all machinery used on the farm
Harvesting (continued)
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
Operators on silage pits are suffi ciently capable of carrying
out their role safely and prevent overturns or collisions.
No person goes underneath the silage cover due to risk of
smothering and/or gassing.
The sides and ends of earthen embankments are retained
at a safe angle.
Sighting rails are re-installed and maintained along silage
walls.
Silage pits are designed to Department of Agriculture,
Food and the Marine specifi cations.
Bales are loaded, transported and stacked carefully to
ensure they don’t roll or fall.
Safe means of tying down loaded bales is planned and
carried out.
Stacks of bales are stacked safely and not positioned near
overhead power lines.
Bale handling equipment is parked correctly following the
“SAFE STOP” procedure, to eliminate risk of crushing or
spiking.
The controls for the safety of children and young person’s
set out on page 7 are applied to harvesting machinery.
List additional Harvesting controls identi ed
Harvesting
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
!
!
Tidiness
Fixed support when working
under machine
Chainsaw training
Proper PPE
Workshop / Repairs / Timber
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Prop raised equipmentTraining and PPE
Safe tyre in ationMaintain tidy workshop
Farmers use an array of workshop tools and equipment for maintenance and repairs, such as welders, grinders,
generator, chainsaws and power washers. This equipment may pose a risk due to entanglement in moving
parts, heat, explosion, being struck by metal particles and sparks. These may cause injury to the person using
the equipment or those who may be in the area.
Working with Timber
The major cause of timber related deaths is being struck by falling trees or branches.
In the ten year period 2006-2015, some 7% (14) of all farm and forestry related fatalities involved working with
timber. Chainsaw injuries involve serious cuts and lacerations to the limbs, neck, head and body, so specialized
protective clothing is necessary. Chainsaws also produce noise in excess of 100 decibels so hearing protection
must also be worn.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Workshop / Repairs / Working
with Timber
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
List the portable and xed equipment used
on the farm
Portable and Fixed Equipment Safety
Assessment
(Examples: Portable equipment – angle grinder,
welder, power washer; Fixed equipment – air
compressor, hoist)
I will ensure that:
The equipment is only operated by competent operators.
All safety devices are in place and are in working order.
Manufacturer’s operation manuals are available and used.
Correct Personal Protective Equipment as specifi ed by the
manufacturer is used.
Tyres are infl ated in a safe manner standing clear of the
danger zone.
Tyres are changed in a safe manner by competent
persons.
All visible defects in portable and fi xed equipment are
rectifi ed. (List defects on control sheet)
Chainsaws
The chainsaw is fi tted with a full range of safety devices
including a chain brake and a chain catcher.
The chainsaw is only used for work the operator is
competent and trained to do.
Timber to be cross-cut is adequately secured and
supported.
Tree felling is only carried out by a competent person who
has appropriate certifi ed training in tree felling operations.
All work with the chainsaw is carried out safely wearing
correct personal protective equipment. (Helmet with visor,
hearing protection, chainsaw gloves, chainsaw trousers,
boots)
List additional portable and xed equipment controls identi ed
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
! !
Maintain electrics
RCD’s for sockets
Watch out for overhead lines
Proper IP rating
Electricity
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Electrical board
Check RCD
Keep clear of overhead lines
Electrical socket
In the ten year period 2006 - 2015, 3 farm fatalities were caused by electricity. Where electrical equipment is
not to the correct standard or is not well maintained there is a risk of electrocution. Those at risk include the
farmer and anyone entering the farm that may come in contact with faulty electrical equipment or overhead
cables.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Electricity
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
List all the areas where electrical circuits are
installed
Electricity
Safety Assessment
I will ensure that:
Electrical installations are inspected periodically and
maintained by a competent electrician.
Electrical fi ttings are of damp proof and dust proof
standard necessary. (I.P. Rated)
All circuits are protected by a Miniature Circuit Breaker (trip
switch) or fuse of the correct rating.
A main fuse protects the total electrical installation.
All sockets are protected by a 30 milli Amp RCD device on
220/380V circuits and checked monthly.
110V portable electrical equipment is used in building
work.
An electrical welder is supplied by a 32 Amp welding
socket.
All extension leads/ cable reels are fully uncoiled when in
use.
Adequate lighting is provided in each area of the farmyard
and farm buildings.
Electric fences are adequately earthed and operated in a
safe manner.
All visible defects in electrical installations are rectifi ed
without delay. (List defects on control sheet)
Electricity Networks
Contractors and suppliers coming onto the farm are made
aware of overhead power lines and other installations.
High machinery and loads only travel under overhead
power lines where there is adequate clearance.
List additional electrical controls identi ed
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
!
!
Locked storage
Use Proper PPE
Trained Persons
Equipment in
working order
Chemicals
Acute Toxicity- Life
threatening even in
small amounts and
brief exposure
Serious long-term
health eects
Corrosive- Causes skin
and eye burns
Skin and eye irritation.
Adverse health eects
Damage to ozone layer
Flammable- serious res
if exposed to sparks,
ames, heat
Oxidising- causes or
intensies re, increases
re risk
Explosive- sensitive to
re, heat, vibration and
friction
Container explodes if
heated. Very cold liquid
burns when touched.
Toxic to aquatic
environment
Know the symbols:
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Use automatic system Lock away all chemicals
Appropriate PPE
Chemicals pose a risk by diff erent routes including inhalation, ingestion and absorption.
The risk posed by the chemical depends on its chemical properties, particularly its toxicity. The ill health
eff ect caused by chemical exposure ranges from irritation, allergy, poisoning or even death. Chemicals are
at their most dangerous when in concentrated form. Those who are at risk are those who use the chemicals
and those who may be exposed to the chemicals while they are on the farm.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Chemical Safety Assessment
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
List all the areas on the farm where chemicals
are used (include veterinary products)
Chemical
Safety Assessment
I will ensure that:
All chemicals are kept in locked stores.
All chemical containers are correctly labelled.
Chemicals are handled and used by a competent person.
Approved training as a Professional User in Pesticide
application is undertaken.
Sprayer is tested in accordance with regulations.
All hazard warnings are read, understood and followed.
All controls recommended by the manufacturer in the
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) are followed.
All equipment using chemicals for example, sprayer,
milking machine are maintained in safe working order.
Protective clothing and equipment recommended by the
manufacturer is used.
All PPE is cleaned and stored safely after use.
Washing of skin takes place before eating, drinking or
smoking.
Triple rinsing (where appropriate) and safe disposal of all
chemical containers takes place.
Water is readily available to wash chemicals off
immediately.
Children are told the dangers of chemicals and kept away.
Records of chemicals in stock are kept up to date.
Emergency action for very hazardous chemicals is known.
List additional chemical controls identi ed
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
!
!
Poor health = poor pro t
Get annual health check
Don’t Risk Your Back
Protect Lung Health
Working on the farm can aff ect your health. In many
cases the eff ects on health build up over time. Of
particular signifi cance in farming is the ill health
caused by manual handling, dust or spores, infections
and noise. Of farmers with occupational ill health
50% experience chronic back pain often associated
with one bad lift. Also one exposure to some dusts
and spores can cause sensitization and severe long-
term health eff ects.
Manual Handling
About a third of all reported injuries are
due to poor manual handling. Most manual
handling accidents result in back injury.
Lifting heavy loads results in arthritis of
joints, particularly hip and knee joints.
Damage is also caused to tendons, ligaments
and muscles.
Injuries can result from manual handling
due to the work itself, the load, the work
environment, or the individual’s ability
or method of lifting. Twisting your spine
while lifting or carrying a load is particularly
dangerous.
Dust and Spores
Dust and spores cause very severe illness.
Sources of dust and spores include mouldy
hay, straw or grain, compost used in
mushroom growing, poultry feathers and
droppings and dust in intensive livestock
houses. Exposure to these materials can
cause both short-term eff ects (including
irritation, bronchitis and breathlessness),
and long-term eff ects (including asthma,
chronic bronchitis, shortness of breath,
weight loss, farmers lung and sensitisation).
Sensitisation is very serious as even small
exposures in the future will cause the health
eff ect. Always wear the proper PPE.
Health of Farmers
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Protect against dust
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Infection
A range of serious illnesses can be caught from animals and contaminated material. Bacteria, viruses and
fungi can cause illness if exposure occurs. Infection can arise from swallowing or by penetrating the skin.
Contamination through cuts or broken skin is the most likely source of infection. Contact with materials
contaminated with rat’s urine can cause Weils Disease, which is potentially fatal. Other examples of infections
include, Leptospirosis, Bovine TB, Orf, Lyme Disease and E.coli (including the potentially fatal 0157). PPE,
covering cuts and washing will protect you from infection.
Noise
Exposure to noise above a certain level (80dB) over extended periods causes hearing damage. As a general
rule, if the noise is such that it is difficult to hear someone talk in a normal voice, noise levels are at damaging
levels. Tractors, animals, chain-saws, and machinery can all produce noise levels which can over time
permanently damage your hearing. Where noise cannot be eliminated ear muffs will protect you from
hearing loss.
Stress/ Personal Health
Farming as a lifestyle in many ways is positive to wellbeing, however, stress can arise. The main causes of
stress among farmers are: uncertainties due to markets, farm prices and farm policies; financial worries,
excessively long working hours, poor working conditions, poor health and isolation. Stress and poor health
are associated with high accident levels. A recent Irish study showed that farmers have a poor health profile.
Stress can lead to disease of the circulatory system. It is important to recognise signs of stress and ill health
and to seek professional help.
Health of Farmers
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Health surveillance Provide washing & rst aid facilities
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Health of Farmers
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
List areas/activities where risk is high
Health
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
Preventing Back Injury
Mechanical aids are used to reduce manual handling.
Where possible the size and weight of the load is reduced
before manual handling.
All loads are assessed before lifting.
Dust and Spores
Generation of dust and spores is kept to a minimum.
Adequate ventilation is provided.
A suitable dust respirator (P2 or P3) is used where dust or
spore levels cannot be fully controlled.
Preventing Infection
Hand washing facilities with soap and towels are available
in the farmyard.
Suitable gloves are worn when handling potentially
infectious animals or material.
Cuts and abrasions are covered with a water proof plaster.
A vermin control programme is in place.
Noise (List areas/activities where the risk is high)
Where possible noise is eliminated or minimised.
Ways of reducing noise exposure have been considered.
Suitable hearing protection is always worn where there
are high noise levels.
Stress/ Personal Health & Safety
A regular health check by a health professional is
undertaken.
Protection from the sun is used.
Adequate water and food is taken to help concentration.
Attention is given to the importance of proper sleep, diet
and exercise.
Advice is sought for health related conditions.
A First Aid Box is readily available on the farm.
A charged mobile phone is carried when working alone.
Additional identi ed controls
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
My Farm Safety Action List
Where your assessments have indicated safety controls that are missing you must show in the action list
below what action you will take to put that control in place. This action should have a date for completion.
When the control is in place the action should be signed off indicating that the control is now in place.
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Safety
Assessment
Sample: Machinery
Safety Control
Measures that
are missing
PTO cover and ‘0’
guard missing on
Vacuum tanker
Sign
L. Moyne
Action that I
must take on my
farm
Fit new cover and ‘0’
guard to PTO on
Vacuum tanker
(state the make)
Date
15th
April
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
My Farm Safety Action List
Where your assessments have indicated safety controls that are missing you must show in the action list
below what action you will take to put that control in place. This action should have a date for completion.
When the control is in place the action should be signed off and the safety assessment changed to show that
the control is now in place.
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Safety
Assessment
Sample: Machinery
Safety Control
Measures that
are missing
PTO cover and ‘0’
guard missing on
Vacuum tanker
Sign
L. Moyne
Action that I
must take on my
farm
Fit new cover and
‘0’guard to PTO on
Vacuum tanker (state
the make)
Date
15
th
April
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Machinery (Additional)
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
Sign
L. Moyne
Note: If a Safety Control Measure is missing indicate this on your Action List page 29.
List all machinery used on the farm
Machinery
Risk Assessment
I will ensure that:
All safety guards/ devices are fi tted, undamaged and in good
working order.
The “O” guards are present on the machine end of the PTO drive.
The hydraulic systems and hoses are in good repair.
Pre-checks are carried out on machinery before use.
Regular maintenance is carried out.
Safety Practices
Machinery is only operated by competent operators.
All machinery is pre-checked with any safety defects identifi ed
and rectifi ed before use.
The operator hand book where available is read and understood.
Hydraulic equipment is supported with an adequate prop
during maintenance or repair for example, jack stands.
Machinery, PTO’s and moving parts are stopped before
attempting to carry out maintenance or free any blockage.
Passengers are not carried on machines unless designed to do so.
The controls for the safety of children and young person’s set out
on page 7 are applied to machinery.
Loads are stable and well secured.
All trailers comply with Road Safety Authority (RSA)
requirements.
Appropriate PPE and workwear is worn when operating
machinery for example, quad helmet when driving a quad.
Assess ground condition on slopes prior to machine work on
steep ground.
Additional machinery controls used
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Health and Safety Authority | FARM SAFETY CODE OF PRACTICE | RISK ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR FARMS WITH THREE OR LESS EMPLOYEES
Notes
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
There is a way to
Farm Safely
Further Information and Guidance:
Visit our website at www.hsa.ie, telephone our contact centre on 0818 289 389 or email [email protected]
Use BeSMART, our free online risk assessment tool at www.besmart.ie or visit www.farmsafely.com
Check out our range of free online courses at www.hsalearning.ie
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
An tÚdarás Sláinte agus Sábháilteachta
Health and Safety Authority
978-1-84496-238-9 HSA0459
Our Vision:
Healthy, safe and
productive lives
and enterprises
Health and Safety
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