Division 4, Agriculture

Oregon Administrative Rules

Chapter 437

Division 4

Agriculture

Administrative

Order 2-2023

The Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services adopted these rules pursuant to ORS

654.025(2).

The Secretary of State designated OAR Chapter 437 as the “Oregon Occupational Safety and Health

Code.” Six general subject areas within this code are designated as “Divisions.”

• Division 1 General Administrative Rules

• Division 2 General Occupational Safety and Health Rules

• Division 3 Construction

• Division 4 Agriculture

• Division 5 Maritime Activities

• Division 7 Forest Activities

• Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 654 The Oregon Safe Employment Act (OSEAct)

Oregon-initiated rules in this division of the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Code are

numbered in a uniform system developed by the Secretary of State. This system does not number

the rules in sequence (001, 002, 003, etc.). Omitted numbers may be assigned to new rules at the

time of their adoption.

Oregon-initiated rules are arranged in the following Basic Codification Structure adopted by the

Secretary of State for Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR):

Chapter Division Rule Section Subsection Paragraphs

437 004 0150 (1) (a) (A)(i)(I)

The majority of Oregon OSHA rules are adopted by reference from the Code of Federal Regulations

(CFR), and are arranged in the following basic federal numbering system:

Chapter Division Part Subpart Section Paragraphs

(Subdivision)

437 004 1928 M .1027 (a)(1)(i)(A)(1)

The terms “subdivision” and “subpart” are synonymous within OAR 437, Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Code.

To obtain an order form or copies of these codes, address:

Department of Consumer & Business Services

Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division (Oregon OSHA)

350 Winter St. NE

Salem, OR 97301-3882

Or call the Oregon OSHA Resource Library at 503-378-3272

The rules referenced in this division are available for viewing in the Office of the Secretary of State,

Oregon State Archives Building, Salem, Oregon, or the Central Office, Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division of the Department of Consumer and Business Services, 350 Winter St. NE,

Salem, Oregon, and on our web site at osha.oregon.gov.

Agriculture

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Table of Contents for Division 4

Historical Notes for Division 4 ............................................................................................. 665

Subdivision A, General Subjects

437-004-0001 Application ........................................................................................... A-1

437-004-0002 Scope ................................................................................................... A-1

437-004-0003 Exclusive Coverage ............................................................................. A-2

437-004-0005 Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records .......................... A-2

437-004-0099 General Standards ............................................................................... A-3

Subdivision B, Definitions

437-004-0100 Universal Definitions ............................................................................ B-1

437-004-0150 Standards Organizations ..................................................................... B-7

Subdivision C, Safety Committees

437-004-0240 Safety Orientation for Seasonal Workers ............................................. C-1

437-004-0251 Safety Committees and Safety Meetings ............................................. C-2

Subdivision D, Work Surfaces

437-004-0310 Working Surfaces ................................................................................. D-1

437-004-0320 Guarding Floor and Wall Openings and Holes ..................................... D-2

437-004-0330 Fixed Industrial Stairs .......................................................................... D-8

437-004-0340 Portable Ladders ................................................................................ D-11

437-004-0350 Orchard Ladders ................................................................................ D-17

437-004-0360 Fixed Ladders .................................................................................... D-18

437-004-0370 Scaffolding ......................................................................................... D-29

437-004-0380 Manually Propelled Mobile Ladder Stands and Scaffolds (Towers) ... D-39

437-004-0390 Other Working Surfaces ..................................................................... D-40

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Subdivision E, Exits/Plans

437-004-0405 Exits and Emergency Action Plan ........................................................ E-1

437-004-0450 Emergency Action Plan........................................................................ E-2

Subdivision F, Manlifts

437-004-0570 Manlifts ................................................................................................ F-1

Subdivision G, Health-Environment

437-004-0610 Ventilation ............................................................................................ G-1

437-004-0630 Noise Exposure ................................................................................... G-1

437-004-0650 Ionizing Radiation ................................................................................ G-6

Subdivision H, Hazardous Materials

437-004-0710 Compressed Gases ............................................................................. H-1

437-004-0715 Acetylene ............................................................................................. H-2

437-004-0716 Oxygen ................................................................................................ H-2

437-004-0717 Hydrogen ............................................................................................. H-7

437-004-0720 Flammable Liquids ............................................................................... H-7

437-004-0725 Spray Finishing .................................................................................. H-15

437-004-0770 Explosives and Blasting Agents ......................................................... H-17

437-004-0780 Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases ........................ H-17

437-004-0790 Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Natural Gas in Fields and Orchards

........................................................................................................... H-68

437-004-0800 Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia .................................. H-69

437-004-0950 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response ................. H-89

Subdivision I, Protective Equipment

437-004-1005 General Requirements for Protective Equipment ................................. I-5

437-004-1020 Personal Fall Protection ....................................................................... I-7

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437-004-1030 Work Clothing .................................................................................... I-10

437-004-1035 Eye and Face Protection .................................................................... I-11

437-004-1041 Respiratory Protection ....................................................................... I-12

Appendix A to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection –

Fit Testing Procedures (Mandatory) ................................................... I-33

Appendix B-1 to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection –

User Seal Check Procedures (Mandatory) ......................................... I-59

Appendix B-2 to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection –

Respirator Cleaning Procedures (Mandatory) .................................... I-61

Appendix C to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection ........................ I-63

Apéndice C de OAR 437-004-1041, Protección de la Respiración .... I-73

Appendix D to OAR 437-004-1041 – Information for Employees

Voluntarily Using Respirators (Mandatory) ........................................ I-83

Apéndice D de OAR 437-004-1041 – Información para Trabajadores

que Usan Respiradores Voluntariamente (Obligatorio) ...................... I-85

437-004-1050 Head Protection ................................................................................. I-87

437-004-1060 Hand, Foot, and Extremity Protection ................................................ I-87

437-004-1070 Working Underway on Water ............................................................. I-89

437-004-1075 Working Over or in Water ................................................................... I-90

Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I – Sample Hazard Assessment for Personal Protective

Equipment (PPE) (Nonmandatory) .................................................... I-91

Subdivision J, Work Environment

437-004-1105 Sanitation ............................................................................................ J-5

437-004-1110 Field Sanitation for Hand Labor Work ................................................. J-8

437-004-1115 Repealed ........................................................................................... J-11

437-004-1120 Agricultural Labor Housing and Related Facilities ............................. J-11

437-004-1131 Heat Illness Prevention ..................................................................... J-31

Appendix A - Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention ...... J-41

437-004-1140 Lighting ............................................................................................. J-47

437-004-1150 Safety Colors for Marking Physical Hazards ..................................... J-47

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437-004-1180 Accident Prevention Signs ................................................................. J-47

437-004-1250 Confined and Hazardous Spaces ...................................................... J-49

437-004-1260 Manure Lagoons, Storage Ponds, Vats, Pits and Separators ............ J-54

437-004-1275 The Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout) ......................... J-55

Appendix A – Typical Minimal Lockout Procedure ............................. J-65

Subdivision K, Medical/First Aid

437-004-1305 Medical Services and First Aid ............................................................. K-1

Subdivision L, Fire

437-004-1430 Sources of Fire .................................................................................... L-1

437-004-1440 Required Postings ............................................................................... L-2

437-004-1450 Extinguishers ....................................................................................... L-3

437-004-1460 Fire Prevention Plan ............................................................................ L-4

437-004-1470 Employee Equipment and Training ...................................................... L-4

Subdivision M, Compressed Gasses

437-004-1505 Air Receivers and Pressure Systems ................................................. M-1

437-004-1525 Boilers and Steam Systems ................................................................ M-3

Subdivision N, Material Handling

437-004-1610 General Requirements ......................................................................... N-1

437-004-1630 Conveyors ............................................................................................ N-3

437-004-1670 Automotive Hoists ................................................................................ N-4

437-004-1680 Storage of Hazardous Chemicals ........................................................ N-4

437-004-1700 Forklifts and Other Powered Industrial Trucks ..................................... N-6

437-004-1750 Helicopters ......................................................................................... N-12

437-004-1805 Rope, Chain, Rigging, and Hoists ...................................................... N-14

437-004-1825 Tackle and Hoisting Equipment ......................................................... N-15

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Subdivision O, Equipment Guarding

437-004-1910 General Equipment Guarding ............................................................. O-1

437-004-1940 Farm Field Equipment ......................................................................... O-3

437-004-1970 Farmstead Equipment ......................................................................... O-5

437-004-2000 Powered Saws .................................................................................... O-8

437-004-2100 Grinders ............................................................................................ O-11

Subdivision P, Small Tools

437-004-2220 General Requirements - Small Tools ................................................... P-1

437-004-2230 Guarding of Portable Powered Tools ................................................... P-2

437-004-2240 Power Lawnmowers ........................................................................... P-14

437-004-2260 Other Portable Tools and Equipment ................................................. P-16

Subdivision Q, Welding

437-004-2310 General Requirements ........................................................................ Q-1

437-004-2350 Oxygen-Fuel Gas Welding and Cutting ............................................... Q-6

437-004-2400 Arc Welding and Cutting ................................................................... Q-12

Subdivision S, Electricity

437-004-2810 General Requirements ......................................................................... S-1

437-004-2850 Temporary Lighting and Wiring ............................................................ S-2

437-004-2860 Flexible Cable and Extension Cords .................................................... S-3

437-004-2870 Attachment Plugs and Receptacles ..................................................... S-4

437-004-2880 Cord and Plug-Connected Equipment ................................................. S-5

437-004-2900 Grounding and Bonding ....................................................................... S-6

437-004-2950 Switches and Circuit Breakers ............................................................. S-7

437-004-3000 Identification and Load Ratings ............................................................ S-8

437-004-3050 Work Near Overhead Lines.................................................................. S-8

437-004-3075 Agricultural Buildings with Special Hazards ......................................... S-9

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Subdivision T, Miscellaneous

437-004-3100 Excavation ........................................................................................... T-1

Subdivision U, Vehicles

437-004-3410 Agricultural, Commercial and Industrial Vehicles ................................. U-1

Appendix A to 437-004-3410, Specific Equipment ............................... U-9

437-004-3420 Working from Vehicles and Vehicle Loads ......................................... U-11

437-004-3430 Training for Agriculture Tractor Operators ......................................... U-11

437-004-3460 Industrial Vehicles .............................................................................. U-12

437-004-3480 Bridges, Roads and Ramps ............................................................... U-12

437-004-3550 Servicing Multipiece and Single Piece Rim Wheels ........................... U-13

437-004-3600 Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS) for Tractors in Agriculture ... U-13

437-004-3650 Roll-Over Protective Structures - Industrial Vehicles ......................... U-17

437-004-3660 Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms.................. U-18

Subdivision W, Worker Protection Standard

437-004-6000 Adoption by Reference of Federal Standard ....................................... W-1

437-004-6001 Expiration and Implementation Dates ................................................. W-2

Subpart D General Provisions

170.301 Scope and Purpose ............................................................................ W-5

170.303 Applicability of this part ....................................................................... W-5

170.305 Definitions ........................................................................................... W-6

170.309 Agricultural employer duties .............................................................. W-11

170.311 Display requirements for pesticide safety information and pesticide

application and hazard information ................................................... W-14

170.313 Commercial pesticide handler employer duties ................................ W-19

170.315 Prohibited actions ............................................................................. W-22

Subpart E Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Workers

170.401 Training requirements for workers .................................................... W-25

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437-004-6401 Effective dates for worker training programs in Oregon .................... W-26

170.403 Establishment-specific information for workers ................................. W-29

170.405 Entry restrictions associated with pesticide applications ................... W-30

437-004-6405 Restrictions associated with outdoor production pesticide

applications ...................................................................................... W-30

437-004-6406 Pesticide spray drift and innovative methods .................................... W-34

170.407 Worker entry restrictions after pesticide applications ........................ W-37

170.409 Oral and posted notification of worker entry restrictions ................... W-37

170.411 Decontamination supplies for workers .............................................. W-44

Subpart F Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Pesticide Handlers

170.501 Training requirements for handlers ................................................... W-47

437-004-6501 Handler training programs in Oregon ................................................ W-48

437-004-6502 Oregon requirements for Worker Protection Standard trainers of

handlers who qualify using train-the-trainer programs ...................... W-49

170.503 Knowledge of labeling, application-specific, and establishment-

specific information for handlers ....................................................... W-50

170.505 Requirements during applications to protect handlers,

workers, and other persons............................................................... W-51

170.507 Personal protective equipment .......................................................... W-52

437-004-6508 Respiratory Protection ...................................................................... W-55

170.509 Decontamination and eye flushing supplies for handlers .................. W-58

437-004-6509 Emergency eye-washes and eye flushing supplies ........................... W-59

Subpart G Exemptions, Exceptions and Equivalency

170.601 Exemptions ....................................................................................... W-61

170.603 Exceptions for entry by wokers during restricted-entry

intervals............................................................................................. W-62

170.605 Agricultural employer responsibilities to protect workers entering

treated areas during a restricted-entry interval ................................. W-65

170.607 Exceptions to personal protective equipment requirements

specified on pesticide product labeling ............................................. W-67

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Subdivision Z, Chemical/Toxins

437-004-9000 Oregon Rules for Air Contaminants .................................................... Z-5

437-004-9010 Fumigated Areas .............................................................................. Z-32

437-004-9050 Asbestos ........................................................................................... Z-32

437-004-9090 13 Carcinogens ................................................................................. Z-34

437-004-9600 Lead .................................................................................................. Z-34

437-004-9620 Cadmium .......................................................................................... Z-35

437-004-9626 Chromium (VI) .................................................................................. Z-35

437-004-9640 Benzene ............................................................................................ Z-36

437-004-9650 Bloodborne Pathogens ..................................................................... Z-37

437-004-9710 Acrylonitrile ....................................................................................... Z-38

437-004-9720 Thiram ............................................................................................... Z-38

437-004-9740 Ethylene Oxide ................................................................................. Z-44

437-004-9760 Formaldehyde ................................................................................... Z-44

437-004-9780 Methylenedianiline ............................................................................ Z-44

437-004-9791 Protection from Wildfire Smoke ........................................................ Z-45

Appendix A to 437-004-9791: Mandatory Workplace Guidance

for the Use of Filtering Facepiece Respirators to Address

Wildfire Smoke .................................................................................. Z-53

Appendix B to 437-004-9791: Information for Wildfire Smoke

Protection .......................................................................................... Z-55

437-004-9800 Hazard Communication Standard for Agricultural Employers ........... Z-57

437-004-9830 Retention of Department of Transportation (DOT) Markings,

Placards and Labels ......................................................................... Z-71

437-004-9850 Pipe Labeling .................................................................................... Z-71

Appendix A to 437-004-9850 Pipe Labeling (Non-Mandatory) .......... Z-75

437-004-9860 Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories .............................................. Z-77

List of Tables for Division 4, Subdivision Z ........................................................................ Z-79

Agriculture

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Note 1: The OR-OSHA Advisory Committee of Small Agricultural Employers provided the philo-

sophical and structural guidance for this standard, Division 4, Agriculture. Most farmers, ranchers and

growers were committed to have only one book of OR-OSHA standards. We began this pro- cess

committed to not enacting any new standards. However, the agricultural community soon realized the

need for some new standards. We emphasize that most of the new standards do not represent new

requirements for employers. In most cases the new standard merely consolidates and clarifies what

was done previously from a variety of sources. Some examples are forklift driver training, storage of

chemicals and pay for personal protective equipment. This standard is written in plain English and is

formatted for easy reading.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Note 2: Oregon OSHA adopted changes to the standard for Agricultural employers, Division 4.

These changes are the result of proposed legislation introduced by the Oregon Farm Bureau

Federation.

Oregon OSHA negotiated changes to these administrative standards with the Farm Bureau to provide

the needed updating of the standards without completing the legislative process.

The changes effect only the standard on Safety Committees, Chapter C.

The effect of these changes is to modify the requirements for safety committees for Oregon

agricultural employers with more than 10 non-seasonal workers. The changes eliminate several

paperwork requirements. They also move the standard to a more performance-oriented approach.

For smaller agricultural employers, the changes eliminate required safety committees. These are

employers who have fewer than 11 non-seasonal workers but who may hire enough seasonal workers

to swell their force temporarily during a particular cycle.

The term seasonal worker is defined for the first time. For the sake of consistency, the definition

mirrors others used by various government agencies in the regulation of agriculture.

Employers with small non-seasonal work forces must hold special orientation meetings for their

seasonal workers to assure that these people are not excluded from the training and information they

need to work safely.

Comments received at the public hearing on April 23, 1999, and throughout the time the amendments

were proposed, were in agreement with the changes.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 2-1999, filed 4/30/99, effective 4/30/99.

Note 3: During the last growing season issues were raised that led to the establishment of a work

group to develop solutions. Of particular concern was a requirement for a second means of exit even

in single room dwellings that were in compliance with Building Codes and Fire Marshal rules.

Agriculture

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A committee of representatives of labor, the agricultural community, elected officials, and state

agencies whose standards affect labor housing, worked on developing the changes to 437-004-1120,

Agricultural Labor Housing and Related Facilities, in Division 4/J, Agriculture/Work Environment. We

are making similar changes to 437-002-0142, Labor Camps, in general industry.

We regrouped some subjects into more logical categories. Wording or grammar in several rules

changed to make the rule easier to follow and/or enforce.

Several definitions changed to reflect current practices or to more closely match the same definitions

in other state regulatory documents such as those of the Building Codes Division.

A date (December 15, 1989) is now part of a few rules to make OR-OSHA requirements more

synchronous with those of the Building Codes Division (BCD). For certain issues, any housing built or

remodeled on or after that date must comply with BCD standards on those issues. Housing built or

remodeled before that date must meet standards in effect at the time of the work. For most other

issues compliance is based on the particular standard in effect at the time the work was done.

Housing units built or remodeled on or after December 15, 1989 must comply with new OR-OSHA

rules and the state building code rules on emergency exits. Those rules give location and design

criteria. One-room living areas no longer need a second emergency exit. Older multi-room units must

comply with the old OR-OSHA rules.

We added a paragraph to prohibit citations resulting from housekeeping practices of camp occupants.

Recyclable materials like cans and bottles are no longer trash for the purposes of certain rules

governing trash and refuse.

Operators must post their street numbers so that responding emergency vehicles can see them from

the street.

Requirements for toilets, handwashing and bathing facilities changed to read one unit for each fifteen

employees or fraction thereof.

Requirements for handling and control of garbage are now restricted to outside of buildings and

certain recyclable materials are not considered garbage for that rule.

Based on comments we received, three categories of registration exemptions are eliminated from the

new rules. Based on ORS 654.705(7) Oregon OSHA believes these categories are already exempt

from registration and need not be repeated in the rules. They are:

Dwellings occupied by the owner or owning family; or

Dwellings occupied year-round by employees who are members of a nuclear family (parents, children,

grandparents or siblings); and

The original structure and any remodeling conformed to building codes or manufactured dwelling

regulations in effect at the time they were done.

Oregon OSHA received many comments on the issue of required heating during specified months of

the year. After consideration of all the comments and analysis of the economic impact versus the

potential impact of safety and health, this rule remains unchanged.

Agriculture

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The following changes are proposed to have an effective date of October 1, 2000:

Housing operators must now provide a mattress or pad for any bed or bunk. The bed or bunk must

keep the mattress at least 6 inches off the floor.

Each unit must have a working smoke detector at the time of initial occupancy. The operator is not

responsible for actions of occupants to defeat or disable the detector.

Tent must be made of or treated with flame retardant materials.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 5-2000, filed 5/18/00, effective 6/1/00 (some portions effective 10/1/00).

Note 4: Oregon’s Legislative Counsel notified OR-OSHA that OAR 437-004-0250(6) did not con-

form to the requirements of ORS 654.182(d). The adopted changes bring the administrative rule into

agreement with the statute. OAR 437-004-0250 is the rule for Safety Committees in Division 4/C,

Agriculture/Safety Awareness.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2000, filed 7/26/00, effective 7/26/00.

Note 5: Oregon OSHA replaced rules, almost 30 years old, in Division 2, General Industry, about

working on or over water. Existing rules reflect the original intent to apply mostly to log ponds and

similar applications, and do not reflect either current practices or technology. The new rules are the

result of a series of meetings with effected parties including the United States Coast Guard.

Oregon OSHA also placed rules about working on or over water in Division 4, Agriculture. Oregon’s

old standard, Division 81, Agricultural Operations, had these rules but they were erroneously left out

during the writing of the new standard, Division 4, Agriculture. This adoption is to put them back and

update the language for the same reasons as stated above.

In response to public comments, we made one change from the original proposal for both agriculture

and general industry. We added language exempting workers covered by Oregon standards for

commercial divers. The reasoning was that the proposal could have been construed to require divers

to wear personal flotation devices (PFDs).

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2001, filed 1/18/01, effective 3/1/01.

Note 6: Oregon OSHA standards must be as effective as federal OSHA. There were slight

differences in the air contaminants rules. Therefore, OR-OSHA has modified three substances:

Carbon disulfide; Ethylene dibromide; and Mercury and Mercury organo (alkyl), to match federal

OSHA’s standard in construction and maritime. For uniformity, Oregon initiated air contaminant rules

in general industry, construction and agriculture will all reflect the amendments.

Oregon added the skin designation to the three substances listed above. Also, Oregon changed the

PEL to 25 ppm ceiling value for Ethylene dibromide (currently at 30 ppm).

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2001, filed 2/5/01, effective 2/5/01.

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Note 7: Oregon OSHA adopted changes to Division 4/H, OAR 437-004-0790, Use of Liquefied

Petroleum Gas or Natural Gas in Fields and Orchards, to bring them into harmony with requirements

of the Oregon Office of State Fire Marshal and the Oregon Building Codes Division. The changes

also clarify the application by excluding portable equipment. The requirement to guard certain tank

installations is deleted after consultation with orchardists and LPG industry representatives. This

requirement was originally set for industrial applications where the hazard of vehicle contact with the

tanks is substantial and frequent. Isolated orchard locations do not present this hazard.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2001, filed 5/15/01, effective 5/15/01.

Note 8: Oregon OSHA amended the air contaminants standard in Division 4/Z, Agriculture/

Chemical/Toxins. The change is to Table Z-2, to the entry for Methylene Chloride. When federal

OSHA amended the Methylene Chloride standard in general industry, construction, and shipyard

employment, OR-OSHA inadvertently did not amend the table in our agriculture standard to reflect the

lower exposure limit of 25ppm. The exposure limit of 25ppm for methylene chloride is now the same

in general industry, construction, agriculture, and shipyard employment.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2001, filed 9/14/01, effective 9/14/01.

Note 9: Based on the most recent injury and illness data provided by the Department’s Research and

Analysis Section, the trigger for the top 10 percent of lost work day cases incidence rates for

agriculture has changed from two to one. This change in the administrative rules is precipitated by

ORS 654.176(b)(A). The rule affected is OAR 437-004-0250(1)(b) and note, Safety Committees, in

Division 4/C, Agriculture/Safety Committees.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2002, filed 2/15/02, effective 2/15/02.

Note 10: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), published in the September 1, 2004 Federal

Pesticide Worker Protection Standard to permit optional use of separable glove liners beneath

chemical-resistant gloves. This amendment also makes optional the provision that agricultural pilots

wear gloves when entering or leaving aircraft. All other provisions of the Worker Protection Standard

are unaffected by this rule. EPA believes that these changes will reduce the cost of compliance and

will increase regulatory flexibility without increasing potential risks.

Oregon OSHA adopted these changes as published. These changes are in OR-OSHA’s Division

4/W, Agriculture/Worker Protection Standard.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2004, filed 12/30/04, effective 12/30/04.

Agriculture

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Note 11: A new Respiratory Protection standard was adopted in Division 4/I, Agriculture. OAR 437-

004-1041, Respiratory Protection was adopted as OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006 on June 7,

2006, but will not be effective until March 1, 2007.

The current 437-004-1040, Respiratory Protection will remain in effect through February 28, 2007.

Oregon OSHA will have both standards on the web site and in hard copy until March 2007.

The Respiratory Protection Standard was reworded for clarity and plain language, and to bring the

rules up to Division 2/I standards having one rule for all respirator users.

Summary of changes:

• There are new requirements for voluntary use of respirators. You must provide respirator

users with the information contained in Appendix D, and have a medical evaluation required

for respirators with the exception of filtering face-pieces, and have cleaning, storing and

maintenance procedures in the program.

• There is a requirement for annual fit-testing of required use of respirators.

• There is a change from annual medical evaluations to a medical evaluation before the first fit-

test.

• New appendices A, B1, B2 and D were added for procedures on fit-testing (A), user seal

check (B1) and proper cleaning (B2) the medical questionnaire was moved to (C) and

voluntary use information (D). The mandatory appendices C and D are also in Spanish.

• There is a section on interior structural firefighting requiring the two in two out rules.

• Training is required annually.

• A change out schedule for canisters and cartridges is required.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

Note 12: This rule adds new requirements for exposures to hexavalent chromium, including a lower

airborne permissible exposure limit, an action level, airborne exposure assessments, regulated areas,

change and washing facilities, medical surveillance, and training.

These changes are required to keep OR-OSHA standards as effective as Federal OSHA.

Oregon OSHA did not adopt the exception for pesticide use. Federal OSHA does not regulate the

use of pesticides because the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates these exposures

through the Worker Protection Standard (WPS). However, since Oregon OSHA enforces the WPS

this exemption does not apply in Oregon.

Oregon OSHA adopted these changes into general industry, construction, agriculture, and maritime.

The proposed amendments to the permissible limit for airborne concentrations of respirable silica

were not adopted in this rulemaking.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 6-2006, adopted and effective August 30, 2006.

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Note 13: Oregon OSHA adopted changes in 16 subdivisions of Division 4, Agriculture, including:

clarify language, correct/add reference changes, add notes, the lead standard is removed from

Division 4 and OAR 437-002-1910.1025 (Division 2/Z) is referenced, added requirements to Roll-Over

Protective Structures (ROPS) due to Federal OSHA changes, changes to General Requirements in

Electricity, a new paragraph on varmint killers, and a new rule on fumigated areas.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 9-2006, adopted and effective September 22, 2006.

Note 14: Oregon OSHA adopts the Federal OSHA changes as they appear in the August 24, 2006

Federal Register. These changes revise the existing rules on respiratory protection, adding

definitions and new language that establishes Assigned Protection Factors (APFs) and Maximum Use

Concentrations (MUCs) for respirator use. The revisions also supersede the respirator selection

provisions of existing substance-specific standards with these new APFs (except for the respirator

selection provisions of the 1,3-Butadiene Standard).

Federal OSHA developed the final APFs after thoroughly reviewing the available literature, including

chamber-simulation studies and workplace protection factor studies, comments submitted to the

record, and hearing testimony. The final APFs provide employers with critical information to use when

selecting respirators for employees exposed to atmospheric contaminants found in general industry,

construction, shipyards, longshoring, and marine terminal workplaces. Oregon OSHA also adopts

these changes into Division 4, Agriculture. Proper respirator selection using APFs is an important

component of an effective respiratory protection program. Accordingly, Federal OSHA concludes that

the final APFs are necessary to protect employees who must use respirators to protect them from

airborne contaminants.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 10-2006, adopted and effective November 30, 2006. Changes

to OAR 437-004-1041 (Agriculture) are effective March 1, 2007.

Note 15: Oregon OSHA is correcting typographical errors and incorrect references, which will add

clarity to the Respiratory Protection Standard in Division 4, Agriculture.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2007, adopted and effective August 13, 2007.

Note 16: After meeting with stakeholders, negotiations with Federal OSHA, and giving consideration

to comments received at hearings, Oregon OSHA adopts these changes to OAR 437-004-1120,

Agricultural Labor Housing (ALH) and Related Facilities, in Division 4/J, Agriculture/Work

Environment, to make our rules “as effective” as those of Federal OSHA.

The major changes are:

Beginning on January 1, 2018, the rule will require all agricultural labor housing, where workers cook,

live and sleep in the same area, to provide 100 square feet per occupant. Square footage

requirements for sleep-only areas will not change.

Agriculture

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For units built after April 3, 1980, at least one-half the required floor space in each living area must

have a minimum ceiling height of 7 feet. Floor space with a ceiling height less than 5 feet does not

count toward the minimum required floor space.

Beginning on January 1, 2018, only areas with a 7 foot ceiling height will count toward the required

square footage of any living or sleeping area.

Ratios of sinks and showers will change starting on April 1, 2009. The rules on laundries and window

requirements will also change on April 1, 2009.

Delayed effective dates are to give operators time to secure needed permits from local authorities and

to arrange financing for projects that require major work.

Oregon OSHA removed references to tents. Tents are acceptable labor housing when they meet all

the criteria in the rule, just like any other style housing.

The rule now requires heat be available in all ALH without regard to the time of year.

The rule now requires ‘livestock operations’ be at least 500 feet from all ALH unless the employees in

the housing are employed to tend or otherwise work with the animals. This does not apply to animals

owned by the housing occupants.

OAR 437-002-0142 Temporary Labor Camps in Division 2/J, General Industry/Environmental

Controls, is also amended. The entire text of the rule is removed and new language is added stating

that OAR 437-004-1120 applies in General Industry, Construction, and Forest Activities as well as

Agriculture, except paragraphs (5), (6)(p), and (24).

This is OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2008, adopted March 24, 2008 and effective May 1,

2008.

Note 17: Oregon OSHA adopted the Federal OSHA changes as they appear in the November 15,

2007 Federal Register, into Division 2/I, Personal Protective Equipment, Division 3/E, Personal

Protective and Life Saving Equipment, and Division 5, Maritime Activities. The changes codify and

clarify the employers’ responsibility to provide and pay for protective equipment that is necessary for

employees to perform their jobs safely.

In addition to the Federal OSHA changes, Oregon OSHA proposes to replace the existing language in

Division 4/I, Protective Equipment, with language comparable to the new Federal OSHA language for

clarity.

This is OR-OSHA Administrative Order 5-2008, adopted May 1, 2008 and effective May 15, 2008.

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Note 18: This rulemaking is to keep Oregon OSHA in harmony with recent changes to Federal

OSHA’s standards. We are removing several references to consensus standards that have

requirements that duplicate, or are comparable to, other OR-OSHA rules; this action includes

correcting a paragraph citation in one of these rules. We are also removing a reference to American

Welding Society standard A3.0-1969 ("Terms and Definitions") in our general industry welding

standards. This rulemaking is part of a continuing effort to update references to consensus and

industry standards used throughout our rules.

OR-OSHA adopts the changes in general industry as published in the December 14, 2007 Federal

• Division 2/H, 1910.94(c)(1)(ii), and (3) - In Oregon 437-002-0107 Spray Finishing applies.

• Division 2/H, 1910.107 - In Oregon 437-002-0107 Spray Finishing applies.

• Division 2/R, 1910.261 - In Oregon 437-002-0312 Oregon Rules for Pulp, Paper, and

Paperboard Mills applies.

A reference to American National Standard Safety Requirements for Explosive-Actuated Fastening

Tools, ANSI A10.3-1995 is removed in Division 4/P, Agriculture/Small Tools.

This is OR-OSHA Administrative Order 7-2008, adopted and effective May 30, 2008.

Note 19: These changes are necessary to resolve issues expressed by Federal OSHA toward making

our rules at least as effective as theirs. In addition, the removal of the heater language is to recognize

new safety technology.

437-004-1120(16) Living Areas.

We will delete paragraph (c)(B) to reflect changes in heater technology. Paragraph (C) will become

(B) and (D) will become (C). Paragraph (B) is adequate to address any hazards related to ribbon-type

heaters as they now come with safety devices to shut them off if they overheat.

437-004-1120(16) Living Areas.

Wording added to paragraph (n) will close a gap in coverage pointed out by Federal OSHA. The result

is that existing housing will be good until the 2018 change date unless it is remodeled. New

construction and existing housing remodeled between this adoption and 2018 will have to meet the

new requirements in paragraph (n).

437-004-1120(18) Common use cooking and eating facilities and equipment.

Federal OSHA requires adding this language to be as effective as their rule. It requires enclosed,

screened shelters for common use cooking and eating facilities.

437-004-1120(19) Dining Halls and equipment.

Federal OSHA requires adding this language to be as effective as their rule. It requires enclosed,

screened shelters for dining halls.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 1-2009, adopted and effective January 26, 2009.

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Note 20: In Oregon, Oregon OSHA administers and enforces the pesticide Worker Protection

Standard (WPS: 40 CFR 170) as adopted in Division 4, Agriculture, Subdivision W, OAR 437-004-

6000.

This rulemaking amends OAR 437-004-6000 to reflect non-substantive corrections and technical

amendments that were published in the Federal Register from 2006 through 2009.

Oregon OSHA is also amending the pesticide Worker Protection Standard (WPS) in Division 7, Forest

Activities, Subdivision A, General Requirements, OAR 437-007-0010, to clarify the references in

Division 7 to the WPS in Division 4.

In addition, Oregon OSHA is amending Division 2, General Industry, Subdivision Z, Toxic and

Hazardous Substances, by adopting a new rule (OAR 437-002-0170) to clarify that under certain

circumstances all parts of the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) apply to general industry

workplaces, and are a part of Division 2 in addition to, and not instead of, any other part of Division 2.

Members of the public submitting written comments expressed support for the changes but noted that

the proposed amendments (being non-substantive) do not go far enough to improve the protection of

Oregon’s affected workers from exposure to pesticides. The changes suggested by these

commenters were outside the parameters of this rulemaking.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 9-2009, adopted and effective September 21, 2009.

Note 21: This rulemaking is to keep Oregon OSHA in harmony with recent changes to Federal

OSHA’s standards.

Federal OSHA revised the personal protective equipment (PPE) sections of its general industry,

shipyard employment, longshoring, and marine terminals standards concerning requirements for eye-

and face-protective devices, and head and foot protection.

Federal OSHA updated the references in its regulations to reflect more recent editions of the

applicable national consensus standards that incorporate advances in technology. Federal OSHA

requires that PPE be safely designed and constructed for the tasks performed.

Amendments to the PPE standards include a requirement that filter lenses and plates in eye-

protective equipment meet a test for transmission of radiant energy such as light or infrared.

Oregon OSHA adopted the changes in general industry and maritime activities as published in the

September 9, 2009 Federal Register. The updated references are also made in Oregon OSHA’s

Division 4, Agriculture, and Division 7, Forest Activities.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 2-2010, adopted and effective February 25, 2010.

Note 22: These changes result from legislation, input from the regulated community and input from

Oregon OSHA staff.

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Changes to Subdivision 4/A, Agriculture/ General Subjects, at OAR 437-004-0002, Scope, cross-

reference and clarify the SIC and NAICS codes to which the Division 4 rules apply. A duplicate rule for

adoption of the Worker Protection Standard (OAR 437-004-0004) was eliminated. In OAR 437-004-

0099, General Standards, a requirement at (1)(b) was rewritten in plain language. At (3), rules for

inspecting workplaces, and at (4)(a), rules for investigating time-loss injuries and illnesses were cross-

referenced with the numbering changes in 4/C Safety Committees and Safety Meetings.

Changes in Subdivision 4/C, Safety Awareness, fulfill Oregon OSHA’s responsibility under a recent

legislative mandate to require all Oregon employers, regardless of size, to have either a safety

committee or to hold safety meetings.

The safety committee rule, OAR 437-004-0250 is repealed on the effective date, January 1, 2011, and

is being replaced with OAR 437-004-0251, Safety Committees and Safety Meetings, incorporating the

changes required by the legislative mandate. The scope of the rule is defined as all agricultural

employers with workers, excluding seasonal workers. All employers with workers can have a safety

committee. The number of (nonseasonal) workers, both full-time and part-time, per location determine

whether the employer also has the option of holding monthly safety meetings instead of having a

safety committee.

The special needs of agricultural employers are addressed by maintaining separate safety orientation

requirements for employers of seasonal workers, as outlined in OAR 437-004-0240, Safety

Orientation for Seasonal Workers. The original definition was maintained in the final rule: Seasonal

workers are “employed in a job tied to a certain time of year by an event or pattern and for not more

than 10 months in a calendar year.” Additional notes were added to this section to cross reference

and explain the minimum training and orientation requirements for seasonal workers who perform only

“hand labor operations” as defined in the rule.

The Division 4/C rules for employers of both seasonal and non-seasonal workers now specifically

state – at OAR 437-004-0240(2)(b) and 437-004-0251(2)(b) – that safety awareness information must

be communicated “in a manner that workers can understand.” Employers with employees who have

language barriers must “include content that is either translated into the language used to hire and

supervise these employees or that is otherwise effectively conveyed, such as through visual media.”

Changes in Subdivision 4/K, Agriculture/ Medical and First Aid, at OAR 437-004-1305, are mostly

stylistic, putting the existing requirements for first aid, emergency medical treatment, the emergency

medical plan, and emergency eyewash and safety showers into clearer language.

Paragraph (5), Emergency eyewash and shower facilities, are rewritten for the final rule to address

concerns by commenters. The final rule clarifies when eyewash, shower equipment, or both are

required and defines the minimum standards for both plumbed (potable) and self-contained systems.

In the final rule, employers must provide employees with an emergency eyewash, shower equipment,

or both to decontaminate themselves, based on the hazard. Eyewash and shower equipment

requirements apply both to all chemical substances that may be present in the workplace and, for

pesticide products, based on what the pesticide label requires.

Decontamination equipment is no longer linked to its location at a fixed or mobile site but is related to

the hazard.

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Based on comments received, Oregon OSHA is delaying the effective date to January 1, 2011, for all

changes in this rulemaking.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2010, adopted July 8, 2010 and effective January

1, 2011.

Note 23: This rulemaking is to keep Oregon OSHA in harmony with recent changes to Federal

OSHA’s standards.

Oregon OSHA adopted changes to rules in general industry, construction, agriculture, and maritime.

Federal OSHA published a number of rule changes in these industries in the June 8, 2011 Federal

rulemaking by Federal OSHA to improve and streamline the standards. This removes or revises

individual requirements within rules that are confusing, outdated, duplicative, or inconsistent.

Oregon OSHA adopted the majority of the federal changes that include:

• Personal Protective Equipment – Division 2/I, remove requirements that employers

prepare and maintain written training certification records.

• Respiratory Protection – revise requirements for breathing-gas containers.

• Material Handling/Slings – revise standards in general industry, construction, and maritime

standards.

• Commercial Division Operations – Division 2/T, remove two obsolete recordkeeping

requirements.

• General industry and construction – remove requirements in numerous standards for

employers to transfer specific records to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health (NIOSH).

• Lead – amend trigger levels in general industry and construction.

In connection with rule changes in the SIP III rulemaking process, Oregon OSHA adopted additional

changes to the subdivisions and rules opened during this rulemaking activity. We also made reference

changes to Underground Installations in Division 3/P.

Oregon OSHA repealed all of Division 2/I rules with the exception of 1910.134 Respiratory Protection,

1910.137 Electrical Protective Equipment, 437-002-0138 Additional Oregon Rule for Electrical

Protective Equipment, 437-002-0139 Working Underway on Water, and 437-002-1139 Working Over

or In Water.

To replace them, we adopted new Oregon-initiated rule, 437-002-0134 Personal Protective

Equipment, that includes sections covering scope/application, hazard assessment, equipment,

training, payment, fall protection, clothing, high visibility garments, eye, head, foot, leg, hand and skin

protection.

The change in format simplifies the existing text while making little change to the overall rule

requirements with the following exceptions:

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• Modifies the hazard assessment requirement to clarify that employers must identify

hazards to the entire body, including the torso and extremities, when performing the

assessment. The assessment is currently limited to head, hands, eyes and face and foot

protection. Note: The assessment for eyes, face, head, hands, and feet are currently in

effect. The torso and extremities (e.g. arms and legs) element of the body assessment will

not be enforced until July 1, 2012.

• Change the fall protection component criteria to align with the systems criteria found in

1926.502 of the construction standards. The training requirement in this rule would also

cover those parts not previously covered, such as fall protection.

Definition of “potable water”:

Previously, Oregon OSHA did not adopt 1910.141(a)(1), so the SIP-III changes to the definition of

potable water must be addressed through Oregon-initiated rules. We will maintain the current

definition of potable water in Division 2/J, 437-002-0141(1)(a), Sanitation and Division 4/J, 437-004-

1105(1)(b), Sanitation. However, for consistency, we changed the definition of potable water in

Division 4/J, 437-004-1110, Field Sanitation for Hand Labor Work, and Division 3/D, 437-003-0015

Drinking Water to the same definition.

MOCA -- 4,4’-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline):

As a logical extension of the Federal OSHA SIP-III changes to 29 CFR 1910.1003, 13 Carcinogens,

we amended the Oregon Rules for MOCA (4,4’-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline)) at Division 2/Z, 437-

002-0364. The requirements for respiratory protection are updated and the requirements for transfer

of records is simplified. Most transfer of medical records to NIOSH is eliminated with the SIP III

rulemaking. The employer is required to follow the requirements of the Respiratory Protection rule and

select appropriate respirators based on the selection criteria in 1910.134(d). (The type of respirator to

use is no longer specified.) We will also remove and reserve 437-002-0364(6)(a) which had a

reporting requirement end date of December 1974.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2011, adopted and effective December 8, 2011.

Note 24: Oregon OSHA proposed changes to Agriculture, Division 4/A General Subjects; 4/B

Definitions; 4/I Protective Equipment; and 4/Z Chemical/Toxins. We removed subdivisions A and B

from this current rulemaking action. Three public hearings were held in June 2012 with no comments

received for proposed changes to subdivisions I and Z. Oregon OSHA adopts one new rule in Division

4/Z, one new appendix in Division 4/I, and amends 23 existing rules in Division 4/I and 4/Z.

Subdivision I modifies the requirements for employers providing Personal Protective Equipment to

include an evaluation of the hazards. A new non-mandatory appendix to Subdivision I provides a

template for employers to use in this evaluation. Also, training requirements are specified for

employees using general PPE. The format of the rules for PPE for parts of the body (head, eyes and

face, hands and feet) is simplified and the requirements are aligned with the requirements in the

Division 2 rules.

Agriculture

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The format is standardized in the rules for Subdivision Z (Chemicals and Toxins.) The Division 4 Air

Contaminant rules are updated to match the Division 2 Air Contaminant rules. The substance-specific

rules make clear that either the Division 2 or Division 3 rules apply, depending on the type of activity,

if there is an exposure to these toxins.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, adopted September 19, 2012, and effective

January 1, 2013.

Note 25: Oregon OSHA has adopted changes related to the globally harmonized system of chemical

classification and labeling (GHS) into OAR 437-004-9800, the Hazard Communication Standard

(HCS) for Agricultural Employers. In addition, twelve related Division 4 rules were modified to

incorporate the GHS definitions and terminology.

The related rules include the Division 4 universal definitions; and standards for flammable liquids, fire

prevention, pipe labeling, and the storage of hazardous chemicals.

This rulemaking will improve safety for agricultural workplaces by focusing on the hazard

communication requirements pertaining to users of hazardous chemicals (as opposed to those for

manufacturers, importers, and distributors.) These revisions will simplify compliance by establishing a

uniform flow of information about chemical hazards in Oregon OSHA’s Division 4 rules.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 3-2014, adopted and effective August 8, 2014.

Note 26: Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division (Oregon OSHA) administers and enforces

the employee safety and health part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s pesticide

Worker Protection Standard (WPS) as adopted in Division 4/ Agriculture as adopted at OAR 437-004-

6000. The standard aims to protect workers – those who work in pesticide-treated crop areas – and

handlers – those who mix, load, and apply pesticides. EPA modified the WPS at the federal level (40

CFR 170) in the November 2, 2015 Federal Register. In response, Oregon OSHA initiated the rule-

making process working with an advisory committee – including representatives of labor, employers,

grower organizations, and government and nonprofit agencies, and other stakeholders – and

reviewed extensive public comments received both orally at three public hearings held around the

state, and in written format following formal proposal in late 2016.

Oregon OSHA is adopting most of the modified rules initiated by the EPA as well as several Oregon-

initiated rules introduced to reflect the unique circumstances for employers in Oregon. The agency will

continue to enforce the existing WPS through the end of 2017.

The rule changes are expected to lead to an overall reduction in incidents of unsafe pesticide

exposure and to improve the occupational health of agricultural workers and pesticide handlers.

The adopted OARs:

• 437-004-6001 gives expiration and implementation dates for the existing and revised rules.

The rules codified in Division 4/W as 170.1 through 170.260 will remain in effect through

2017, and expire on 12/31/2017. The new rules, codified as 170.301 through 170.607, and

the other five new OARs will be implemented beginning on January 1, 2018.

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• 437-004-6401 and 437-004-6501 provide specific effective dates for the revised subject

matter to be included in training programs for both workers and handlers. In addition, the

requirements for crop advisor training programs necessary to exempt workers and

handlers from WPS training is cross-referenced to the minimum subject matter in these

OARs.

• 437-004-6508 Respiratory Protection and 437-004-6509 Emergency eye-washes and eye

flushing supplies maintain Oregon OSHA’s more protective requirements related to

respiratory protection and emergency eye-washes while fulfilling the EPA’s pesticide label

requirements.

• 437-004-6502 augments training requirements in Oregon for trainers of WPS handlers who

use the Train-the-Trainer qualification described in 170.501(c)(4)(ii) of the WPS. The

adopted rule does not apply to trainers of WPS handlers who meet the qualification as

certified applicators described in 170.501(c)(4)(iii).

The agency will reconsider some details of the 2016 WPS proposal through a separate public

rulemaking process centered on the Application Exclusion Zone (AEZ.) To give more time to fine-tune

those provisions and to ease the transition to the modified rule requirements, Oregon OSHA is

delaying implementation of the modified standard until Jan. 1, 2018. The expected result will be a

revised proposal initiated in 2017, in time for it to take effect with the other modified sections of the

WPS on Jan. 1, 2018.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 1-2017, adopted February 14, 2017 and effective

January 1, 2018.

Note 27: Oregon OSHA administers and enforces the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA)

pesticide Worker Protection Standard (WPS) as adopted in Division 4/W (Agriculture/Worker

Protection Standard), OAR 437-004-6000. Oregon OSHA has adopted two new Oregon

Administrative Rules (OARs) that reflect specific requirements for employers in Oregon.

These rules complement and complete the changes adopted by Oregon OSHA on February 14th,

2017 on the amended Worker Protection Standard adopted by the EPA in the November 2, 2015

Federal Register. The rules, which exceed federal requirements, take effect January 1 ,2019.

The new OARs:

OAR 437-004-6405:

Restrictions associated with outdoor production pesticide applications(which replaces 170.405(a), is a

new rule that describes the Application Exclusion Zone requirements (AEZ) including how employers

ensure enclosed agricultural structures are closed properly, must provide instruction and information,

and a decision matrix that navigates the rule requirements.

OAR 437-004-6406:

Agriculture

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Pesticide spray drift and innovative methods is a new rule that describes that if issues relating to

spray drift occur, then the employer is responsible for addressing those issues, and how drift

reduction technologies can be used to gain approval for innovative methods through the variance

process.

The WPS rules are also referenced, in Division 2, General Industry, at OAR 437-002-0170; and in

Division 7, Forest Activities, at OAR 437-007-0010.

Pesticides, although a clear necessity in many workplaces, also represent varying levels of risks to

workers and others (depending on both the particular pesticide used and the circumstances of the

application). The Worker Protection Standard, taken as a whole, provides a number of important

protective measures to reduce those risks. However, the risk of unintended exposures due to what is

typically referred to as unintended “drift” can create exposure to workers outside the intended

application area. In the case of worker housing, that exposure can also involve the workers’ family

members. The provisions of this proposed rule – as was true of the original EPA rule addressing

AEZs – are intended to address that potential by providing an added measure of protection against

unintended and unanticipated exposures outside of the locations where pesticides are intended to be

applied. The AEZ surrounds and moves with spray equipment, beyond the safeguards enforced with

respect to the treated area, must be free of all people other than appropriately trained and equipped

pesticide handlers. The rule changes are expected to lead to an overall reduction in incidents of

unsafe pesticide exposure and to improve the occupational health of agricultural workers and

pesticide handlers.

Oregon OSHA held five hearings in multiple locations on these proposed rules. The division received

938 written comments during the extended comment period and over 100 oral comments at these

hearings. These comments were vast and diverse, and all were considered by Oregon OSHA before

the division adopted the rules as filed. Oregon OSHA published a summary of comments and agency

decisions document on its website for viewing.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 2-2018, adopted June 29, 2018 and effective January

1, 2019.

Note 28: This rulemaking is to keep Oregon OSHA in harmony with recent changes to federal

OSHA’s standards.

On September 26, 2019, federal OSHA adopted final rules for adding two additional PortaCount®

quantitative fit testing protocols to its Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134, Appendix

A). These new protocols are: the modified ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (MCNC)

quantitative fit testing protocol for full-facepiece and half-mask elastomeric respirators (MCNC-ER);

and the modified ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter quantitative fit testing protocol for

filtering facepiece respirators (MCNC-FFR). Both protocols (MCNC-ER and MCNC-FFR), are

abbreviated variations of the current federal OSHA-accepted ambient aerosol condensation nuclei

counter (CNC) quantitative fit testing protocol (also referred to as the PortaCount® protocol).

However, both new protocols differ from the original PortaCount® method by exercise sets, exercise

durations, and sampling sequence.

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For Oregon OSHA’s rulemaking purposes, these protocols will serve as alternatives to the four

existing quantitative fit testing protocols already listed in Appendix A of the Respiratory Protection

Standard and will maintain safety and health protections for workers while providing additional

flexibility and reducing compliance burdens for employers. Appendix A in the Respiratory Protection

Standard (29 CFR 1910.134) and Appendix A in OAR 437-004-1041 (Oregon OSHA’s agriculture

respiratory protection standard), are amended to include both the MCNC-ER and MCNC-FFR

protocols. These protocols cover and will be available to employers in general industry, construction,

and agriculture (through amendment of 437-004-1041 to include these additions).

Oregon OSHA also adopted the addition of the controlled negative pressure (CNP) REDON

quantitative fit testing protocol to Appendix A of OAR 437-004-1041. The Respiratory Protection

Standard (29 CFR 1910.134) already has the CNP REDON protocol listed as an option to general

industry and construction employers. This will improve compliance homogeneity between the

Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134) and OAR 437-004-1041, and provide each

employer group with the same quantitative fit testing protocol options.

One hearing was held on January, 7, 2020, at the Oregon OSHA Salem Field Office. There were no

public comments given at the hearing. The agency received two public comments during the comment

period, and at the end of the comment period decided to adopt the rulemaking changes as proposed.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 1-2020 adopted and effective February 13, 2020.

Note 29: This rule is needed to protect vulnerable workers in employer-provided labor housing from

the health risks created by the current COVID-19 public health emergency, especially those who

spend both their working and their off-work hours at the employer’s location. Oregon OSHA's

temporary rule: COVID-19 Public Health Emergency in Labor Housing and Agricultural Employment

(OAR 437-001-0749) expired on October 24, 2020. On October 23, 2020, Governor Brown issued an

Executive Order 20-58 extending employer-provided housing requirements (Section 2) of OAR 437-

001-0749. As the Governor’s Executive Order is set to expire, the public health emergency remains a

substantial concern in Oregon. As a result, it is necessary to extend the provisions from the Executive

Order with a permanent rule. The exposures created in the labor housing environment, particularly in

working situations requiring large numbers of workers, make these rules necessary to reduce risk to

individual workers. Many workers face unique challenges in situations where housing is provided as

part of the employment relationship. In consultation with stakeholders, Oregon OSHA modified some

requirements from the temporary rule in the proposed rule given more information concerning COVID-

19 transmission. Oregon OSHA indicated in the proposed rule that it will repeal this rule once it is no

longer necessary to address the COVID-19 pandemic in employer-provided labor housing.

Three public hearings were held in March 2021 where Oregon OSHA received oral testimony on the

proposed rule. The agency also received written comments on the rule from agricultural producers,

employer representatives and farmworker advocacy organizations. Generally, feedback from

advocacy organizations centered on ventilation, physical distancing, and sleeping density

requirements. Most employer feedback focused on the definition of household, sleeping density,

specifying an end date, and sanitation as well as questions about vaccination.

Agriculture

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2023 Division 4

Historical Notes

Div. 4 - 27

Historical Notes

Oregon OSHA, based on the comments received, made adjustments to the proposed OAR 437-004-

1115. Notable changes to the proposed rule include a change to the definition of household and

timeframe for repeal.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 1-2021, adopted and effective April 30, 2021.

Agriculture

Division 4 AO 2-2023 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Historical Notes

Div. 4 - 28

Historical Notes

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

APPLICATION / SCOPE

437-004-0001 A-1 437-004-0002

437-004-0001 Application.

Everything in this standard is the responsibility of the employer. It is the responsibility of the

employer to assure that their workers, facilities and equipment comply with this standard.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0002 Scope.

Standard Industrial Classifications – Division 004, Agriculture, applies only to employers

with the following Standard Industrial Classifications (SIC) or North American Industrial

Classification system (NAICS) codes.

NOTE: If you don’t know your code, contact your Workers’ Compensation Insurance carrier.

SIC NAICS

01 111 All Groups

02 112 All Groups

0711 115112 Soil Preparation Services

0721 115112 Crop Planting, Cultivating, and Protection

0722 115113 Crop Harvesting, Primarily by Machine

0723 115114 Crop Preparation Services for Market: Except Cotton Ginning

Note: SIC 0723 (NAICS 115114), Division 4, Agriculture covers

growers who:

 Buy farm products for resale to the general public. These

products may be cleaned, sorted, graded, dried whole, bagged

or packaged, but are not processed. Examples of processing

include cutting, canning, freezing, pasteurizing and

homogenizing.

 Grow 51 percent or more of the sold crops themselves, but

also buy farm products for resale to anyone other than the

general public. These products may be cleaned, sorted,

graded, dried whole, bagged, or packaged, but are not

processed. Examples of processing include cutting, canning,

freezing, pasteurizing and homogenizing.

0761 115115 Farm Labor Contractors and Crew Leaders

0762 115116 Farm Management Services

0811 111421 Christmas Tree Growing and Harvest

0831 113210 Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products

Note: Division 4, Agriculture, covers forest nursery employers growing:

 Seedlings for reforestation.

 Trees for purposes other than lumber, pulp, or other wood

products.

SCOPE / EXCLUSIVE COVERAGE /

ACCESS TO EMPLOYEE EXPOSURE

& MEDICAL RECORDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0002 A-2 437-004-0005

Division 7, Forest Activities, covers employers:

 Growing trees for lumber, pulp, or other wood products.

 Gathering seeds, needles, bark, and other secondary forest

products.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2010, f. 7/8/10, ef. 1/1/11.

437-004-0003 Exclusive Coverage.

Division 4, Agriculture, and parts of Division 1, General Administrative Rules, are the only

Oregon OSHA standards that apply to employers in 437-004-0002. Employers in 437-004-

0002 will not be cited from standards in Division 2 or Division 3, Construction, unless Division

4 states they are applicable.

The following parts of Division 1 DO NOT apply to Agriculture. This division has language

covering their subjects.

437-001-0760 Rules for all Workplaces. 437-004-0099 General Standards applies

instead.

437-001-0765 Safety Committees and Safety Meetings. 437-004-0251 Safety

Committees and Safety Meetings applies instead.

NOTE: ORS 654 (The Oregon Safe Employment Act) and specifically 654.010, commonly referred to

as the General Duty Clause, applies to all places of employment in Oregon.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f. 8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2010, f. 7/8/10, ef. 1/1/11.

437-004-0005 Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records.

For agricultural employers, OAR 437-002-1910.1020 applies.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL STANDARDS

437-004-0099 A-3 (1)(a) – (2)(d) Note

437-004-0099 General Standards.

(1) Miscellaneous.

(a) Conspicuously post warning signs, danger signs, warning flags, warning lights, or

similar devices where hazards not otherwise adequately guarded warrant their use.

(b) Keep all safeguards or devices operating properly and fully effective at providing the

protection originally intended.

or excavations made in places accessible to workers or vehicles.

(d) Do not allow the use of intoxicating liquor or drugs on the job. Do not allow anyone to

work with impaired ability to work safely.

(e) Do not allow horseplay, scuffling, practical jokes or any other similar activity.

(2) Supervision and competency.

(a) Require employees to demonstrate their ability to work safely.

(b) Provide enough supervision over employees to ensure and enforce compliance with

safe operating procedures and practices.

NOTE: It is not the meaning of this rule to require a supervisor on every part of any operation, nor

to prohibit workers from working alone.

(A) To work and act in a safe and healthful manner;

(B) To work in compliance with all applicable safety and health rules;

guardrails, machine guards, safety belts and lifelines, necessary to work safely where

employees are exposed to a hazard;

(D) Not to remove, displace, damage, destroy or carry off any safety device, guard,

notice or warning provided for use in any employment or place of employment where

safety and health rules require such use.

(d) Use a procedure, appropriate for the work, to check on the well-being of workers

whose duties require them to work alone or in isolation. Instruct all workers about the

procedure.

NOTE: A two-way system of signals, thoroughly understood by both parties or other form of two-

way communication is acceptable. Motor noise is not acceptable as contact or as an indication of

well-being.

GENERAL STANDARDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2)(e) – (6)(a)(B) A-4 437-004-0099

(e) Employers must provide all health hazard control measures necessary to protect the

employees' health from harmful or hazardous conditions and must maintain those control

measures in good working order and assure their use.

(f) Employers must inform their employees about the known health hazards to which they

are exposed, the measures taken for the prevention and control of those hazards, and

the proper methods for using the control measures.

(3) Inspections. A competent person or persons must inspect every place of employment at

least quarterly. OAR 437-004-0251 has other requirements related to these inspections.

(4) Investigations.

(a) The employer must investigate every work-related lost time injury. The object of the

investigation is to determine how to prevent recurrence. OAR 437-004-0251 has other

requirements related to these investigations.

NOTE: As mentioned above, “lost time injury” is the same as the ORS 656.005(7)(c) definition

of “disabling compensable injury.” That is: an injury that entitles the worker to compensation for

disability or death. To fall into this category the employee must miss three consecutive calendar

days beginning with the day the worker first loses time or wages from work as a result of the

compensable injury. This includes weekends and holidays when they might normally be off.

(b) At the request of authorized OR-OSHA representatives, you or your superintendents,

supervisors and employees must furnish all evidence and names of known witnesses to

an accident.

authorized duties, and are always responsible for:

(A) The safe performance of the work under their supervision; and

(B) The safe conduct of the crew under their supervision; and

(5) Extraordinary hazards. When conditions arise that cause unusual or extraordinary

hazards to workers, take additional means and precautions to protect workers or to control

the hazardous exposure. If you cannot make the operation reasonably safe, stop work while

the abnormal conditions exist or until the work is safe.

(6) Signals and signal systems.

(a) Give control signals by only one person at a time.

(A) When given, make signals clear and distinct.

(B) The person receiving the signals must understand their meaning before taking

action.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL STANDARDS

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-0099 A-5 (6)(b) – Note

(b) Act immediately on emergency stop signals from whatever source.

metal objects, etc., as a signal.

(d) Do not give signals for the movement of materials or equipment until all persons who

might be in danger by the movement are in the clear.

Employment of Minors

NOTE: Information on current regulations about the employment of minors is available from the

local office of the Oregon Bureau of Labor and Industries, or by writing to: Wage and Hour

Division, Oregon Bureau of Labor, 800 NE Oregon Street, Suite 1045, Portland, OR 97232.

Phone: 971-673-0761. Fax: 971-673-0769.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2010, f. 7/8/10, ef. 1/1/11.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

A-6

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

DEFINITIONS

Subdivision B B-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0100 Universal Definitions ............................................................................... B-1

437-004-0150 Standards Organizations ........................................................................ B-7

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

B-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

UNIVERSAL DEFINITIONS

437-004-0100 B-1 (1)

437-004-0100 Universal Definitions.

(1) These definitions apply throughout Division 4, Agriculture, except that the definitions in

Subdivision 4/W, adopted from 40 CFR 170, Worker Protection Standard, apply to the rules

within that Subdivision.

Accepted – Something is accepted if:

(A) A nationally recognized testing laboratory has inspected it and found it to

conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes; or

(B) It is verified by design, evaluation, or inspection by a registered professional

engineer; or

organization that is responsible for approving specific equipment, materials,

installations, or procedures. (Examples of such authorities include the U.S.

Department of Transportation, the U.S. Coast Guard, the Oregon Building Codes

Division, and the Office of the State Fire Marshal.)

Agricultural employer – means any person, corporation, association, or other legal

entity who meets the definition of an employer in ORS 654.005(5) and who:

(A) Owns or operates an agricultural establishment; or

(B) Recruits and supervises employees who work for an agricultural establishment;

control over the production on, an agricultural establishment.

Agricultural establishment – means a farm, ranch, nursery, greenhouse, or production

facility that is a place of employment and is engaged in the activities described in

Division 4/A, 437-004-0002 Scope.

Approved – means acceptable for the purposes of rule compliance, under the following

criteria:

(A) It is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled or otherwise determined to be safe

by a nationally recognized testing laboratory; or

(B) If an installation or equipment is of a kind which no nationally recognized testing

laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels, or determines to be safe, it has been

inspected or tested by another authority having jurisdiction and found to be in

compliance with the provisions of the applicable code; or

for a certain intended use by its manufacturer. The employer must keep and make

available the test data that is used as the basis of this approval, for inspection.

UNIVERSAL DEFINITIONS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1) B-2 437-004-0150

Boiling point – The temperature at which the liquid form of a substance changes into a

vapor, at a standard atmospheric pressure. The initial boiling point of a substance is

determined according to test methods specified in Appendix B to Division 2/Z,

1910.1200, Hazard Communication Standard.

CAS – is the Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number, a unique numerical identifier

assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service to every chemical described in the open

scientific literature.

Capacity – is the maximum load or severity of service (determined by the manufacturer

or a qualified engineer) that a tool, machine, equipment, structure, or material is

expected to withstand without failure, deformation, separation or fracture.

Certified – is something that:

(A) Was tested and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to meet

nationally recognized standards or to be safe for use in a specified manner, or

(B) Is of a kind whose production is periodically inspected by a nationally recognized

testing laboratory, and

Combustible – A substance or material that is able or likely to catch fire and burn.

Combustible liquid – The “combustible liquid” classification is no longer used in

Division 4 rules because it was eliminated by the globally harmonized classification and

labeling system (GHS) adopted in OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard. Any liquid

with a flash point of 199.4°F (93 degrees C.) or less is considered to be one of the four

categories of flammable liquids. (See “Flammable liquids,” below.)

NOTE: The term “combustible liquid” is still used by the National Fire Protection Association

(NFPA) system of classification and by the Oregon State Fire Marshal to classify liquids that

will burn but do not ignite as easily as flammable liquids. The NFPA system defines some

chemicals as “combustible liquids” that would be included as a category of “flammable

liquid” in the OSHA/GHS classification system. (See Appendix A to Subdivision 4/H, 437-

004-0720 Flammable Liquids, for a comparison of the GHS and NFPA systems of

classification of flammable/combustible liquids.)

Competent person – is a person who, because of training and experience, can identify

existing and predictable hazards in equipment, material, conditions or practices; and,

who has the knowledge and authority to take corrective steps.

Explosive – something capable of causing damage to the surroundings by chemical

reaction. Explosives are defined in Appendix B to 1910.1200 – Physical Hazard Criteria

at B.1 EXPLOSIVES.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

UNIVERSAL DEFINITIONS

437-004-0100 B-3 (1)

Farming – Is the production of agricultural field crops, tree crops; horticultural

specialties, greenhouse crops; and the production of livestock and animal specialties.

Farming includes farm labor and management services; agricultural services and

support activities (such as soil preparation; crop cultivation, protection, and harvesting;)

and, the basic preparation of the crop or commodity for market. The farming production

process is typically completed at the “farm gate” – that is, at the point of first sale or price

determination.

NOTE: Throughout this division, the term “farming,” “agriculture,” “production agriculture,” and

“agricultural operations” are synonymous.

Flammable – Capable of being easily ignited, burning intensely, or having a rapid rate of flame

spread. Flammable substances are defined in Appendix B to 1910.1200 – Physical Hazard

Criteria at B.2 FLAMMABLE GASES, B.3 FLAMMABLE AEROSOLS, B.6 FLAMMABLE

LIQUIDS, and B.7 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS.

Flammable liquids – are liquids having a flash point at or below 199.4 degrees F. (93

degrees C.) As defined in the globally harmonized system of classification and labeling

(GHS) adopted in OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard, flammable liquids are

divided into four categories as follows:

(A) Category 1 includes liquids that have a flashpoint below 73.4 degrees F. (23

degrees C.) and have a boiling point at or below 95 degrees F. (35 degrees C.)

(B) Category 2 includes liquids that have a flashpoint below 73.4 degrees F. (23

degrees C.) and have a boiling point above 95 degrees F. (35 degrees C.)

or above 73.4 degrees F. (23 degrees C.) to at or below 140 degrees F. (60 degrees

C.)

(D) Category 4 includes liquids that have a flashpoint in a temperature range from

above 140 degrees F. (60 degrees C.) to at or below 199.4 degrees F. (93 degrees

C.)

NOTE: Examples of some common flammable liquids are:

Category 1: Diethyl ether (solvent sometimes used in starting fluid).

Category 2: Gasoline (Benzene, Ethanol).

Category 3: Kerosene, Stoddard Solvent.

Category 4: Diesel fuel, Naphthalene.

Flashpoint – is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off vapor within a test

vessel in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of

the liquid, as determined by specific testing methods. These test methods are specified

in Appendix B to Division 2/Z, 1910.1200, Hazard Communication Standard.

Hazardous Chemical – is any chemical which is classified, under the requirements of

the Hazard Communication Standard, as a physical hazard or a health hazard, a simple

asphyxiant, combustible dust, pyrophoric gas, or hazard not otherwise classified.

UNIVERSAL DEFINITIONS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1) B-4 437-004-0150

NOTE: See Division 2/Z, 1910.1200 Hazard Communication Standard, for more information.

Ignition source – the origin of something that results in a fire or an explosion. Examples

include open flames; smoking; cutting and welding; hot surfaces and radiant heat;

frictional heat; static, electrical, and mechanical sparks; chemical and physical-chemical

reactions; spontaneous ignition; and lightning.

Labeled – Something is labeled if:

(A) It has an attached label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally

recognized testing laboratory that makes periodic inspections of the production of

such equipment; or

(B) The attached information indicates compliance with nationally recognized

standards or tests to determine safe use in a specified manner.

Listed – is something mentioned in a list that:

(A) Is published by a nationally recognized laboratory that makes periodic inspection

of the production of such equipment, and

(B) States such equipment meets nationally recognized standards or was tested and

found safe for use in a specified manner.

Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory – (NRTL) is defined in 1910.7 Definition

and Requirements for a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory and OAR 437-002-

0007 Oregon Rule on Testing and Certification Program. (Examples of organizations in

this category are Factory Mutual Engineering Corporation, and Underwriters’

Laboratories.)

Place of employment – is every place (fixed, movable or moving) where an employee

works or is intended to work. It includes every place where (either temporarily or

permanently) there is any activity related to an employer's business, including a labor

camp.

NOTE: “Place of employment” does not include a place where the only employment involves

nonsubject workers employed in or about a private home; or a farm where only the farm’s family

members are employed.

Qualified person – is a person who has a recognized degree, certification, professional

standing, knowledge, training or experience; and has successfully demonstrated the

ability to perform the work, or solve or resolve problems relating to the work, subject

matter, or project.

Reasonable means – is what a prudent person, familiar with the circumstances of the

industry would do to work in a safe and healthful manner.

Safeguard – is any form of safety device or equipment; personal protective equipment;

guard or barricade; warning device, sign, or method; or a process prescribed or adopted

for the protection of an employee.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

UNIVERSAL DEFINITIONS /

STANDARDS ORGANIZATION

437-004-0100(1) B-5 437-004-0150

Substantial – means constructed with sufficient strength or installed to provide ample

support to withstand loads to which the structure or device may be subjected.

Worker – is identical in every respect to “employee” as defined in ORS 654.005(4)

including:

(A) Any individual, including a minor, whether lawfully or unlawfully employed, who

engages to furnish services for a remuneration, financial or otherwise, subject to the

direction and control of an employer; and

(B) Any individual who is provided with workers’ compensation coverage as a subject

worker pursuant to ORS chapter 656, whether by operation of law or by election.

Workplace – See “Place of Employment,” above.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f. 8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

437-004-0150 Standards Organizations.

Division 4 references various standards from the following organizations. More

information is available from:

(ACGIH) American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

http://www.acgih.org/

1330 Kemper Meadow Drive

Cincinnati, Ohio 45240, USA

Customers/Members Phone: 513-742-2020

Fax: 513-742-3355

(ANSI) American National Standards Institute

http://www.ansi.org/

ANSI Standards Store

Customer Service Department

25 W 43rd St, 4th Floor

New York, NY 10036

Phone: (212) 642-4980

Fax: (212) 302-1286

(API) American Petroleum Institute

http://www.api.org/

1220 L Street, NW

Washington, DC 20005-4070

(202) 682-8000

STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

B-6 437-004-0150

(ASABE) American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers

http://www.asabe.org/standards.aspx

2950 Niles Rd

St. Joseph, MI 49085

Toll-Free: (800) 371-2723

Fax: (269) 429-3852

(ASHRAE) American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers

www.ashrae.org

ASHRAE Bookstore

http://www.techstreet.com/ashrae/index.html

3916 Ranchero Dr

Ann Arbor, MI 48108

Phone: (800) 699-9277

Fax: (734) 780-2046

(ASME) American Society of Mechanical Engineers

http://www.asme.org/

Two Park Avenue

New York, NY 10016-5990

Phone: (800) 843-2763

ASTM International

(Formerly American Society for Testing and Materials)

http://www.astm.org

Sales and Customer Support

PO Box C700

West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959

Phone: (877) 909-2786

(AWS) American Welding Society

http://www.aws.org

AWS Bookstore/Customer Service

13301 NW 47

Ave

Miami, FL 33054

Toll-free: 888-WELDING

Fax: (305) 826-6195

(CGA) Compressed Gas Association

http://www.cganet.com

Customer Service

14501 George Carter Way

Suite 103

Chantilly VA 20151

Phone: (703) 788-2700

Fax: (703) 961-1831

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS

437-004-0150 B-7

(CMAA) Crane Manufacturers Association of America

http://www.mhi.org/cmaa

8720 Red Oak Blvd

Suite 201

Charlotte, NC 28217

Phone: (704) 676-1190

Fax: (704) 676-1199

FM Global

(Formerly Factory Mutual Engineering Corporation)

www.fmglobal.com

Customer Service (Resource Catalog)

Phone: (877) 364-6726

(IAPMO) International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials

http://www.iapmo.org

4755 E Philadelphia St

Ontario, CA 91761

Phone: (909) 472-4100

Fax: (909) 472-4150

(NFPA) National Fire Protection Association

http://www.nfpa.org

1 Batterymarch Park

Quincy, MA 02169-7471

Customer Sales/Member Services

Phone: (800) 344-3555

Fax: (800) 593-6372

(NIOSH) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Clifton Rd. Atlanta

Atlanta, GA 30333

1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636)

(RMA) Rubber Manufacturers Association

http://www.rma.org/publications/

1400 K Street, NW, Suite 900

Washington, DC 20005

(202) 682-4800

SAE International

(Formerly Society of Automotive Engineers)

http://www.sae.org

400 Commonwealth Dr.

Warrendale, PA 15096

Phone: (877) 606-7323

Fax: (724) 776-0790

STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

B-8 437-004-0150

(UL) Underwriters Laboratories

www.ul.com/

333 Pfingsten Rd.

Northbrook, IL 60062

(847) 272-8800

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SAFETY AWARENESS

Subdivision C C-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0240 Safety Orientation for Seasonal ................................................................... C-1

437-004-0251 Safety Committees and Safety Meetings ..................................................... C-2

(1) Application .................................................................................................................. C-3

(2) General requirements ................................................................................................ C-3

(3) Safety committees ...................................................................................................... C-3

(4) Safety Meetings ......................................................................................................... C-5

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

C-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SAFETY ORIENTATION FOR

SEASONAL WORKERS

437-004-0240 C-1 (2)(b)

437-004-0240 Safety Orientation for Seasonal Workers.

Definitions:

Hand-labor operations (as defined in OAR 437-004-1110(3) and reprinted here for

ease of the reader) means agricultural activities or agricultural operations performed by

hand or with hand tools, including:

(A) Hand-cultivation, hand-weeding, hand-planting, and hand-harvesting of

vegetables, nuts, fruits, seedlings, or other crops (including mushrooms);

(B) Hand packing or sorting, whether done on the ground, on a moving machine, or

in a temporary packing shed in the field.

Seasonal workers are employed in a job tied to a certain time of year by an event or

pattern and for not more than 10 months in a calendar year.

Note: The following are only minimum requirements. Other parts of the agriculture standard require

training for certain types of work in addition to these general orientation requirements.

(1) Application: This applies to agricultural employers with seasonal workers.

(2) Basic Safety Awareness Requirements.

(a) You must provide seasonal workers with at least the following information:

 at their orientation meeting before beginning work for the first time, and;

 when work conditions or locations change in a way that could reasonably affect

their safety or health.

(A) Safety and health rules for their work.

(B) Procedures for workers to contact supervisors or managers in case of accident,

illness, or problems related to safety or health.

assistance.

(D) The location of posted safety and health information.

(b) If you have employees with language barriers, you must communicate safety

awareness information in a manner that workers can understand. Include content that is

either translated into the language used to hire and supervise these employees or that is

otherwise effectively conveyed, such as through visual media.

SAFETY ORIENTATION FOR SEASONAL

WORKERS / SAFETY COMMITTEES &

SAFETY MEETINGS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0240(2)(b) Note C-2 437-004-0251

NOTES: Division 4/Z, Hazard Communication, OAR 437-004-9800(7)(d), requires employers to

give a copy of the Oregon OSHA’s Safe Practices When Working Around Hazardous Agricultural

Chemicals (#1951) to every employee. This publication provides an outline of the information that

agricultural employers must provide during the initial training for workers under both the hazard

communication rules and the pesticide worker protection standard (WPS) as covered in Division

4/W, 170.130(c). Contact Oregon OSHA for copies of this publication and information about

available language formats.

You must provide the initial WPS training if pesticide products labeled with “agricultural use

requirements” have been used at the place of employment during the 30 days prior to the worker’s

first day of employment or will be used during the worker’s period of employment. Additional WPS

training requirements apply on the sixth day of employment, and in other work situations that fall

under the definition of “pesticide handler.” See Division 4/W for these additional training

requirements.

For seasonal workers doing hand-labor operations only, you must provide all of the following to

meet the initial training requirements under the WPS, this safety awareness orientation rule, and

the hazard communication rule.

 The training outlined in Safe Practices When Working Around Hazardous Agricultural

Chemicals publication.

 The basic safety awareness requirements information in OAR 437-004-0240.

 Access to material safety data sheet information for the hazardous chemicals to which they

reasonably may be exposed.

Stat. Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 2-1999, f. 4/30/99, ef. 4/30/99.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2010, f. 7/8/10, ef. 1/1/11.

437-004-0251 Safety Committees and Safety Meetings.

Definitions:

Management – includes all supervisors and persons who regularly exercise direction and

control over workers.

Workers – for the purposes of determining the need for a safety committee, include both full

and part-time employees.

Purpose. The purpose of safety committees and safety meetings is to bring workers and

management together in a non-adversarial, cooperative effort to promote safety and health in

each workplace. A safety committee assists the employer by establishing procedures,

performing inspections, evaluating safety and health programs, and recommending changes in

workplace conditions and practices. By participating in safety meetings, workers and

management work together to recognize hazards and to make safety and health improvements

at the workplace.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SAFETY COMMITTEES &

SAFETY MEETINGS

437-004-0251 C-3 (1) – (3)(b)(B)

(1) Application: This applies to agriculture employers with workers other than seasonal

workers covered in OAR 437-004-0240.

(2) General Requirements.

(a) You must either have an effective safety committee or hold effective safety meetings.

(See Table 1.)

(b) If you have employees with language barriers, you must communicate safety

awareness information in a manner that workers can understand. Include content that is

either translated into the language used to hire and supervise these employees or that is

otherwise effectively conveyed, such as through visual media.

number of employees that you direct and control.

NOTE: Nothing in these rules prevents you from having seasonal workers attend safety

meetings.

Table 1

IF:

You can have a

safety committee

You can have safety

meetings instead of a

committee

You have 10 or fewer workers at a location

Yes

You have more than 10 workers at a location

Yes

You have satellite or auxiliary worksites with

10 or fewer workers at each location

Yes

(3) Safety Committees.

(a) Management’s Duties.

(A) Pay members at their regular rate of pay for attending the meetings, trainings,

inspections, and other functions required by this rule.

(B) Provide committee members with timely access to these rules (OAR 437-004-

0251) and to all Oregon OSHA standards that apply to their work.

(b) Effective Safety Committees. You must ensure that the committee produces at least

the following results:

(A) Employees are aware of the committee, who is on it, when it meets and how

information is shared between management and workers.

(B) Employees are aware of their right to have their safety and health concerns heard

by the committee.

SAFETY COMMITTEES &

SAFETY MEETINGS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(b)(C) – (3)(e)(C) C-4 437-004-0251

concerns, incidents, and accidents.

all of the following apply:

(A) You have more than one geographic employment location.

(B) The locations are close enough to ensure that a joint committee meets the

requirements in OAR 437-004-0251(3)(b), Effective Safety Committees.

at all locations.

(d) Membership and Training.

(A) Have at least two members on your committee if you have 20 or fewer workers.

Have at least four members if you have more than 20 workers. Members should

represent the major activities of your business.

(B) Have an equal number of employer-selected members and worker-elected or

volunteer members. If both parties agree, the committee may have more worker-

elected or volunteer members.

NOTE: Management can select a supervisor or other employee to represent them. Workers

can volunteer or elect any peer as a representative.

identification, and in the principles of accident investigation.

NOTE: Oregon OSHA provides no-cost, safety committee-related training available through

the web site at www.orosha.org/education.html.

(D) Have members serve a minimum of one year, when possible.

(E) Have a majority agree on a chairperson.

(e) Safety Committee Functions. Ensure that the committee does all of the following:

(A) Meets at least monthly, except in those months when quarterly inspections occur.

(B) Establishes procedures for doing the quarterly safety and health inspections

required by OAR 437-004-0099(3). Persons performing inspections must be trained

in hazard identification.

recommendations to eliminate identified hazards.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SAFETY COMMITTEES &

SAFETY MEETINGS

437-004-0251 C-5 (3)(e)(D) – (4)(b)

(D) Works with management to establish procedures for investigating all safety

incidents, accidents, work-related illnesses, and fatalities. Persons investigating

these events must be trained in the principles of accident investigation.

NOTE: OAR 437-004-0099(4) requires agricultural employers to investigate every work-

related lost-time injury.

(E) Evaluates all investigation reports and makes recommendations for ways to

prevent recurrence.

(F) Sets guidelines for the training of safety committee members.

(G) Evaluates the accident and illness prevention programs at the workplace.

(f) Safety Committee Records.

(A) Ensure that records have at least the following information.

(i) Meeting date.

(ii) Names of those attending.

(iii) All reports, inspections, evaluations, recommendations, management

responses, and other safety and health-related items brought before the

committee.

(iv) The date that management agrees to respond to specific recommendations.

(B) Make these records available to all employees and to Oregon OSHA

representatives, upon request.

(4) Safety Meetings.

(a) Effective Safety Meetings. You must ensure that safety meetings produce at least

the following results:

(A) Employees are aware of safety meetings, when and where they are held, and

how information is shared between management and workers.

(B) Employees know that they have a right to have their safety and health concerns

heard and questions answered at safety meetings.

concerns, incidents, and accidents.

(b) Meeting Requirements. Safety meetings must have all of the following

characteristics:

SAFETY COMMITTEES &

SAFETY MEETINGS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(4)(b)(A) – (4)(d)(C) Note C-6 437-004-0251

(A) Include all available employees.

(B) Include at least one employer representative.

NOTE: If you have questions about this, contact the Oregon Bureau of Labor and Industries.

(D) Occur at least monthly.

(A) Information about safety and health issues relevant to the workplace.

(B) Reports from quarterly workplace safety inspections and from investigations of

any work-related, time-lost injuries, including suggested corrective measures.

NOTE: OAR 437-004-0099(3) requires a competent person to inspect the agricultural

workplace at least quarterly. OAR 437-004-0099(4) requires agricultural employers to

investigate every work-related lost-time injury. See Division 4/A for details.

concerns, and make suggestions.

(D) Information that is presented in a manner that can be understood by all

employees.

(d) Meeting Records.

(A) Meeting notes must include the following information:

(i) Meeting date.

(ii) Names of those attending.

(iii) Topics discussed.

(B) Keep the records for at least 3 years.

representatives, upon request.

NOTE: If all your employees attend a safety meeting, you are only required to record the

meeting date and a list of the employees attending.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2010, f. 7/8/10, ef. 1/1/11.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

WORK SURFACES

Subdivision D D-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0310 Working Surfaces .................................................................................... D-1

(1) Scope ....................................................................................................................... D-1

(2) Housekeeping .......................................................................................................... D-1

(3) Aisles, walkways, inclines and passageways ......................................................... D-1

(4) Covers and guardrails ............................................................................................. D-1

(5) Surface loads ........................................................................................................... D-1

(6) Barriers .................................................................................................................... D-1

(7) Vertical clearances .................................................................................................. D-1

(8) Working above other workers ................................................................................. D-2

437-004-0320 Guarding Floor and Wall Openings and Holes ....................................... D-2

(1) Definitions ................................................................................................................ D-2

(2) Floor openings and floor holes ................................................................................ D-3

(3) Wall openings and holes ......................................................................................... D-4

(4) Open-sided floors, platforms, and runways ............................................................. D-4

(5) Stairway railings and guards ................................................................................... D-5

(6) Railing, toeboards, and cover specifications ........................................................... D-6

437-004-0330 Fixed Industrial Stairs .............................................................................. D-8

(1) Definitions ................................................................................................................ D-8

(2) Application ............................................................................................................... D-9

(3) Where fixed stairs are required ............................................................................... D-9

(4) Stair strength ........................................................................................................... D-9

(5) Stair width ................................................................................................................ D-9

(6) Angle of stairway rise............................................................................................. D-10

(7) Stair treads ............................................................................................................ D-10

(8) Stairway platforms ................................................................................................. D-10

(9) Railings and handrails ........................................................................................... D-10

(10) Vertical clearance ................................................................................................ D-10

437-004-0340 Portable Ladders ................................................................................... D-11

(1) Definitions .............................................................................................................. D-11

(2) Application ............................................................................................................. D-12

(3) Ladder selection .................................................................................................... D-12

(4) Condition of wood ladders ..................................................................................... D-12

(5) General requirements – all ladders ....................................................................... D-12

(6) General requirements – portable stepladders ....................................................... D-13

(7) Use – all ladders .................................................................................................... D-13

(8) Use of specific types of ladders............................................................................. D-14

WORK SURFACES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

Table of Contents D-ii Subdivision D

437-004-0350 Orchard Ladders ................................................................................... D-17

(1) Application ............................................................................................................. D-17

(2) Maintenance .......................................................................................................... D-17

(3) Training .................................................................................................................. D-17

(4) Use and care ......................................................................................................... D-17

437-004-0360 Fixed Ladders ........................................................................................ D-18

(1) Definitions .............................................................................................................. D-18

(2) Design requirements ............................................................................................. D-19

(3) Specific features .................................................................................................... D-20

(4) Clearance .............................................................................................................. D-21

(5) Special requirements ............................................................................................. D-24

(6) Pitch ....................................................................................................................... D-28

(7) Maintenance .......................................................................................................... D-28

437-004-0370 Scaffolding ............................................................................................. D-29

(1) Scope ..................................................................................................................... D-29

(2) Definitions .............................................................................................................. D-29

(3) General requirements for all scaffolds .................................................................. D-30

(4) General requirements for wood pole scaffolds ..................................................... D-31

(5) Tubular welded frame scaffolds ............................................................................ D-35

(6) Boatswain’s chairs ................................................................................................. D-36

(7) Horse scaffolds ...................................................................................................... D-37

(8) Ladder-jack scaffolds ............................................................................................ D-37

(9) Roofing brackets .................................................................................................... D-38

(10) Crawling boards or chicken ladders .................................................................... D-38

(11) Manually propelled mobile scaffolds ................................................................... D-38

437-004-0380 Manually Propelled Mobile Ladder Stands and Scaffolds (Towers) ..... D-39

437-004-0390 Other Working Surfaces ........................................................................ D-40

(1) Dockboards (bridge plates) ................................................................................... D-40

(2) Floors ..................................................................................................................... D-40

(3) Ramps and runways .............................................................................................. D-40

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

WORKING SURFACES

437-004-0310 D-1 (1) – (7)

437-004-0310 Working Surfaces.

(1) Scope. This section applies to all places of agricultural employment. Measures to

control toxic materials are outside the scope of this section.

(2) Housekeeping. Floors, work areas, aisles and passageways must be in good repair and

must not have protruding nails, unevenness, obstructions, debris or loose boards that create

a hazard.

(3) Aisles, walkways, inclines and passageways.

(a) There must be sufficient clearance for safe operation of mechanical handling

equipment in aisles, at loading docks, through doorways and at turns. Aisles and

passage- ways must be clear and in good repair with no obstructions that could be a

hazard.

(b) Mark permanent aisles and passageways.

less than 22 inches wide. Passageways more than 4 feet above the ground or floor level

must have standard guardrails.

(d) Fixed inclined walkways must be at least 22 inches wide, incline at no more than

24 degrees and be securely fastened at the top and bottom. They must have guardrails

on each open side.

(e) Inclined walkways that may be slippery must have anti-slip surfaces or cleats secured

at uniform intervals of not more than 18 inches, and extending the full width of the

walkway.

(f) Inclines from floor to floor, without open sides, used instead of stairways must have

standard handrails according to the requirements for stairways.

(g) Ramps for wheelbarrows, if made of planking, must have an odd number of planks

with no cleats on the center plank.

(4) Covers and guardrails. There must be covers and/or guardrails on each open side to

protect people from the hazards of open pits, tanks, vats, excavations, etc.

(5) Surface loads. For all new and remodel construction after December 1, 1997, post the

load capacities on overhead storage areas. Do not allow overloading.

(6) Barriers. There must be protective barriers or suitable guards for uncovered openings or

excavations that are accessible to vehicle or pedestrian traffic. Use warning lights or flares if

working at night.

(7) Vertical clearances. There must be a vertical clearance of at least 6 1/2 feet over work

areas. Where it is impractical to provide this clearance, use padding, contrasting paint or

similar warnings on overhead obstructions.

WORKING SURFACES / GUARDING

FLOOR & WALL OPENINGS & HOLES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0310(7) Note D-2 437-004-0320(1)

NOTE: This does not apply to crop storage areas where people are there for short periods.

(8) Working above other workers. Areas above other workers, for handling or mixing

acids, caustics, or other harmful materials must have water-tight floors that drain to a safe

location, except where workers underneath wear personal protective equipment suitable for

the hazard.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0320 Guarding Floor and Wall Openings and Holes.

(1) Definitions. Unless otherwise stated, these terms mean:

Floor hole. An opening less than 12 inches but more than 1-inch in its least dimension,

in any walking surface, through which materials but not persons may fall. This includes

belt holes, pipe openings, or slot openings.

Floor opening. An opening 12 inches or more in its least dimension, in any walking

surface through which persons may fall including hatchways, stairs or ladder openings,

pits, or large manholes. Floor openings occupied by elevators, dumb waiters, conveyors,

machinery, or containers are excluded from this subdivision.

Handrail. A single bar or pipe supported on brackets from a wall or partition, and used

as a handhold for persons on stairs or ramps.

Platform. An elevated work space, such as a balcony or mezzanine for the operation of

machinery and equipment.

Runway. An elevated passageway, such as a footwalk along shafting or a walkway

between buildings.

Stair railing. A vertical barrier along exposed sides of a stairway to prevent people from

falling.

Standard railing. A vertical barrier along exposed edges of a floor opening, wall

opening, ramp, platform, or runway to prevent people from falling.

Standard strength and construction. Any construction of railings, covers, or other

guards that meets the requirements of OAR 437-004-0320(6).

Toeboard. A vertical barrier at floor level along exposed edges of a floor opening, wall

opening, platform, runway, or ramp to prevent things from falling.

Wall hole. An opening less than 30 inches but more than 1-inch high, of unrestricted

width, in any wall or partition; such as a ventilation hole.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING FLOOR & WALL

OPENINGS & HOLES

437-004-0320 D-3 (1) – (2)(h)(A)

Wall opening. An opening at least 30 inches high and 18 inches wide, in any wall or

partition, through which persons may fall; such as a window, doorway or chute opening.

(2) Floor openings and floor holes.

(a) Stairway floor openings must have a standard railing that complies with OAR 437-

004-0320(6), on all exposed sides (except at entrance to the stairway). For infrequently

used stairways where traffic across the opening prevents the use of a fixed standard

railing, the guard must be a hinged floor opening cover of sufficient strength and

removable standard railings on all exposed sides (except at entrance to the stairway).

(b) Ladder way floor openings or platforms must have a standard railing with standard

toeboard on all exposed sides (except at entrance to opening). The passage through the

railing must either have a swinging gate or be offset so that a person cannot walk directly

into the opening.

(A) Hinged floor opening cover with standard railings. When the opening is not in

use, close the cover or guard the exposed sides at both top and intermediate

positions by removable standard railings.

(B) A removable railing with toeboard on not more than two sides of the opening and

fixed standard railings with toeboards on all other exposed sides. The removable

railings must be in place when the opening is not in use.

or chute opening, protection must prevent a person from falling through the opening.

(d) Skylight floor openings and holes must have a standard skylight screen or a fixed

standard railing on all exposed sides.

(e) Pit and trapdoor floor openings must have a floor opening cover of sufficient strength.

While the cover is not on, an attendant must be at the pit or trap opening or there must

be removable standard railings on all sides.

(f) Manhole floor openings must have a standard manhole cover that need not be hinged

in place. While the cover is off, there must be an attendant at the manhole opening or it

must have removable standard railings.

(g) Temporary floor openings must have standard railings, or an attendant on open

sides.

(h) Floor holes into which persons can accidentally walk must have either:

(A) A standard railing with standard toeboard on all exposed sides, or

GUARDING FLOOR & WALL

OPENINGS & HOLES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2)(h)(B) – (4)(a) D-4 437-004-0320

(B) A floor hole cover of sufficient strength. While the cover is off, the floor hole must

have an attendant or a removable standard railing.

(i) Floor holes into which persons cannot accidentally walk must have a cover that leaves

no openings more than 1-inch wide. The cover must be securely held in place to prevent

tools or materials from falling through.

(j) Where doors or gates open directly on a stairway, there must be a platform, and the

swing of the door must not reduce the effective length to less than 20 inches.

(3) Wall openings and holes.

(a) Wall openings with a drop of more than 4 feet must have one of the following:

(A) Rail, roller, picket fence, half door, or equivalent barrier. Where there is exposure

below to falling materials, there must be a toe board or the equivalent. When the

opening is not in use for handling materials, the guard must be in position regardless

of a door on the opening. In addition, there must be a grab handle on each side of

the opening with its center about 4 feet above floor level and of standard strength and

mounting.

(B) Extension platform to receive hoisted materials for handling. It must have side

rails or equivalent guards of standard specifications.

(b) Chute wall openings with a drop of more than 4 feet must have one or more of the

barriers in (3)(a) above or as required by the conditions.

opening is less than 3 feet above the floor or platform, must have a guard of slats, grill

work (as in OAR 437-004-0320(6)(k)), or standard railing.

(d) Where the window opening is below the landing, or platform, there must be a

standard toeboard in addition to requirements in (c) above.

(e) Every temporary wall opening must have adequate guards but these need not be of

standard construction.

(f) Where there is a hazard of materials falling through a wall hole, and the lower edge of

the near side of the hole is less than 4 inches above the floor, and the far side of the hole

more than 5 feet above the next lower level, the hole must have a standard toeboard, or

a solid enclosing screen, or one as described in OAR 437-004-0320(6)(k).

(4) Open-sided floors, platforms, and runways.

(a) Open-sided floors or platforms 4 feet or more above adjacent floor or ground level

must have a standard railing (or the equivalent from OAR 437-004-0320(6)(c)) on all

open sides except where there is entrance to a ramp, stairway, or fixed ladder. The

railing must have a toeboard where, beneath the open sides:

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING FLOOR & WALL

OPENINGS & HOLES

437-004-0320 D-5 (4)(a)(A) – (5)(a)

(A) Persons can pass,

(B) There is moving machinery, or

When operating conditions make it necessary, the railing may be left off of one side if the

platform is at least 18 inches wide.

Exception: When things regularly have to be passed over the edge of the floor, as in hay stor

age, there is no requirement for the intermediate railing and toeboard. This exception applies

also where the railing is set back from the edge 12 inches or more. There is no requirement for

any railing when the employer can show that it creates a greater hazard than working without one.

(b) Runways must have a standard railing (or the equivalent from OAR 437-004-0320

(6)(c)) on all open sides 4 feet or more above floor or ground level. Where the use of

tools, machine parts, or materials on the runway is likely, there must be a toeboard on

each exposed side.

NOTE: Runways exclusively for special purposes may omit the railing on one side when

operating conditions make it necessary, if the runway is at least 18 inches wide. Where per-

sons entering runways have exposure to machinery, electrical equipment, or other dangers,

additional guarding may be required for protection.

adjacent to dangerous equipment must have a standard railing and toeboard on open

sides.

(5) Stairway railings and guards.

(a) Stairs with four or more risers must have standard stair railings or standard handrails

from (A) through (E) below. Measure the width of the stairs clear of all obstructions

except handrails:

Oregon Note: Count each vertical distance of the overall vertical height to determine the total

number of risers.

GUARDING FLOOR & WALL

OPENINGS & HOLES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(a)(A) – (6)(c)(D) D-6 437-004-0320

(A) On stairways less than 44 inches wide with both sides enclosed, at least one

handrail, preferably on the right side descending.

(B) On stairways less than 44 inches wide with one side open, at least one stair

railing on the open side.

each side.

(D) On stairways more than 44 inches wide but less than 88 inches wide, one

handrail on each enclosed side and one stair railing on each open side.

(E) On stairways 88 or more inches wide, one handrail on each enclosed side, one

stair railing on each open side, and one intermediate stair railing approximately

midway of the width.

(b) Winding stairs must have a handrail offset to prevent walking on any treads less than

6 inches wide.

(6) Railing, toeboards, and cover specifications.

(a) A standard railing must have a top rail, intermediate rail, and posts, and must be

between 36 and 44 inches high from the upper surface of the top rail to the walking

surface. The top rail must be smooth. The intermediate rail must be about halfway

between the top rail and the floor, platform, runway, or ramp. The ends of the rails

must not overhang the terminal posts except where such overhang is not a projection

hazard.

(b) A stair railing must be similar to a standard railing but the height must be between

30 and 36 inches from upper surface of top rail to surface of tread in line with face of the

riser at the forward edge of the tread.

(c)

(A) For wood railings, the posts must be at least 2-inch by 4-inch stock spaced not to

exceed 6 feet; the top and intermediate rails must be at least 2-inch by 4-inch stock.

If the top rail is made of two right-angle pieces of 1-inch by 4-inch stock, posts may

be spaced on 8-foot centers, with 2-inch by 4-inch intermediate rail.

(B) For pipe railings, posts and top and intermediate railings must be at least

1 1/2 inches nominal diameter with posts spaced not more than 8 feet on center.

by 2-inch by 3/8-inch angles or other metal shapes of equivalent bending strength

with posts spaced not more than 8 feet on center.

(D) The anchoring of posts and framing of members for railings of all types must

be strong enough that the completed structure can withstand a load of at least

200 pounds applied in any direction at any point on the top rail.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING FLOOR & WALL

OPENINGS & HOLES

437-004-0320 D-7 (6)(c)(E) – (6)(g)

(E) Other types, sizes, and arrangements of railing construction are acceptable if they

have:

(i) A smooth-surfaced top rail at a height above floor, platform, runway, or ramp

level of 42 inches nominal, and;

(ii) A strength to withstand at least the minimum requirement of 200 pounds top

rail pressure, and;

(iii) Protection between top rail and floor, platform, runway, ramp, or stair treads,

equivalent at least to that afforded by a standard intermediate rail.

(d) A standard toeboard must be 4 inches nominal in height from its top edge to the level

of the floor, platform, runway, or ramp. It must be securely fastened in place and with not

more than 1/4-inch clearance above floor level. It may be made of any strong material

either solid or with openings not more than 1-inch in greatest dimension.

Where material can fall through the space between the standard toeboard and midrail,

there must be paneling or screen from floor to the midrail. If material can fall through the

space between the midrail and top rail, there also must be paneling or screen there.

(e)

(A) A handrail must have a lengthwise member mounted directly on a wall or

partition. Mounting brackets must attach to the lower side of the handrail so that the

top and sides are smooth. The handrail must furnish an adequate handhold for

anyone grasping it to avoid falling.

(B) Handrails must be 30 to 34 inches in height from the upper surface of the

handrail to the surface of the tread in line with the face of the riser or to the surface of

the ramp.

must be at least 1 1/2 inches in diameter. Brackets must be long enough to give at

least 1 1/2 inches clearance between handrail and wall. Bracket spacing must be not

more than 8 feet.

(D) Handrails must be able to withstand a load of at least 200 pounds applied in any

direction at any point on the rail.

(f) All handrails and railings must have a clearance of at least 1 1/2 inches between the

handrail or railing and any other object.

(g) Floor opening covers may be of any material that meets the following strength

requirements:

GUARDING FLOOR & WALL

OPENINGS & HOLES / FIXED

INDUSTRIAL STAIRS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0320(6)(g)(A) D-8 437-004-0330(1)

(A) Trench or conduit covers and their supports must be able to stand a load of at

least 20,000 pounds if they are where vehicles can pass over them.

(B) Floor opening covers may be made of any material strong enough to handle the

load. Covers may project not more than 1-inch above the floor level if all edges are

beveled to an angle with the horizontal of not more than 30 degrees. All hinges,

handles, bolts, or other parts must be flush with the floor or cover surface.

(h) Skylight screens must be capable of withstanding a load of at least 200 pounds

applied perpendicularly on the screen. They must be strong enough that under ordinary

loads or impacts, they will not deflect downward sufficiently to break the glass below

them. Those with grillwork must have openings not more than 4 inches square. Those

of slatwork must have openings not more than 2 inches wide with length unrestricted.

(i) Wall opening barriers (rails, rollers, picket fences, and half doors) must be capable of

withstanding a load of at least 200 pounds applied in any direction (except upward) on

the top rail or corresponding member.

(j) Wall opening grab handles must be not less than 12 inches long and mounted to give

approximately 3 inches clearance from the side framing of the wall opening. The size,

material, and anchoring of the grab handle must be such that it can withstand a load of at

least 200 pounds applied in any direction.

(k) Wall opening screens must be able to withstand a load of at least 200 pounds applied

horizontally on the near side of the screen. They may be solid, grillwork with openings

not more than 8 inches long, or slatwork with openings not more than 4 inches wide with

length unrestricted.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0330 Fixed Industrial Stairs.

(1) Definitions. Unless otherwise stated, fixed industrial stair terms mean:

Handrail. A single bar or pipe supported on brackets from a wall or partition, and used

as a handhold for persons on stairs or ramps.

Nose, nosing. That part of a tread projecting beyond the face of the riser.

Open riser. The space between the treads of stairways without upright parts (risers).

Platform. An extended step or landing breaking a continuous run of stairs.

Railing. A vertical barrier along exposed sides of stairs and platforms to prevent people

from falling. The top rail usually serves as a handrail.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIXED INDUSTRIAL STAIRS

437-004-0330 D-9 (1) – (5)

Rise. The vertical distance from the top of a tread to the top of the next higher tread.

Riser. The upright part of a step at the back of a lower tread and near the leading edge

of the next higher tread.

Stairs, stairway. A set of steps with three or more risers, from one level or floor to

another, or leading to platforms, pits or around machinery, tanks, and other equipment.

Tread. The horizontal part of a step.

Tread run. The horizontal distance from the leading edge of a tread to the leading edge

of an adjacent tread.

Tread width. The horizontal distance from front to back of tread including nosing.

(2) Application. This section has specifications for the safe design and construction of fixed

stairs. This includes interior and exterior stairs around machinery, tanks, and other

equipment, and stairs leading to or from floors, platforms, or pits. This section does not

apply to stairs used for fire exits, private residences or articulated stairs, the angle of which

changes with the rise and fall of the base support.

(3) Where fixed stairs are required. There must be fixed stairs where work requires

regular travel between floors or levels, and access to operating platforms at any equipment

that requires frequent attention. There also must be fixed stairs for daily access to

elevations or for access at each shift for such purposes as inspection, regular maintenance,

etc. There must be fixed stairs where work may expose employees to acids, caustics,

gases, or other harmful substances, or where employees normally must carry tools or

equipment by hand. (It is not the intent of this section to preclude using fixed ladders for

access to elevated tanks, towers, and similar structures, etc., where their use is common

practice.) Spiral stairs are not legal except for special limited use and secondary access

situations where it is not practical to provide a conventional stairway. Winding stairs are

acceptable on tanks and similar round structures where the diameter of the structure is at

least 5 feet.

(4) Stair strength. Fixed stairs must be able to carry a load of five times the normal live load

anticipated but never less than a moving concentrated load of 1,000 pounds.

(5) Stair width. Fixed stairs must be at least 22 inches wide.

FIXED INDUSTRIAL STAIRS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(6) – (10) D-10 437-004-0330

(6) Angle of stairway rise. Fixed stairs must be at angles to the horizontal of between

30 degrees and 50 degrees. Use any uniform combination of rise/tread dimensions that will

result in stairs at an angle to the horizontal between 30 degrees and 50 degrees. Table 1

gives rise/tread dimensions that will produce stairs within this range. However, other

allowable rise/tread combinations are possible.

Table 1

Angle to horizontal

Rise (in inches)

Tread run (in inches)

30°35'

32°08'

33°41'

35°16'

36°52'

38°29'

40°08'

41°44'

43°22'

45°00'

46°38'

48°16'

49°54'

6 1/2

6 3/4

7 1/4

7 1/2

7 3/4

8 1/4

8 1/2

8 3/4

9 1/4

9 1/2

10 3/4

10 1/2

10 1/4

9 3/4

9 1/2

9 1/4

8 3/4

8 1/2

8 1/4

(7) Stair treads. All treads must be slip-resistant and the nosings must be a nonslip finish.

Welded bar grating treads without nosings are acceptable if the leading edge can be readily

identified by people descending the stairs and if the tread is serrated or is of nonslip design.

Rise height and tread width must be uniform throughout any flight of stairs including any

foundation structure used as one or more treads of the stairs.

(a) Treads must not be loose. Replace or repair defective treads quickly.

(8) Stairway platforms. Stairway platforms must be no less than the width of the stairway

and a minimum of 30 inches long measured in the direction of travel.

(9) Railings and handrails. There must be standard railings on the open sides of exposed

stairs and stair platforms. There must be handrails on at least one side of closed stairs

preferably on the right side going down. Stair railings and handrails must comply with OAR

437-004-0320.

(10) Vertical clearance. Vertical clearance above any stair tread to an overhead obstruction

must be at least 6 1/2 feet measured from the leading edge of the tread.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

PORTABLE LADDERS

437-004-0340 D-11 (1)

437-004-0340 Portable Ladders.

(1) Definitions. Portable ladder terms mean:

Check. A lengthwise separation of the wood, most of which occurs across the rings of

annual growth.

Compression failure. A deformation (buckling) of the fibers due to excessive

compression along the grain.

Decay. Disintegration of wood substance due to action of wood-destroying fungi. It is

also known as dote and rot.

Extension ladder. A nonself-supporting portable ladder of adjustable length. It has two

or more sections that adjust to varied lengths.

Extension trestle ladder. An adjustable, self-supporting portable ladder made of a

trestle ladder base and a vertical extension section.

Ladder. A device with steps, rungs or cleats between rails, for people to climb up or

down.

Low density wood. Exceptionally light in weight and usually deficient in strength for the

species.

Platform ladder. A fixed length, self-supporting portable ladder with a platform at the

highest permissible standing level.

Platform. A landing surface for working or standing.

Reinforced plastic. A plastic made stronger than its base by the addition of high

strength fillers, usually fibers, fabrics or mats.

Section.

Bottom or base section. The lowest section of a nonself-supporting portable

ladder.

Middle or intermediate section. The section(s) between the top (fly) and bottom

(base) sections of a nonself-supporting portable ladder.

Top or fly section. The uppermost section of a nonself-supporting portable ladder.

Sectional ladder. A nonself-supporting, fixed length, portable ladder, with two or more

sections of ladder that may combine to work as a single ladder. Its size is the length of

the assembled sections.

PORTABLE LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1) – (5)(b) D-12 437-004-0340

Shake. A separation along the grain, most of which occurs between the rings of annual

growth.

Single section ladder. A fixed length, nonself-supporting portable ladder made of one

section.

Stepladder. A fixed length, self-supporting portable ladder with a hinged back.

Top cap. The very top part of a stepladder.

Top step. The first step below the top cap of a stepladder. If the ladder has no top cap,

the top step is the first one below the top of the rails.

Trestle ladder. A fixed length, self-supporting portable ladder made of two sections and

hinged at the top. It can be climbed by two people at once, one per side.

Wane. Bark, or the lack of wood from any cause, on the corner of a piece.

Wood irregularities. Natural characteristics in or on wood that may lower its durability,

strength, or utility.

Working Load Rating. The maximum load authorized by the manufacturer for the

ladder.

(2) Application. This standard covers the selection, use and care of portable ladders

used in agriculture. It does not cover orchard ladders, special ladders, combination

step and extension ladders, aisle way stepladders, and shelf ladders.

(3) Ladder selection. Portable reinforced plastic (fiberglass) ladders must comply with

American National Standard A14.5-1992. Wood ladders must comply with American

National Standard A14.1-1994. Metal ladders must comply with American National Standard

A14.2-1990.

Unaltered and properly maintained ladders that meet the ANSI standard in effect at the time

of their manufacture comply with this standard as do ladders that comply with newer versions

of the particular ANSI standard.

(4) Condition of wood ladders. There must be no sharp edges or splinters on wood parts.

Visual inspection must show no check, shake, wane, compression failures, decay, or other

wood irregularities. Ladders may not be made of low density wood.

(5) General requirements – all ladders.

(a) Step spacing must be uniform and not more than 12 inches. Steps must be parallel

and level when the ladder is in the normal use position.

(b) All joints, attachments and working parts of ladders must be tight and not worn to a

point that causes a hazard. Do not use ladders with damaged or bent parts.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

PORTABLE LADDERS

437-004-0340 D-13 (5)(c) – (7)(g)

(d) Safety feet and other auxiliary equipment must in good condition.

(e) Inspect ladders and remove from use any with defects. Ladders awaiting repair must

be tagged, “Dangerous, Do Not Use.”

(f) There can be no dents, breaks or bends in the side rails or rungs;

(g) Do not make ladders by fastening cleats across a single rail.

(h) Portable ladders must have nonslip bases.

(6) General requirements – portable stepladders.

(a) The minimum width between side rails at the top, inside to inside, must be not less

than 11 1/2 inches. From top to bottom, the side rails must spread at least 1-inch for

each foot of length of the stepladder.

(b) The bottoms of the four rails must have insulating nonslip material.

open. The spreader must have no sharp points or edges. For Type III ladders, the pail

shelf and spreader can be one unit (a shelf-lock ladder).

(7) Use – all ladders. Use ladders only for purposes approved or recommended by the

manufacturer.

(a) Do not load ladders beyond their working load rating. Do not allow more than one

person at a time on ladders not intended by the manufacturer to hold more than one

person.

(b) Do not use ladders in front of doors that open toward the ladder without blocking,

locking or guarding the door.

additional height.

(d) Do not use ladders with broken or missing steps, rungs, or cleats, broken side rails,

or other faulty parts.

(e) Do not splice sections of short ladders together to make a long one.

(f) When used, metal reinforcers must be on the underside of rails of portable rung

ladders.

(g) A ladder for access to a roof must extend at least 3 feet above the top support point,

at the eave, gutter, or roof line.

PORTABLE LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(7)(h) – (8)(a)(C) D-14 437-004-0340

(h) Secure ladders as necessary when used on surfaces that may allow slipping or

movement. Use one of the following methods:

(A) non-slip bases on the ladder feet; or,

(B) steel points or safety shoes on the ladder feet, designed for the type of surface

the ladder is on; or

NOTE: Non-slip bases are not a substitute for care in safely placing, lashing, or holding a ladder

on oily, metal, concrete, or slippery surfaces.

(i) Use portable ladders only on a surface that gives stable, level footing.

(j) The climber must face the ladder and have free use of both hands when climbing up

or down.

(k) Do not step or jump between erected ladders.

(l) There must be only one person at a time on a ladder unless its labeling specifically

allows use by more than one person.

(m) Do not use ladders as planks or bridges between walking surfaces or in other

horizontal applications.

(n) Do not use ladders to gain additional height from elevated surfaces like scaffolds,

truck beds, vehicle bodies, tractor scoops or boom truck buckets.

(o) Do not use metal ladders or wood ladders with vertical metal parts for electrical work

or where they may contact electric conductors. This type ladder must have markings

reading “WARNING – do not use around energized electrical equipment” or words of

equal meaning.

(8) Use of specific types of ladders.

(a) Portable stepladders. Do not use stepladders more than 20 feet long.

(A) Do not climb on the back section of the ladder unless it has steps meant for

climbing. Do not stand on the top step or top cap of stepladders.

(B) There must be only one person at a time on the ladder.

use them as supports for working platforms or scaffolding planks.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

PORTABLE LADDERS

437-004-0340 D-15 (8)(b)(A) – (8)(b)(B)

(b) Portable rung ladders.

(A) Single ladder.

(i) Do not use single ladders more than 30 feet long.

(ii) Place these ladders at an angle shown in Figure 1.

(iii) The tops must be tied down or secured if there is a possibility of sliding or

movement.

(iv) Single ladders are acceptable as fixed ladders only when they comply with

437-004-0360.

(B) Two-section ladder.

(i) Do not use two-section extension ladders more than 60 feet long. All ladders

of this type must have two sections, one to fit within the side rails of the other, and

arranged so that the upper section will raise and lower.

(ii) Set up and use extension ladders so that the top section or fly is resting on the

bottom section or base. Rung locks must be in the proper position.

(iii) Place these ladders at an angle shown in Figure 1.

(iv) The tops must be tied down or secured if there is a possibility of sliding or

movement.

PORTABLE LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(8)(b)(B) – (8)(b)(D) D-16 437-004-0340

(v) On two-section extension ladders the minimum overlap for the two sections in

use must be as follows:

Size of Ladder (feet)

Overlap (feet)

Up to and including 36

Over 36 up to and including 48

Over 48 up to and including 80

C is the top support

E is the foot of the ladder

EB = 1/4 EC

Figure 1. Diagram of proper ladder pitch

(i) Do not use assembled combinations of sectional ladders longer than lengths

allowed in this subdivision.

(ii) Place these ladders at an angle shown in Figure 1.

(iii) The tops must be tied down or secured if there is a possibility of sliding or

movement.

(iv) Do not use three section extension ladders longer than 72 feet.

(D) Trestle and extension trestle ladder. Do not use trestle ladders, or extension

sections or base sections of extension trestle ladders more than 20 feet long.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ORCHARD LADDERS

437-004-0350 D-17 Definition - (4)(a)

437-004-0350 Orchard Ladders.

Definition.

Orchard Ladder. A self-supporting portable tripod ladder of fixed length. It has two front

side rails and a single back support leg.

(1) Application. This covers the maintenance, use and care of orchard ladders.

(2) Maintenance.

(a) Each step of wooden orchard ladders must have these reinforcements:

(A) A steel rod not less than 0.160-inch in diameter, that passes through metal

washers big enough to prevent pressing into the side rails, and through a truss

block between the rod and the center of each step, or;

(B) A metal angle brace on each end firmly secured to the steps and side rails, or;

(b) If the ladder has rod reinforcement, the bottom step must also have a metal angle

brace on each end securely attached to the bottom step and side rails.

attached to the step and rail.

(d) The minimum width between side rails at the highest step for standing, inside to

inside, is 9 1/2 inches. From top to bottom the side rails must spread at least an average

of 2 1/2 inches for each foot of ladder length.

(e) All orchard ladders must have a top with tightly secured wood or metal brackets or

fittings, side rails and back leg. The back leg must swing freely without excessive play or

wear at the joints.

(f) There must be no dents, breaks or bends in the side rails or rungs.

(3) Training.

(a) Prior to assigning an employee to work with orchard ladders, the employer must

assure that they have the necessary skills and knowledge to use the ladder safely, or;

(b) The employer must train new employees about the requirements of this standard and

the special procedures and cautions associated with using an orchard ladder.

(4) Use and care.

(a) Do not use orchard ladders longer than 16 feet.

ORCHARD LADDERS /

FIXED LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0350(4)(b) D-18 437-004-0360(1)

(b) Do not use the top as a step.

(d) Do not step or jump between two or more erected ladders.

(e) Do not use ladders to gain additional height from already elevated surfaces like

scaffolds, truck beds, vehicle bodies, tractor scoops or boom truck buckets.

(f) Inspect ladders before each use. Do not use any with defects, loose, warped, bent or

broken parts. Tag these ladders, “Dangerous, Do Not Use” until they are fixed.

(g) Do not use metal ladders or wood ladders with vertical metal parts for electrical work

or where they may contact electric conductors. This type ladder must have markings

reading “WARNING – do not use around energized electrical equipment” or words of

equal meaning.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0360 Fixed Ladders.

(1) Definitions. Fixed ladder terms mean:

Cage. A guard sometimes referred to as a basket guard that is an enclosure fastened

to the side rails of a fixed ladder or to a structure to encircle the climbing space of the

ladder.

Cleats. Ladder cross-pieces of rectangular cross-section placed on edge on which a

person may step when climbing up or down.

Fastenings. A device to attach a ladder to a structure, building, or equipment.

Fixed ladder. A ladder permanently attached to a structure, building, or equipment.

Grab bars. Individual handholds adjacent to or as an extension above ladders to

provide access beyond the limits of the ladder.

Individual-rung ladder. A fixed ladder with each rung individually attached to a

structure, building, or equipment.

Ladder. A device with steps, rungs or cleats between rails, for people to climb up or

down.

Ladder safety device. Any device, other than a cage or well, designed to eliminate

or reduce the possibility of accidental falls, that may use life belts, friction brakes, and

sliding attachments.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIXED LADDERS

437-004-0360 D-19 (1) – (2)(a)(F)

Pitch. The included angle between the horizontal and the ladder, measured on the

opposite side of the ladder from the climbing side.

Rail ladder. A fixed ladder with side rails joined at regular intervals by rungs or cleats

and fastened in full length or in sections to a building, structure, or equipment.

Rungs. Ladder cross-pieces of circular or oval cross-section on which a person may

step when climbing up or down.

Side-step ladder. One from which a person getting off at the top must step sideways to

reach the landing.

Steps. The flat cross-pieces of a ladder on which a person may step when climbing up

or down.

Through ladder. A ladder from which a person getting off at the top must step through

side rails to reach the landing.

Well. A permanent complete enclosure around a fixed ladder, that is attached to the

walls of the well. Proper clearances for a well will give the climber the same protection

as a cage.

(2) Design requirements.

(a) Design considerations. All ladders, appurtenances, and fastenings must meet

these load requirements:

(A) The minimum design live load must be a single concentrated load of 200 pounds.

(B) Design consideration must include the number and position of additional

concentrated live load units of 200 pounds each as determined from anticipated use.

such points as will cause the maximum stress in the structural member being under

evaluation.

(D) Use the weight of the ladder and attachments together with the live load when

designing rails and fastenings.

(E) All wood parts of fixed ladders must meet the requirements of OAR 437-004-

0340(3).

(F) For fixed ladders with wood side rails and wood rungs or cleats, used at an angle

between 75 degrees and 90 degrees, and intended for use by no more than one

person per section, single ladders in OAR 437-004-0340(8)(b)(A) are acceptable.

FIXED LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(a)(A) – (3)(d) D-20 437-004-0360

(3) Specific features.

(a) Rungs and cleats.

(A) All rungs must have a minimum diameter of 3/4-inch for metal ladders, except as

in paragraph OAR 437-004-0360(3)(g) and a minimum diameter of 1 1/8 inches for

wood ladders.

(B) The distance between rungs, cleats, and steps must be uniform and not more

than 12 inches.

(D) Rungs, cleats, and steps must not have splinters, sharp edges, burrs, or

projections.

(E) The rungs of an individual rung ladder must not allow the climber’s foot to slide off

the end. Figure 2 shows a suggested design.

Figure 2. - Suggested design for rungs on individual-rung ladders.

(b) Side rails. Side rails that might be used as a climbing aid must be of such cross

sections as to afford adequate gripping surface without sharp edges, splinters, or burrs.

(d) Splices. All splices must meet design requirements noted in (2)(a) above. All splices

and connections must have smooth transition with original members and no sharp or

extensive projections.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIXED LADDERS

437-004-0360 D-21 (3)(e) – (4)(a)

(e) Electrolytic action. Protect dissimilar metals from electrolytic action when they are

joined.

(f) Welding. All welding must be according to the “Code for Welding in Building

Construction” (AWSD1.0-1966).

(g) Protection from deterioration. Paint or treat metal ladders and attachments to

resist corrosion and rusting when necessary. Ladders with individual metal rungs

imbedded in concrete, that serve as access to pits and to other areas under floors,

must have rungs with a minimum diameter of 1-inch or paint or treatment to resist

corrosion and rusting.

(4) Clearance.

Figure 3. - Rail Ladder With Bar Steel Rails and Round Steel Rungs

(a) Climbing side. On fixed ladders, the perpendicular distance from the centerline of

the rungs to the nearest permanent object on the climbing side of the ladder must be

36 inches for a pitch of 76 degrees, and 30 inches for a pitch of 90 degrees (Figure 3),

with minimum clearances for intermediate pitches varying between these two limits in

proportion to the slope, except as in (4)(c) and (e) below.

FIXED LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(b) – (4)(f) D-22 437-004-0360

(b) Ladders without cages or wells. There must be a clear width of at least 15 inches

each way from the centerline of the ladder in the climbing space, except when cages or

wells are necessary.

ladders with a cage or basket. They must conform to (5)(a)(E). Subparagraph (4)(a)

above does not cover fixed ladders in smooth-walled wells. They must conform to

(5)(a)(F).

(d) Clearance in back of ladder. The distance from the centerline of rungs, cleats,

or steps to the nearest permanent object in back of the ladder must be not less than

7 inches, except that when there are unavoidable obstructions, there must be

minimum clearances shown in Figure 4.

Minimum Ladder Clearances

Figure 4. - Clearance for Unavoidable Obstruction at Rear of Fixed Ladder

(e) Clearance in back of grab bar. The distance from the centerline of the grab bar to

the nearest permanent object in back of the grab bars must be not less than 4 inches.

Grab bars must not protrude on the climbing side beyond the rungs of the ladder that

they serve.

(f) Step-across distance. The step-across distance from the nearest edge of the ladder

to the nearest edge of equipment or structure must be not more than 12 inches, or less

than 2 1/2 inches (Figure 5).

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIXED LADDERS

(4)(f) Figure 5 –

437-004-0360 D-23 (4)(g) Figure 6

Figure 5. - Ladder Far from Wall

(g) Hatch cover. Counterweighted hatch covers must open a minimum of 60 degrees

from the horizontal. The distance from the centerline of rungs or cleats to the edge of

the hatch opening on the climbing side must be not less than 24 inches for offset wells

or 30 inches for straight wells. There must be no protruding potential hazards within

24 inches of the centerline of rungs or cleats; any such hazards within 30 inches of the

centerline of the rungs or cleats must have deflector plates at an angle of 60 degrees

from the horizontal as shown in Figure 6. The relationship of a fixed ladder to an

acceptable counterweighted hatch cover is shown in Figure 7.

Figure 6. - Deflector Plates for Head Hazards

FIXED LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(g) Figure 7 – (5)(a)(B) D-24 437-004-0360

Figure 7. – Relationship of Fixed Ladder to a Safe Access Hatch

(5) Special requirements.

(a) Cages, Wells and Ladder Climbing Safety Systems.

(A) Cages, wells or ladder climbing safety systems must be on all ladders where the

length of climb is more than 24 feet but not more than 50 feet or the top of the ladder

is more than 24 feet above the ground or nearest lower landing surface.

NOTE: Design specifications for cages and wells are in Figures 8, 9 and 10.

(B) Ladders with a length of climb more than 50 feet must have a cage, well or

climbing safety system and must meet one of the following two requirements:

(i) When using a cage or well the ladder must be in sections, horizontally offset,

with rest platforms at least every 50 feet.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIXED LADDERS

(5)(a)(B) Figure 8 –

437-004-0360 D-25 (5)(a)(F)

(ii) When using a ladder climbing safety system the ladder must have rest

platforms at least every 150 feet (except chimneys).

Figure 8. - Clearance Diagram for Fixed Ladder in Well

is other acceptable protection.

(D) Cages must extend down the ladder to a point not less than 7 feet nor more than

8 feet above the base of the ladder. The bottom must flare not less than 4 inches or

the portion of the cage opposite the ladder must extend to the base.

(E) Cages must not extend less than 27 nor more than 28 inches from the center line

of the rungs of the ladder. Cages must not be less than 27 inches in width. The

inside must be clear of projections. Vertical bars must be at a maximum spacing of

40 degrees around the circumference of the cage; this will give a maximum spacing

of approximately 9 1/2 inches, center to center.

(F) Ladder wells must have a clear width of at least 15 inches measured each way

from the center line of the ladder. Smooth-walled wells must be a minimum of

27 inches from the center line of rungs to the well wall on the climbing side of the

ladder. Where other obstructions on the climbing side of the ladder exist, there must

be a minimum of 30 inches from the centerline of the rungs.

FIXED LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(a)(F) Figure 9 –

(5)(a)(F) Figure 10 D-26 437-004-0360

Figure 9. – Cages for Ladders More Than 24 Feet High

Figure 10. – Cages – Special Applications

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIXED LADDERS

437-004-0360 D-27 (5)(b)(A) – (5)(c) Figure 11

(b) Landing platforms.

(A) Where a person has to step a distance more than 12 inches from the center line

of the rung of a ladder to the nearest edge of a structure or equipment, there must

be a landing platform. The minimum step-across distance is 2 1/2 inches.

(B) All landings must have standard railings and toeboards, that give safe access to

the ladder. Platforms must be not less than 24 inches wide and 30 inches long.

served by the ladder. Where access to the landing is through the ladder, the spacing

from the landing platform to the first rung below the landing must be the same as the

rung spacing on the ladder.

extend 3 1/2 feet above parapets and landings. For through ladder extensions, omit

the rungs from the extension. There must be not less than 18 nor more than 24 inches

clearance between rails. For side step or offset fixed ladder sections, at landings, the

side rails and rungs must extend to the next regular rung beyond or above the 3 1/2-foot

minimum (Figure 11).

Figure 11. – Offset Fixed Ladder Sections

FIXED LADDERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(d) – (7) D-28 437-004-0360

(d) Grab bars. Space grab bars by a continuation of the rung spacing when they are

horizontal. Vertical grab bars must have the same spacing as the ladder side rails.

Grab bar diameters must be the equivalent of the round rung diameters.

(6) Pitch.

(a) Preferred pitch. The preferred pitch of fixed ladders is between 75 degrees and

90 degrees with the horizontal (Figure 12).

Figure 12. - Pitch of Fixed Ladders

(b) Substandard pitch. Fixed ladders are substandard if they are between 60 degrees

and 75 degrees with the horizontal. Substandard fixed ladders are allowed only where

necessary to meet conditions of installation.

60 degrees and 90 degrees with the horizontal.

(d) Pitch more than 90 degrees. No ladder may be more than 90 degrees with the

horizontal.

(7) Maintenance. All ladders must be in safe condition. Inspect ladders at intervals

determined by use and exposure.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SCAFFOLDING

437-004-0370 D-29 (1) – (2)

437-004-0370 Scaffolding.

(1) Scope. This section has safety requirements for scaffolds.

(2) Definitions. Scaffolding terms mean:

Bearer. A horizontal part of a scaffold on which the platform rests and which may use

ledgers as support.

Boatswain’s chair. A seat supported by slings attached to a suspended rope, designed

to accommodate one worker in a sitting position.

Brace. A tie that holds one scaffold part in a fixed position with respect to another.

Crawling board or chicken ladder. A plank with cleats spaced and secured at equal

intervals, for use on roofs, not designed to carry any material.

Double pole or independent pole scaffold. A scaffold supported from the base by

a double row of uprights, independent of support from the walls and constructed of

uprights, ledgers, horizontal platform bearers, and diagonal bracing.

Guardrail. A rail secured to uprights that run along the exposed sides and ends of

platforms.

Heavy duty scaffold. A scaffold built to carry a working load of not more than

75 pounds per square foot.

Horse scaffold. A scaffold for light or medium duty, made of horses supporting a work

platform.

Ladder jack scaffold. A light duty scaffold supported by brackets attached to ladders.

Ledger (stringer). A horizontal scaffold member that extends from post to post and

supports the putlogs or bearer forming a tie between the posts.

Light duty scaffold. A scaffold built to carry a working load not more than 25 pounds

per square foot.

Manually propelled mobile scaffold. A portable rolling scaffold mounted on casters.

Maximum intended load. The total of all loads including the working load, the weight of

the scaffold, and such other loads as may be reasonably anticipated.

Medium duty scaffold. A scaffold built to carry a working load not more than 50 pounds

per square foot.

Midrail. A rail approximately midway between the guardrail and platform and secured to

the uprights along the exposed sides and ends of platforms.

SCAFFOLDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2) – (3)(g) D-30 437-004-0370

Putlog. A scaffold part on which the platform rests.

Roofing bracket. A bracket used in sloped roof construction. It has a way for fastening

to the roof or is supported by ropes fastened over the ridge and secured to some suitable

object.

Runner. The lengthwise horizontal bracing or bearing parts or both.

Scaffold. Any temporary elevated platform and its supporting structure used for

supporting workers or materials or both.

Single pole scaffold. Platforms resting on putlogs or crossbeams, the outside ends of

which are on ledgers secured to a single row of posts or uprights and the inner ends of

which are on or in a wall.

Toeboard. A barrier secured along the sides and ends of a platform, to keep material

from falling.

Tubular welded frame scaffold. A sectional, panel, or frame metal scaffold made of

prefabricated welded sections, that has posts and bearers with intermediate connecting

members, braced with diagonal or cross braces.

Working load. Load imposed by workers, material and equipment.

(3) General requirements for all scaffolds.

(a) The footing or anchorage for scaffolds must be sound, rigid, and able to carry the

maximum intended load without settling or displacement. Do not use unstable objects

such as barrels, boxes, loose brick, or concrete blocks to support scaffolds or planks.

(b) Scaffolds and their components must be able to support at least four times the

maximum intended load.

or move an occupied stationary scaffold.

(d) Remove from use any damaged or weakened scaffold until repairs are done.

(e) Do not overload scaffolds. Follow manufacturers’ instructions.

(f) Loaded planks or platforms must not deflect more than 1/60th of the span (2 inches in

10 feet).

(g) Nails or bolts used to make scaffolds must be strong enough and in sufficient

numbers at each connection to assure the designed strength of the scaffold. Do not

subject nails to a straight pull. Drive all nails completely.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SCAFFOLDING

437-004-0370 D-31 (3)(h) – (4)(b)

(h) Overlap all planking or platforms (minimum 12 inches) or secure them from

movement.

(i) There must be a ladder or equivalent safe access.

(j) Scaffold planks must extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more

than 18 inches.

(k) The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly

braced to prevent swaying and displacement.

(l) Use a tag line when hoisting materials onto a scaffold.

(m) There must be overhead protection for employees exposed to overhead hazards.

(n) If persons work or pass under the scaffolds there must be a screen between the

toeboard and the guardrail, along the entire opening. The screen must be No. 18 gauge

U.S. Standard Wire 1/2-inch mesh or the equivalent.

(o) Employees must not work on scaffolds during storms or high winds.

(p) Employees must not work on scaffolds covered with ice or snow or that have slippery

surfaces.

(q) Accumulations of tools, materials, and debris must not cause a hazard.

(r) Wire or fiber rope for scaffold suspension must be able to support at least six times

the intended load.

(s) Do not use shore scaffolds or lean-to scaffolds.

(t) Lumber sizes, used here, refer to nominal sizes except where otherwise stated.

(u) Use anchor bolts, reveal bolts, or other equivalent means to secure scaffolds to

permanent structures. Do not use window cleaners’ anchor bolts.

(v) Take special precautions to protect scaffold members, including any wire or fiber

ropes, when using a heat-producing process.

(4) General requirements for wood pole scaffolds.

(a) Scaffold poles must be plumb and on a foundation that prevents settling.

(b) Where wood poles are spliced, the ends must be square and the upper section must

rest squarely on the lower section. There must be wood splice plates, at least 4 feet

long, on at least two adjacent sides and overlapping the abutted ends equally. These

plates must be the same width as the pole. Splice plates of other materials of equivalent

strength are acceptable.

SCAFFOLDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(c) – (4)(o) D-32 437-004-0370

(d) Guy or tie pole scaffolds to the building or structure. If they are more than 25 feet

high or long, secure them at intervals not more than 25 feet vertically and horizontally.

(e) Set putlogs or bearers with their greater dimensions vertical, long enough to project

over the ledgers of the inner and outer rows of poles at least 3 inches for proper support.

(f) Reinforce every wooden putlog on single pole scaffolds with a 3/16 x 2-inch steel strip

or equivalent secured to its lower edge throughout its length.

(g) Ledgers must be long enough to extend over two pole spaces. Do not splice ledgers

between the poles. Reinforce ledgers with bearing blocks securely nailed to the side of

the pole to form a support for the ledger.

(h) Use diagonal bracing to prevent the poles from moving in a direction parallel with the

wall of the building, or from buckling.

(i) Use cross bracing between the inner and outer sets of poles in independent pole

scaffolds. Cross brace the free ends of pole scaffolds.

(j) There must be full diagonal face bracing across the entire face of pole scaffolds in

both directions. Splice the braces at the poles.

(k) Lay platform planks with their edges close together so the platform will be tight with

no spaces through which tools or material can fall.

(l) When lapped, each plank must lap its end supports at least 12 inches. Where the

ends of planks abut each other to form a flush floor, the butt joint must be at the

centerline of a pole. Rest abutted ends on separate bearers. Use intermediate beams

where necessary to prevent dislodgment of planks due to deflection. Nail or cleat the

ends to prevent their dislodgment.

(m) When a scaffold turns a corner, lay the platform planks to prevent tipping. The

planks that meet the corner putlog at an angle must be laid first, extending over the

diagonally placed putlog far enough to have a safe bearing, but not far enough to

involve any danger from tipping. The planking running in the opposite direction at

right angles must be laid to extend over and rest on the first layer of planking.

(n) When moving platforms to the next level, leave the old platform undisturbed until the

new putlogs or bearers are in place.

(o) Install guardrails, 2 x 4 inches or the equivalent, between 36 inches and 42 inches

high at all open sides on all scaffolds more than 10 feet above the ground or floor. The

midrail, when required, must be 1 x 4-inch lumber or equivalent, and there must be

toeboards at least 4 inches high. Use wire mesh according to paragraph OAR 437-004-

0370(3)(n).

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SCAFFOLDING

437-004-0370 D-33 (4)(p) – (4)(p) Table 2

(p) All wood pole scaffolds 60 feet or less in height must be built according to tables 1

through 6. If they are more than 60 feet high, a registered professional engineer must

design them. A copy of the typical drawings and specifications must be available to the

employer and for inspection purposes.

Table 1 – Minimum Nominal Size and Maximum Spacing of Members of

Single Pole Scaffolds – Light Duty

Maximum height of scaffold

20 feet

60 feet

Uniformly distributed load

Poles or uprights

Poles spacing (longitudinal)

Maximum width of scaffold

Bearers or putlogs to 3 ft. 0 in width

Bearers or putlogs to 5 ft. 0 in width

Ledgers

Planking

Vertical spacing of horizontal members

Bracing, horizontal and diagonal

Tie-ins

Toeboards

Guardrail

Not to exceed 25 pounds

per square foot.

2 by 4 in

6 ft. 0 in

5 ft. 0 in

2 by 4 in

2 by 6 in. or 3 by 4 in

1 by 4 in

1 1/4 by 9 in (rough)

7 ft. 0 in.

1 by 4 in

4 in high (minimum)

2 by 4 in

4 by 4 in.

10 ft. 0 in.

5 ft. 0 in.

2 by 4 in.

2 by 6 in. or

3 by 4 in. (rough)

1 1/4 by 9 in.

2 by 9 in.

7 ft. 0 in.

1 by 4 in.

4 in. high (minimum)

2 by 4 in.

Use all members on their edge, except planking.

Table 2 – Minimum Nominal Size and Maximum Spacing of Members of

Single Pole Scaffolds – Medium Duty

Uniformly distributed load

Maximum height of scaffold

Poles or uprights

Pole spacing (longitudinal)

Maximum width of scaffold

Bearers or putlogs

Spacing of bearings or putlogs

Ledgers

Vertical spacing of horizontal members

Bracing, horizontal

Bracing, diagonal

Tie-ins

Planking

Toeboards

Guardrails

Not more than 50 pounds per square foot.

60 ft.

4 by 4 in.

8 ft. 0 in.

5 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in. or 3 by 4 in.

6 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in.

9 ft. 0 in.

1 by 6 in. or 1 by 4 in.

1 by 4 in.

2 by 9 in.

4 in high (minimum)

2 by 4 in.

Use all members on their edge, except planking.

SCAFFOLDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(p) Table 3 –

(4)(p) Table 4 D-34 437-004-0370

Table 3 – Minimum Nominal Size and Maximum Spacing of Members of

Single Pole Scaffolds – Heavy Duty

Uniformly distributed load

Maximum height of scaffold

Poles or uprights

Pole spacing (longitudinal)

Maximum width of scaffold

Bearers or putlogs

Spacing of bearings or putlogs

Ledgers

Vertical spacing of horizontal members

Bracing, horizontal

Tie-ins

Planking

Toeboards

Guardrails

Not more than 75 pounds per square foot.

60 ft.

4 by 4 in.

6 ft. 0 in.

5 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in. or 3 by 4 in. (rough)

6 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in.

6 ft. 6 in.

2 by 4 in.

1 by 4 in.

2 by 9 in.

4 in high (minimum)

2 by 4 in.

Use all members on their edge, except planking.

Table 4 – Minimum Nominal Size and Maximum Spacing of Members of

Independent Pole Scaffolds – Light Duty

Maximum height of scaffold

20 feet

60 feet

Uniformly distributed load

Poles or uprights

Poles spacing (longitudinal)

Poles spacing (transverse)

Ledgers

Bearers or putlogs to 3 ft. 0 in width

Bearers or putlogs to 10 ft. 0 in width

Planking

Vertical spacing of horizontal members

Bracing, horizontal and diagonal

Tie-ins

Toeboard

Guardrail

Not to exceed 25 pounds

per square foot.

2 by 4 in

6 ft. 0 in

6 ft. 0 in.

1 1/4 by 4 in

2 by 4 in

2 by 6 in. or 3 by 4 in

1 1/4 by 9 in

7 ft. 0 in.

1 by 4 in

4 in high

2 by 4 in

4 by 4 in.

10 ft. 0 in.

10 ft. 0 in

1 1/4 by 9 in.

2 by 4 in.

2 by 9 in. (rough) or

3 by 8 in.

2 by 9 in.

7 ft. 0 in.

1 by 4 in.

4 in. high (minimum)

2 by 4 in.

Use all members on their edge, except planking.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SCAFFOLDING

437-004-0370 D-35 (4)(p) Table 5 – (5)(c)

Table 5 – Minimum Nominal Size and Maximum Spacing of Members of

Independent Pole Scaffolds – Medium Duty

Uniformly distributed load

Maximum height of scaffold

Poles or uprights

Pole spacing (longitudinal)

Pole spacing (transverse)

Ledgers

Vertical spacing of horizontal members

Spacing of bearings

Bearers

Bracing, horizontal

Bracing, diagonal

Tie-ins

Planking

Toeboards

Guardrails

Not to exceed 50 pounds per square foot.

60 ft.

4 by 4 in.

8 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in.

6 ft. 0 in.

8 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in. (rough) or 2 by 10 in.

1 by 6 in. or 1 1/4 by 4 in.

1 by 4 in.

2 by 9 in.

4 in high (minimum)

2 by 4 in.

Use all members on their edge, except planking.

Table 6 – Minimum Nominal Size and Maximum Spacing of Members of

Independent Pole Scaffolds – Heavy Duty

Uniformly distributed load

Maximum height of scaffold

Poles or uprights

Pole spacing (longitudinal)

Pole spacing (transverse)

Ledgers

Vertical spacing of horizontal members

Bearers

Bracing, horizontal and diagonal

Tie-ins

Planking

Toeboards

Guardrails

Not to exceed 75 pounds per square foot.

60 ft.

4 by 4 in.

6 ft. 0 in.

2 by 9 in.

4 ft. 6 in.

2 by 9 in. (rough)

2 by 4 in.

1 by 4 in.

2 by 9 in.

4 in high (minimum)

2 by 4 in.

Use all members on their edge, except planking.

(5) Tubular welded frame scaffolds.

(a) Metal tubular frame scaffolds, including accessories such as braces, brackets,

trusses, screw legs, ladders, etc., must be able to safely support four times the maximum

intended load.

(b) Spacing of panels or frames must be consistent with the loads imposed.

members together laterally. The cross braces must be long enough to automatically

square and aline vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square,

and rigid. All brace connections must be secure.

SCAFFOLDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(d) - (6)(b) D-36 437-004-0370

(d) Scaffold legs must be on adjustable bases or plain bases on mud sills or other

foundations adequate to support the maximum intended load.

(e) The frames must be one on top of the other with coupling or stacking pins to provide

proper vertical alignment of the legs.

(f) Where uplift may occur, lock panels together vertically with pins or other equivalent

means.

(g) Install guardrails, 2 x 4 inches or the equivalent, between 36 inches and 42 inches

high at all open sides on all scaffolds more than 10 feet above the ground or floor. The

midrail, when required, must be 1 x 4-inch lumber or equivalent, and there must be

toeboards at least 4 inches high. Use wire mesh according to paragraph OAR 437-004-

0370(3)(n).

(h) All tubular metal scaffolds must be able to support four times the maximum intended

loads.

(i) To prevent movement, secure the scaffold to the building or structure at intervals not

more than 30 feet horizontally and 26 feet vertically.

(j) Maximum permissible spans of planking must conform with paragraph OAR 437-004-

0370(3)(g).

(k) A registered professional engineer must design drawings and specifications for frame

scaffolds more than 125 feet high above the base plates. Copies must be available to

the employer and for inspection purposes.

(l) Only competent and experienced personnel may set up tubular welded frame

scaffolds.

(m) Frames and accessories for scaffolds must be in good repair. Remove them from

use until they have no defects, unsafe conditions and are in compliance with this section.

Do not use any broken, bent, excessively rusted, altered, or otherwise structurally

damaged frames or accessories.

(n) Make periodic inspections of all welded frames and accessories. Complete any

maintenance, including painting, or minor corrections recommended by the

manufacturer, before further use.

(6) Boatswain’s chairs.

(a) The chair seat must be not less than 12 by 24 inches, and 1-inch thick. Use a seat

with reinforcement on the underside to prevent the board from splitting.

(b) The two seat slings must be 5/8-inch diameter fiber rope or equivalent, reeved

through the four seat holes to cross each other on the underside of the seat.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SCAFFOLDING

437-004-0370 D-37 (6)(c) – (8)(a)

producing process such as gas or arc welding.

(d) Protect the worker with a safety life belt and lifeline attached to substantial members

of the structure (not the scaffold), or to securely rigged lines, that will safely suspend the

worker in case of a fall.

(e) The tackle must have the correct size ball bearing or bushed blocks and properly

spliced 5/8-inch diameter first-grade manila or equivalent.

(f) The roof irons, hooks, or the object to which the tackle is anchored must be secure.

Tiebacks, when used, must be at right angles to the face of the building and securely

fastened to a substantial anchor point.

(7) Horse scaffolds.

(a) Horse scaffolds must not be more than two tiers or 10 feet high.

(b) The members of the horses must be not less than those in Table 7.

Table 7

Minimum Dimensions for Horse Scaffold Members

Members

Dimensions (inches)

Horizontal members or bearers

Legs

Longitudinal brace between legs

Gusset brace at top of legs

Half diagonal braces

3 by 4

1 1/4 by 4 1/2

1 by 6

1 by 8

1 1/4 by 4 1/2

duty.

(d) When arranged in tiers, each horse must be directly over the horse in the tier below.

(e) On all scaffolds arranged in tiers, nail the legs to the planks to prevent displacement

or thrust and cross brace each tier.

(f) Do not use horses or parts that are weak or defective.

(g) Install guardrails, 2 x 4 inches or the equivalent, between 36 inches and 42 inches

high at all open sides on all scaffolds more than 10 feet above the ground or floor. The

midrail, when required, must be 1 x 4-inch lumber or equivalent, and there must be

toeboards at least 4 inches high. Use wire mesh according to paragraph OAR 437-004-

0370(3)(n).

(8) Ladder-jack scaffolds.

(a) All ladder-jack scaffolds are only for light duty and may not be more than 20 feet

above the floor or ground.

SCAFFOLDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(8)(b) – (11)(a) D-38 437-004-0370

(b) All ladders used with ladder-jack scaffolds must be heavy-duty and designed and

constructed according to 437-004-0340. Do not use stepladders.

bearing on rungs only, the bearing area must be at least 10 inches on each rung.

(d) To prevent slipping, use special devices, secure placement or anchor ladders used

with ladder jacks.

(e) The wood platform planks must be not less than 2 inches (nominal) thick. Both metal

and wood platform planks must overlap the bearing surface not less than 12 inches. The

span between supports for wood must be not more than 8 feet. The platform must be at

least 18 inches wide.

(f) Not more than two persons may be on any given 8 feet of a ladder-jack scaffold at one

time.

(9) Roofing brackets.

(a) Roofing brackets must fit the pitch of the roof.

(b) Nail brackets in place in addition to using the pointed metal projections. Drive the

nails all the way into the roof. When using rope supports, they must be first-grade manila

of at least 3/4-inch diameter, or equivalent.

20 feet from the ground to eaves with a slope more than 3 inches in 12 inches and no

parapet. In width the platform must extend 2 feet beyond the projection of the eaves

and have a safety rail, midrail, and toeboard that complies with OAR 437-004-1020.

This does not apply where employees are using a personal fall protection system.

(10) Crawling boards or chicken ladders.

(a) Crawling boards must be not less than 10 inches wide and 1-inch thick, with 1 x

1 1/2 inch cleats. The cleats must be equal in length to the width of the board and

spaced at equal intervals not more than 24 inches. Drive nails through and clinch them

on the underside. The crawling board must extend from the ridge pole to the eaves

when used with roof construction, repair, or maintenance.

(b) A firmly fastened lifeline of at least 3/4-inch rope must be strung beside each crawling

board for a handhold.

the roof.

(11) Manually propelled mobile scaffolds.

(a) The height of free-standing mobile scaffold towers must not be more than four times

the smallest base dimension.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SCAFFOLDING / MANUALLY

PROPELLED MOBILE LADDER

STANDS & SCAFFOLDS (TOWERS)

437-004-0370(11)(b) D-39 437-004-0380

(b) Casters must be able to support four times the maximum intended load. All casters

must have a positive locking device.

(d) Platforms must have tight planking for the full width of the scaffold except for

necessary entrance opening. Platforms must not be free to move.

(e) There must be a fixed or built-in ladder or stairway for access and exit.

(f) Move the mobile scaffold by force applied near or as close to the base as practicable.

Keep the scaffold stable during movement. Move scaffolds only on level floors with no

obstructions or openings.

(g) Workers may not ride on manually propelled scaffolds unless the following conditions

exist:

(A) The floor or surface is within 3 degrees of level, and free from pits, holes, or

obstructions;

(B) The smallest dimension of the scaffold base is at least one-half of the height. If it

has outriggers, they must be on both sides of the staging;

(h) Scaffolds must rest upon a suitable footing and be plumb. Lock the casters or wheels

to prevent unintended movement.

(i) Guardrails made of lumber, not less than 2 X 4 inches (or other material providing

equivalent protection), between 39 and 42 inches high, with a midrail and toeboards,

must be on all open sides and ends of scaffolds more than 10 feet above the ground or

floor. Toeboards must be at least 4 inches high. If people may pass under the scaffold,

use wire mesh between the toeboard and top of the guardrail.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0380 Manually Propelled Mobile Ladder Stands and Scaffolds

(Towers).

Standards for the use of mobile work platforms and scaffolds are found in Division 2,

Subdivision D, 1910.29 which applies to agricultural places of employment.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OTHER WORKING SURFACES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(1)(a) – (3)(b) D-40 437-004-0390

437-004-0390 Other Working Surfaces.

(1) Dockboards (bridge plates).

(a) Use bridge plates over any gap of more than 4 inches between two surfaces.

(b) Portable and powered dockboards must be strong enough to carry the load imposed

on them.

(d) Powered dockboards must comply with Commercial Standard CS202-56 (1961)

“Industrial Lifts and Hinged Loading Ramps” published by the U.S. Department of

Commerce.

(e) Portable dockboards must have handholds or other ways to allow safe handling.

(f) There must be positive protection to prevent railroad cars from moving while

dockboards or bridge plates are in position.

(g) Bridgeplates must be able to carry four times the heaviest expected load.

(h) Bridgeplates must sit evenly on the surface at each end. Repair or replace plates

that teeter or rock.

(2) Floors.

(a) Floors, floor supports, and required appurtenances must be in good repair.

(b) Floors must not be slippery.

(3) Ramps and runways.

(a) Ramps and runways must be in safe condition.

(b) Ramps and runways for vehicles must be wide enough and have an even surface.

They must have timber guards of not less than nominal 6-inch by 6-inch material set on

nominal 3-inch blocks, or the equivalent, secured to the sides of the ramp or runway.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EXITS/PLANS

Subdivision E E-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0405 Exits and Emergency Action Plan .............................................................. E-1

(1) Application .................................................................................................................. E-1

(2) Definitions .................................................................................................................. E-1

(3) General....................................................................................................................... E-1

(4) Design ........................................................................................................................ E-1

(5) Marking ....................................................................................................................... E-2

(6) Special situations ....................................................................................................... E-2

437-004-0450 Emergency Action Plan .............................................................................. E-2

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E-ii

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EXITS/PLANS

437-004-0405 E-1 (1) – (4)(f)

437-004-0405 Exits and Emergency Action Plan.

(1) Application. This does not apply to agricultural labor housing, agricultural buildings or

mobile workplaces, such as vehicles or vessels. This applies to non-agricultural type

buildings like offices and warehouses where employees spend most of their work time.

(2) Definitions.

Exit. The part of the exit route, separate from other areas, that is a protected way out of

a work area.

Exit route. A continuous, unobstructed path from anywhere in a work area to a safe

outside place. Exit routes are three dimensional.

(3) General.

(a) There must be permanent, unobstructed exit routes to get out of work areas safely

during emergencies.

(b) There must be two or more exit routes depending on the size and layout of the work

area and the number of people involved. A single exit route is acceptable only if all

workers can get out through it safely during an emergency. Locate multiple exit routes

apart from each other.

(4) Design.

(a) There must be a clear and unobstructed access and exit to any location more than

4 feet above or below the floor. Access may be by a ladder, stairs or ramp that complies

with these standards.

(b) There must be unobstructed access to exit routes.

(A) Exit routes must not pass through or into lockable rooms or dead ends.

(B) Exit routes must be mostly level or have stairs or ramps.

that lock only from the outside are acceptable. There must be nothing on an exit door

that could hinder its use during an emergency.

(d) An exit route must be able to handle the maximum number of persons allowed in the

area it serves. Exit capacity must not decrease if the direction of travel changes.

(e) Exit routes must be at least 6 feet 8 inches high at all points.

(f) Exit routes must be at least 28 inches wide between handrails and wider if needed to

handle the expected occupant load.

EXITS/PLANS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0405(4)(g) E-2 437-004-0450(2)(c)

(g) Nothing can project into an exit route that reduces its minimum height or width.

(h) Exit routes must minimize danger to workers during emergencies.

(i) Exit routes must have adequate lighting.

(5) Marking.

(a) There must be exit signs at all emergency exits, except those that are obviously and

clearly identifiable. Install additional directional signs to exits where necessary.

(b) If workers could mistake a nonexit for an exit, mark it, “Not an Exit” or mark it to

indicate its real use.

(6) Special situations.

(a) Exit doors serving hazardous areas must swing in the direction of exit and open in a

way that does not obstruct exit passageways. Do not allow anything to obstruct or

prevent the use of an exit. During fire or panic, it must be easy to open all escape exit

doors and windows from the inside.

(b) Rooms subject to extremes in temperature or with toxic atmospheres must have at

least one door that opens from the inside. If this door is lockable from the outside,

lighting and a set of instructions for opening the door must be inside the room on or near

the door. It must be easy to find equipment needed to open the door from the inside.

Also, inside the room there must be a way to communicate or a control that operates an

alarm outside the building, or if other employees are on duty 24 hours a day, outside the

room.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

437-004-0450 Emergency Action Plan.

(1) The plan must be in writing, be kept in the workplace and be available to employees.

Employers with fewer than 11 permanent, year-around workers may have a verbal plan.

(2) An emergency action plan must include:

(a) Procedures for reporting a fire or other emergency;

(b) Procedures for emergency operation or shut down of critical equipment;

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EXITS/PLANS

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-0450 E-3 (2)(d) – (4)(c)

(d) Names or job titles of employees to contact to get more information about the duties

of employees under the plan.

(3) There must be a communication system to alert employees or an employee alarm system

with a distinctive signal for each purpose.

(4) The employer must review the emergency action plan with each covered employee:

(a) When the plan is new or the employee is new to the job;

(b) When the employee’s responsibilities under the plan change; and,

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

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and Health Division

E-4

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MANLIFTS

Subdivision F F-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0570 Manlifts ....................................................................................................... F-1

(1) Application .................................................................................................................. F-1

(2) Definitions .................................................................................................................. F-1

(3) General requirements ................................................................................................ F-1

(4) Mechanical requirements ........................................................................................... F-5

(5) People only................................................................................................................. F-8

(6) Periodic inspection ..................................................................................................... F-8

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and Health Division

F-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MANLIFTS

437-004-0570 F-1 (1) – (3)(b)(A)

437-004-0570 Manlifts.

(1) Application. Manlifts covered here have platforms or brackets and handholds mounted

on or attached to an endless belt that runs vertically in one direction only. Its support and

drive are through top and bottom pulleys. Manlifts are for moving people only. This does not

cover moving stairways, elevators with enclosed platforms (“Paternoster” elevators), gravity

lifts nor conveyors used only to convey material.

(2) Definitions.

Closed type. A cup-shaped device, open at the top in the direction of travel, and closed

at the bottom.

Handhold (Handgrip). A device attached to the belt for the passenger to hold.

Limit switch. A device to cut off the power to the motor and apply the brake to stop the

carrier when a loaded step passes the terminal landing.

Manlift. A power-driven endless belt moving only in one direction and with steps or

platforms and handholds for the transportation of personnel from floor to floor.

Open type. One with a fully exposed handgrip surface that can be encircled by the

passenger’s fingers.

Rated speed. The designed speed of the device.

Split-rail switch. An electric limit switch operated mechanically by the rollers on the

manlift steps. It has an additional hinged or “split” rail, mounted on the regular guide rail,

over which the step rollers pass. It is spring loaded in the “split” position. If the step

supports no load, the rollers will “bump” over the switch. If a loaded step passes over it,

the split rail will be forced straight, tripping the switch and opening the electrical circuit.

Step (platform). A step is a passenger carrying unit.

Travel. The travel is the distance between the centers of the top and bottom pulleys.

(3) General requirements.

(a) Design requirements. Equipment installed after June 27, 1974 must comply with

“American National Standard for Manlifts ANSI A90.1-1969.”

(b) Floor openings.

(A) Allowable size. Floor openings for both the “up” and “down” runs must be

between 28 inches and 36 inches wide for a 12-inch belt; between 34 inches and

38 inches wide for a 14-inch belt; and between 36 inches and 40 inches wide for a

16-inch belt. They must extend at least 24 inches, but not more than 28 inches from

the face of the belt.

MANLIFTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(b)(B) – (3)(d)(A) F-2 437-004-0570

(B) Uniformity. All floor openings for a manlift must be the same size and

approximately circular.

(A) Vertical clearance. The clearance between the floor or mounting platform and

the lower edge for the conical guard above it required by (d) below must be at least

7 feet 6 inches. Do not allow access to the manlift if this clearance is not possible.

Enclose the manlift runway where it passes through the floor.

(B) Clear landing space. Keep the landing space around the floor openings

unobstructed and clear. This landing space will be at least 2 feet wide from the edge

of the floor opening.

floor landing when the lift running.

Note: A 40-watt or larger light bulb should provide the equivalent to 5 foot-candles.

(D) Landing surface. There must be safe footing at landing surfaces.

(E) Emergency landings. If the travel is 50 feet or more between floor landings,

there must be one or more emergency landings. There must be a landing (either

floor or emergency) for every 25 feet or less of manlift travel.

(i) Emergency landings must be accessible from both the “up” and “down” rungs

of the manlift. They must give access to the ladder as required in OAR 437-004-

0570(i).

(ii) Completely enclose emergency landings with a standard railing and toeboard.

(iii) Platforms built for access to bucket elevators or other equipment for

inspection or maintenance may also be emergency landings. All such platforms

are then part of the emergency landing and must have standard railings and

toeboards.

(d) Guards on underside of floor openings.

(A) Fixed type. The ascending side of the manlift floor openings must have a bevel

guard or cone meeting the following requirements:

(i) The cone must be at an angle of not less than 45 degrees with the horizontal.

Use an angle of 60 degrees or greater where ceiling heights permit.

(ii) The lower edge of this guard must extend at least 42 inches outward from

any handhold on the belt. It must not extend beyond the upper surface of the

floor above.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MANLIFTS

437-004-0570 F-3 (3)(d)(A) - (3)(g)(B)

(iii) The cone must be at least No. 18 U.S. gauge sheet steel or material of

equivalent strength or stiffness. Roll the lower edge to a minimum diameter of

1/2-inch. The interior must be smooth with no rivets, bolts or screws protruding.

(B) Floating type. A floating safety cone is acceptable instead of the fixed guards

in (A) above. They must be mounted on hinges at least 6 inches below the underside

of the floor. A force of 2 pounds on the edge of the cone closest to the hinge must

actuate a limit switch. The maximum depth of this floating cone is 12 inches.

(e) Protection of entrances and exits.

(A) Guardrail requirement. Guard the entrances and exits at all floor landings with

access to the manlift with a maze (staggered railing) or a standard guardrail with self-

closing gates.

(B) Construction. The rails will be standard guardrails with toeboards as described

in OAR 437-004-0320(6).

gates.

(D) Maze. Maze or staggered openings must offer no direct passage between

enclosure and outer floor space.

(E) Except where building layout prevents it, entrances at all landings must be in the

same relative position.

(f) Guards for openings.

(A) Construction. Use a wall, standard guardrail and toeboard or wire mesh panels

to guard the floor opening at each landing on sides not used for entrance or exit.

(B) Height and location. Guards for openings must be at least 42 inches high on

the up-running side and 66 inches on the down-running side.

(g) Bottom arrangement.

(A) Bottom landing. At the bottom landing the clear area must not be smaller than

the area enclosed by the guardrails on the floors above. Any wall in front of the

down-running side of the belt must be at least 48 inches from the face of the belt.

There must be no stairs or ladders in this space.

(B) Location of lower pulley. The lower (boot) pulley must be supported by the

lowest landing served. Guard the sides of the pulley support to prevent contact with

the pulley or the steps.

MANLIFTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(g)(C) - (3)(l) F-4 437-004-0570

the up run at the lowest landing. This is not necessary if the floor level allows the

floor or platform to be at or above the point where the upper surface of the ascending

step completes its turn and becomes horizontal.

(D) Guardrails. Guard the area on the downside of the manlift according to OAR

437-004-0570(e). Protect the area between the belt and the platform with a standard

guardrail.

(h) Top arrangements.

(A) Clearance from floor. There must be at least 11 feet of top clearance above

the top terminal landing. This clearance must be from a plane through each face

of the belt to a vertical cylindrical plane having a diameter 2 feet greater than the

diameter of the floor opening, extending upward from the top floor to the ceiling

on the up-running side of the belt. There must be no encroachment of structural

or machine supporting members within this space.

(B) Pulley clearance.

(i) There must be at least 5 feet between the center of the head pulley shaft and

any ceiling obstruction.

(ii) The center of the head pulley shaft must be at least 6 feet above the top

terminal landing.

at the head pulley when the distance to the head pulley is more than 6 feet above the

top landing. Otherwise there must be only a grab bar or rail to allow the rider to swing

free if the emergency stops do not work.

(i) Emergency exit ladder. Provide a fixed metal ladder accessible from both the “up”

and “down” run of the manlift for the entire travel of the manlift. The ladder must meet

ANSI A14.3-1956, Safety Code for Fixed Ladders.

(j) Superstructure bracing. Secure manlift rails to avoid spreading, vibration, and

misalignment.

(k) Lighting.

(A) General. There must be adequate lighting for both runs of the manlift when it is

running. (See OAR 437-004-0570(3)(c)(C) for lighting requirements at landings.)

(B) Control of lighting. Circuits for lighting of manlift runways must be permanently

tied to the building circuits with no switches or there must be switches at each

landing. Where there are separate switches at each landing, every switch must work

all lights for the entire runway.

(l) Weather protection. Protect the manlift and its driving mechanism from the weather.

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and Health Division

MANLIFTS

437-004-0570 F-5 (4)(a)(A) – (4)(c)(F)

(4) Mechanical requirements.

(a) Machines, general.

(A) Brakes. Brakes for stopping and holding a manlift must be inherently self-

engaging, require power or force from an external source to cause disengagement.

The brake must release electrically and work on the motor shaft for direct-connected

units or the input shaft for belt-driven units. The brake must be able to stop and hold

the manlift when the descending side is loaded with 250 pounds on each step.

(B) Belt.

(i) The belts must be of hard-woven canvas, rubber-coated canvas, leather or

other material meeting the strength requirements of OAR 437-004-0570(3)(a).

It must also have a coefficient of friction that when used with an adequate tension

device will meet the brake test in (4)(a)(A) above.

(ii) The belt must be at least 12 inches wide for travel up to 100 feet, at least

14 inches wide for travel more than 100 feet and up to 150 feet and 16 inches

wide for travel more than 150 feet.

(b) Maximum speed. Do not install or use a manlift designed for a speed over 80 feet

per minute.

(A) Minimum depth. Steps or platforms must be 12 inches to 14 inches deep,

measured from the belt to the edge of the step or platform.

(B) Width. The width of the step or platform must be at least as wide as the belt to

which it is attached.

least 16 feet measured from the upper surface of one step to the upper surface of

the next step above it.

(D) Angle of step. The surface of the step must be at approximately a right angle

with the “up” and “down” run of the belt and must travel an approximate horizontal

position with the “up” and “down” run of the belt.

(E) Surfaces. The upper or working surfaces of the step must be nonslip (coefficient

of friction not less than 0.5) or have a secure nonslip covering.

(F) Strength of step supports. When loaded with 400 pounds at the approximate

center of the step, step frames or supports and their guides must be strong enough

to:

MANLIFTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(c)(F) - (4)(e)(A) F-6 437-004-0570

(i) Prevent the disengagement of any step roller.

(ii) Prevent any appreciable misalignment.

(iii) Prevent any visible deformation of the steps or its support.

(G) Prohibition of steps without handholds. All steps must have a corresponding

handhold above or below them meeting the requirements of OAR 437-004-0570(4)

(d). When removing a step or steps, remove corresponding handholds before the lift

is restarted.

(d) Handholds.

(A) Location. Handholds attached to the belt must be at least 4 feet but not more

than 4 feet 8 inches above the step tread. Locate them on both “up” and “down” run

of the belt.

(B) Size. The grab surface of the handhold must be at least 4 1/2 inches wide, at

least 3 inches deep and have 2 inches of clearance from the belt. Fastenings for

handholds must be at least 1-inch from the edge of the belt.

the run of the belt.

(D) Prohibition of handhold without steps. All handholds must have a

corresponding step. When removing handholds permanently or temporarily, remove

the corresponding steps and handholds for the opposite direction of travel before

restarting the lift.

(E) Type. All handholds must be of the closed type.

(e) Up limit stops.

(A) Requirements. There must be two separate automatic stop devices to cut off

the power and apply the brake when a loaded step passes the upper terminal

landing. One of these must be a split-rail switch mechanically operated by the step

roller and located not more than 6 inches above the top terminal landing. The

second automatic stop device may have any of the following:

(i) Any split-rail switch placed 6 inches above and on the side opposite the first

limit switch.

(ii) An electronic device.

(iii) A switch actuated by a lever, rod or plate, the latter to be on the “up” side of

the head pulley so as to just clear a passing step.

Oregon Administrative Rules

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and Health Division

MANLIFTS

437-004-0570 F-7 (4)(e)(B) – (4)(g)(A)

(B) Manual reset location. After a stop device halts the manlift reset must be done

manually. The device must be where a person resetting it would have a clear view

of both the “up” and “down” runs of the manlift. It must be impossible to reset the

device from any step or platform.

step has reached a point 24 inches above the top terminal landing.

(D) Electrical requirements.

(i) When switches open the main motor circuit directly they must be the multi-pole

type.

(ii) When using electronic devices they must be designed and installed so that

failure will shut off the power to the driving motor.

(iii) Where flammable vapors or combustible dusts may be present, electrical

installations must be according to the requirements of Division 4/S for such

locations.

(iv) Controller contacts carrying the main motor current must be oil immersed,

copper to carbon or equal, except where the circuit is broken at two or more

points at once.

(f) Emergency stop.

(A) General. There must be an emergency stop device.

(B) Location. It must be easy reach from the ascending and descending runs of the

belt.

pulled in the direction of travel.

(D) Rope. If made of rope, it must be at least 3/8-inch in diameter. Do not use wire

rope unless it has plastic covering or equivalent.

(g) Instruction and warning signs.

(A) Instruction signs at landings or belts. At each landing or stenciled on the belt

there must be conspicuous and easily read instruction signs for the use of the manlift.

(i) The instructions must read as follows:

Face the Belt.

Use the Handholds.

To Stop - Pull Rope.

MANLIFTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(4)(g)(B) - (6)(c) F-8 437-004-0570

(B) Top floor warning sign and light.

(i) At the top floor there must be a lighted sign with the following wording:

“TOP FLOOR – GET OFF”

Signs must have block letters at least 2 inches high. Locate the sign within easy

view of an ascending passenger and not more than 2 feet above the top terminal

landing.

(ii) In addition to the sign required by (4)(g)(B)(i) above, a red warning light of at

least 40 watts must be immediately below the upper landing terminal so as to

shine in the passenger’s face.

- AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY -

(5) People only. Do not move objects or material on a manlift. Manlifts are for people only.

(6) Periodic inspection.

(a) Frequency. A competent designated person must inspect manlifts at least every

30 days. Check limit switches weekly. Do not use unsafe manlifts until repairs make

them safe again.

(b) Items covered. This periodic inspection must cover at least the following items:

Steps Step Fastenings

Rails Rail Supports and Fastenings

Rollers and Slides Belt and Belt Tension

Handholds and Fastenings Floor Landings

Guardrails Lubrication

Limit Switches Warning Signs and Lights

Illumination Drive Pulley

Bottom (boot) Pulley and Clearance Pulley Supports

Motor Driving Mechanism

Brake Electrical Switches

Vibration and Misalignment “Skip” on up or down run when mounting step

(indicating worn gears).

the date of the inspection, the signature of the inspector and the serial number or other

identifier of the manlift. On request, this record must be made available to OR-OSHA.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

HEALTH/ENVIRONMENT

Subdivision G G-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0610 Ventilation .................................................................................................. G-1

437-004-0630 Noise Exposure ......................................................................................... G-1

Noise Monitoring ............................................................................................................. G-2

Engineering Controls ...................................................................................................... G-2

Hearing Conservation Program ...................................................................................... G-3

Follow-Up ........................................................................................................................ G-4

Training ........................................................................................................................... G-5

Hearing Protection .......................................................................................................... G-5

Recordkeeping ................................................................................................................ G-5

437-004-0650 Ionizing Radiation ...................................................................................... G-6

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and Health Division

G-ii

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Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

HEALTH/ENVIRONMENT

437-004-0610(1) G-1 437-004-0630(2)

437-004-0610 Ventilation.

(1) Agricultural employers that do abrasive blasting, grinding, polishing and buffing or spray

finishing in any part of their operation must follow the standards in OAR 437-002-1910.94

and OAR 437-002-0081 found in Subdivision 2/G.

These paraphrased excerpts are from 1910.94, Ventilation, in the OR-OSHA General Industry

Standards, Division 2/G. If the amount or duration of the covered work or processes you do

could meet one of the criteria below, consult 437-002-1910.94 in Division 2/G.

Grinding, polishing and buffing.

1910.94(b)(2) Application. You must use a mechanical local exhaust ventilation system to keep the 8-hour

time-weighted average (TWA) exposures to substances in 437-004-9000 or other parts of this division,

within required limits when dry grinding, dry polishing or buffing whether or not employees use a respirator.

Spray finishing.

1910.94(c)(8) Scope. This paragraph (c) does not apply to exterior spraying of buildings, fixed tanks or

similar structures nor to small portable spraying apparatus not used repeatedly in the same location.

Open surface tanks.

1910.94(d)(13)(i) Scope. This paragraph (d) applies to all work involving the immersion of materials in

liquids, or in the vapors of such liquids, for cleaning or altering their surfaces, or adding or imparting a

finish or changing the character of the materials. It also applies to the subsequent removal from the

liquids or vapors, draining, and drying. Such work includes washing, pickling, quenching, dyeing,

dipping, bleaching, degreasing, alkaline cleaning, stripping, rinsing and similar processes. It does not

include molten materials handling or surface coating.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0630 Noise Exposure.

(1) You must have a noise monitoring program (see (3) below) when an employee’s

exposure equals or is more than an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 85 decibels

(dB).

NOTE: Most large or older farm machines and tractors, especially those without cabs, have the

potential to produce more than 85 decibels of noise. Audiologists often say that if you have to shout

or significantly raise your voice to talk with somebody 2 feet away, the noise is probably at the action

level of 85 decibels.

(2) Noise classified as impulse or impact noise cannot be more than 140 dB peak sound

pressure level.

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Oregon Administrative Rules

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and Health Division

(2) Note – (4)(b) G-2 437-004-0630

NOTE: These noises are sudden and sharp and include such things as the firing of a weapon and

sudden release of pressurized air.

Noise Monitoring

(3) Employers must use a noise sampling strategy that determines which employees need to

be part of a hearing conservation program. This sampling will also determine their need for

hearing protection or when to consider engineering controls.

(a) Use a sound level meter or a dosimeter to do noise level surveys over an 8-hour

period to get a time-weighted average. When the employees are mobile or there are

significant changes in the sound level or impulse noise components, you must use

representative personal sampling unless area samples produce equal results.

(b) Repeat the noise surveys when there is a change in production, process, equipment

or controls that increases noise levels or exposures to or above the action level. Also

repeat the surveys if the increase in noise may require additional noise reduction from

hearing protectors already in use.

or above the 85 decibel TWA.

(d) The employer must give affected employees or their representatives the opportunity

to observe the noise survey process.

WARNING: Employer responsibilities in this standard require special knowledge and equipment to

be done successfully. In most cases it is advisable and in some cases mandatory to have these tests

done by a professional. See OAR 437-004-0630(5)(c).

Engineering Controls

(4) If the noise survey results are more than in Table 1 below, use administrative or

engineering controls to reduce the noise, if feasible. If not feasible or if the engineering or

administrative controls fail to reduce the noise to levels within Table 1 limits, provide

appropriate training and enforce the use of hearing protection to reduce the noise to levels

within the Table 1.

(a) You must provide all hearing protection equipment and devices without cost to the

employee. Employees may voluntarily elect to use their own equipment but the employer

is responsible to assure that it provides adequate protection.

(b) All hearing protection equipment and devices must be kept serviceable and clean

according to the manufacturer’s recommendations or accepted audiological practices.

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Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

HEALTH/ENVIRONMENT

437-004-0630 G-3 (4)(b) Table 1 – (6)(b)

Table 1

Permissible Noise Exposures

Duration per day, hours

Sound level dBA

slow response

1 1/2

1/2

1/4 or less

100

102

105

110

115

Hearing Conservation Program

(5) Establish and maintain an effective hearing conservation program for employees whose

noise exposure equals or is more than an 8-hour TWA of 85 decibels, or an equivalent dose,

before attenuation by hearing protectors. The program must include an audiometric

(hearing) testing program, employee training and personal hearing protection.

(a) All parts of the hearing conservation program must be without charge to employees.

(b) You must tell the employees to avoid high levels of non-occupational noise exposure

during the 14-hour period before any hearing test. Also, you must assure that the

employee uses hearing protection or avoids noise exposure on the job for 14 hours

before getting a baseline hearing test.

Conservation, a licensed or certified audiologist, otolaryngologist or other physician may

do a hearing test. Certified technicians must be responsible to an audiologist,

otolaryngologist or physician.

NOTE: Audiograms must meet the requirements of OAR 437-002-1910.95, Appendix C,

Audiometric Measuring Instruments. The background noise in the test room must comply with

OAR 437-002-1910.95, Appendix D, Audiometric Test Rooms. The audiometers used for the test

and the methods must comply with the American National Standard Specifications for

Audiometers, S3.6-1969. Oregon OSHA strongly suggests that employers hire a professional to

provide services required by this standard.

(6) There are two types of hearing tests required by this standard.

(a) A baseline hearing test must be done within 6 months of the employees first exposure

to noise at or above the action level. This test is the comparison base for future tests.

(b) After the baseline audiogram is done, each employee still exposed at or above the

8-hour TWA must have annual hearing tests. Compare the annual tests to the baseline

tests to determine if there has been a standard threshold shift.

HEALTH/ENVIRONMENT

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(6)(c) – (9)(c) G-4 437-004-0630

the baseline when the standard threshold shift in hearing revealed by the test is

persistent or the hearing threshold shows an improvement over the baseline audiogram.

(7) For purposes of this standard a standard threshold shift of hearing compared to the

baseline hearing test is called a standard threshold shift and is an average of 10 dB or more

at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz in either ear. In Oregon there is no allowance from age

correction charts for this calculation.

Follow-Up

(8) The qualified person doing the hearing test will compare the results of the annual hearing

test to the baseline audiogram to see if it is valid and if there has been a standard threshold

shift change in hearing as in (7) above.

(a) The employer may retest to assure validity within 30 days and use that as the annual

test.

(b) An audiologist, otolaryngologist or physician must review all problem audiograms to

determine the need for more evaluation. This may include follow up as described below.

(d) The employer must assure that the reviewing audiologist, otolaryngologist or

physician has the following information:

(A) A copy of the requirements for hearing conservation in this section.

(B) The employees baseline and most recent audiogram.

(D) Records of audiometer calibrations as required by this section.

(9) If an employee’s hearing test reveals a standard threshold shift, the employer must do (a)

through (d) below unless the physician determines that the shift is not work-related or

aggravated by work-related noise exposure.

(a) Fit employees with hearing protection, train them in its use and care. Require them to

use it.

(b) Refit and retrain employees already using hearing protectors. Give them hearing

protectors that offer more noise reduction.

as appropriate, if additional testing is necessary. Also refer the employee to the

physician if the wearing of hearing protectors causes or aggravates a medical problem of

the ear.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

HEALTH/ENVIRONMENT

437-004-0630 G-5 (9)(d) – (13)(b)

(d) Inform the employee of the need for an otological examination if a medical pathology

of the ear could be unrelated to the use of hearing protectors.

(10) If future hearing tests show that the standard threshold shift of hearing is not persistent

and the noise exposure is less than a 8-hour TWA of 90 decibels the employer must tell the

employee of the new results and may end the required use of hearing protectors.

Training

(11) All employees exposed at or above the 8-hour TWA of 85 decibels must receive initial

and annual training. Update the training program if there are changes in the hearing

protection or work processes. The training program must include:

(a) The effects of noise on hearing.

(b) The purpose of hearing protectors, the advantages, disadvantages and attenuation of

various types and instructions on selection, fitting, use and care.

Hearing Protection

(12) Hearing protection must be available at no cost to all employees exposed to an 8-hour

TWA of 85 dB. Wearing of hearing protection that offers adequate noise reduction is

mandatory for employees exposed at 90 dB TWA. In addition, if an employee has had a

standard threshold shift, they must wear hearing protection at 85 decibels or more.

(a) The employer must ensure proper initial fitting of the hearing protectors, supervise the

correct use of them, and provide training in the use and care of the hearing protectors.

(b) The employees must have the chance to select the hearing protectors from a variety

of appropriate hearing protectors and the hearing protectors must reduce the noise to at

least an 8-hour TWA of 90 decibels.

give proper protection, reevaluate the adequacy of the protectors noise reduction.

Provide more effective hearing protection where necessary.

Recordkeeping

(13) The employer must keep employees noise exposure records according to the Access to

Employee Exposure and Medical Records standard OAR 437-004-0005. The records must

be available to employees, former employees, representatives designated by the employee

and Oregon OSHA. The test record must include:

(a) Name and job classification of the employee.

(b) Date of the audiogram.

HEALTH/ENVIRONMENT

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-0630(13)(c) G-6 437-004-0650 Note

(d) Date of the last acoustic or exhaustive calibration of the audiometer.

(e) Employees most recent noise exposure assessment.

(14) If you sell your business, give the buyer all records required by this section.

NOTE: The professional who does your audiometric work will supply most of the records required by

this section.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

437-004-0650 Ionizing Radiation.

NOTE: The Oregon Department of Human Resources, Health Division, enforces 1910.96 Ionizing

Radiation and 437-004-0650 in Oregon, under an Interagency Agreement with the Department of

Consumer and Business Services, OR-OSHA Division. Copies are available from OR-OSHA and the

Health Division.

In addition to and not instead of 1910.96, the rules and regulations in ORS 453.0605 to 453.0745,

Control of Radiation, administered by the Department of Human Resources, Oregon Health Division,

apply to all employees working with or near ionizing radiation sources.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Subdivision H H-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-0710 Compressed Gases .................................................................................... H-1

437-004-0715 Acetylene .................................................................................................... H-2

(1) Cylinders ..................................................................................................................... H-2

(2) Piped systems ............................................................................................................ H-2

437-004-0716 Oxygen ....................................................................................................... H-2

(1) Scope .......................................................................................................................... H-2

(2) Bulk oxygen systems .................................................................................................. H-2

437-004-0717 Hydrogen .................................................................................................... H-7

437-004-0720 Flammable Liquids ..................................................................................... H-7

(1) Definitions ................................................................................................................... H-7

(2) Storage and transporting ............................................................................................ H-8

(3) Tanks and containers ................................................................................................. H-9

(4) Tanks elevated for gravity discharge ....................................................................... H-10

(5) Tanks with top openings only ................................................................................... H-10

(6) Dispensing and fueling ............................................................................................. H-10

(7) Handling and use of flammable liquids .................................................................... H-11

(8) Heating devices that use flammable liquids ............................................................. H-11

(9) Design, construction, and capacity of storage cabinets ........................................... H-12

(10) Design and construction of inside storage rooms .................................................. H-12

Appendix A to OAR 437-004-0720 .................................................................................... H-15

437-004-0725 Spray Finishing ......................................................................................... H-17

437-004-0770 Explosives and Blasting Agents ............................................................... H-17

437-004-0780 Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases ............................. H-17

(1) Definitions ................................................................................................................. H-17

(2) Scope ........................................................................................................................ H-18

(3) Basic rules ................................................................................................................ H-19

(4) Cylinder systems ...................................................................................................... H-45

(5) Systems using containers other than DOT containers ............................................ H-49

(6) Liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel .................................................................. H-56

(7) Storage of containers awaiting use .......................................................................... H-61

(8) Liquefied petroleum gas dispensing......................................................................... H-62

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

Table of Contents H-ii Subdivision H

437-004-0790 Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Natural Gas in Fields

and Orchards ............................................................................................ H-68

(1) Scope ........................................................................................................................ H-68

(2) Definitions ................................................................................................................. H-68

(3) Components ............................................................................................................. H-68

(4) Installation ................................................................................................................. H-69

(5) Welding ..................................................................................................................... H-69

437-004-0800 Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia ........................................ H-69

(1) Scope ........................................................................................................................ H-69

(2) Definitions ................................................................................................................. H-69

(3) Basic rules ................................................................................................................ H-70

(4) Systems using stationary, non-refrigerated storage containers ............................... H-79

(5) Refrigerated storage systems .................................................................................. H-81

(6) Systems using portable DOT containers .................................................................. H-84

(7) Tank motor vehicles for the transportation of ammonia ........................................... H-85

(8) Systems on farm vehicles other than for the application of ammonia ..................... H-87

(9) Systems on farm vehicles for the application of ammonia ....................................... H-88

437-004-0950 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response ...................... H-89

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

COMPRESSED GASES

437-004-0710 H-1 (1) – (3)(j)

437-004-0710 Compressed Gases.

(1) Employers are responsible to keep compressed gas cylinders under their control in a

safe condition by doing visual inspections that cover these points:

(a) Corrosion or pitting which reduces the wall thickness.

(b) Cuts, gouges or digs.

(d) Distortion, looseness or failure of welds in the cylinder rings.

(e) Evidence of having been burned or exposed to fire, arc or torch burns.

(f) Damage to cylinder neck threads or inability to obtain a gas-tight seal by reasonable

methods.

(2) If a compressed gas cylinder or tank shows any of the above conditions, or any other

condition that could affect its safety, do not use it. Do not return it to service until it is

thoroughly inspected by a person qualified to do so and they find it to be safe and in

compliance with the Compressed Gas Association directives.

(3) The handling, storage, and use of all compressed gases in cylinders, portable tanks or

motor vehicle cargo tanks must comply with the following:

(a) Do not use cylinders without a legible label identifying the contents.

(b) Keep the cylinder caps on except when the gauges are on the cylinder.

product.

(d) Do not place cylinders where they may become part of an electrical circuit. Do not

ground cylinders used in conjunction with electric welding.

(e) Do not subject cylinders to temperatures above 125 degrees F. If ice or snow

accumulates on a cylinder, thaw at room temperature or with water less than 125

degrees F.

(f) Contact your gas supplier when in doubt about proper handling of the cylinder.

(g) When returning empty cylinders, close the valve and replace the valve protection cap.

(h) Do not drag or slide cylinders.

(i) Do not drop or permit cylinders to strike against each other or other surfaces violently.

(j) Do not lift cylinders by the protective cap or with magnets.

COMPRESSED GASES /

ACETYLENE / OXYGEN

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0710(3)(k) H-2 437-004-0716(2)(a)

(k) Do not suspend cylinders from ropes, chains or slings unless the cylinder was

manufactured with an appropriate lifting attachment or suitable cradles or platforms are

used.

(l) Post the storage areas with the name of the gases to be stored.

(m) Store cylinders away from ignitable substances such as gasoline or waste or

combustibles in bulk including oil.

(n) Store cylinders upright and secure to prevent them from being knocked over.

(o) Secure cylinders when in use.

(4) Compressed gas cylinders, portable tanks, and cargo tanks must have pressure relief

devices.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0715 Acetylene.

(1) Cylinders. The transfer, handling, storage, and use of acetylene in cylinders must

comply with the general requirements of compressed gases.

(2) Piped systems. The piped systems for the transfer and distribution of acetylene must

comply with the Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet G-1.3-1970.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0716 Oxygen.

(1) Scope. This applies to the installation of bulk oxygen systems on agricultural

establishments.

(2) Bulk oxygen systems.

(a) Definition. A bulk oxygen system is an assembly of equipment, such as oxygen

storage containers, pressure regulators, safety devices, vaporizers, manifolds, and

interconnecting piping, with storage capacity more than 13,000 cubic feet of oxygen,

Normal Temperature and Pressure (NTP), connected in service or ready for service, or

more than 25,000 cubic feet of oxygen (NTP) including unconnected reserves on hand at

the site. The bulk oxygen system ends where oxygen at service pressure first enters the

supply line. The oxygen containers may be stationary or movable, and the oxygen may

be gas or liquid.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OXYGEN

437-004-0716 H-3 (2)(b)(A) – (2)(c)(A)

(b) Location.

(A) General. Bulk oxygen storage systems must be aboveground, outdoors or in a

noncombustible building, adequately vented and used exclusively for oxygen storage.

Locate containers and associated equipment so there is no exposure to electric

power lines, flammable or combustible liquid lines, or flammable gas lines.

(B) Accessibility. Locate the system so that it is readily accessible to mobile supply

equipment at ground level and to authorized personnel.

area where any leakage might fall during operation of the system and filling of the

container. Asphalt or bituminous paving is combustible.

(D) Elevation. When locating bulk oxygen systems near aboveground flammable or

combustible liquid storage that may be either indoors or outdoors, it is advisable to

locate the system on ground higher than the flammable or combustible liquid storage.

(E) Dikes. When a bulk oxygen system must be lower than adjacent flammable or

combustible liquid storage, there must be suitable means (such as diking, diversion

curbs, or grading) to prevent accumulation of liquids under the bulk oxygen system.

(A) The minimum distance from any bulk oxygen storage container to exposures,

measured in the most direct line except as in (2)(c)(A)(v) and (vii) below, must be as

follows:

(i) Fifty feet from combustible structures.

(ii) Twenty-five feet from structures with fire-resistive exterior walls or sprinklered

buildings of other construction, but not less than one-half the height of the

adjacent side wall of the structure.

(iii) At least 10 feet from any opening in adjacent walls of fire resistive structures.

Spacing from such structures must be adequate to permit maintenance, but not

be less than 1-foot.

(iv) Flammable liquid storage aboveground.

Distance (feet)

Capacity (gallons)

0 to 1000

1001 or more

OXYGEN

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2)(c)(A) – (2)(c)(B) H-4 437-004-0716

(v) Flammable liquid storage belowground.

Distance measured horizontally

from oxygen storage container

to flammable liquid tank (feet)

Distance from oxygen storage

container to filling and vent

connections or openings to

flammable liquid tank (feet)

Capacity

(Gallons)

0 to 1000

1001 or more

(vi) Combustible liquid storage aboveground.

Distance (feet)

Capacity (gallons)

0 to 1000

1001 or more

(vii) Combustible liquid storage belowground.

Distance measured horizontally from

oxygen storage container to

combustible liquid tank (feet)

Distance from oxygen storage container

to filling and vent connections or openings

to combustible liquid tank (feet)

(viii) Flammable gas storage. (Such as compressed flammable gases, liquefied

flammable gases and flammable gases in low pressure gas holders.)

Distance (feet)

Capacity (cu. ft. NTP)

Less than 5000

5000 or more

(ix) Fifty feet from solid materials that burn rapidly, such as excelsior or paper.

(x) Twenty-five feet from solid materials that burn slowly, such as coal and heavy

timber.

(xi) Seventy-five feet in one direction and 35 feet in approximately 90 degree

direction from confining walls (not including firewalls less than 20 feet high) to

provide adequate ventilation in courtyards and similar confining areas.

(xii) Twenty-five feet from areas such as offices, lunchrooms, locker rooms, time

clock areas, and similar locations where people may gather.

(B) Exceptions. The distances in (2)(c)(A)(i), (ii), (iv) to (x) above, do not apply

where there are protective structures, like firewalls, between the bulk oxygen storage

installation and the exposure high enough to safeguard the oxygen storage systems.

In those cases, the bulk oxygen storage installation may be a minimum distance of

1-foot from the firewall.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OXYGEN

437-004-0716 H-5 (2)(d)(A) – (2)(f)(D)

(d) Storage containers.

(A) Permanently installed containers must be on substantial noncombustible supports

on firm noncombustible foundations.

(B) Make liquid oxygen storage containers from materials meeting the impact test

requirements of paragraph UG-84 of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,

Section VIII – Unfired Pressure Vessels – 1968. Containers operating at pressures

more than 15 pounds per square inch gage (p.s.i.g.) must comply with ASME Boiler

and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VII – Unfired Pressure Vessels – 1968.

Insulation on the liquid oxygen container must be noncombustible.

(i) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII – Unfired Pressure

Vessels – 1968.

(ii) DOT Specifications and Regulations.

(e) Piping, tubing, and fittings.

(A) Piping, tubing, and fittings must be suitable for oxygen service and for the

pressures and temperatures involved.

(B) Piping and tubing must conform to Section 2 – Gas and Air Piping Systems of

Code for Pressure Piping, American National Standard (ANSI), B31.1-1967 with

addenda B31.10a-1969.

materials meeting the impact test requirements of paragraph UG-84 of ASME Boiler

and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII – Unfired Pressure Vessels – 1968, when

tested at the anticipated minimum operating temperature.

(f) Safety relief devices.

(A) Equip bulk oxygen storage containers, regardless of design pressure, with safety

relief devices required by the ASME code or the DOT specifications and regulations.

(B) Bulk oxygen storage containers designed and constructed according to DOT

specifications must have safety relief devices as required.

Vessel Code, Section VIII – Unfired Pressure Vessel – 1968 must have safety relief

devices that comply with the Compressed Gas Association Pamphlet “Safety Relief

Device Standards for Compressed Gas Storage Containers,” S-1, Part 3.

(D) Equip insulation casings on liquid oxygen containers with suitable safety relief

devices.

OXYGEN

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2)(f)(E) – (2)(i) H-6 437-004-0716

(E) Safety relief devices must not allow moisture that would interfere with proper

operation to collect and freeze.

(g) Liquid oxygen vaporizers.

(A) Anchor the vaporizer and use connecting piping sufficiently flexible to

compensate for expansion and contraction due to temperature changes.

(B) Adequately protect the vaporizer and its piping on the oxygen and heating

medium sections with safety relief devices.

such as steam, air, water or water solutions that do not react with oxygen.

(D) If electric heaters provide the primary source of heat, ground the vaporizing

system.

(h) Equipment assembly and installation.

(A) Remove oil, grease or other readily oxidizable materials before placing the

system in service.

(B) Make joints in piping and tubing by welding or by using flanged, threaded, slip,

or compression fittings. Gaskets or thread sealants must be suitable for oxygen

service.

(D) People familiar with proper practices must supervise the installation of bulk

oxygen systems.

(E) After installation test and prove tight all field erected piping at maximum operating

pressure. Use oil-free, non-flammable substances for testing.

(F) Protect storage containers, piping, valves, regulating equipment, and other

accessories from physical damage and tampering.

(G) Adequately ventilate enclosures for oxygen control or operating equipment.

(H) The bulk oxygen storage location must have permanent placards that say:

“OXYGEN – NO SMOKING – NO OPEN FLAMES,” or an equivalent warning.

(I) Bulk oxygen installations are not hazardous locations as defined and covered in

Division 4/S. Therefore, general purpose or weatherproof types of electrical wiring

and equipment are acceptable depending on whether the installation is indoors or

outdoors. Install this equipment according to Division 4/S.

(i) For installations that require operation of equipment by the user, keep legible

instructions by the equipment.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OXYGEN / HYDROGEN /

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

437-004-0716(2)(j) H-7 437-004-0720(1)

(j) Cut back or clear combustible growth 15 feet from any bulk oxygen storage container.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0717 Hydrogen.

Agricultural employers that use hydrogen in any part of their operation must comply with

OAR 437-002-1910.103 in Subdivision 2/H.

For your convenience, this is the scope statement from that standard to help you know if your

work falls under its jurisdiction.

(2) Scope

(i) Gaseous hydrogen systems.

(a) Paragraph (b) of this section applies to the installation of gaseous hydrogen

systems on consumer premises where the hydrogen supply to the consumer

premises originates outside the consumer premises and is delivered by mobile

equipment.

(b) Paragraph (b) of this section does not apply to gaseous hydrogen systems

having a total hydrogen content of less than 400 cubic feet, nor to hydrogen

manufacturing plants or other establishments operated by the hydrogen supplier

or his agent for the purpose of storing hydrogen and refilling portable containers,

trailers, mobile supply trucks, or tank cars.

(ii) Liquefied hydrogen systems.

(a) Paragraph (c) of this section applies to the installation of liquefied hydrogen

systems on consumer premises.

(b) Paragraph (c) of this section does not apply to liquefied hydrogen portable

containers of less than 150 liters (39.63 gallons) capacity; nor to liquefied hydrogen

manufacturing plants or other establishments operated by the hydrogen supplier or

his agent for the sole purpose of storing liquefied hydrogen and refilling portable

containers, trailers, mobile supply trucks, or tank cars.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f. 8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0720 Flammable Liquids.

(1) Definitions:

Approved – See Universal Definitions in 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Closed container – A container sealed with a lid or other device that prevents the loss of

liquid or vapor at ordinary temperatures.

Combustible – A substance or material that is able or likely to catch fire and burn.

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1) H-8 437-004-0720

Combustible liquids – See definition “Flammable liquids” below.

NOTE: When Oregon OSHA revised the Hazard Communication Standard to align with the

Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of classification and labeling of chemicals, the term

“combustible liquid” was eliminated. However, the term is still used by the National Fire

Protection Association (NFPA) and by the Oregon State Fire Marshal. The NFPA system

classifies some chemicals as “combustible liquids” that OSHA classifies as “flammable

liquids.”

Explosive – something capable of causing damage to the surroundings by chemical

reaction. Also, see Universal Definition in 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Flammable – something capable of being easily ignited, burning intensely, or having a

rapid rate of flame spread. Also, see Universal Definitions in 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Flammable liquids – Flammable liquids – are liquids having a flash point at or below

199.4 degrees F. (93 degrees C.) As defined in the globally harmonized system of

classification and labeling (GHS) adopted in OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard,

flammable liquids are divided into four categories as follows:

(A) Category 1 includes liquids that have a flashpoint below 73.4 degrees F. (23

degrees C.) and have a boiling point at or below 95 degrees F. (35 degrees C.)

(B) Category 2 includes liquids that have a flashpoint below 73.4 degrees F. (23

degrees C.) and have a boiling point above 95 degrees F. (35 degrees C.)

or above 73.4 degrees F. (23 degrees C.) to at or below 140 degrees F. (60 degrees

C.)

(D) Category 4 includes liquids that have a flashpoint in a temperature range from

above 140 degrees F. (60 degrees C.) to at or below 199.4 degrees F. (93 degrees

C.)

NOTE: See Appendix A to OAR 437-004-0720 Flammable Liquids for a comparison of the

GHS/Hazard Communication classification system with the NFPA classification system.

Examples of flammable liquids include:

Category 1: Diethyl ether (solvent used in some starting fluids)

Category 2: Gasoline, Benzene

Category 3: Kerosene, Stoddard Solvent

Category 4: Diesel fuel

Portable tank – A closed container with a liquid capacity more than 60 U.S. gallons (230

liters) and not intended for fixed installation.

Safety can – An approved closed container, of not more than 5 gallons (20 liters)

capacity, with a spring-closing lid and spout cover, and designed so that it will safely

relieve internal pressure when subjected to fire.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

437-004-0720 H-9 (2)(a) – (2)(d)

(2) Storage and transporting.

(a) The storage of flammable liquids in containers with a capacity of 60 gallons (230

liters) or more must be in fixed or portable tanks. Such tanks must meet the material and

design requirements in NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 1996

edition.

NOTE: Tanks meeting the requirements of a more recent edition of the NFPA 30 code will

also be considered to be in compliance with this rule.

(b) Storage of flammable liquids in containers of less than 60 gallons (230 liters) capacity

must be in one of the following listed in Table H-1:

Table H-1

Maximum Allowable Size of Portable Containers and

Portable Tanks for Flammable Liquids

Container type

Category 1

Category 2

Category 3

Category 4

Safety cans or Approved containers

used for petroleum fuels

2 gal.

5 gal.

Glass, or plastic containers approved

for use with flammable liquids

(other

than “approved, containers used for

petroleum fuels”)

1 pint (pt.)

1 quart (qt.)

1 gallon (gal.)

1 gal.

DOT drums (Metal drums meeting

Dept. of Transportation specifications)

60 gal.

Closed, metal containers (other than

DOT drums)

1 gal.

5 gal.

Approved, portable tanks

660 gal.

NOTES:

Approved containers used for petroleum fuels – metal or plastic containers that bear an approval

label stamped on or molded into the container; meeting the requirements of and used for

petroleum products within the scope of one or more of the standards specified as an acceptable

container in NFPA 30, 1996 (or a more recent edition.)

The “Glass or plastic containers approved for use with flammable liquids” container size limits in

Table H-1 do not apply to medicines, beverages, foodstuffs, cosmetics, and other common

consumer items when they are packaged subject to consumer product safety standards or other

accepted practices.

stairways, or areas normally used for safe exit routes.

(d) Flammable liquids transported in passenger-type vehicles (cars, trucks, buses, carry-

alls, crew transporters, etc.) must be in safety cans, or approved containers used for

petroleum fuels. Carry these containers outside the passenger compartment, secured in

a ventilated area that prevents the accumulation of flammable or explosive vapors, and

that protects against rupture in a collision.

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(a) - (6)(b)(B) H-10 437-004-0720

(3) Tanks and containers.

(a) Clearly mark tanks and containers as required in the Hazard Communication

Standard, OAR 437-004-9800(5) Labels and other Forms of Warning. Mark fill-risers and

pumps or discharge devices with the name of the product they contain.

NOTE: Division 4/L, 437-004-1440 requires employers to post signs reading, “No Smoking or

Open Flame” (or “FLAMMABLE – KEEP FIRE AWAY”) in areas used for fueling, and where

flammable liquids are received, dispensed, used, or stored.

(b) Protect pumps, containers, tanks, and supports for tanks used for combustible or

flammable liquids against collision damage.

support the load. Provide enough clearance to permit inspection and maintenance as

well as clearance from the ground.

(4) Tanks elevated for gravity discharge.

(a) The gravity discharge outlet must have an approved hose with a self-closing valve at

the discharge end.

(b) The bottom opening for gravity discharge must have a shut-off valve adjacent to the

tank shell that can be closed manually. Underground tanks from which fuel flows under

gravity must have a manual shut-off valve between the tank and the hose.

(5) Tanks with top openings only.

(a) Tanks with all openings in the top must have a firmly attached, approved pumping

device and an approved hose.

(b) Do not use siphons and discharge devices requiring pressure in the container.

plumbing must not permit fuel to siphon or flow from the tank when the pump is not

operating, even though discharge nozzle valves or line valves are open.

(6) Dispensing and fueling.

(a) Maintain pumping devices or faucets used to dispense flammable liquids so they do

not leak enough material to puddle or cause a fire hazard.

(b) Fuel tanks and pumps from which flammable liquids are dispensed must have an

approved hose long enough to fill containers.

(A) Hoses must have a metal nozzle at the discharge end.

(B) Hoses must incorporate an effective electrical interconnect between the nozzle

and the supply tank.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

437-004-0720 H-11 (6)(c) – (7)(d)

drums unless there is an effective electrical interconnect (bond) between the source and

the receiving containers.

NOTES:

The electrical interconnect may be made by assuring that the metal nozzle of the

approved hose is in contact with the metal fill neck or bung of the receiving container

during filling.

Both portable metal and portable plastic containers should be placed on a grounded

surface when filling.

(d) Shut off internal combustion engines, except diesel engines, while refueling.

(7) Handling and use of flammable liquids.

(a) Control leakage or the escape of flammable liquids and use measures to prevent

accidental spills. If a spill occurs, promptly clean any soaked or contaminated areas.

NOTE: If you have a release or spill of any hazardous substance at your workplace and you

expect your employees to help clean it up, other rules may apply:

Division 4/Z, 437-004-9800, Hazard Communication Standard for Agricultural Employers.

Division 4/H, 437-004-0950 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.

(b) Use flammable liquids, including gasoline, only where there is no open flame or other

source of ignition within 50 feet of the operation, or within the possible path of vapor

travel.

NOTES:

This rule does not prohibit the refueling of orchard heaters used outdoors while adjacent

heaters are burning; or the field (outdoor) refueling of portable tools while other tools are in

operation.

Division 4/L, 437-004-1430 requires employers to forbid smoking, open flames, the use of

spark-producing devices or tools, and other sources of fire or ignition in fueling areas; where

fuel systems for internal combustion engines are serviced; and where flammable liquids are

received, dispensed, used, or stored.

purposes unless there is adequate ventilation to bring and keep the concentrations of

explosive vapors in the atmosphere below 20 percent of its lower explosive limit (LEL).

(d) Keep flammable liquids, including gasoline, in closed containers when not in use.

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(8) Note - (9)(b) H-12 437-004-0720

(8) Heating devices that use flammable liquids.

NOTE: The Oregon State Mechanical Specialty Code and the Oregon Fire Code have

standards for space-heating devices and associated equipment.

(a) Set heaters, when in use, on a stable, level base; or mount them as specified by the

manufacturer.

(b) Heaters not suitable for use on wood floors must rest on heat insulating material of at

least 1-inch concrete, or equivalent. The insulating material must extend beyond the

heater 2 feet or more in all directions.

least 10 feet from the coverings and securely fasten them to prevent ignition or upsetting

of the heater due to wind action on the covering or other material.

(d) Liquid-fired heaters must have a primary safety control to stop the flow of fuel in the

event of flame failure.

NOTE: Barometric or gravity oil feed is not a primary safety control.

(e) Do not use heating devices without built-in means to effectively control the fuel supply

and the flame in occupied buildings.

(f) Vent heating devices (that use flammable fuels inside occupied buildings) to the

outside atmosphere except when:

(A) The heating device has an “approval label” issued by the American Gas

Association or a nationally recognized testing laboratory indicating it is approved for

use as an unvented heater in occupied buildings; or,

(B) Prior to entry, test the atmosphere inside buildings where unvented heating

devices are in use to assure it is free of hazardous levels of carbon monoxide.

(g) Fuel-burning devices must have means that prevent the emission of sparks or other

sources of ignition.

(9) Design, construction, and capacity of storage cabinets.

(a) Maximum capacity. Maximum capacity. Do not store more than 60 gallons of

Category 1, 2, or 3 flammable liquids, or more than 120 gallons of Category 4 flammable

liquids in a storage cabinet.

(b) Fire resistance. Storage cabinets must meet NFPA 30, 1996 edition standards.

Label storage cabinets with “No Smoking or Open Flame.”

NOTES:

Storage cabinets meeting the requirements of a more recent edition of the NFPA 30 code will

also be considered to be in compliance with this rule.

Storage cabinets labeled “FLAMMABLE – KEEP FIRE AWAY” are also in compliance with

this rule.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

437-004-0720 H-13 (10)(a)(A) – (10)(b) Table H-2

(10) Design and construction of inside storage rooms.

(a) Construction.

(A) Construct inside storage rooms to meet the required fire-resistive rating in NFPA

30, 1996 edition.

(B) Such construction must comply with the test specifications in Standard Methods

of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials, NFPA 251, 1969 edition.

according to accepted engineering practices.

(D) Openings to other rooms or buildings must have noncombustible, liquid-tight,

raised sills or ramps at least 4 inches high, or the floor in the storage area must be at

least 4 inches below the surrounding floors. A permissible alternate to the sill or ramp

is an open-grated trench inside the room that drains to a safe location.

(E) Openings must have approved self-closing fire doors. The room must be liquid-

tight where the walls join the floor.

(F) Where other parts of the building or other properties are exposed, protect

windows as required in the Standard for Fire Doors and Windows, NFPA 80, 1968

edition, for Class E or F openings.

(G) Wood at least 1-inch nominal thickness is acceptable for shelving, racks,

dunnage, scuffboards, floor overlay, and similar installations.

NOTES: The following will also be considered to be in compliance with this rule:

Inside storage rooms meeting the requirements of a more recent edition of the NFPA

30 code.

Construction materials meeting the specifications in a more recent edition of NFPA

251 code.

Windows and openings protected as required by a more recent edition of the NFPA

80 code.

(b) Rating and capacity. Storage in inside storage rooms must comply with Table H-2,

below.

Table H-2 – Storage In Inside Rooms

Fire protection

provided

Fire resistance

Maximum

room size

Total Allowable quantities

(gals/sq. ft./floor area)

Yes

2 hours

1-hour

500 sq. ft.

150 sq. ft

Fire protection system must have sprinklers, water spray, carbon dioxide, or other system.

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(10)(b) Notes H-14 437-004-0720

NOTES:

Division 4/L, 437-004-1430 Sources of Fire requires that electric lights, equipment, and

wiring used where there may be flammable or explosive gases or vapors must comply

with the State Electrical Specialty Code.

Division 4/S, 437-004-3075 Agricultural Buildings with Special Hazards has additional electrical

requirements.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

437-004-0720 H-15 Appendix A

Appendix A to OAR 437-004-0720 Flammable Liquids (Nonmandatory)

A comparison of the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) of classification for Flammable

Liquids and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) system of classification for

Flammable and Combustible Liquids:

GHS

Classification

And Category

Flash Point

(Boiling

Point)

NFPA

Classification

NFPA Term

Flash Point

(Boiling

Point)

Examples

Flammable

Liquid

Category 1

Below 73.4°F

(At or below

95°F)

Class IA

Flammable

Liquid

Below 73°F

(Below 100°F)

Diethyl ether

(solvent used

in some

starting fluids)

Flammable

Liquid

Category 2

Below 73.4°F

(Above 95°F)

Class IB

Flammable

Liquid

Below 73°F

(At or above

100°F)

Gasoline,

toluene,

benzene,

acetone,

ethanol

Flammable

Liquid

Category 3

Between

73.4°F and

140°F

Class IC

Flammable

Liquid

At or above

73°F

(Below 100°F)

Kerosene;

m-, o-, p-

xylene

Class II

Combustible

Liquid

At or above

100°F

Stoddard

solvent,

hydrazine

Flammable

Liquid

Category 4

Above 140°F

but not more

than 199.4°F

Class IIIA

Combustible

Liquid

At or above

140°F

Diesel fuel,

naphthalene

Not a flammable liquid if Flash

Point is greater than 199.4°F.

Class IIIB

Combustible

Liquid

At or above

200°F

Glycerin (mist)

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

H-16

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SPRAY FINISHING / EXPLOSIVES &

BLASTING AGENTS / STORAGE & HANDLING

OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0725 H-17 437-004-0780(1)

437-004-0725 Spray Finishing.

If you use a spray booth or a spray room or do production-level spray finishing, you must

follow the rules in Division 2/H, OAR 437-002-0107, Spray Finishing.

NOTE: The Spray Finishing rules do not apply to outdoor spray applications to buildings, tanks, or

other similar structures; or to small, portable, spray apparatus that is not used repeatedly in the same

location.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

437-004-0770 Explosives and Blasting Agents.

Agricultural employers that use explosives and blasting agents must comply with OAR 437-

002-1910.109 in Subdivision 2/H.

For your convenience, this is the scope statement from that standard to help you know if your

work falls under its jurisdiction.

This section applies to the manufacture, keeping, storage, sale, transportation, and use of

explosives, blasting agents, and pyrotechnics. The section does not apply to the sale and

use (public display) of pyrotechnics, commonly known as fireworks, nor the use of explosives

in the form prescribed by the official U.S. Pharmacopeia.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0780 Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases.

NOTE: OAR 437-004-0790, following this rule, covers the use of LPG and natural gas in fields and

orchards. This rule (0780) does not cover those applications.

(1) Definitions.

API-ASME container – A container built to comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b)(C).

ASME container – A container built to comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b)(A).

Approved – See universal definition in 4/B.

Container assembly – An assembly of the container and fittings for all container

openings, including shutoff valves, excess flow valves, liquid-level gaging devices, safety

relief devices, and protective housing.

Containers – All vessels, such as tanks, cylinders, or drums, used to transport or store

liquefied petroleum gases.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1) – (2)(b)(B) H-18 437-004-0780

DOT – Department of Transportation.

DOT container – A container built to comply with 49 CFR Chapter 1.

DOT cylinders – cylinders meeting the requirements of 49 CFR Chapter I.

DOT Specifications – regulations of the Department of Transportation published in 49

CFR Chapter I.

Liquefied petroleum gases – “LPG” and “LP-Gas” – Any material made mostly of any

of the following hydrocarbons, or mixtures of them; propane, propylene, butane (normal

butane or iso-butane), and butylenes.

Listed – see universal definition in 4/B.

Movable fuel storage tenders or farm carts – Containers not more than 1,200 gallons

water capacity, with wheels for towing. They are not highway vehicles, but may

occasionally be moved on public roads or highways. They are a fuel supply vehicle.

P.S.I.A. – pounds per square inch absolute.

P.S.I.G. – pounds per square inch gauge.

Systems – an assembly of the container or containers, major devices such as

vaporizers, safety relief valves, excess flow valves, regulators, and connecting piping.

Vaporizer-burner – an integral vaporizer-burner unit, dependent on the heat generated

by the burner as the source of heat to vaporize the liquid used for dehydrators or dryers.

Ventilation, adequate – when specified for the prevention of fire during normal

operation, ventilation is adequate when the concentration of the gas in a gas-air mixture

does not exceed 25 percent of the lower flammable limit.

(2) Scope.

(a) Application.

(A) Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(3) applies to installations made according to OAR

437-004-0780(4), (5), (6) and (8), except as noted in each of those paragraphs.

(B) Paragraphs OAR 437-004-0780(4) through (8) have their own application

statements.

(b) Exclusions. This section does not apply to:

(A) LP-Gas refrigerated storage systems;

(B) LP-Gas used with oxygen. The requirements of OAR 437-004-2310 apply to that

use;

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-19 (2)(b)(C) – (3)(b)(B)

column) LP-Gas piping systems, and the installation and operation of residential

and commercial appliances including their inlet connections, supplied through such

systems. For those systems, the National Fire Protection Association Standard for

the Installation of Gas Appliances and Gas Piping, NFPA 54-1996 apply.

(A) Existing plants, appliances, equipment, buildings, structures, and installations for

the storage, handling or use of LP-Gas, that met the National Fire Protection

Association Standard for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases

NFPA No. 58, 1995, at the time of manufacture or installation are acceptable, if their

use does not cause a recognized hazard to employees.

(3) Basic rules.

(a) Approval of equipment and systems.

(A) Each system using DOT containers according to 49 CFR Part 178 must use

approved container valves, connectors, manifold valve assemblies, and regulators.

(B) Each system for domestic or commercial use with containers of 2,000 gallons or

less water capacity, other than those built according to 49 CFR Part 178, must have

a container assembly and one or more regulators, and may include other parts. The

system as a unit or the container assembly as a unit, and the regulator or regulators,

must be individually listed.

regulator, container valve, excess flow valve, gaging device, and relief valve installed

on or at the container, must be listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory.

Refer to 29 CFR 1910.7 for the definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory.

(b) Requirements for construction and original test of containers.

(A) Containers used with systems in OAR 437-004-0780(5), (6) and (8), except in

(6)(c)(C), must comply with the Rules for Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels,

section VIII, Division 1, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler

and Pressure Vessel Code, 1968 edition.

(B) Containers constructed according to the 1949 and earlier editions of the ASME

Code do not have to comply with paragraphs U-2 through U-10 and U-19 of it. Do

not use containers constructed according to paragraph U-70 in the 1949 and earlier

editions.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(b)(C) – (3)(d)(A) H-20 437-004-0780

the Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels for Petroleum Liquids and Gases, 1951

edition with 1954 Addenda, of the American Petroleum Institute and the American

Society of Mechanical Engineers are acceptable. Containers constructed according

to API-ASME Code do not have to comply with section I or with appendix to section I.

Paragraphs W-601 to W-606 inclusive in the 1943 and earlier editions do not apply.

(D) Paragraph (3)(b)(A) above does not prohibit the use or reinstallation of containers

constructed and maintained according to the standard for the Storage and Handling

of Liquefied Petroleum Gases NFPA No. 58 in effect at the time of fabrication.

(E) Containers used with systems covered in OAR 437-004-0780(3), (5)(c)(C), and

(7), must comply with DOT specifications effective at the date of their manufacture.

(A) Welding to the shell, head, or any other part of the container subject to internal

pressure, must comply with the code under which the tank was built. Other welding

is permitted only on saddle plates, lugs, or brackets attached to the container by the

tank manufacturer.

(B) Welding of DOT containers, must be done by a qualified manufacturer making

containers of the same type, and must comply with DOT regulations.

(d) Markings on containers.

(A) Each container in (3)(b)(A) above, except as in (3)(b)(D) above must have these

markings:

(i) A mark identifying compliance with, and other markings required by, the rules

of the reference under which the container is constructed; or with the stamp and

other markings required by the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel

Inspectors.

(ii) Notation as to whether the container is designed for underground or

aboveground installation or both. If intended for both and different style hoods

are provided, the marking must indicate the proper hood for each type of

installation.

(iii) The name and address of the supplier of the container, or with the trade

name of the container.

(iv) The water capacity of the container in pounds or gallons, U.S. Standard.

(v) The pressure in p.s.i.g., for which the container is designed.

(vi) The wording “This container must not contain a product with a vapor pressure

in excess of – p.s.i.g. at 100 degrees F.,” see (m)(G).

(vii) The tare weight in pounds or other identified unit of weight for containers with

a water capacity of 300 pounds or less.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-21 (3)(d)(A) – (3)(e)(B)

(viii) Marking indicating the maximum level to which the container may be filled

with liquid at temperatures between 20 degrees F. and 130 degrees F., except

on containers provided with fixed maximum level indicators or which are filled by

weighing. Markings must be increments of not more than 20 degrees F. This

marking may be located on the liquid level gaging device.

(ix) The outside surface area in square feet.

(B) Marks must be on a metal nameplate attached to the container and visible after

installation of the container.

the containers must identify their content.

(e) Location of containers and regulating equipment.

(A) Containers, and first stage regulating equipment if used, must be outside

buildings, except under one or more of the following:

(i) In buildings used exclusively for container charging, vaporization pressure

reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or distribution.

(ii) For portable use according to OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e).

(iii) LP-Gas fueled engines according to OAR 437-004-0780(6)(j) or (k).

(iv) LP-Gas fueled industrial trucks used according to OAR 437-004-0780(6)(l).

(v) LP-Gas fueled vehicles garaged according to OAR 437-004-0780(6)(m).

(vi) Containers awaiting use or resale when stored according to OAR 437-004-

0780(7).

(B) Place individual containers with respect to the nearest building or group of

buildings according to Table 1.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(e)(B) Table 1 – (3)(f)(C) H-22 437-004-0780

Table 1

Water capacity per

container

Minimum distances

Containers

Between above-

ground containers

Underground

Aboveground

Less than 125 gals

125 to 250 gals

251 to 500 gals

501 to 2,000 gals

2,001 to 30,000 gals

30,001 to 70,000 gals

70,001 to 90,000 gals

10 feet

25 feet

50 feet

None

10 feet

25 feet

50 feet

75 feet

100 feet

None

3 feet

5 feet

If the aggregate water capacity of a multi-container installation at a consumer site is 501 gallons or more,

the minimum distance must comply with this table, applying the aggregate capacity rather than the capacity

per container. If doing more than one installation, separate each from another by at least 25 feet. Do not

apply the MINIMUM DISTANCES BETWEEN ABOVEGROUND CONTAINERS to such installations.

You can reduce the above distance requirements to not less than 10 feet for a single container of

1,200 gallons water capacity or less, if it is at least 25 feet from any other LP-Gas container of more than

125 gallons water capacity.

1/4 of sum of diameters of adjacent containers.

(D) Keep easily ignitible material such as weeds and long dry grass 10 feet away

from containers.

(E) Keep at least 20 feet between liquefied petroleum gas containers and flammable

liquid tanks. The minimum separation between a container and the centerline of the

dike is 10 feet. This does not apply when LP-Gas containers of 125 gallons or less

capacity are next to Class III flammable liquid tanks of 275 gallons or less capacity.

(F) Prevent the accumulation of flammable liquids under adjacent liquefied petroleum

gas containers by diking, diversion curbs, grading or the equivalent.

(G) Do not put liquefied petroleum gas containers within the dikes around flammable

liquid tanks.

(f) Container valves and container accessories.

(A) Valves, fittings, and accessories connected directly to the container including

primary shutoff valves, must have a rated working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g.

and be suitable for LP-Gas service. Do not use cast iron. This does not prohibit the

use of container valves made of malleable or nodular iron.

(B) Connections to containers, except safety relief connections, liquid level gaging

devices, and plugged openings, must have shutoff valves as close to the container

as practicable.

as specified by the manufacturer. The connections or line including valves, fittings,

etc., being protected by an excess flow valve must have a greater capacity than the

rated flow of the excess flow valve.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-23 (3)(f)(D) – (3)(g)(A)

(D) Liquid level gaging devices do not need excess flow valves if their outward flow is

less than would pass through a .055-inch opening.

(E) Openings from the container or through fittings attached directly to it with a

pressure gauge connected do not need shutoff or excess flow valves if they are

not larger than .055-inch.

(F) Except as in OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e)(A)(ii), excess flow and back pressure

check valves required here must be inside the container or at an outside point

where the line enters the container. In the latter case, make installation so that

strain beyond the excess flow or back pressure check valve will not cause a break

between the container and the valve.

(G) Excess flow valves must have a bypass, not to exceed a .040-inch opening to

allow equalization of pressures.

(H) Containers with water capacity between 30 gallons and 2,000 gallons, filled by

volume and made after December 1, 1963, must fill into the vapor space.

(g) Piping – including pipe, tubing, and fittings.

(A) Pipe, except as in OAR 437-004-0780(6)(f)(A), must be wrought iron or steel

(black or galvanized), brass, copper, or aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy pipe must

be at least Schedule 40. Do not use alloy 5456. Protect aluminum alloy pipe against

external corrosion when it contacts dissimilar metals other than galvanized steel.

Also protect it when it is subject to repeated wetting by such liquids as water (except

rainwater), detergents, sewage, or leaking from other piping, or it passes through

flooring, plaster, masonry, or insulation. Galvanized sheet steel or pipe, galvanized

inside and out, is good protection. The maximum nominal pipe size for aluminum

pipe is 3/4-inch. Limit pressures to less than 20 p.s.i.g. Do not install aluminum alloy

pipe within 6 inches of the ground.

(i) Vapor piping with operating pressures not more than 125 p.s.i.g. must be

suitable for a working pressure of at least 125 p.s.i.g. It must be at least

Schedule 40 (ASTM A-53-69, Grade B Electric Resistance Welded and

Electric Flash Welded Pipe or equal).

(ii) Vapor piping with operating pressures more than 125 p.s.i.g. and all liquid

piping must be suitable for a working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. It must

be at least Schedule 80 if it has threaded or threaded and back welded joints.

It must be at least Schedule 40 (ASTM A-53-69 Grade B Electric Resistance

Welded and Electric Flash Welded Pipe or equal) if it has welded, or welded

and flanged joints.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(g)(B) – (3)(g)(C) H-24 437-004-0780

(B) Tubing must be seamless and of copper, brass, steel, or aluminum alloy. Copper

tubing must be type K or L or equivalent as covered in the Specification for Seamless

Copper Water Tube, ANSI H23.1-1970 (ASTM B88-69). Aluminum alloy tubing must

be Type A or B or equivalent as in Specification ASTM B210-68. It must have

markings every 18 inches indicating compliance with ASTM Specifications. The

minimum nominal wall thickness of copper tubing and aluminum alloy tubing is in

Table 2 and Table 3.

Protect aluminum alloy tubing against external corrosion when it contacts dissimilar

metals other than galvanized steel. Also protect it when it is subject to repeated

wetting by liquids such as water (except rainwater), detergents, sewage, or leakage

from other piping, or it passes through flooring, plaster, masonry, or insulation.

Galvanized sheet steel or pipe, galvanized inside and out, is good protection. The

maximum outside diameter for aluminum alloy tubing is 3/4-inch. Limit pressures to

less than 20 p.s.i.g. Do not install aluminum alloy pipe within 6 inches of the ground.

Table 2 - Wall Thickness of Copper Tubing

Standard size

(inches)

Nominal outside

diameter (inches)

Nominal wall thickness (inches)

Type K

Type L

1/4

3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

1 1/4

1 1/2

0.375

0.500

0.625

0.750

0.875

1.125

1.375

1.625

2.125

0.035

0.049

0.065

0.072

0.083

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.042

0.045

0.050

0.055

0.060

0.070

Based on data in Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube, ANSI H23.1-1970 (ASTM B-

88-69).

NOTE: The standard size to designate tubing is 1/8-inch smaller than its nominal outside

diameter.

Table 3 - Wall Thickness of Aluminum Alloy Tubing

Outside diameter (inches)

Nominal wall thickness (inches)

Type A

Type B

3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

0.035

0.042

0.049

0.058

Based on data in Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Coiled Tubes for

Special Purpose Applications, ASTM B210-68.

with a melting point more than 1,000 degrees F. Joints on seamless copper, brass,

steel, or aluminum alloy gas tubing must be made with approved gas tubing fittings,

or soldered or brazed with a material having a melting point more than 1,000 degrees

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-25 (3)(g)(D) – (3)(h)(F)

(D) For operating pressures of 125 p.s.i.g. or less, fittings must withstand a pressure

of at least 125 p.s.i.g. For operating pressures above 125 p.s.i.g., fittings withstand

a minimum of 250 p.s.i.g.

(E) You may not use threaded cast iron pipe fittings such as ells, tees, crosses,

couplings, and unions. Use aluminum alloy fittings with aluminum alloy pipe and

tubing. Use insulated fittings where aluminum alloy pipe or tubing connects with a

dissimilar metal.

(F) Strainers, regulators, meters, compressors, pumps, etc., are not pipe fittings.

This does not prohibit the use of malleable, nodular, or higher strength gray iron for

such equipment.

(G) All materials such as valve seats, packing, gaskets, diaphragms, etc., must be

resistant to the action of liquefied petroleum gas.

(H) After assembly, test all piping, tubing, or hose at not less than normal operating

pressures. After installation, test piping and tubing with a manometer or similar tester

that shows a pressure drop. There must be no leaks. Do not test with a flame.

(I) Use flexible connections to compensate for expansion, contraction, jarring,

vibration, and settling.

(J) Piping outside buildings may be buried, aboveground, or both. It must have good

support and protection against physical damage. Where soil conditions warrant,

protect piping against corrosion. Where condensation may occur, the piping must

pitch back to the container, or there must be another way to change the condensate

back to a vapor.

(h) Hose specifications.

(A) Hose must be made of materials that are resistant to the action of LP-Gas. If the

hose has wire braid reinforcing, it must be corrosion-resistant.

(B) Mark hose for container pressure “LP-Gas” or “LPG” at least every 10 feet.

1,250 p.s.i.g.

(D) Hose for container pressure must be listed (see definitions in subdivision B).

(E) Hose connections for container pressure must withstand, without leaks, a test

pressure of at least 500 p.s.i.g.

(F) Hose and hose connections on the low-pressure side of the regulator or reducing

valve must have a bursting pressure rating of not less than 125 p.s.i.g. or five times

the set pressure of the relief devices protecting that portion of the system, whichever

is higher.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(h)(G) – (3)(i)(B) H-26 437-004-0780

(G) Hose is acceptable on the low-pressure side of regulators to connect to other

than domestic and commercial gas appliances if:

(i) The appliances connected with a hose are portable and need a flexible

connection.

(ii) For use inside buildings the hose must be of minimum practical length, but

not more than 6 feet except as in OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e)(A)(vii). It may not

extend from one room to another, nor pass through any walls, partitions, ceilings,

or floors. Such hose must be in view and not concealed. Outside buildings, the

hose may be longer but must be as short as practical.

(iii) Use only approved hose. Do not use it where temperatures are likely to be

more than 125 degrees F. Securely connect the hose to the appliance and do

not use rubber slip ends.

(iv) The shutoff valve for an appliance connected by hose must be in the metal

pipe or tubing and not at the appliance end of the hose. When shutoff valves are

installed close to each other, take precautions to prevent operation of the wrong

valve.

(v) Protect hose connected to wall outlets from physical damage.

(i) Safety devices.

(A) Every container except those meeting DOT specifications and every vaporizer

(except motor fuel vaporizers and except vaporizers in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(j)(B)

(iii) and (5)(d)(E)(i)) whether heated by artificial means or not, must have one or

more spring loaded safety relief valves. These valves must allow free venting to the

outer air with discharge not less than 5 feet horizontally away from any opening into

nearby buildings. The rate of discharge must meet the requirements of (3)(i)(B) or

(3)(i)(C) below for vaporizers.

(B) The minimum rate of discharge in cubic feet per minute of air at 120 percent of

the maximum permitted start to discharge pressure for safety relief valves on

containers other than DOT containers must be as follows:

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-27 (3)(i)(B)

Surface

area (sq. ft.)

Flow rate

CFM air

Surface

area (sq. ft.)

Flow rate

CFM air

Surface

area (sq. ft.)

Flow rate

CFM air

20 or less

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

135

140

145

150

155

160

165

626

751

872

990

1,100

1,220

1,330

1,430

1,540

1,640

1,750

1,850

1,950

2,050

2,150

2,240

2,340

2,440

2,530

2,630

2,720

2,810

2,900

2,990

3,080

3,170

3,260

3,350

3,440

3,530

170

175

180

185

190

195

200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

450

500

550

3,620

3,700

3,790

3,880

3,960

4,050

4,130

4,300

4,470

4,630

4,800

4,960

5,130

5,290

5,450

5,610

5,760

5,920

6,080

6,230

6,390

6,540

6,690

6,840

7,000

7,150

7,300

8,040

8,760

9,470

600

650

700

750

800

850

900

950

1,000

1,050

1,100

1,150

1,200

1,250

1,300

1,350

1,400

1,450

1,500

1,550

1,600

1,650

1,700

1,750

1,800

1,850

1,900

1,950

2,000

10,170

10,860

11,550

12,220

12,880

13,540

14,190

14,830

15,470

16,100

16,720

17,350

17,960

18,570

19,180

19,780

20,380

20,980

21,570

22,160

22,740

23,320

23,900

24,470

25,050

25,620

26,180

26,750

27,310

Surface area = total outside surface area of the container in square feet.

When the surface area is not on the nameplate or when the marking is not legible, calculate

the area using one of the following formulas:

(1) Cylindrical container with hemispherical heads:

Area = Overall length X outside diameter X 3.1416.

(2) A cylindrical container with other than hemispherical heads:

Area = (Overall length + 0.3 outside diameter) X outside diameter X 3.1416.

NOTE: This formula is not exact, but will give results within the limits of practical accuracy for the

sole purpose of sizing relief valves.

(3) Spherical container:

Area = Outside diameter squared X 3.1416.

Flow Rate – CFM Air = required flow capacity in cubic feet per minute of air at standard

conditions, 60 degrees F. and atmospheric pressure (14.7 p.s.i.a.).

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(i)(B) – (3)(i)(E) Table 4 H-28 437-004-0780

The rate of discharge may be interpolated for intermediate values of surface area. For

containers with total outside surface area greater than 2,000 square feet, calculate the

required flow rate using the formula, Flow Rate – CFM Air = 53.632 A0.82.

A = total outside surface area of the container in square feet.

Valves not marked “Air” have flow rate marking in cubic feet per minute of liquefied

petroleum gas. Convert these to ratings in cubic feet per minute of air by multiplying the

liquefied petroleum gas ratings by factors listed below. Convert air flow ratings to ratings

in cubic feet per minute of liquefied petroleum gas by dividing the air ratings by the

factors listed below.

Air Conversion Factors

Container type

Air conversion factor

100

1.162

125

1.142

150

1.113

175

1.078

200

1.010

Petroleum Gas Vaporizers (Steam Heated, Water Heated, and Direct Fired).

Determine the minimum required rate of discharge for safety relief valves as follows:

(i) Obtain the total surface area by adding the surface area of the vaporizer shell

in square feet directly in contact with LP-Gas and the heat exchanged surface

area in square feet directly in contact with LP-Gas.

(ii) Obtain the minimum required rate of discharge in cubic feet of air per minute,

at 60 degrees F. and 14.7 p.s.i.a. from (3)(i)(B) above, for this total surface area.

(D) Container and vaporizer safety relief valves must be set to start-to-discharge, with

relation to the design pressure of the container, according to Table 4.

(E) Safety relief devices used with systems having other than DOT containers must

discharge at not less than the rates in (3)(i)(B) above, before the pressure is more

than 120 percent of the maximum (not including the 10 percent in (3)(i)(D) above)

permitted start to discharge pressure setting of the device.

Table 4

Containers

Minimum

(percent)

Maximum

(percent)

ASME Code; Par. U-68, U-69 – 1949 and earlier editions

110

ASME Code; Par. U-200, U-201 – 1949 editions

100

ASME Code – 1950, 1952, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1965 and

1968 (Division I) editions

100

API-ASME Code – all editions

100

DOT – As prescribed in 49 CFR Chapter I

Manufacturers of safety relief valves are allowed a plus tolerance not more than 10 percent of the set

pressure marked on the valve.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-29 (3)(i)(F) – (3)(i)(M)

(F) Some places have continuous high temperatures that require storage of a lower

vapor pressure product or the use of a higher designed pressure vessel to prevent

the safety valves opening. As an alternative use cooling devices like sprayers, shade

or other methods.

(G) Place safety relief valves to discourage tampering. If pressure setting or

adjustment is external, the relief valves must have approved means for sealing

adjustment.

(H) Shutoff valves must not be between the safety relief devices and the container, or

the equipment or piping to which the safety relief device is connected unless there is

full required capacity flow through the safety relief device.

(I) Safety relief valves must have direct communication with the vapor space of the

container at all times.

(J) Mark each container safety relief valve used with systems covered by OAR 437-

004-0780(5), (6), and (8), except as in (6)(c)(C) as follows:

(i) “Container Type” of the pressure vessel on which the valve is designed to be

installed;

(ii) The pressure in p.s.i.g. at which the valve will discharge;

(iii) The actual rate of discharge of the valve in cubic feet per minute of air at

60 degrees F. and 14.7 p.s.i.a.;

(iv) The manufacturer’s name and catalog number, for example: T200-250-4050

AIR – indicating that the valve is suitable for use on a Type 200 container that it is

set to start to discharge at 250 p.s.i.g., and

(v) That its rate of discharge is 4,050 cubic feet per minute of air as noted in OAR

437-004-0780(i)(B).

(K) Safety relief valve assemblies, including their connections, must provide the rate

of flow required for the container on which they are installed.

(L) A hydrostatic relief valve must be between each pair of shut-off valves on

liquefied petroleum gas liquid piping to discharge into a safe atmosphere. The start-

to-discharge pressure setting must not be more than 500 p.s.i.g. The minimum

setting on relief valves in piping connected to other than DOT containers must not be

lower than 140 percent of the container relief valve setting and in piping connected to

DOT containers not lower than 400 p.s.i.g. The start-to-discharge pressure setting of

a relief valve installed on the discharge side of a pump, must be more than the

maximum pressure permitted by the recirculation device in the system.

(M) Safety relief devices must not discharge in or beneath a building, except devices

covered by OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(A)(i) through (iv), or (4)(d)(A) or (e).

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(i)(N) – (3)(j)(A) H-30 437-004-0780

(N) Container safety relief devices and regulator relief vents must be at least 5 feet

in any direction from air openings into sealed combustion system appliances or

mechanical ventilation air intakes.

(j) Vaporizer and housing.

(A) Indirect fired vaporizers using steam, water, or other heating medium must

comply with the following:

(i) Vaporizers must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b)(A) through (C) and

have permanent marks as follows:

(I) The code marking signifying the specifications of the vaporizer.

(II) The allowable working pressure and temperature for the vaporizer.

(III) The sum of the outside surface area and the inside heat exchange

surface area in square feet.

(IV) The name or symbol of the manufacturer.

(ii) Vaporizers with an inside diameter of 6 inches or less exempted by the ASME

Unfired Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code – 1968 must have a design pressure not less than 250 p.s.i.g. and

need no permanent marks.

(iii) Do not install heating or cooling coils inside a storage container.

(iv) Vaporizers are acceptable in buildings, rooms, sheds, or lean-tos used

exclusively for gas manufacturing or distribution, or in other structures of light,

noncombustible construction or equivalent, well ventilated near the floor line and

roof.

When vaporizing and/or mixing equipment is in a structure or building not used

exclusively for gas manufacturing or distribution, either attached to or within such

a building, separate the structure or room from the rest of the building with a wall

that will withstand a static pressure of at least 100 pounds per square foot. This

wall must have no openings or pipe or conduit passing through it. Such structure

or room must have enough ventilation and must have a roof or at least one

exterior wall of lightweight construction.

(v) Vaporizers must have, at or near the discharge, a relief valve with a discharge

rate complying with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(C), except as in (4)(d)(F)(i).

(vi) The heating medium lines into and leaving the vaporizer must have

suitable means for preventing gas flow into the heat systems in the event of tube

rupture in the vaporizer. Vaporizers must have suitable automatic means to

prevent liquid passing through the vaporizers to the gas discharge piping.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-31 (3)(j)(A) – (3)(j)(C)

(vii) The device that supplies the necessary heat for producing steam, hot water,

or other heating medium may be in a building, compartment, room, or lean-to that

must have ventilation near the floorline and roof to the outside. A wall that can

withstand a static pressure of at least 100 pounds per square foot must separate

the device from all compartments or rooms that have liquefied petroleum gas

vaporizers, pumps, and central gas mixing devices. This wall must have no

openings or pipes or conduit passing through it. This requirement does not apply

to the domestic water heaters that may supply heat for a vaporizer in a domestic

system.

(viii) Gas-fired heating systems supplying heat exclusively for vaporization

purposes must have automatic devices to shut off the flow of gas to main

burners, if the pilot light should fail.

(ix) Vaporizers may be an integral part of a fuel storage container directly

connected to the liquid section or gas section or both.

(x) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs.

(xi) Vaporizer houses must not have unprotected drains to sewers or sump pits.

(B) Atmospheric vaporizers using heat from the ground or surrounding air must be as

follows:

(i) Buried underground, or

(ii) Inside the building close to a point at which pipe enters the building if the

capacity of the unit does not exceed 1-quart.

(iii) Vaporizers of less than 1-quart capacity heated by the ground or surrounding

air, need not have relief valves if adequate tests show that the assembly is safe

without them.

(i)

(I) In accordance with the requirements of the American Society of

Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code – 1968 that are

applicable to the maximum working conditions for which the vaporizer is

designed.

(II) With the name of the manufacturer; rated B.t.u. input to the burner; the

area of the heat exchange surface in square feet; the outside surface of the

vaporizer in square feet; and the maximum vaporizing capacity in gallons per

hour.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(j)(C) H-32 437-004-0780

(ii)

(I) Vaporizers may be connected to the liquid section or the gas section of the

storage container, or both; but in any case there must be at the container a

manually operated valve in each connection to permit completely shutting off

when desired, of all flow of gas or liquid from container to vaporizer.

(II) Vaporizers with capacity not more than 35 gallons per hour must be at

least 5 feet from container shutoff valves. Vaporizers with capacity of more

than 35 gallons but not more than 100 gallons per hour must be at least

10 feet from the container shutoff valves. Vaporizers with a capacity more

than 100 gallons per hour must be at least 15 feet from container shutoff

valves.

(iii) Vaporizers may be in buildings, rooms, housings, sheds, or lean-tos used

exclusively for vaporizing or mixing of liquefied petroleum gas. Vaporizing

housing structures must be of non-combustible construction, well ventilated near

the floorline and the highest point of the roof. When vaporizer and/or mixing

equipment is located in a structure or room attached to or within a building, such

structure or room must be separated from the remainder of the building by a wall

that can withstand a static pressure of at least 100 pounds per square foot. This

wall must have no openings or pipes or conduit passing through it. Such

structure or room must have adequate ventilation, and must have a roof or at

least one exterior wall of lightweight construction.

(iv) Vaporizers must have at or near the discharge, a relief valve with an effective

discharge rate complying with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(C). The relief valve must

not be subjected to temperatures more than 140 degrees F.

(v) Vaporizers must have suitable automatic means to prevent liquid passing from

the vaporizer to the gas discharge piping of the vaporizer.

(vi) Vaporizers must have means for manually turning off the gas to the main

burner and pilot.

(vii) Vaporizers must have automatic devices to shut off the flow of gas to main

burners if the pilot light should fail. When the flow through the pilot is more than

2,000 B.t.u. per hour, the pilot also must have an automatic device to shut off the

flow of gas to the pilot if the pilot flame goes out.

(viii) Pressure regulating and pressure reducing equipment if within 10 feet of a

direct fire vaporizer must be separated from the open flame by a substantially

airtight noncombustible partition or partitions.

(ix) Except as in (iii), keep the following minimum distances between direct fired

vaporizers and the nearest building or group of buildings:

Ten feet for vaporizers with a capacity of 15 gallons per hour or less

vaporizing capacity.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-33 (3)(j)(C) – (3)(j)(D)

Twenty-five feet for vaporizers with a vaporizing capacity of 16 to 100 gallons

per hour.

Fifty feet for vaporizers with a vaporizing capacity more than 100 gallons per

hour.

(x) Direct fired vaporizers must not raise the product pressure above the design

pressure of the vaporizer equipment or raise the product pressure within the

storage container above the pressure in the second column of Table H-8.

(xi) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs.

(xii) Vaporizers must not have unprotected drains to sewers or sump pits.

(D) Install and use direct gas-fired tank heaters as follows:

(i) Direct gas-fired tank heaters, and tanks to which they are applied, must only be

aboveground.

(ii) Tank heaters must have permanent markings with the name of the

manufacturer, the rated B.t.u. input to the burner, and the maximum vaporizing

capacity in gallons per hour.

(iii) Tank heaters may be an integral part of a fuel storage container directly

connected to the container liquid section, or vapor section, or both.

(iv) Tank heaters must have a means for manually turning off the gas to the main

burner and pilot.

(v) Tank heaters must have an automatic device to shut off the flow of gas to

main burners, if the pilot light should fail. When flow through pilot exceeds

2,000 B.t.u. per hour, the pilot also must have an automatic safety device to

shut off the gas to the pilot if the pilot flame goes out.

(vi) Separate pressure regulating and pressure reducing equipment if within

10 feet of a direct fired tank heater, from the open flame by a substantially airtight

noncombustible partition.

(vii) Keep these minimum distances between a storage tank heated by a direct

fired tank heater and the nearest important building or group of buildings:

Ten feet for storage containers of less than 500 gallons water capacity.

Twenty-five feet for storage containers of 500 to 1,200 gallons water capacity.

Fifty feet for storage containers of over 1,200 gallons water capacity.

(viii) No direct fired tank heater must raise the product pressure within the

storage container over 75 percent of the pressure set out in the second column of

Table H-8.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(j)(E) – (3)(k)(A) H-34 437-004-0780

(E) The vaporizer section of vaporizer-burners used for dehydrators or dryers must

be outside of buildings and as follows:

(i) Vaporizer-burners must have a minimum design pressure of 250 p.s.i.g. with a

factor of safety of five.

(ii) Manually operated positive shut-off valves must be at the containers to shut

off all flow to the vaporizer-burners.

(iii) Minimum distances between storage containers and vaporizer-burners is as

follows:

Water capacity per container (gallons)

Minimum distances (feet)

Less than 501 .....................…………………..

501 to 2,000 ........................…………………..

Over 2,000 ..........................…………………..

(iv) The vaporizer section of vaporizer-burners must have a hydrostatic relief

valve. The relief valve must not be subjected to temperatures more than of

140 degrees F. The start-to-discharge pressure setting must be set protect the

components involved, but not less than 250 p.s.i.g. The discharge must be

upward and away from component parts of the equipment and away from

operating personnel.

(v) Vaporizer-burners must have means for manually turning off the gas to the

main burner and pilot.

(vi) Vaporizer-burners must have automatic devices to shut off the flow of gas to

the main burner and pilot if it goes out.

(vii) Locate or protect pressure regulating and control equipment so that the

temperatures surrounding this equipment do not exceed 140 degrees F. except

that you may use equipment components at higher temperatures if designed to

withstand such temperatures.

(viii) Pressure regulating and control equipment when downstream of the

vaporizer must be able to withstand the maximum discharge temperature of the

vapor.

(ix) The vaporizer section of vaporizer-burners must not have fusible plugs.

(x) Vaporizer coils or jackets must be ferrous metal or high temperature alloys.

(xi) Equipment using vaporizer-burners must have automatic shutoff devices

upstream and downstream of the vaporizer section connected to operate in case

of excessive temperature, flame failure, and, if applicable, insufficient airflow.

(k) Filling densities.

(A) The “filling density” is the percent ratio of the weight of the gas in a container to

the weight of water the container will hold at 60 degrees F. Fill containers according

to the filling densities in Table 5.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-35 (3)(k)(A) Table 5 – (3)(l)(B)

Table 5 - Maximum Permitted Filling Density

Specific gravity at

60° F. (15.6 ° C.)

Aboveground containers

Underground

containers,

all capacities

0 to 1,200 U.S. gals.

(1,000) imp. gal., 4,550

liters) total water cap.

0 to 1,200 U.S. gals.

(1,000) imp. gal., 4,550

liters) total water cap.

0.496 - 0.503

.504 - .510

.511 - .519

.520 - .527

.528 - .536

.537 - .544

.545 - .552

.553 - .560

.561 - .568

.569 - .576

.577 - .584

.585 - .592

.593 - .600

Percent

(B) Except as in (3)(k)(C) below, any container including mobile cargo tanks and

portable tank containers, shipped under DOT jurisdiction or made according to

49 CFR Chapter I Specifications must be charged according to 49 CFR Chapter I

requirements.

motor fuel containers on industrial and lift trucks, and farm tractors in OAR 437-004-

0780(6), or containers recharged at the installation) may be filled either by weight, or

by volume using a fixed length dip tube gaging device.

(l) LP-Gas in buildings.

(A) Pipe vapor into buildings at pressures more than 20 p.s.i.g. only if the buildings

or separate areas, (a) comply with this section; (b) are used only for vaporization

equipment, pressure reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or distribution, or

to house internal combustion engines, industrial processes, research and

experimental laboratories, or equipment and processes using such gas and with a

similar hazard; (c) buildings, structures, or equipment under construction or

undergoing major renovation.

(B) Liquid is permitted in buildings as follows:

(i) Buildings, or separate areas of buildings, used exclusively to house equipment

for vaporization, pressure reduction, gas mixing, gas manufacturing, or

distribution, or to house internal combustion engines, industrial processes,

research and experimental laboratories, or equipment and processes using

such gas and having a similar hazard; and when such buildings, or separate

areas are constructed according to this section.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(l)(B) – (3)(m)(A) H-36 437-004-0780

(ii) Buildings, structures, or equipment under construction or undergoing major

renovation if the temporary piping meets the following conditions:

(I) Liquid piping inside the building must conform to the requirements of

OAR 437-004-0780(3)(g), and must not exceed three-fourths iron pipe size.

Copper tubing with an outside diameter of 3/4-inch or less is acceptable if it

conforms to Type K of Specifications for Seamless Water Tube, ANSI H23.1-

1970 (ASTM B88-69) (see Table 24). All such piping must have protection

against construction hazards. Liquid piping inside buildings must be kept

to a minimum. Fasten such piping securely to walls or other surfaces for

adequate protection from breakage and place it to subject the liquid line to

lowest ambient temperatures.

(II) There must be a shutoff valve in each intermediate branch line where it

takes off the main line. A shutoff valve must also be at the appliance end of

the intermediate branch line. Such shutoff valves must be upstream of any

flexible connector used with the appliance.

(III) Suitable excess flow valves must be in the container outlet line supplying

liquid LP-Gas to the building. A suitable excess flow valve must be

immediately downstream of each shutoff valve. Suitable excess flow valves

must be installed and sized where piping size is reduced.

(IV) Hydrostatic relief valves must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(l).

(V) Do not use hose to carry liquid between the container and the building or

at any point in the liquid line, except at the appliance connector.

(VI) Where flexible connectors are necessary for appliance installation, make

them as short as practicable and they must comply with OAR 437-004-0780

(3)(g)(B) or (h).

(VII) Minimize the release of fuel by either of the following methods when any

section of piping or appliances is disconnected:

directions when coupled in the fuel line), or

(D) Closing the valve nearest to the appliance and allowing the appliance to operate

until the fuel in the line is consumed.

(E) Do not take portable containers into buildings except as in OAR 437-004-0780

(3)(e)(A).

(m) Transfer of liquids. The employer must assure that:

(A) At least one attendant stays close to the transfer connection, during the transfer

of the product.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-37 (3)(m)(B) – (3)(m)(L)

(B) Do not use or refill containers made according to 49 CFR Part 178 and

authorized by 49 CFR Chapter 1 as a “single trip” or “nonrefillable container.”

container to another, except as in OAR 437-004-0780(6)(e)(D). This does not

preclude the use of listed pumps that use LP-Gas vapor as a source of energy. They

may vent to the atmosphere at a rate not more than that from a .1200-inch opening.

Such venting and liquid transfer must be at least 50 feet from the nearest building.

(D) Filling of fuel containers for industrial trucks or motor vehicles from industrial bulk

storage containers must be at least 10 feet from the nearest masonry-walled building

or at least 25 feet from the nearest building or other construction and in any case, not

less than 25 feet from any building opening.

(E) Filling of portable containers, containers on skids, fuel containers on farm

tractors, or similar applications, from storage containers used in domestic or

commercial service, must be at least 50 feet from the nearest building.

(F) The filling connection and the vent from the liquid level gages in containers, filled

at point of installation, must be at least 10 feet in any direction from air openings into

sealed combustion system appliances or mechanical ventilation air intakes.

(G) Gage and charge fuel supply containers only in the open air or in buildings

especially for that purpose.

(H) The maximum vapor pressure of the product at 100 degrees F. during transfer

into a container must comply with paragraphs OAR 437-004-0780(c)(2) and (d)(3).

(For DOT containers use DOT requirements.)

(I) Use only gases for which the system is designed, examined, and listed, particularly

regarding pressures.

(J) Pumps or compressors must be designed for use with LP-Gas. When using

compressors they must take suction from the vapor space of the container being

filled and discharge to the vapor space of the container being emptied.

(K) Pumping systems, with a positive displacement pump, must have a recirculating

device that limits the differential pressure on the pump under normal operating

conditions to its maximum differential pressure rating. Protect the discharge of the

pumping system so that pressure is never more than 350 p.s.i.g. If a recirculation

system discharges into the supply tank and has a manual shutoff valve, there must

be an adequate secondary safety recirculation system that has no means of making

it inoperative. Manual shutoff valves in recirculation systems must be open except

during an emergency or when the system is under repair.

(L) When necessary, unloading piping or hoses must have suitable bleeder valves to

relieve pressure before disconnection.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(m)(M) – (3)(n)(H) H-38 437-004-0780

(M) Agricultural air moving equipment, including crop dryers, must be off when filling

supply containers unless the air intakes and sources of ignition are at least 50 feet

from the container.

(N) Agricultural equipment using open flames or equipment with integral containers,

such as flame cultivators, weed burners, and, tractors, must be off during refueling.

(n) Tank car or transport truck loading or unloading points and operations.

(A) The track of tank car sidings must be relatively level.

(B) A “Tank Car Connected” sign, as covered by DOT rules, must be at the active

end or ends of the siding while the tank car is connected.

ends.

(D) The employer must insure that an employee is always present during loading or

unloading of tank cars or trucks.

(E) A backflow check valve, excess-flow valve, or a shutoff valve with means of

remote closing, to protect against uncontrolled discharge of LP-Gas from storage

tank piping must be close to the point where the liquid piping and hose or swing joint

pipe connect.

(F) Except as in (3)(n)(G) below, when the size (diameter) of the loading or unloading

hoses and/or piping is reduced below the size of the tank car or transport truck

loading or unloading connections, the adaptors to which lines are attached must have

either a backflow check valve, a properly sized excess flow valve, or shutoff valve

with means of remote closing, to protect against uncontrolled discharge from the tank

car or transport truck.

(G) The requirement of (3)(n)(F) above does not apply if the tank car or transport has

a quick-closing internal valve that remotely closes.

(H) The location of the tank car or transport truck loading or unloading point must

consider the following:

(i) Nearness to railroads and highway traffic.

(ii) With respect to buildings on installer’s property.

(iii) Nature of occupancy.

(iv) Topography.

(v) Type of construction of buildings.

(vi) Number of tank cars or transport trucks that may be safely loaded or

unloaded at one time.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-39 (3)(n)(H) – (3)(p)(E) Table 6

(vii) Frequency of loading or unloading.

(I) Where practical, the distance of the unloading or loading point must conform to the

distances in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(B).

(o) Instructions. Personnel performing installation, removal, operation, and

maintenance work must have proper training.

(p) Electrical equipment and other sources of ignition.

(A) Fixed electrical equipment in classified areas must comply with OAR 437-004-

0780(q). Other electrical equipment and wiring must comply with Subdivision 4/S.

(B) There must be no open flames or other sources of ignition in vaporizer rooms

(except those housing direct-fired vaporizers), pump houses, container charging

rooms or other similar locations. Direct-fired vaporizers may not be in pump houses

or container charging rooms.

(D) Since liquefied petroleum gas is in a closed system of piping and equipment, the

system does not need to be electrically conductive or electrically bonded for

protection against static electricity.

(E) Open flames, cutting or welding, portable electric tools, and extension lights

capable of igniting LP-Gas, must not be in classified areas in Table 6 unless the LP-

Gas facilities are free of all liquid and vapor.

Table 6

Part

Location

Extent of classification area

Equipment shall be

suitable for Class 1,

Group D

Storage containers other

than DOT cylinders.

When 15 feet in all directions from

connections, except connections otherwise

covered in Table 28

Division 2

Tank vehicle and car

loading and unloading

Within 5 feet in all directions from connections

regularly made or disconnected for product

transfer

Division 1

Beyond 5 feet but within 15 feet in all directions

from a point where connections are regularly

made or disconnected and within the cylindrical

volume between the horizontal equator of the

sphere and grade. (See Figure 1)

Division 2

Gage vent openings other

than those on DOT cylin-

ders.

Within 5 feet in all directions from point of

discharge

Division 1

Beyond 5 feet but within 15 feet in all directions

from point of discharge

Division 2

(continued on next page.)

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(p)(E) Table 6 H-40 437-004-0780

Table 6 (Continued)

Part

Location

Extent of classification area

Equipment shall be

suitable for Class 1,

Group D

Relief valve discharge

other than those on DOT

cylinders.

Within direct path of discharge

Division 1

Within 5 feet in all directions from point of

discharge

Division 1

Beyond 5 feet but within 15 feet in all directions

from point of discharge except within the direct

path of discharge

Division 2

Pumps, compressors,

gas-air mixers and

vaporizers other than

direct fired.

..............................................……………………

Indoors without

ventilation.

Entire room and any adjacent room not

separated by a gas-tight partition

Division 1

Within 15 feet of the exterior side of any

exterior wall or roof that is not vapor-tight or

within 15 feet of any exterior opening

Division 2

Indoors with adequate

ventilation

Entire room and any adjacent room not

separated by a gas-tight partition

Division 2

Outdoors in open air at or

above grade.

Within 15 feet in all directions from this

equipment and within the cylindrical volume

between the horizontal equator of the sphere

and grade. (See Figure 1)

Division 2

Service Station

Dispensing Units.

Entire space within dispenser enclosure, and

18 inches horizontally from enclosure exterior

up to an elevation 4 feet above dispenser base.

Entire pit or open space beneath dispenser

Division 1

Up to 18 inches above grade within 20 feet

horizontally from any edge of enclosure

Division 2

NOTE: For pits within this area, see Part F of

this table.

Pits or trenches contain-

ing or located beneath

LP-Gas valves, pumps,

compressors, regulators,

and similar equipment.

.........................................................……………

Without mechanical

ventilation

Entire pit or trench

Division 1

Entire room and any adjacent room not

separated by a gas-tight partition

Division 1

Within 15 feet in all directions from pit or trench

when located outdoors

Division 2

With adequate

mechanical ventilation

Entire pit or trench

Division 2

Entire room and any adjacent room not

separated by a gas-tight partition

Division 2

Within 15 feet in all directions from pit or trench

when located outdoors

Division 2

(continued on next page.)

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-41 (3)(p)(E) Table 6

Table 6 (Continued)

Part

Location

Extent of classification area

Equipment shall be

suitable for Class 1,

Group D

Special buildings or

rooms for storage of

portable containers.

Entire room

Division 2

Pipelines and

connections containing

operational bleeds, drips,

vents or drains.

Within 5 feet in all directions from point of

discharge

Beyond 5 feet from point of discharge, same as

Part E of this table

Division 1

Container filling:

Indoors without ventilation

Entire room

Division 1

Within 5 feet in all directions from connections

regularly made or disconnected for product

transfer

Division 1

Indoors with adequate

ventilation

Beyond 5 feet and entire room

Division 2

Outdoors in open air

Within 5 feet in all directions from connections

regularly made or disconnected for product

transfer

Division 1

Beyond 5 feet but within 15 feet in all directions

from a point where connections are regularly

made or disconnected and within the cylindrical

volume between the horizontal equator of the

sphere and grade. (See Figure 1)

Division 2

The classified area must not go beyond an unpierced wall, roof, or solid vapor-tight partition.

See Subpart S of this part.

When classifying extent of hazardous area, consider possible variations in the spotting of tank cars and tank vehicles at

the unloading points and the effect these variations of actual spotting point may have on the point of connection.

Ventilation, either natural or mechanical, is adequate when the concentration of the gas in a gas-air mixture does not

exceed 25 percent of the lower flammable limit.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(p)(E) Figure 1 – (3)(r)(D) H-42 437-004-0780

Figure 1

(q) Fixed electrical equipment in classified areas. Fixed electrical equipment and

wiring in classified areas in Table 6 must comply with Table 6 and Subdivision 4/S.

This provision does not apply to fixed electrical equipment at residential or commercial

installations of LP-Gas systems or to systems covered by OAR 437-004-0780(4).

(r) Liquid-level gaging device.

(A) Each container made after December 31, 1965, and filled on a volumetric basis

must have a fixed liquid-level gage to indicate the maximum filling level as in OAR

437-004-0780(b)(19)(v). Each container made after December 31, 1969, must have

permanently attached to the container adjacent to the fixed level gage a marking

showing the percentage full that will be shown by that gage. When there is also a

variable liquid-level gage, the fixed gage will also serve as a way to check the

variable gage. OAR 437-004-0780(b)(12) requires these gages in charging

containers.

(B) Arrange all variable gaging devices so that the maximum allowed liquid level for

butane, for a 50 – 50 mixture of butane and propane, and for propane, is readily

determinable. The markings indicating the various liquid levels from empty to full

must be on the system nameplate or gaging device or part may be on the system

nameplate and part on the gaging device. Dials of magnetic or rotary gages must

show whether they are for cylindrical or spherical containers and whether for

aboveground or underground service. The dials of gages intended for use only on

aboveground containers of over 1,200 gallons water capacity must be so marked.

the rotary tube, fixed tube, and slip tube, must have a bleed valve maximum opening

not larger than .0550-inch, unless they have an excess flow valve.

(D) Gaging devices must have a design working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g.

Figure 1

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-43 (3)(r)(E)

(E) Length of tube or position of fixed liquid-level gage must indicate the maximum fill

level of the container for the product contained. This level must be based on the

volume of the product at 40 degrees F. at its maximum permitted filling density for

aboveground containers and at 50 degrees F. for underground containers. The

employer must calculate the filling point for which the fixed liquid level gage must be

designed according to the method in this subdivision.

(i) It is impossible to set out in a table the length of a fixed dip tube for various

capacity tanks because of the varying tank diameters and lengths and because

the tank may be installed either in a vertical or horizontal position. Knowing the

maximum permitted filling volume in gallons, however, the length of the fixed

tube can be determined by the use of a strapping table obtained from the

container manufacturer. The length of the fixed tube should be such that when its

lower end touches the surface of the liquid in the container, the contents of the

container will be the maximum permitted volume as determined by the following

formula:

[(Water capacity (gals.) of container* X filling density**) ÷ (Specific gravity of LP-Gas* X

volume correction factor X 100)] = Maximum volume of LP-Gas

* Measured at 60 degrees F.

** From subparagraph (12) of this paragraph “Filling Densities.”

For aboveground containers the liquid temperature is assumed to be 40 degrees

F. and for underground containers the liquid temperature is assumed to be

50 degrees F. To correct the liquid volumes at these temperatures to 60 degrees

F. the following factors shall be used.

(ii) Formula for determining maximum volume of liquefied petroleum gas for

which a fixed length of dip tube must be set:

Table 7 – Volume Correction Factors

Specific gravity

Aboveground

Underground

0.500

.510

.520

.530

.540

.550

.560

.570

.580

.590

1.033

1.031

1.029

1.028

1.026

1.025

1.024

1.023

1.021

1.020

1.017

1.016

1.015

1.014

1.013

1.012

1.011

1.010

(iii) The maximum volume of LP-Gas that can be in a container when determining

the length of the dip tube expressed as a percentage of total water content of the

container is calculated by the following formula.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(r)(E) – (3)(r)(H) H-44 437-004-0780

(iv) The maximum weight of LP-Gas which may be placed in a container for

determining the length of a fixed dip tube is determined by multiplying the

maximum volume of liquefied petroleum gas obtained by the formula in (3)(r)(E)(i)

above by the pounds of liquefied petroleum gas in a gallon at 40 degrees F. for

aboveground and at 50 degrees F. for underground containers. For example,

typical pounds per gallon are below:

Example: Assume a 100-gallon total water capacity tank for aboveground storage of

propane having a specific gravity of 0.510 of 60º F.

[(100 (gals.) X 42 (filling density from OAR 437-004-0780(3)(k)) ÷ (0.510 X 1.031

(correction factor from Table 7) X 100)] = (4200 ÷ 52.6)

(4200 ÷ 52.6) = 79.8 gallons propane, the maximum amount permitted to be placed in a

100-gallon total water capacity aboveground container with a fixed dip tube.

[(Maximum volume of LP-Gas (from formula in Table 7) X 100) ÷ Total water content of

container in gallons] = Maximum percent of LP-Gas

Aboveground,

pounds per gallon

Underground,

pounds per gallon

Propane

N Butane

4.37

4.97

4.31

4.92

(F) Fixed liquid-level gages on containers other than DOT containers must be

stamped on the exterior of the gage with the letters “DT” followed by the vertical

distance (expressed in inches and carried out to one decimal place) from the top of

container to the end of the dip tube or to the centerline of the gage when it is at the

maximum permitted filling level. For portable containers that may be filled in the

horizontal and/or vertical position the letters “DT” must be followed by “V” with the

vertical distance from the top of the container to the end of the dip tube for vertical

filling and with “H” followed by the proper distance for horizontal filling. For DOT

containers the stamping must be both on the exterior of the gage and on the

container. On aboveground or cargo containers where the gages are positioned at

specific levels, the marking may be in percent of total tank contents and the

marking must be on the container.

(G) Columnar gage glasses must be restricted to charging plants where the fuel is

withdrawn in the liquid only. They must have valves with metallic handwheels,

excess flow valves, and extra-heavy glass adequately protected with a metal housing

applied by the gage manufacturer. They must be shielded against the direct rays of

the sun. Do not use columnar gage glasses on tank trucks, motor fuel tanks or on

containers used in domestic, commercial, and industrial installations.

(H) Gaging devices of the float, or equivalent type that do not require flow for their

operation and with connections extending to a point outside the container do not

have to have excess flow valves if the piping and fittings will withstand the container

pressure and are properly protected against physical damage.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-45 (3)(s)(A) – (4)(c)

(s) Requirements for appliances.

(A) Except as in (3)(s)(B) below, new commercial and industrial gas consuming

appliances must be approved.

(B) If an appliance was made to use a gas other than LP-Gas, it may be used with

LP-Gas only after it is properly converted, adapted and tested for performance before

placing it in use.

have an approved automatic device to shut off the gas if the flame goes out.

(D) Install all agricultural appliances or equipment according to the requirements of

this section and the following:

(i) Domestic and commercial appliances – NFPA 54-1969, Standard for the

Installation of Gas Appliances and Gas Piping.

(ii) Industrial appliances – NFPA 54A-1969, Standard for the Installation of Gas

Piping and Gas Equipment on Industrial Premises and Certain Other Premises.

(iii) Standard for the Installation and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines and

Gas Turbines – NFPA 37-1970.

(4) Cylinder systems.

(a) Application. This paragraph applies specifically to systems using DOT containers.

All requirements of OAR 437-004-0780(3) apply to this paragraph unless otherwise

noted in OAR 437-004-0780(3).

(b) Marking of containers.

(A) Container markings must comply with DOT regulations. Additional markings not

in conflict with DOT regulations are acceptable.

(B) Each container must show its water capacity in pounds or other identified unit of

weight unless it is filled and maintained only by the owner or their representative and

the water capacity is identified by a code.

weight including all permanently attached fittings but not the cap.

containers, container valves, connectors, manifold valve assembly, regulators, and relief

valves.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(d)(A) – (4)(e)(A) H-46 437-004-0780

(d) Containers and regulating equipment outside of buildings or structures.

(A) Do not bury containers. This does not prohibit installation below grade level if the

container and regulating equipment do not contact the ground. The area must have

drainage and ventilate horizontally to the outside air from its lowest level. The outlet

must be at least 3 feet away from any building opening that is below it.

(B) Except as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(M), the discharge from safety relief devices

must be at least 3 feet horizontally away from any building opening below the level of

discharge and must not end beneath any building unless the space has good

ventilation and only two enclosed sides.

outlet pipes with a flexible or special fitting.

(e) Containers and equipment inside buildings or structures.

(A) When you must use portable containers inside buildings or structures follow (i)

through (xii) below, and other parts of this subparagraph (A) that apply.

(i) Use containers with and connect only to compatible equipment or appliances.

(ii) Systems using containers with a water capacity more than 2 1/2 pounds

(nominal 1-pound LP-Gas capacity) must have excess flow valves. The valves

must be integral either with the container valves or in the connections to the

container valve outlets. In either case, an excess flow valve must prevent strain

beyond the excess flow valve from causing a break between the container and

the valve.

(iii) Regulators must be connect directly either to the container valves or to

manifolds connected to the container values. The regulator must be suitable for

use with LP-Gas. Manifolds and fittings connecting containers to pressure

regulator inlets must withstand at least 250 p.s.i.g. service pressure.

(iv) Protect valves on containers with a water capacity more than 50 pounds

(nominal 20 pounds LP-Gas capacity) while in use.

(v) Containers must have markings that comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(d)(C)

and (4)(b).

(vi) Pipe or tubing must conform to OAR 437-004-0780(3)(g). Do not use

aluminum pipe or tubing.

(vii)

(I) Hose must have a working pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. Hose and hose

connections must be listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. The

hose length may be more than the length in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(h)(G)(ii),

but must be as short as practicable. Refer to §1910.7 for definition of

nationally recognized testing laboratory.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-47 (4)(e)(A) – (4)(e)(C)

(II) Hose must be long enough to permit compliance with spacing provisions

of this subparagraph without kinking or straining or causing hose to be so

close to a burner as to be damaged by heat.

(viii) Portable heaters, including salamanders, must have an approved automatic

device to shut off the gas if the flame goes out. Heaters with inputs more than

50,000 B.t.u. made on or after May 17, 1967, and heaters with inputs more than

100,000 B.t.u. made before May 17, 1967, must have either:

(I) A pilot that must light before the main burner can be turned on; or

(II) An electric ignition system.

This paragraph (viii) does not apply to tar kettle burners, torches, melting pots,

nor to portable heaters less than 7,500 B.t.u.h. input used with containers with

a maximum water capacity of 2 1/2 pounds. Do not use container valves,

connectors, regulators, manifolds, piping, and tubing as structural supports for

heaters.

(ix) Locate containers, regulating equipment, manifolds, pipe, tubing, and hose to

minimize exposure to abnormally high temperatures, physical damage, or

tampering by unauthorized persons.

(x) Locate and use heat producing equipment in a way that minimizes the

possibility of ignition of combustibles.

(xi) Containers with a water capacity more than 2 1/2 pounds (nominal 1-pound

LP-Gas capacity) connected for use, must be upright on a firm and level surface.

(xii) Containers, including the valve protective devices, must be installed to

minimize the probability of impingement of discharge of safety relief devices on

containers.

(B) Containers with a maximum water capacity of 2 1/2 pounds (nominal 1-pound

LP-Gas capacity) are allowed inside buildings as part of approved self-contained

hand torch assemblies or similar appliances.

renovation and not occupied by the public, as follows:

(i) The maximum water capacity of individual containers is 245 pounds (nominal

100 pounds LP-Gas capacity).

(ii) For temporary heating such as curing concrete, drying plaster and similar

applications, heaters (other than integral heater-container units) must be at

least 6 feet from any LP-Gas container. This does not prohibit the use of heaters

designed for attachment to the container or to a supporting standard, if they do

not allow direct or radiant heat application onto the container. Blower and radiant

type heaters must not point toward any LP-Gas container within 20 feet.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(e)(C) – (4)(g)(B) H-48 437-004-0780

(iii) If two or more heater-container units, of either the integral or non-integral

type, are in an unpartitioned area on the same floor, separate them by at least

20 feet.

(iv) Storage of containers awaiting use must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(7).

(D) Containers are allowed in buildings for temporary emergency heating purposes,

to prevent damage to the buildings or contents, when the permanent heating system

is temporarily out of service, as follows:

(i) Containers and heaters must comply with and be used according to OAR 437-

004-0780(4)(e)(C).

(ii) Do not leave the temporary heating equipment unattended.

(f) Container valves and accessories.

(A) Valves in the assembly of multiple container systems must allow replacement of

containers without shutting off the flow of gas in the system.

NOTE: This does not require an automatic changeover device.

(B) Firmly attach regulators and low-pressure relief devices to the cylinder valves,

cylinders, supporting standards or the building walls. The weather must not affect

their operation.

while being moved into final use, as follows:

(i) By setting into the recess of the container to prevent their being struck if the

container is dropped on a flat surface, or

(ii) By ventilated cap or collar, fastened to the container and strong enough to

prevent the force of a blow from affecting the valve or other connection.

(D) Keep outlet valves tightly closed or plugged on unconnected containers, although

the containers are empty.

(E) Containers with a water capacity more than 50 pounds (approximately 21 pounds

LP-Gas capacity), recharged at the installation, must have excess flow or backflow

check valves to prevent the discharge of contents in case of failure of the filling or

equalizing connection.

(g) Safety devices.

(A) Containers must have safety devices as required by DOT regulations.

(B) A final stage regulator of an LP-Gas system (excluding any appliance regulator)

must have on the low-pressure side with a relief valve set to start to discharge within

the limits in Table 8.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

(4)(g)(B) Table 8 –

437-004-0780 H-49 (5)(b) Table 9

Table 8

Regulator delivery pressure

Relief valve start-to-discharge pressure setting

(percent of regulator delivery pressure)

Minimum

Maximum

1 p.s.i.g. or less

Above 1 p.s.i.g. but not over 3 p.s.i.g

Above 3 p.s.i.g

200

140

125

300

200

purposes in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(A)(i) through (vii), vent the relief valve and

the space above the regulator and relief valve diaphragms to the outside air with the

discharge outlet at least 3 feet horizontally away from any building opening below the

discharge. This does not apply to protected individual appliance regulators nor to

OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e) and (3)(i)(m).

(h) Reinstallation of containers. Do not reinstall containers unless they requalify

according to DOT regulations.

(i) Permissible product. Do not put a product in a container marked with a

service pressure less than four-fifths of the maximum vapor pressure of the product at

130 degrees F.

(5) Systems using containers other than DOT containers.

(a) Application. This paragraph applies specifically to systems using storage containers

other than those that comply with DOT specifications. OAR 437-004-0780(3) applies

unless otherwise noted in OAR 437-004-0780(3).

(b) Design pressure and classification of storage containers. Storage containers must

comply with Table 9.

Table 9

Container

type

For gasses with

vapor press. Not

to exceed lb. per

sq. in. gage at

100º F. (37.8º C.)

Minimum design pressure of container, lb. per sq. in. gage

1949 and earlier

editions of ASME

Code (Par. U-68,

U-69)

1949 edition of ASME Code (Par.

U-200, U-201); 1950, 1952, 1956,

1959, 1962, 1965 and 1968

(Division 1) editions of ASME Code

100

125

150

175

200

100

125

150

175

215

100

125

150

175

200

100

125

156

187

219

250

Type 80 storage containers have not been legal since Dec. 31, 1947.

The container type may increase in increments of 25. The minimum design pressure of containers is 100 percent of the

container type designation when made under 1949 or earlier editions of the ASME Code (Par. U-68 and U-69). The mini-

mum design pressure of containers is 125 percent of the container type designation when made under: (1) the 1949 ASME

Code (Par. U-200 and U-201), (2) 1950, 1952, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1965, and 1968 (Division 1) editions of the ASME Code.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(c)(A) – (5)(c)(D) H-50 437-004-0780

(A) The filling pipe inlet terminal must not be inside a building. For containers with a

water capacity of 125 gallons or more, such terminals must be at least 10 feet from

any building, 5 feet or more from a driveway (see OAR 437-004-0780(3)(e)(B)) and

in a protective housing built for the purpose.

(B) The filling connection must have one of the following:

(i) Combination back-pressure check valve and excess flow valve.

(ii) One double or two single back-pressure check valves.

(iii) A positive shutoff valve, with either:

(I) An internal back-pressure valve, or

(II) An internal excess flow valve.

except in the following: Filling connections in OAR 437-004-0780(5)(c)(B); safety

relief connections, liquid-level gaging devices OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(D); pressure

gage connections in (3)(f)(E).

(D) If the following exist, you do not need an excess flow valve in the withdrawal

service line:

(i) Such systems’ total water capacity does not exceed 2,000 U.S. gallons.

(ii) Control of the discharge from the service outlet is by a manual shutoff valve

that is:

(I) Threaded directly into the service outlet of the container; or

(II) Is an integral part of a substantial fitting threaded into or on the service

outlet of the container; or

(III) Threaded directly into a substantial fitting threaded into or on the service

outlet of the container.

(iii) The shutoff valve has an attached handwheel or the equivalent.

(iv) The controlling orifice between the contents of the container and the outlet

of the shutoff valve is not more than 5/16-inch in diameter for vapor withdrawal

systems and 1/8-inch in diameter for liquid withdrawal systems.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-51 (5)(c)(D) – (5)(d)(A)

(v) An approved pressure-reducing regulator is directly attached to the outlet of

the shutoff valve and is rigidly supported, or that an approved pressure-reducing

regulator is attached to the outlet of the shutoff valve with a suitable flexible

connection, if the regulator has adequate support and protection on or at the tank.

(E) All inlet and outlet connections except safety relief valves, liquid level gaging

devices and pressure gages on containers of 2,000 gallons water capacity, or more,

and on any container that supplies fuel directly to an internal combustion engine,

must have labeling to show whether they communicate with vapor or liquid space.

Labels may be on valves.

(F) Instead of an excess flow valve, openings may have a quick-closing internal valve

that, except during operating periods remains closed. The internal mechanism for

such valves may have a secondary control that must have a fusible plug (not more

than 220 degrees melting point) that closes the internal valve automatically in case of

fire.

(G) There can be only two plugged openings on a container of 2,000 gallons or less

water capacity.

(H) Containers of 125 gallons water capacity or more made after July 1, 1961,

must have an approved device for liquid evacuation. The minimum size is

3/4-inch National Pipe Thread minimum. A plugged opening does not satisfy

this requirement.

(d) Safety devices.

(A) All safety devices must comply with the following:

(i) All container safety relief devices must be on the containers and have a direct

link with the vapor space of the container.

(ii) Protect safety relief device discharge terminals against physical damage and

such discharge pipes must have loose rain caps. There can be no return bends

or restrictive pipe fittings.

(iii) Discharge lines from two or more safety relief devices on the same unit, or

similar lines from two or more different units, may be run into a common

discharge header, if the cross-sectional area of the header is at least equal to the

sum of the cross-sectional areas of the individual discharge lines, and the setting

of safety relief valves are the same.

(iv) Each storage container of more than 2,000 gallons water capacity must have

a suitable pressure gage.

(v) A final stage regulator of an LP-Gas system (excluding any appliance

regulator) must have, on the low-pressure side, a relief valve set to start to

discharge within the limits in Table 8.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(d)(A) – (5)(e)(B) H-52 437-004-0780

(vi) When a regulator or pressure relief valve is inside a building, it and the

space above the regulator and relief valve diaphragms must vent to the outside

air. The discharge outlet must be at least 3 feet horizontally away from any

opening into the building that is below such discharge. (This does not apply to

protected individual appliance regulators.)

(B) Provide safety devices for aboveground containers as follows:

(i) Containers aboveground of 1,200 gallons water capacity or less that may

contain liquid fuel must have a spring-loaded relief valve or valves with a rate of

discharge required by OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(B). In addition to the required

spring-loaded relief valve(s), you can use suitable fuse plug(s) if their total

discharge area for each container is not more than 0.25 square inches.

(ii) The fuse plugs must melt between 208 degrees F. and 220 degrees F. Relief

valves and fuse plugs must have a direct link with the container’s vapor space.

(iii) On a container with a water capacity more than 125 gallons, but not more

than 2,000 gallons, vent the discharge from the safety relief valves away from

the container vertically upwards and unobstructed to prevent any impingement of

escaping gas upon the container. Use loose-fitting rain caps. There must be a

way to drain condensate that may accumulate in the relief valve or its discharge

pipe.

(iv) On containers of 125 gallons water capacity or less, the discharge from safety

relief devices must be at least 5 feet horizontally away from any opening into the

building below the level of the discharge.

(v) On a container with a water capacity more than 2,000 gallons, the discharge

from the safety relief valves must vent away from the container vertically upwards

to a point at least 7 feet above the container, and unobstructed to the open air in

a way that prevents any impingement of escaping gas upon the container. Use

only loose-fitting rain caps. Condensation inside the safety relief valve or its

discharge pipe must not make the valve inoperative. If there is a drain, there

must be a way to protect the system against impingement of flame from ignition of

any product escaping from the drain.

(e) Vaporizers. Safety devices for vaporizers must be provided as follows:

(A) Vaporizers of less than 1-quart total capacity, heated by the ground or the

surrounding air, need not have safety relief valves if adequate tests certified by any of

the authorities in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(b), demonstrate that the assembly is safe

without them.

(B) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-53 (5)(f) – (5)(h)(D)

(f) Reinstallation of containers. Containers may be reinstalled if they do not show any

evidence of harmful external corrosion or other damage. Containers reinstalled

underground, must have corrosion resistant coating in good condition (see OAR 437-

004-0780 (5)(h)(D)). Containers reinstalled aboveground, must have safety devices and

gaging devices that comply with OAR 437-004-0780(5)(d) and OAR 437-004-0780(3)(r)

respectively.

(g) Capacity of containers. Maximum capacity for a storage container is 90,000 gallons

water capacity.

(h) Installation of storage containers.

(A) Aboveground containers, except as in (5)(h)(G) below, must have substantial

masonry or noncombustible structural supports on firm masonry foundation.

(B) Aboveground containers have support as follows:

(i) Horizontal containers must be on saddles in such a manner as to permit

expansion and contraction. Use structural metal supports only with approved

fire protection. There must be suitable means of preventing corrosion on the

part of the container that contacts the foundations or saddles.

(ii) Containers of 2,000 gallons water capacity or less may have non-fireproofed

ferrous metal supports if mounted on concrete pads or footings, and if the

distance from the outside bottom of the container shell to the concrete pad,

footing, or the ground is not more than 24 inches.

concrete pads or footings, and if the distance from the outside bottom of the

container to the ground is not more than 5 feet, if the container is in an isolated

location.

(D) Containers may be partially buried if the following requirements are met:

(i) The portion of the container below the surface and for a vertical distance not

less than 3 inches above the surface of the ground is protected to resist

corrosion, and the container is protected against settling and corrosion as

required for fully buried containers.

(ii) Spacing requirements must be as specified for underground tanks in OAR

437-004-0780(3)(f)(B).

(iii) Relief valve capacity must be as required for aboveground containers.

(iv) Container is not subject to vehicular damage, or has adequate protection

against such damage.

(v) Filling densities must be as required for aboveground containers.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(h)(E) – (5)(h)(G) H-54 437-004-0780

(E) The top of buried containers must be at least 6 inches below grade. Where an

underground container might be subject to abrasive action or physical damage due

to vehicular traffic or other causes, it must be:

(i) Not less than 2 feet below grade, or

(ii) Otherwise protected against such physical damage.

(iii) It will not be necessary to cover the portion of the container to which manhole

and other connections are affixed; however, where necessary, there must

be protection against vehicular damage. When necessary to prevent floating,

containers must be securely anchored or weighted.

(F)

(i) Containers must have a protective coating before being placed under ground.

This coating must be equivalent to hot-dip galvanizing or to two coatings of red

lead followed by a heavy coating of coal tar or asphalt. In lowering the container

into place, do not damage to the coating. Repair any damage to the coating must

before backfilling.

(ii) Containers must be on a firm foundation (firm earth is OK) and surrounded

with earth or sand firmly tamped in place.

(G) Containers with attached foundations (portable or semi-portable containers with

suitable steel “runners” or “skids” known in the industry as “skid tanks”) must comply

with these rules subject to the following:

(i) If they are for a given general location for a temporary period not longer than

6 months they need not have fire-resisting foundations or saddles but must have

adequate ferrous metal supports.

(ii) The outside bottom of the container shell must not be more than 5 feet above

the ground unless there are fire-resisting supports.

(iii) The bottom of the skids must be at least 2 inches but not more than

12 inches below the outside bottom of the container shell.

(iv) Flanges, nozzles, valves, fittings, and the like, having communication with the

interior of the container, must have protection against physical damage.

(v) When not permanently on fire-resisting foundations, piping connections must

be sufficiently flexible to minimize the possibility of breakage or leakage of

connections if the container settles, moves, or is otherwise displaced.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-55 (5)(h)(G) - (5)(o)

(vi) Secure skids or lugs for attachment of skids, to the container according to the

code or rules under which it was designed and built (with a minimum factor of

safety of four) to withstand loading in any direction equal to four times the weight

of the container and attachments when filled to the maximum permissible loaded

weight.

(H) Field welding where necessary must be made only on saddle plates or brackets

which were applied by the manufacturer of the tank.

(I) For aboveground containers, secure anchorage or adequate pier height must be

provided against possible container flotation wherever sufficiently high floodwater

might occur.

(J) When permanently installed containers are interconnected, compensate for

expansion, contraction, vibration, and settling of containers, and interconnecting

piping. Where flexible connections are used, they must be an approved type and

must designed for a bursting pressure of at least five times the vapor pressure of

the product at 100 degrees F. Do not use nonmetallic hose for permanently

interconnecting such containers.

(K) Container assemblies listed for interchangeable installation aboveground or

underground must conform to the requirements for aboveground installations with

respect to safety relief capacity and filling density. For installation aboveground all

other requirements for aboveground installations apply. For installation underground

all other requirements for underground installations apply.

(i) Protection of container accessories. Protect valves, regulating, gaging, and other

container accessory equipment against tampering and physical damage.

(j) Drips for condensed gas. Where vaporized gas on the low-pressure side of the

system may condense to a liquid at normal operating temperatures and pressures,

there must be suitable means for revaporization of the condensate.

(k) Damage from vehicles. Protect LP-Gas systems from vehicle traffic.

(l) Drains. Do not direct drains or blowoff lines into or near sewer systems.

(m) Lighting. Electrical equipment and installations must comply with OAR 437-004-

0780(3)(n) and (o).

(n) Vaporizers for internal combustion engines. Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(6)(g)

applies.

(o) Gas regulating and mixing equipment for internal combustion engines.

Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(6)(h) applies.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(6)(a)(A) – (6)(c)(B) Table 10 H-56 437-004-0780

(6) Liquefied petroleum gas as a motor fuel.

(a) Application.

(A) This applies to internal combustion engines, fuel containers, and equipment for

the use of LPG as a motor fuel on portable units including self-propelled vehicles.

(B) Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(5) covers fuel containers and equipment for

stationary internal combustion engines using LPG. This does not apply to containers

for transportation of liquefied petroleum gases. All of OAR 437-004-0780(3) applies

to this paragraph, unless otherwise noted in OAR 437-004-0780(3).

(b) General.

(A) Do not fuel vehicles while passengers are on board.

(B) Fuels industrial trucks (including forklifts) with permanently mounted fuel tanks

outdoors. Charging equipment must comply with paragraph (8).

Designations, Areas of Use, Maintenance and Operation of Powered Industrial

Trucks, NFPA 505-1969.

(D) Engines on vehicles must be off while fueling if the fueling operation involves

venting to the atmosphere.

(A) Except as in (6)(c)(B) and (C) below, containers must comply with Table 10.

(B) Fuel containers for use in industrial trucks (including forklifts) must be either DOT

containers authorized for LP-Gas service with a minimum service pressure of 240

p.s.i.g. or minimum Container Type 250. Under 1950 and later ASME codes, this

means a 312.5 p.s.i.g. design pressure container.

Table 10

Container

type

For gasses with

vapor press. Not

to exceed lb. per

sq. in. gage at

100º F. (37.8º C.)

Minimum design pressure of container, lb. per sq. in. gage

1949 and earlier

editions of ASME

Code (Par. U-68,

U-69)

1949 edition of ASME Code (Par.

U-200, U-201); 1950, 1952, 1956,

1959, 1962, 1965 and 1968

(Division 1) editions of ASME Code

200

215Z

200

250

Container type may be increased by increments of 25. The minimum design pressure of containers is 100

percent of the container type designation when built under 1949 or earlier editions of the ASME Code (Par.

U-68 and U-69). The minimum design pressure of containers is 125 percent of the container type

designation when built under: (1) the 1949 ASME Code (Par. U-200 and U-201), (2) 1950, 1952, 1956, 1959,

1962, 1965, and 1968 (Division 1) editions of the ASME Code.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-57 (6)(c)(C) - (6)(e)(D)

acceptable fuel containers. They must conform to all requirements of this paragraph.

(D) All container inlets and outlets except safety relief valves and gaging devices

must have labels that designate whether they link to vapor or liquid space. Labels

may be on valves.

(d) Installation of fuel containers.

(A) Containers must be in a place that minimize the possibility of damage.

Containers in the rear of trucks and buses, when protected by bumpers, comply.

Fuel containers on passenger-carrying vehicles must be as far from the engine as

practicable. There must be a seal between the passenger space or any space with

radio equipment and the container space to prevent direct seepage of gas to these

spaces. The container compartment must vent to the outside. If the fuel container is

near the engine or the exhaust system, shield it from direct heat.

(B) Mount all fuel containers to prevent jarring loose, slipping, or rotating. The

fastenings must withstand static loading in any direction equal to twice the weight of

the tank and attachments when filled using a safety factor of not less than four. Only

do field welding on saddle plates, lugs or brackets, originally attached to the

container by the manufacturer.

(e) Valves and accessories.

(A) Container valves and accessories must have a rated working pressure of at least

250 p.s.i.g., and suitable for use on a liquefied petroleum gas service.

(B) The filling connection must have an approved double back-pressure check valve,

or a positive shutoff in conjunction with an internal back-pressure check valve. On a

removable container the filler valve may be a hand operated shutoff valve with an

internal excess flow valve. Main shutoff valves on the container on liquid and vapor

lines must be readily accessible.

back-pressure check valves, and safety relief valves, all connections to containers

with openings for the flow of gas more than .055-inch must have approved automatic

excess flow valves.

(D) Liquid-level gaging devices:

(i) Do not use variable liquid-level gages that require the venting of fuel to the

atmosphere on fuel containers of industrial trucks (including forklifts).

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(6)(e)(D) – (6)(g)(B) H-58 437-004-0780

(ii) On portable containers that fill vertically and/or horizontally, the fixed liquid-

level gage must show maximum permitted filling level for both vertical and

horizontal filling with the container oriented to place the safety relief valve in

communication with the vapor space.

(iii) For containers used only on farm tractors and charged at a point at least

50 feet from any building, the fixed liquid-level gaging device may equal that

passed by a .1200-inch opening. You do not need an excess flow valve. Mark

fittings with the restricted opening and the container they are on to show the size

of the opening.

(iv) Protect all valves and connections on containers from damage. For farm

tractors where parts of the vehicle protect the valves and fittings, this requirement

is met. On removable containers the protection for the fittings must be

permanently attached.

(v) For systems with removable fuel containers, there must be a way in the

system to minimize the escape of fuel when exchanging containers. Either of

these methods are acceptable:

(I) Using an approved automatic quick-closing coupling (a type closing in both

directions when uncoupled) in the fuel line, or

(II) Closing the valve at the fuel container and allowing the engine to run until

the fuel line is empty.

(f) Piping – including pipe, tubing, and fittings.

(A) Pipe from fuel container to first-stage regulator must be at least schedule 80

wrought iron or steel (black or galvanized), brass or copper; or seamless copper,

brass, or steel tubing. Steel tubing must have a minimum wall thickness of

0.049-inch. Steel pipe or tubing must have protection against exterior corrosion.

Copper tubing must be types K or L or equivalent with a minimum wall thickness

of 0.032-inch. Approved flexible connections may be used between container and

regulator or between regulator and gas-air mixer within the limits of approval. Do

not use aluminum pipe or tubing. For removable containers use an approved flexible

connection between the container and the fuel line.

(B) Install, brace and support all piping to reduce to a minimum the possibility of

vibration strains or wear.

(g) Safety devices.

(A) Use only spring-loaded internal type safety relief valves on motor fuel containers.

(B) The discharge outlet from safety relief valves must be on the outside of enclosed

spaces and as far as practicable from possible sources of ignition. It must vent

upward within 45 degrees of the vertical to prevent impingement of escaping gas on

containers, or parts of vehicles, or on vehicles in adjacent lines of traffic. Use a rain

cap or other protector to keep water and dirt from collecting in the valve.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-59 (6)(g)(C) - (6)(i)(A)

be metallic, other than aluminum, and may not restrict the required flow of gas from

the safety relief valve. Such discharge line must be able to withstand the pressure

resulting from the discharge of vapor when the safety relief valve is fully open. When

flexibility is necessary, use flexible metal hose or tubing.

(D) You can fill portable containers with volumetric filling in either the vertical or

horizontal position only if the safety relief valve links with the vapor space.

(E) Paragraph OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(L) for hydrostatic relief valves applies.

(h) Vaporizers.

(A) Vaporizers and any part thereof and other devices that may be subjected to

container pressure must have a design pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g.

(B) Each vaporizer must have a valve or suitable plug which will permit substantially

complete draining of the vaporizer. It must be located at or near the lowest portion of

the section occupied by the water or other heating medium.

(D) Permanently mark each vaporizer at a visible point as follows:

(i) With the design pressure of the fuel-containing portion in p.s.i.g.

(ii) With the water capacity of the fuel-containing portion of the vaporizer in

pounds.

(E) Devices to supply heat directly to a fuel container must have an automatic device

to cut off the supply of heat before the pressure inside the fuel container reaches

80 percent of the start to discharge pressure setting of the safety relief device on the

fuel container.

(F) Engine exhaust gases are acceptable as a direct source of heat supply for the

vaporization of fuel if the materials of construction of those parts of the vaporizer in

contact with exhaust gases are resistant to the corrosive action of exhaust gases

and the vaporizer system is designed to prevent excessive pressures.

(G) Vaporizers must not have fusible plugs.

(i) Gas regulating and mixing equipment.

(A) Approved automatic pressure reducing equipment must be between the fuel

supply container and gas-air mixer to reduce the pressure of the fuel delivered to

the gas-air mixer.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(6)(i)(B) – (6)(n)(A) H-60 437-004-0780

(B) An approved automatic shutoff valve must be in the fuel system ahead of the inlet

of the gas-air mixer, to prevent flow of fuel to the mixer when the ignition is off and

the engine is not running. For industrial trucks and engines operating in buildings

other than those that exclusively house engines, the automatic shutoff valve must

operate if the engine stops. Atmospheric type regulators (zero governors) are

adequate as an automatic shutoff valve only in outdoor operation such as farm

tractors, irrigation pump engines, and on other outdoor stationary engines.

passenger compartment, ventilating system, or air conditioning system.

(j) Capacity of containers. No single fuel container on passenger carrying vehicles

can be more than 200 gallons water capacity. No single fuel container on other vehicles

normally operating on the highway can be more than 300 gallons water capacity.

(k) Stationary engines in buildings. Stationary engines and gas turbines in buildings,

including portable engines used instead of or to supplement stationary engines, must

comply with the Standard for the Institution and Use of Stationary Combustion Engines

and Gas Turbines, NFPA 37-1970, and OAR 437-004-0780(a), (b), and (c).

(l) Portable engines in buildings.

(A) Only use portable engines in buildings for emergencies, except as in OAR 437-

004-0780(10).

(B) Exhaust gases must discharge outside the building or to an area where they are

not hazard.

(D) An approved automatic shutoff valve must be in the fuel system ahead of the

engine, to prevent flow of fuel to the engine when the ignition is off or if the engine

stops.

(E) The capacity of LP-Gas containers used with such engines must comply with

OAR 437-004-0780(4)(e).

(m) Industrial trucks inside buildings.

(A) LP-Gas-fueled industrial trucks are permitted in buildings and structures.

(B) No more than two LP-Gas containers can be on an industrial truck for motor fuel

purposes.

(n) Garaging LP-Gas-fueled vehicles.

(A) LP-Gas-fueled vehicles may be stored or serviced inside garages.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-61 (6)(n)(B) - (7)(d)(I)

(B) Keep the shutoff valve closed on LP-Gas-fueled vehicles being repaired in

garages except when the engine must run.

(7) Storage of containers awaiting use.

(a) Application. This paragraph applies to the storage of portable containers not more

than 1,000 pounds water capacity, filled or partially filled, at user location but not

connected for use.

(b) General.

(A) Do not store containers near sources of heat or ignition or near stairs or exits.

(B) Keep the outlet valves of stored containers closed.

containers when calculating the maximum quantity of LP-Gas permitted by this

paragraph.

buildings). Do not store more than 300 pounds (approximately 2,550 cubic feet in

vapor form) except as in (d) below.

(d) Storage within special buildings or rooms.

(A) Do not store more than 10,000 pounds of LP-Gas in special buildings or rooms.

(B) The walls, floors, and ceilings of container storage rooms that are within or next

to other parts of the building must have at least a 2-hour fire resistance rating.

area of the enclosing walls and roof must be of explosion relieving construction.

(D) Each opening from such storage rooms to other parts of the building must have a

1 1/2-hour (B) fire door listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. Refer to

§1910.7 for definition of nationally recognized testing laboratory.

(E) There must be no open flames in the rooms.

(F) The rooms must have adequate ventilation both top and bottom to the outside

only. The openings from such vents must be at least 5 feet away from any other

opening into any building.

(G) The floors of such rooms must not be below ground level.

(H) The rooms may not adjoin a property line occupied by schools, churches,

hospitals, athletic fields or other public gathering places.

(I) Fixed electrical equipment must comply with OAR 437-004-0780(3)(o).

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(7)(e)(A) – (8)(b) Table 12 H-62 437-004-0780

(e) Storage outside buildings.

(A) Storage outside buildings, for containers awaiting use, must comply with Table 11

with respect to:

(i) The nearest building or group of buildings;

(ii) Busy highways;

Table 11

Quantity of LP-Gas Stored

Distances

500 pounds or less

501 to 2,500 pounds

2,501 to 6,000 pounds

6,001 to 10,000 pounds

Over 10,000 pounds

10 feet

20 feet

25 feet

Containers must be at least 10 feet from any building on adjoining property, any

sidewalk, or busy highway or road.

(B) Containers must be in a suitable enclosure or otherwise protected against

tampering.

(f) Fire protection. Storage locations must have at least one approved portable fire

extinguisher with rating of 8-B, C or more.

(8) Liquefied petroleum gas dispensing.

(a) Application. This paragraph applies to storage containers, dispensing devices, and

equipment where LP-Gas is stored and dispensed into fuel tanks of motor vehicles. See

OAR 437-004-0780(6) for requirements covering use of LP-Gas as a motor fuel. All

requirements of OAR 437-004-0780(3) apply to this paragraph unless otherwise noted.

(b) Design pressure and classification of storage containers. Storage containers must

comply with Table 12.

Table 12

Container

type

For gasses with

vapor press. Not

to exceed lb. per

sq. in. gage at

100º F. (37.8º C.)

Minimum design pressure of container, lb. per sq. in. gage

1949 and earlier

editions of ASME

Code (Par. U-68, U-69)

1949 edition of ASME Code (Par.

U-200, U-201); 1950, 1952, 1956,

1959, 1962, 1965 and 1968

(Division 1) editions of ASME Code

200

215Z

200

250

Container type may be increased by increments of 25. The minimum design pressure of containers is

100 percent of the container type designation when constructed under 1949 or earlier editions of the ASME

Code (Par. U-68 and U-69). The minimum design pressure of containers is 125 percent of the container type

designation when constructed under: (1) The 1949 ASME Code (Paragraphs U-200 and U-201), (2) 1950,

1952, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1965, and 1968 (Division 1) editions of the ASME Code.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-63 (8)(c)(A) - (8)(c)(E)

(A) A filling connection on the container must have one of the following:

(i) A combination back-pressure check and excess flow valve.

(ii) One double or two single back-pressure valves.

(iii) A positive shutoff valve, in conjunction with either,

(I) An internal back-pressure valve, or

(II) On internal excess flow valve.

Instead of an excess flow valve, filling connections may have a quick-closing

internal valve, that must remain closed except during operating periods. The

mechanism for such valves may have a secondary control that causes it to

close automatically in case of fire. When using a fusible plug, its melting point

must not be more than 220 degrees F.

(B) A filling pipe inlet terminal not on the container must have a positive shutoff valve

in conjunction with either;

(i) A black pressure check valve, or

(ii) An excess flow check valve.

flow check valves:

(i) Filling connections as in subparagraph (A) above.

(ii) Safety relief connections as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(B).

(iii) Liquid-level gaging devices as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(D).

(iv) Pressure gage connections as in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(f)(E).

(D) All container inlets and outlets except those listed below must have labels to

designate whether they connect with vapor or liquid (labels may be on valves):

(i) Safety relief valves.

(ii) Liquid-level gaging devices.

(iii) Pressure gages.

(E) Each storage container must have a suitable pressure gage.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(8)(d)(A) – (8)(e) H-64 437-004-0780

(d) Safety-relief valves.

(A) All safety-relief devices must be as follows:

(i) On the container and directly connected with the vapor space.

(ii) Safety-relief valves and discharge piping must have protection against

physical damage. The outlet must have loose-fitting rain caps. There must be no

return bends or restrictions in the discharge piping.

(iii) The discharge from two or more safety relief valves with the same pressure

settings may be run into a common discharge header. The cross-sectional area

of the header must be at least equal to the sum of the cross-sectional areas of

the individual discharges.

(iv) Safety relief devices must not discharge in or under a building

(B) Aboveground containers must have safety relief valves as follows:

(i) The rate of discharge, provided by one or more valves, must be not less than

in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(i)(B).

(ii) The discharge from safety relief valves must vent to open air unobstructed

and vertically in a way that prevents any impingement of escaping gas on the

container. Use loose-fitting rain caps. On a container with a water capacity more

than 2,000 gallons, the discharge from the safety relief valves must vent away

from the container vertically to a point at least 7 feet above it. Condensation

inside the relief valve or its discharge pipe must not make the valve inoperative.

If there is a drain, there must be a way protect the container, adjacent containers,

piping, or equipment against impingement of flame from ignition of the product

escaping from the drain.

(i) The discharge from safety-relief valves must be piped vertically upward to a

point at least 10 feet above the ground. The discharge lines or pipes must be

adequately supported and protected against physical damage.

(ii) If no liquid is put into a container until after it is buried and covered, the rate of

discharge of the relief valves may be reduced to not less than 30 percent of the

rate in OAR 437-004-0780(3)(j)(B). If liquid fuel is present during installation of

containers, the rate of discharge must be the same as for aboveground

containers. Such containers must not be uncovered until emptied of liquid fuel.

(e) Capacity of liquid containers. Individual liquid storage containers must not exceed

30,000 gallons water capacity.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-65 (8)(f)(A) - (8)(f)(B)

(f) Installation of storage containers.

(A)

(i) Each storage container used exclusively in dispensing operations must comply

with the following table that specifies minimum distances to a building and groups

of buildings.

Water capacity per

Container (gallons)

Minimum distances

Aboveground (feet)

Between aboveground

containers (feet)

Up to 2,000

Over 2,000

NOTE: The above distances may be reduced to not less than 10 feet for dispensing facility buildings

of other than wood frame construction.

(ii) There must be a 10-foot area around containers that is free of combustibles.

(iii) The minimum separation between LP-Gas containers and flammable liquid

tanks is 20 feet and the minimum separation between a container and the

centerline of the dike is 10 feet.

(iv) LP-Gas containers near flammable liquid containers must have dikes,

diversion curbs, or grading to protect against the flow or accumulation of

flammable liquids.

(v) LP-Gas containers must not be within diked areas for flammable liquid

containers.

(vi) Do field welding on saddle plates or brackets applied by the container

manufacturer.

(vii) Where flexible connections are used, they must be approved type and have

a bursting pressure of not less than five times the vapor pressure of the product

at 100 degrees F. Do not use nonmetallic hose for interconnecting such

containers.

(viii) Where there may be a high water table or flood conditions there must be

protection against container flotation.

(B) Aboveground containers must comply with this subdivision.

(i) Containers may be horizontal or vertical.

(ii) Unless protected by location, there must be protective barriers around

containers. Do not service vehicles within 10 feet of containers.

(iii) Container foundations must be masonry or other noncombustible material.

Containers must be on saddles that permit expansion and contraction.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(8)(f)(C) – (8)(i)(F) H-66 437-004-0780

(i) Containers must be given a protective coating before being placed

underground. This coating must be equivalent to hot-dip galvanizing or to two

coatings of red lead followed by a heavy coating of coal tar or asphalt. In

lowering the container into place, care must be exercised to minimize abrasion or

other damage to the coating. Damage to the coating must be repaired before

backfilling.

(ii) Containers must be set on a firm foundation (firm earth may be used) and

surrounded with earth or sand firmly tamped in place. Backfill should be free of

rocks or other abrasive materials.

(iii) A minimum of 2 feet of earth cover must be provided. Where ground

conditions make compliance with this requirement impractical, equivalent

protection against physical damage must be provided. The portion of the

container to which manhole and other connections are attached need not be

covered. If the location is subjected to vehicular traffic, protect containers by a

concrete slab or other cover adequate to prevent the weight of a loaded vehicle

imposing concentrated direct loads on the container shell.

(g) Protection of container fittings. Valves, regulators, gages, and other container

fittings must have protection against tampering and physical damage.

(h) Transport truck unloading point. The filling pipe inlet terminal must not be in a

building nor within 10 feet of any building or driveway. It must be protected against

physical damage.

(i) Piping, valves, and fittings.

(A) Piping may be underground, aboveground, or a combination of both.

(B) Piping beneath driveways must have protection from vehicle damage.

or seamless copper, brass, or steel tubing and suitable for a minimum pressure of

250 p.s.i.g. Pipe joints may be screwed, flanged, brazed, or welded. Do not use

aluminum alloy piping or tubing.

(D) All shutoff valves (liquid or gas) must be suitable for liquefied petroleum gas

service and designed for not less than the maximum anticipated operating pressure.

Valves that may experience container pressure must have a rated working pressure

of at least 250 p.s.i.g.

(E) All materials used for valve seats, packing, gaskets, diaphragms, etc., must be

resistant to the action of LP-Gas.

(F) Fittings must be steel, malleable iron, or brass with a minimum working pressure

of 250 p.s.i.g. Do not use cast iron pipe fittings.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GASES

437-004-0780 H-67 (8)(i)(G) - (8)(k)(F)

(G) After assembly, test all piping to assure it is free of leaks at not less than normal

operating pressures.

(j) Pumps and accessories. All pumps and accessory equipment must be suitable for

LP-Gas service, and designed for not less than the maximum anticipated operating

pressure. Accessories must have a minimum rated working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g.

Positive displacement pumps must have suitable pressure actuated bypass valves

permitting flow from pump discharge to storage container or pump suction.

(k) Dispensing devices.

(A) Meters, vapor separators, valves, and fittings in the dispenser must be suitable

for LP-Gas service and have a minimum working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g.

(B) Vent LP-Gas in a dispensing device to a safe location.

leakage or accidental discharge. There must be a way outside the dispensing device

to shut off the power in case of fire or accident.

(D) A manual shutoff valve and an excess flow check valve must be downstream of

the pump and ahead of the dispenser inlet.

(E)

(i) Dispensing hose must be resistant to the action of liquid LP-Gas and have a

minimum bursting pressure of 1,250 p.s.i.g.

(ii) An excess flow check valve or automatic shutoff valve must be at the terminus

of the liquid line at the point of attachment of the dispensing hose.

(F)

(i) LP-Gas dispensing devices must be at least 10 feet from aboveground storage

containers more than 2,000 gallons water capacity. The dispensing devices must

be at least 20 feet from any building (not including canopies), basement, cellar,

pit, or line of adjoining property that may be developed and not less than 10 feet

from sidewalks, streets, or thoroughfares. No drains or blowoff lines may

discharge into or near to the sewer systems used for other purposes.

(ii) LP-Gas dispensing devices must be on a concrete foundation or as part of

a complete storage and dispensing assembly mounted on a common base, and

must be adequately protected from physical damage.

(iii) LP-Gas dispensing devices may not be in a building except that they may be

under a weather shelter or canopy if it is not enclosed on more than two sides. If

the enclosing sides are next to each other, the area must have proper ventilation.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF LIQUEFIED

PETROLEUM GASES / USE OF LIQUEFIED

PETROLEUM GAS OR NATURAL GAS IN

FIELDS & ORCHARDS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-0780(8)(k)(G) H-68 437-004-0790(3)(a)

(G) The dispensing of LP-Gas into the fuel container of a vehicle must be done by a

competent attendant who stays at the LP-Gas dispenser during the entire transfer

operation.

(l) Smoking. There must be no smoking on the driveway of dispensing facilities or

transport truck unloading areas. Post signs prohibiting smoking in places easily seen by

facility users.

(m) Motors. The motors of all vehicles being fueled must be off during the fueling

operations.

(n) Electrical. Electrical equipment and installations must conform to OAR 437-004-

0780(3)(n) and (o).

(o) Fire protection. Each dispensing facility must have at least one approved portable

fire extinguisher with at least an 8-B, C, rating.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-0790 Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Natural Gas in Fields

and Orchards.

(1) Scope. This applies to the storage and use of liquefied petroleum gas or natural gas, in

fields and orchards, to fuel or power stationary orchard heaters, fans, and other such fixed

equipment. It does not cover portable orchard and field equipment. OAR 437-004-0780

covers all other uses of these gases.

(2) Definitions.

Approved – See universal definition in 4/B.

Competent person – See universal definition in 4/B.

Labeled – See universal definition in 4/B.

Liquefied petroleum gases – “LPG” and “LP-Gas” – Any material made mostly of any

of the following hydrocarbons, or mixtures of them; propane, propylene, butane (normal

butane or iso-butane), and butylenes.

Listed – See universal definition in 4/B.

(3) Components. The tank regulator and all components in between must be labeled, listed

or approved.

(a) All piping and end use components, like fans and heaters, must be on the low

pressure side of approved regulators.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

USE OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS OR

NATURAL GAS IN FIELDS & ORCHARDS /

STORAGE & HANDLING OF ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0790(4) H-69 437-004-0800(2)

(4) Installation. Installation of systems and equipment that use liquefied petroleum gas

must only be by persons licensed according to ORS 480.410 through .460 and must conform

to OAR 837, Division 30. (Contact the Office of State Fire Marshal for more information on these

requirements.)

(5) Welding. Do not weld on parts of the system subject to pressure.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f. 8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2001, f. 5/15/01, ef. 5/15/01.

437-004-0800 Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia.

(1) Scope.

(a) This standard applies to the operation of anhydrous ammonia systems including

refrigerated ammonia storage systems.

(b) This standard does not apply to applications that use ammonia solely as a refrigerant.

(2) Definitions.

Appurtenances – All devices such as pumps, compressors, safety relief devices, liquid-

level gaging devices, valves and pressure gages.

Capacity – Total volume of the container in standard U.S. gallons.

Certified – See universal definitions in Subdivision 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Code – The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Unfired Pressure Vessels of

the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) – 1968.

Container – Includes all vessels, tanks, cylinders, or spheres used for transportation,

storage, or application of anhydrous ammonia.

Cylinder – A container of 1,000 pounds of water capacity or less built according to

Department of Transportation specifications.

Design pressure – is identical to the term “Maximum Allowable Working Pressure” used

in the Code.

DOT – U.S. Department of Transportation.

DOT specifications – Regulations of the Department of Transportation in 49 CFR

Chapter I.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2) – (3)(b)(C) H-70 437-004-0800

Farm vehicle (implement of husbandry) – A vehicle for use on a farm with a container of

not more than 1,200 gallons water capacity on it.

Labeled – See universal definitions in Subdivision 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Listed – See universal definitions in Subdivision 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

(3) Basic rules.

(a) Approval of equipment and systems. All systems, equipment and appurtenances

must comply with one of the following three paragraphs.

(A) If installed before February 8, 1973, it must comply with American National

Standard for the Storage and Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia, K61.1-1999 or CGA

G-2.1-1999.

(B) It must be listed and labeled by a nationally recognized testing laboratory as

defined in 29 CFR 1910.7.

systems as meeting the criteria in OAR 437-004-0800(3)(a)(A). This certification

must be on file with the employer for agency review. The certification must detail the

test criteria, data and results along with the qualifications of the person doing the test.

(b) Requirements for construction, original test and recertification of non-

refrigerated containers.

(A) Only competent persons and/or companies may design, install and maintain non-

refrigerated containers.

(B) Containers used with systems in OAR 437-004-0800(4), (7), (8) and (9) must

comply with the Code (Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sec VIII, Unfired Pressure

Vessels of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) – 1968).

Construction under Table UW 12 at a basic joint efficiency of less than 80 percent is

not authorized.

comply with one or more of the following:

(i) Containers must be stress relieved after fabrication according to the Code, or

(ii) Cold-form heads must be stress relieved, or

(iii) Use only hot-formed heads.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-71 (3)(b)(D) – (3)(e)(D)

(D) Paragraph (B) above does not prohibit the continued use or reinstallation of

containers constructed and maintained according to the 1949, 1950, 1952, 1956,

1959, and 1962 editions of the Code or any revisions in effect at the time of

fabrication.

(E) Welding to the shell, head or any other part of the container subject to internal

pressure must comply with the Code. Other welding is permitted only on saddle

plates, lugs or brackets attached to the container by the container manufacturer.

(F) Containers used with systems in OAR 437-004-0800(5) must comply with DOT

specifications.

refrigerated containers as they were at the time of installation.

(d) Location of containers.

(A) When selecting the location for the storage container consider the physiological

effects as well as adjacent fire hazards. Locate containers outside buildings unless

the building was built for this purpose.

(B) Locate permanent storage containers 50 feet from a dug well or other sources of

potable water supply, unless the container is a part of a water-treatment installation.

long dry grass.

(e) Container appurtenances.

(A) Design appurtenances to stand the maximum working pressure of that part of the

system on which they are installed. Make appurtenances from material proved

suitable for anhydrous ammonia service.

(B) All connections to containers except safety relief devices, gaging devices, or

those fitted with a .0550-inch orifice must have shutoff valves as close to the

container as practicable.

at the rated flows of vapor or liquid specified by the manufacturer. The connections

and line including valves and fittings protected by an excess flow valve must have a

larger capacity than the rated flow of the excess flow valve so that the valve will close

in case of failure of the line or fittings.

(D) Liquid-level gaging devices that require bleeding of the product to the atmosphere

and are built so that outward flow will not be more than that passed by a .0550-inch

opening do not need excess flow valves.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(e)(E) – (3)(f)(G) H-72 437-004-0800

(E) Openings from the container or through fittings attached directly on the container

to which pressure gage connections are made need do not need excess flow valves

if they are not larger than .0550-inch.

(F) Excess flow and back pressure check valves where required by this section must

be inside the container or if outside as close as practicable to where the line enters

the container. In the latter case installation must prevent strain beyond the excess

flow or back pressure check valve from causing a break between the container and

the valve.

(G) Excess flow valves must have a bypass not to exceed a .0400-inch opening to

allow equalization of pressures.

(H) All excess flow valves must have plain and permanent markings with the name or

trademark of the manufacturer, the catalog number, and the rated capacity.

(f) Piping, tubing and fittings.

(A) All piping, tubing and fittings must be made of material suitable for anhydrous

ammonia service.

(B) All piping, tubing and fittings must be designed for a pressure not less than the

maximum pressure under which they might operate.

National Standard, B31.5-1966 with addenda B31.5a-1968 as it applies to ammonia.

(D) Piping on non-refrigerated systems must be at least American Society for Testing

and Materials (ASTM) A-53-69 Grade B Electric Resistance Welded and Electric

Flash Welded Pipe or equal. For welded or welded and flanged joints the pipe must

be at least schedule 40. For threaded joints the pipe must be at least schedule 80.

Do not back-weld threaded connections. Do not use brass, copper or galvanized

steel pipe.

(E) Do not use tubing made of brass, copper, or other material subject to attach by

ammonia.

(F) Do not use cast iron fittings but this does not prohibit the use of fittings made

specifically for ammonia service or malleable, nodular, or high strength gray iron

meeting American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) A47-68, ASTM 395-68

or ASTM A126-66 Class B or C.

(G) Use joint compounds that are resistant to ammonia.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-73 (3)(g)(A) – (3)(g)(E)

(g) Hose specifications.7

(A) Hose used in ammonia service must conform to the joint Agricultural Ammonia

Institute – Rubber Manufacturers Association Specifications for Anhydrous Ammonia

Hose.

(B) Hose subject to container pressure must be designed for a minimum working

pressure of 350 p.s.i.g. and a minimum burst pressure of 1,750 p.s.i.g. Hose

assemblies, when made up, must be capable of withstanding a test pressure of

500 p.s.i.g.

bleeding valves must have a bursting pressure rating of not less than five times the

pressure setting of the safety relief devices protecting that part of the system but not

less than 125 p.s.i.g. All connections must not leak when connected.

(D) Where using hose to transfer liquid from one container to another, “wet” hose is

recommended. Such hose must have approved shutoff valves at the discharge end.

Prevent excessive pressure in the hose.

(E) On all hose 1/2-inch outside diameter and larger, used for the transfer of

anhydrous ammonia liquid or vapor, there must be etched, cast, or impressed at 5-

foot intervals the following information.

“Anhydrous Ammonia” xxx p.s.i.g. (maximum working pressure), manufacturer’s name or

trademark, year of manufacture.

In place of this requirement the same information may be on a nameplate permanently

attached to the hose.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(g)(E) Table 1 H-74 437-004-0800

Table 1

[Minimum required rate of discharge in cubic feet per minute of air at 120 percent of the maximum permitted

start to discharge pressure of safety relief valves]

Surface

area (sq. ft.)

Flow rate

CFM air

Surface

area (sq. ft.)

Flow rate

CFM air

Surface

area (sq. ft.)

Flow rate

CFM air

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

135

140

145

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

258

310

360

408

455

501

547

591

635

678

720

762

804

845

885

925

965

1,010

1,050

1,090

1,120

1,160

1,200

1,240

1,280

1,310

1,350

1,390

1,420

1,460

1,500

1,530

1,570

185

190

195

200

210

220

230

240

250

260

270

280

290

300

310

320

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

1,600

1,640

1,670

1,710

1,780

1,850

1,920

1,980

2,050

2,120

2,180

2,250

2,320

2,380

2,450

2,510

2,570

2,640

2,700

2,760

2,830

2,890

2,950

3,010

3,320

3,620

3,910

4,200

4,480

4,760

5,040

5,300

5,590

900

950

1,000

1,050

1,100

1,150

1,200

1,250

1,300

1,350

1,400

1,450

1,500

1,550

1,600

1,650

1,700

1,750

1,800

1,850

1,900

1,950

2,000

2,050

2,100

2,150

2,200

2,250

2,300

2,350

2,400

2,450

2,500

5,850

6,120

6,380

6,640

6,900

7,160

7,410

7,660

7,910

8,160

8,410

8,650

8,900

9,140

9,380

9,620

9,860

10,090

10,330

10,560

10,800

11,030

11,260

11,490

11,720

11,950

12,180

12,400

12,630

12,850

13,080

13,300

13,520

“Surface Area = total outside surface area of container in square feet. When the surface area is not on

the nameplate or when the marking is not legible calculate the area using one of the following formulas:

(1) Cylindrical container with hemispherical heads:

Area = overall length in feet times outside diameter in feet times 3.1416.

(2) Cylindrical container with other than hemispherical heads:

Area = (overall length in feet plus 0.3 outside diameter in feet) times outside diameter in feet times

3.1416.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-75 (3)(g)(E) – (3)(h)(F)

(3) Spherical container:

Area = outside diameter in feet squared times 3.1416.”

“Flow Rate – CFM Air = cubic feet per minute of air required at standard conditions, 60 degrees F. and

atmospheric pressure (14.7 p.s.i.a.).”

“The rate of discharge may be interpolated for intermediate values of surface area. For containers

with total outside surface area greater than 2,500 square feet, the required flow rate can be calculated

using the formula: Flow Rate CFM Air = 22.11 A082, where A = outside surface area of the container

in square feet.”

(h) Safety relief devices.

(A) Every container in systems covered by OAR 437-004-0800(4), (7), (8) and (9)

must have one or more safety relief valves of the spring-loaded or equivalent type.

The discharge from safety-relief valves must vent away from the container, upward

and unobstructed to the atmosphere. All relief-valve discharge openings must have

suitable rain caps that allow free discharge of the vapor and prevent entrance of

water. Accumulated condensation must drain away. The rate of the discharge must

comply with Table 1.

(B) Container safety-relief valves must be set to start-to-discharge as follows, with

relation to the design pressure of the container:

Containers

Minimum (percent)

Maximum (percent)

ASME-U-68, U-69

110

125

ASME-U-200, U-202

100

ASME 1959, 1956, 1952 or 1962

100

API-ASME

100

U.S. Coast Guard

100

(9) must discharge at not less than the rates in (3)(h)(A) above before the pressure is

in excess of 120 percent (not including the 10 percent tolerance in (3)(h)(B) above) of

the maximum permitted start-to-discharge pressure setting of the device.

(D) Arrange safety relief valves to minimize the possibility of tampering. If the

pressure setting adjustment is external, the relief valves must have a means of

sealing the adjustment.

(E) Shutoff valves must not be between the safety relief valves and the container;

except, that a shutoff valve may be where the arrangement of this valve is such as

to always afford full required capacity flow through the relief valves.

(F) Safety relief valves must have direct communication with the vapor space of the

container.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(h)(G) – (3)(j)(B) H-76 437-004-0800

(G) Each container safety relief valve used with systems covered by OAR 437-004-

0800(4), (7), (8) and (9) must have plain and permanent markings with the symbol

“NH3” or “AA”; with the pressure in pounds-per-square-inch at which the valve is set

to start-to-discharge; with the actual rate of discharge of the valve at its full open

position in cubic feet per minute of air at 60 degrees F. and atmospheric pressure;

and the manufacturer’s name and catalog number.

Example: “NH3 250-4050 Air” indicates that the valve is suitable for use on an anhydrous

ammonia container, is set to start-to-discharge at a pressure of 250 p.s.i.g., and that its rate

of discharge at full open position is 4,050 cubic feet per minute of air.

(H) There must be no connection on either the upstream or downstream side that

restricts the flow capacity of the relief valve.

(I) A hydrostatic relief valve must be between each pair of valves in the liquid

ammonia piping or hose to relieve into the atmosphere at a safe location.

(i) General.

(A) All stationary storage installations must have at least two readily accessible

suitable gas masks. Full face masks with ammonia canisters, not cartridges,

approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), are

suitable for emergency action for most leaks, particularly those that are outdoors. For

protection in concentrated ammonia atmospheres the use of self-contained breathing

air apparatus is mandatory. Refer to OAR 437-004-1041 Respiratory Protection 4/I

for additional requirements for personal protective equipment.

(B) Stationary storage installations must have an easily accessible shower or a

50-gallon drum of water.

carry a container of at least 5 gallons of water and a full face mask.

(j) Charging of containers.

(A) The filling densities for unrefrigerated containers must not be more than the

following:

Containers

Percent by Weight

Percent by Volume

Aboveground – Uninsulated

Aboveground – Insulated

Underground – Uninsulated

DOT – In accord with DOT regulations

87.5

83.5

(B) Aboveground uninsulated containers may be charged 87.5 percent by volume

if the temperature of the anhydrous ammonia being charged is not lower that

30 degrees F. or if the charging of the container stops at the first indication of frost

or ice formation on its outside surface and does not resume until the frost or ice is

gone.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-77 (3)(k)(A) – (3)(k)(F)

(k) Transfer of liquids.

(A) Anhydrous ammonia must always be at a temperature suitable for the material of

construction and the design of the receiving container.

(B) The employer must require the continuous presence of an attendant in the vicinity

of the operation during ammonia transfer.

(D) Gage and charge containers only in the open atmosphere or in buildings or areas

for that purpose.

(E) Pumps used for transferring ammonia must be made for that purpose.

(i) Pumps must be designed for at least 250 p.s.i.g. working pressure.

(ii) Positive displacement pumps must have, installed off the discharge port, a

constant differential relief valve discharging into the suction port of the pump

through a line of sufficient size to carry the full capacity of the pump at relief

valve setting, which setting and installation must be according to the pump

manufacturer’s recommendations.

(iii) On the discharge side of the pump, before the relief valve line, there must be

a pressure gage graduated from 0 to 400 p.s.i.

(iv) Plant piping must have shutoff valves as close as practical to pump

connections.

(F) Compressors for transferring or refrigerating ammonia must be recommended for

ammonia service by the manufacturer.

(i) Compressors must be designed for at least 250 p.s.i.g. working pressure.

(ii) Plant piping must have shutoff valves located as close as practical to

compressor connections.

(iii) A relief valve large enough to discharge the full capacity of the compressor

must be connected to the discharge before the shutoff valve.

(iv) Compressors must have pressure gages at suction and discharge graduated

to at least 1 1/2 times the maximum pressure.

(v) Adequate means, such as a drainable liquid trap, must be on the compressor

suction to minimize the entry of liquid into the compressor.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(k)(G) – (3)(m)(E) H-78 437-004-0800

(G) In case the hose breaks, loading and unloading systems must have suitable

devices to prevent emptying of the storage or supply container. Backflow check

valves or properly sized excess flow valves must be where necessary to provide

this protection. If such valves are not practical, remotely operated shutoff valves

may are acceptable.

(l) Tank car unloading points and operations.

(A) Unloading of tank cars must conform to the applicable recommendations in DOT

regulations.

(B) The employer must insure that unloading operations are done by reliable persons

properly instructed and with the authority to monitor careful compliance with all

applicable procedures.

the car from the open end or ends of the siding. They must be left up until after the

car is empty and disconnected from discharge connections. Signs must be metal or

other suitable material, at least 12 inches by 15 inches and bear the words “STOP –

Tank Car Connected” or “STOP – Men at Work” the word, “STOP,” being in letters at

least 4 inches high and the other words in letters at least 2 inches high.

(D) The track of a tank car siding must be substantially level.

(E) Set the brakes and block the wheels on cars during unloading.

(m) Liquid-level gaging device.

(A) Each container except those filled by weight must have an approved liquid-level

gaging device. A thermometer well must be in containers without a fixed liquid-level

gaging device.

(B) All gaging devices must be arranged so that the maximum liquid level to which

the container is filled is readily determined.

the rotary tube, fixed tube, and slip tube devices must have a maximum opening of

the bleed valve not larger than .0550-inch unless they have an excess flow valve.

(This requirement does not apply to farm vehicles used for the application of

ammonia as in OAR 437-004-0800(9).)

(D) Gaging devices must have a design pressure equal to or greater than the design

pressure of their host container.

(E) Fixed tube liquid-level gages must indicate the container’s 85 percent fill level of

its water capacity.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-79 (3)(m)(F) – (4)(b)(B)

(F) Use columnar gage glasses only on stationary storage installations. They must

have shutoff valves with metallic handwheels, excess-flow valves and extra heavy

glass adequately protected with a metal housing applied by the gage manufacturer.

They must be shielded from the direct rays of the sun.

(n) Electrical equipment and wiring.

(A) Electrical equipment and wiring for use in ammonia installations must be general

purpose or weather resistant as appropriate.

(B) Electrical systems must comply with 4/S.

(4) Systems using stationary, non-refrigerated storage containers.

(a) Applies to all storage containers except portable DOT containers.

(A) The minimum design pressure and construction for non-refrigerated containers is

250 p.s.i.g.

(B) Each filling connection must have a combination back-pressure check valve and

excess-flow valve; one double or two single back-pressure check valves; or a positive

shutoff valve in conjunction with either an internal back-pressure check valve or an

internal excess flow valve.

connections, and liquid-level gaging and pressure gage connections with orifices

not larger than .0550-inch required in OAR 437-004-0800(3)(e)(D) and (E) must have

excess-flow valves.

(D) Each storage container must have a pressure gage graduated from 0 to 400 p.s.i.

Gages must be designated for use in ammonia service.

(E) All containers must have vapor return valves.

(b) Safety-relief devices.

(A) Every container must have one or more safety-relief valves of the spring-loaded

or equivalent type according to OAR 437-004-0800(b)(9).

(B) The rate of discharge of spring-loaded safety relief valves on underground

containers may be a minimum of 30 percent of the rate of discharge in Table 1. After

installation, do not uncover containers with this protection until empty of liquid

ammonia. Consider containers that may contain liquid ammonia before being

installed underground and before being completely covered with earth to be

aboveground containers when determining the rate of discharge requirements of the

safety-relief valves.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(b)(C) – (4)(d)(D) H-80 437-004-0800

housing becoming flooded, the discharge from vent lines must be above the high

water level. All manholes or housings must have ventilated louvers or their

equivalent, the area which equal or exceed the combined discharge areas of safety-

relief valves and vent lines that discharge their content into the manhole housing.

(D) Do not restrict vent pipes. They may not be a smaller diameter than the relief-

valve outlet connection.

(E) Vent pipes from two or more safety-relief devices on the same unit, or similar

lines from two or more different units may run into a common discharge header, if

the capacity of the header is at least equal to the sum of the capacities of the

individual discharge lines.

(A) Containers that were installed underground must not be reinstalled aboveground

or underground, unless they withstand hydrostatic pressure retests at their original

rating required by the code under which they were made. They must show no

serious corrosion.

(B) Containers reinstalled aboveground, must have safety devices or gaging devices

that comply with OAR 437-004-0800(i) and this paragraph respectively for

aboveground containers.

(d) Installation of storage containers.

(A) Aboveground containers, except as in (4)(d)(E) below must have substantial

concrete or masonry supports, or structural steel supports on firm concrete or

masonry foundations. All foundations must extend below the frost line.

(B) Horizontal aboveground containers must be on foundations that permit expansion

and contraction. Containers must have supports that prevent the concentration of

excessive loads on the supporting portion of the shell. That part of the container in

contact with foundations or saddles must have corrosion protection.

below the surface. If ground conditions make compliance with these requirements

impracticable, installation methods must prevent physical damage. It is not

necessary to cover the part of the container where there are manhole and other

connections. Anchor or weight containers when necessary to prevent floating.

(D) Underground containers must be on a firm foundation (firm earth is OK) and

surrounded with compacted earth or sand. The container must have a corrosion

resisting protective coating. This coating must remain undamaged when placing the

container into the ground.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-81 (4)(d)(E) – (5)(b)(B)

(E) Containers with foundations (portable or semi-portable tank containers with

suitable steel “runners” or “skids” and commonly known in the industry as “skid

tanks”) must comply with OAR 437-004-0800(4)(a)(A).

(F) There must be secure anchorage or adequate pier height to prevent container

flotation where high flood water might occur.

(G) The distance between underground containers of over 2,000 gallons capacity

must be at least 5 feet.

(e) Protection of appurtenances.

(A) Protect valves, regulators, gages and other appurtenances against tampering and

physical damage. This also applies during transit of containers.

(B) All connections to underground containers must be within a dome, housing, or

manhole and with access by means of a substantial cover.

(f) Damage from vehicles. Protect ammonia systems from vehicle damage.

(5) Refrigerated storage systems.

(a) Container design.

(A) The design temperature must be the minimum temperature to which the container

will be refrigerated.

(B) Containers with a design pressure more than 15 p.s.i.g. must comply with OAR

437-004-0800(3)(b), and the materials must be from those in API Standard 620,

Recommended Rules for Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure

Storage Tanks, Fourth Edition, 1970, Tables 2.02, R2.2, R2.2(A), R2.2.1, or R2.3.

applicable requirements of API Standard 620 including its Appendix R.

(D) Use the Code as a guide to select austenitic steels or non-ferrous materials to

build containers for use at the design temperature.

(E) The filling density for refrigerated storage containers must be such that the

container will not be liquid full at a liquid temperature corresponding to the vapor

pressure at the start-to-discharge pressure setting of the safety-relief valve.

(b) Installation.

(A) Containers must be on suitable non-combustible foundations.

(B) There must be adequate protection against flotation or other water damage

where high flood water might occur.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(b)(C) – (5)(e) H-82 437-004-0800

from freezing and consequent frost heaving.

valve on the fill connection and a remotely operated shutoff valve on other connections

below the maximum liquid level.

(d) Safety relief devices.

(A) Set safety relief valves to start-to-discharge at a pressure not more than the

design pressure of the container. The valves must prevent a maximum pressure in

the container of more than 120 percent of the design pressure. Relief valves for

refrigerated storage containers must be self-contained spring-loaded, weight-loaded,

or self-contained pilot-operated type.

(B) The total relieving capacity must be the larger of:

(i) Possible refrigeration system upset such as (1) cooling water failure, (2) power

failure, (3) instrument air or instrument failure, (4) mechanical failure of any

equipment, (5) excessive pumping rates.

(ii) Fire exposure determined by Compressed Gas Association (CGA) S-1, Part 3,

Safety Relief Device Standards for Compressed Gas Storage Containers, 1959,

except that “A” must be the total exposed surface area in square feet up to

25 feet above grade or to the equator of the storage container if it is a sphere,

whichever is greater. If the relieving capacity required for fire exposure is greater

than that required by OAR 437-004-0800(a), the additional capacity may be

provided by weak roof to shell seams in containers operating at essentially

atmospheric pressure and having an inherently weak roof-to-shell seam. The

weak roof-to-shell seam is not to provide any of the capacity required in OAR

437-004-0800(a).

relieving conditions must not be more than 50 percent of the start-to-discharge

pressure for pressure balanced valves or 10 percent of the start-to-discharge

pressure for conventional valves. The vent lines must prevent accumulation of liquid

in the lines.

(D) The valve or valve installation must provide weather protection.

(E) Atmospheric storage must have vacuum breakers. Ammonia gas, nitrogen,

methane, or other inert gases are acceptable to provide a pad.

(e) Protection of container appurtenances. Protect appurtenances against tampering

and physical damage.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-83 (5)(f) – (5)(k)(A)

(f) Reinstallation of refrigerated storage containers. When reinstalling containers

that require field fabrication, reconstruct and reinspect them according to their original

construction requirements. Pressure retest the containers and if rerating is necessary, it

must comply with applicable requirements.

(g) Damage from vehicles. Protect containers from damage by vehicles.

(h) Refrigeration load and equipment.

(A) Compute the total refrigeration load as the sum of the following:

(i) Load imposed by heat flow into the container caused by the temperature

differential between design ambient temperature and storage temperature.

(ii) Load imposed by heat flow into the container caused by maximum sun

radiation.

(iii) Maximum load imposed by filling the container with ammonia warmer than the

design storage temperature.

(B) A single refrigeration system may serve more than one storage container.

(i) Compressors.

(A) There must be a minimum of two compressors either of which must be large

enough to handle the loads. Where there are more than two compressors, there

must be minimum standby equipment equal to the largest normally operating

equipment. Filling compressors are acceptable as standby equipment for holding

compressors.

(B) Compressors must be able to operate with a suction pressure at least 10 percent

below the minimum setting of the safety valve(s) on the storage container and must

withstand a suction pressure at least equal to 120 percent of the design pressure of

the container.

(j) Compressor drives.

(A) Each compressor must have its individual driving unit.

(B) There must be an emergency power source that can handle the loads unless

facilities are available to safely dispose of vented vapors while the refrigeration

system is not operating.

(k) Automatic control equipment.

(A) The refrigeration system must have suitable controls to govern the compressor

operation.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(k)(B) – (6)(e) H-84 437-004-0800

(B) There must be an emergency alarm system to function in case the container

pressure rises to the maximum allowable operating pressure.

excess discharge pressure caused by failure of the cooling medium.

(D) All automatic controls must be prevent operation of alternate compressors unless

the controls will function with the alternate compressors.

(l) Separators for compressors. An entrainment separator of suitable size and design

pressure must be in the compressor suction line of lubricated compression. The

separator must have a drain and gaging device.

(m) Condensers. The condenser system may be air or water cooled or both. The

condenser must have minimum design pressure of at least 250 p.s.i.g. There must be a

way to purge noncondensibles either manually or automatically.

(n) Receiver and liquid drain. A receiver must have a liquid-level control to discharge

the liquid ammonia to storage. The receiver must be able to operate at least 250 p.s.i.g.

and have the necessary connections, safety valves, and gaging device.

(o) Insulation. Insulated refrigerated containers and pipelines must have covers of a

material of suitable quality and thickness for the temperatures. Weatherproofing must

be flame retardant.

(6) Systems using portable DOT containers.

(a) Cylinders must comply with DOT specifications and must comply with 49 CFR

Chapter I and Marking Portable Compressed Gas Containers to Identify the Material

Contained, ANSI Z48.1-1954 (R1970).

(b) Store cylinders in an area free from ignitable debris and in such manner as to prevent

external corrosion. Storage may be indoors or outdoors.

Protect cylinders from heat sources such as radiant flame and steam pipes. Do not

apply heat directly to cylinders to raise the pressure.

(d) Store cylinders in a way that protects them from vehicles or external damage.

(e) Any cylinder designed to have a valve protection cap must have the cap securely in

place when the cylinder is not in service.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-85 (7)(a) – (7)(d)(B)

(7) Tank motor vehicles for the transportation of ammonia.

(a) This paragraph applies to containers and equipment on tank motor vehicles including

semitrailers and full trailers used to transport ammonia. This paragraph does not apply

to farm vehicles. For requirements covering farm vehicles, refer to OAR 437-004-0800

(8) and (9). Paragraph (b) below applies to this paragraph unless otherwise noted.

Containers and pertinent equipment for tank motor vehicles for the transportation of

anhydrous ammonia, must also comply with DOT requirements.

(b) Design pressure and construction of containers.

(A) The minimum design pressure for containers must comply with DOT regulations.

(B) The shell or head thickness of containers must be at least 3/16-inch.

and pressure gages, must have labels that designate whether they communicate

with liquid or vapor space.

(A) Protect appurtenances from physical damage.

(B) All connections to containers, except filling connections, safety relief devices, and

liquid-level and pressure gage connections, must have suitable automatic excess

flow valves, or may have quick-closing internal valves, that must remain closed

except during delivery operations. The control mechanism for such valves may have

a secondary control remote from the delivery connections and such control

mechanism must have a fusible section (melting point 208 degrees F. to 220 degrees

F.) that permits the internal valve to close automatically in case of fire.

valves, or quick-closing internal valves, to prevent back-flow in case the filling

connection breaks. You do not need an automatic valve where the filling and

discharge connect to a common opening in the container shell and that opening has

a quick-closing internal valve as in OAR 437-004-0800(f)(3)(ii).

(D) All containers must be capable of spray loading (filling in the vapor space) or with

an approved vapor return valve of adequate capacity.

(d) Piping and fittings.

(A) Securely mount all piping, tubing, and fittings and protect them from damage.

Protect hoses while the vehicle is moving.

(B) Fittings must comply with OAR 437-004-0800(3)(e). Pipe must be Schedule 80.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(7)(e)(A) – (7)(g)(D) H-86 437-004-0800

(e) Safety relief devices.

(A) The discharge from safety relief valves must vent upward away from the container

and to the open air in such a manner as to prevent any impingement of escaping gas.

Use loose-fitting rain caps. Size of discharge lines from safety valves must not be

smaller than the nominal size of the safety-relief valve outlet connection.

Condensate that accumulates in the discharge pipe must drain off.

(B) Any part of liquid ammonia piping that may close at both ends must have a

hydrostatic relief valve.

(f) Transfer of liquids.

(A) Determine the content of tank motor vehicle containers by weight, by a suitable

liquid-level gaging device, or other approved methods. If using a liquid-level

measurement, the container must have a thermometer well. This volume when

converted to weight must not be more than the filling density specified by the DOT.

(B) Any pump, except a constant speed centrifugal pump, must have a suitable

pressure actuated bypass valve permitting flow from discharge to suction when the

discharge pressure rises above a pre-determined point. Pump discharge must also

have a spring-loaded safety relief valve set at a pressure not more than 135 percent

of the setting of the bypass valve or more than 400 p.s.i.g., whichever is larger.

discharge connections. Pressure gages of bourdon-tube type must be on the suction

and discharge of the compressor before the shutoff valves. The compressor must

not operate if either pressure gage is removed or is inoperative. A spring-loaded,

safety-relief valve capable of discharging to atmosphere the full flow of gas from the

compressor at a pressure not more than 300 p.s.i.g. must be between the

compressor discharge and the discharge shutoff valve.

(D) Valve functions have clear and legible identification by metal tags or nameplates

permanently affixed to each valve.

(g) Full trailers and semitrailers.

(A) Securely attach full trailers to the vehicle drawing them with suitable drawbars

and a safety chain (or chains) or safety cables.

(B) Every full trailer or semitrailer must have reliable brakes that operate from the

driver’s seat.

(D) Full trailers must follow substantially in the path of their towing vehicle and will not

whip or swerve dangerously from side to side.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

437-004-0800 H-87 (7)(g)(E) – (8)(d)(B)

(E) Where using a fifth wheel, securely fasten it to both units, and use a positive

locking mechanism that prevents separation of the two units except by manual

release.

(h) Protection against collision. Each tank motor vehicle must have properly attached

bumpers or chassis extension that protects the tank, piping, valves, and fittings from

physical damage.

(i) Chock blocks. There must be at least two chock blocks. Use these blocks to

prevent rolling during loading and unloading.

(j) Portable tank containers (skid tanks). Where these tanks are for farm storage they

must comply with OAR 437-004-0800(4)(a)(A). When portable tank containers substitute

for cargo tanks and are permanently on tank motor vehicles for the transportation of

ammonia, they must comply with the requirements of this paragraph.

(8) Systems on farm vehicles other than for the application of ammonia.

(a) Application. This paragraph applies to containers of 1,200 gallons capacity or less

and equipment on farm vehicles (implements of husbandry) not used to apply ammonia

to the soil. OAR 437-004-0800(4) applies unless otherwise noted.

(b) Design pressure and classification of containers.

(A) The minimum design pressure for containers is 250 p.s.i.g.

(B) Container shell or head thickness must be at least 3/16-inch.

(A) A suitable “stop” or “stops” must be on the vehicle or on the container so that the

container does not be come loose from its mounting.

(B) At one or more places on each side of the container, a “hold down” device must

anchor the container to the vehicle.

axles.

(d) Container appurtenances.

(A) All containers must have a fixed liquid-level gage.

(B) All containers with a capacity more than 250 gallons must have a pressure gage

with a dial graduated from 0-400 p.s.i.

STORAGE & HANDLING OF

ANHYDROUS AMMONIA

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(8)(d)(C) – (9)(d)(A) H-88 437-004-0800

excess-flow valve; one double or two single back-pressure check valves; or a positive

shutoff valve in conjunction with either an internal back-pressure check valve or an

internal excess flow valve.

(D) All containers with a capacity more than 250 gallons must be equipped for spray

loading or have an approved vapor return valve.

(E) All vapor and liquid connections except safety-relief valves and those specifically

exempted in ANSI K61.1-1966, must have approved excess-flow valves or quick-

closing internal valves that, except during operating periods, must be closed.

(F) Fittings must have protection from damage by a metal box or cylinder with an

open top fastened to the container or by rigid guards welded to the container on both

sides of the fittings or by a metal dome. If there is a metal dome, the relief valve must

vent through the dome.

(G) If there is a liquid withdrawal line in the bottom of a container, its connections,

including hose, must not be lower than the lowest horizontal edge of the vehicle axle.

(H) Secure both ends of the hose while in transit.

(e) Marking the container. The words, “Caution – Ammonia” must be on each side

and the rear end of the container in letters at least 4 inches high or its markings must

comply with DOT regulations.

(f) Farm vehicles. All vehicles must carry a container of at least 5 gallons of water for

washing ammonia from the skin.

(9) Systems on farm vehicles for the application of ammonia.

(a) This applies to systems using containers of 250 gallons capacity or less on farm

vehicles (implements of husbandry) used to apply ammonia to the soil. OAR 437-004-

0800(4) applies unless otherwise noted. Larger containers must comply with ANSI

K61.1-1966.

(b) Design pressure and classification of containers.

(A) The minimum design pressure for containers is 250 p.s.i.g.

(B) The shell or head thickness of a container is less than 3/16-inch.

mountings.

(d) Container valves and accessories.

(A) Each container must have a fixed liquid-level gage.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE & HANDLING OF ANHYDROUS

AMMONIA / HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONS &

EMERGENCY RESPONSE (HAZWOPER)

437-004-0800(5)(d)(B) H-89 437-004-0950(2) Notes

(B) The filling connection must have a combination back-pressure check valve and

an excess-flow valve; one double or two single back-pressure check valves: or a

positive shut-off valve in conjunction with an internal back-pressure check valve or

an internal excess-flow valve.

not more than 7/16-inch in diameter.

(D) Regulation equipment may connect directly to the tank coupling or flange only

with a flexible connection between the regulating equipment and the rest of the liquid

withdrawal system. Otherwise, connect the regulating equipment flexibly to the

container shutoff valve.

(E) There need be no excess flow valve in the liquid withdrawal line if the controlling

orifice between the contents of the container and the outlet of the shutoff valve is not

more than 7/16-inch in diameter.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

437-004-0950 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.

(HAZWOPER)

(1) If an agricultural employer requires employees to respond to an emergency release of a

hazardous chemical with a reasonable possibility for employee exposure to safety or health

hazards, that response activity must be in compliance with the applicable sections of Division

2/H, 1910.120, Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response.

(2) Agricultural employers whose activities include clean-up operations involving hazardous

waste, including those conducted at a treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) facility, are

subject to the applicable requirements in Division 2/H, 1910.120, Hazardous Waste

Operations and Emergency Response.

NOTES:

There are two primary considerations for most agricultural employers to determine if the

HAZWOPER rules apply to you:

(1) Do you expect your employees to respond to spills of hazardous chemicals in a way that

involves a reasonable possibility of exposure to safety or health hazards? (If NO, the HAZWOPER

rules do not apply.)

(2) If YES, would your employees respond only to an incidental release of a hazardous chemical;

or, to an emergency release of a hazardous chemical?

HAZARDOUS WASTE OPERATIONS &

EMERGENCY RESPONSE (HAZWOPER)

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(2) Notes H-90 437-004-0950

(a) IF you expect your employees to respond only to an incidental release (defined as a

situation where the spilled substance can be absorbed, neutralized, or otherwise controlled at

the time of release by employees in the immediate area, or by maintenance personnel;) and

there is no potential safety or health hazard (such as fire, explosion, or chemical exposure;)

THEN, the HAZWOPER RULES DO NOT APPLY. However, you must train and equip

employees who are expected to respond to incidental releases to safely handle that type of

non-routine task as required by Division 4/Z, 437-004-9800, Hazard Communication Standard

for Agricultural Employers.)

(b) IF you expect your employees to respond to an emergency release (defined as an

occurrence that results in, or is likely to result in an uncontrolled release of a hazardous

substance; or, a situation that requires a response effort by employees from outside the

immediate release area, or by other designated responders such as mutual-aid groups or

local fire departments;) THEN, the HAZWOPER RULES APPLY. Agricultural employers who

expect their employees to respond to these types of emergencies are required to follow the

sections in the HAZWOPER rules that apply to emergency releases “without regard to the

location of the hazard.” (See Division 2/H, 1910.120(q) Emergency responses to hazardous

substance releases.)

The best source of information about any chemical in the workplace (including recommended

personal protective equipment and procedures for spill-response) is often the chemical’s Safety

Data Sheet (SDS).

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Chapter 437

Division 4

Agriculture

Protective Equipment

Subdivision

Administrative

Order 2-2023

In accordance with Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 654, The Oregon Safe Employment Act (OSEAct),

Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, Occupational Safety and Health Division

(Oregon OSHA), adopted these rules.

The Secretary of State designated Oregon Administrative Rules Chapter 437 as the Oregon Occupational

Safety and Health Division Rules. Six subject areas are designated as “Divisions” of these rules.

• Division 1 Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act

• Division 2 General Occupational Safety and Health Rules

• Division 3 Construction

• Division 4 Agriculture

• Division 5 Maritime Activities

• Division 7 Forest Activities

Oregon-initiated rules are numbered in a uniform system developed by the Secretary of State. This system

does not number the rules in sequence (001, 002, 003, etc.). Omitted numbers may be assigned to new

rules at the time of their adoption.

Oregon-initiated rules are arranged in the following codification structure prescribed by the Secretary of

State for Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR):

Chapter Division Subdivision Rule Section Paragraphs

437 004 N 0221 (1) (a)(A)(i)(I)

Cite as 437-004-0221(1)(a)

Many of the Oregon OSHA rules are adopted by reference from the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR),

and are arranged in the following federal numbering system:

Part Subpart Section Paragraphs

(Subdivision)

1910 N .176 (a)(1)(i)(A)(1)(i)

Cite as 1910.176(a)(1)

When both Federal and Oregon-initiated rules are in the same Division or Subdivision, the Oregon-initiated

rules are displayed in italics. The terms “subdivision” and “subpart” are synonymous within OAR 437,

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health rules.

These rules are available for viewing in the Office of the Secretary of State, Oregon State Archives

Building, Salem, Oregon.

These rules are available in electronic and printable formats at osha.oregon.gov.

Printed copies of these rules are available at:

Department of Consumer & Business Services

Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division (Oregon OSHA)

350 Winter St. NE

Salem, OR 97301-3882

Or call the Oregon OSHA Resource Library at 503-378-3272.

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

Table of Contents

I - iii

Table of Contents

437-004-1005 General Requirements for Protective Equipment .................................... 5

437-004-1020 Personal Fall Protection .......................................................................... 7

437-004-1030 Work Clothing........................................................................................ 10

437-004-1035 Eye and Face Protection ....................................................................... 11

437-004-1041 Respiratory Protection ........................................................................... 12

Appendix A to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection – Fit Testing Procedures (Mandatory) 33

Appendix B-1 to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection – User Seal Check Procedures

(Mandatory) ........................................................................................... 59

Appendix B-2 to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection – Respirator Cleaning Procedures

(Mandatory) ........................................................................................... 61

Appendix C to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection ........................................................... 63

Apéndice C de OAR 437-004-1041, Protección de la Respiración ....................................... 73

Appendix D to OAR 437-004-1041 – Information for Employees Voluntarily Using Respirators

(Mandatory) ........................................................................................... 83

Apéndice D de OAR 437-004-1041 – Información para Trabajadores que Usan Respiradores

Voluntariamente (Obligatorio) ............................................................... 85

437-004-1050 Head Protection .................................................................................... 87

437-004-1060 Hand, Foot, and Extremity Protection ................................................... 87

437-004-1070 Working Underway on Water ................................................................ 89

437-004-1075 Working Over or in Water ...................................................................... 90

Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I – Sample Hazard Assessment for Personal Protective

Equipment (PPE) (Nonmandatory) ........................................................ 91

Historical Notes for Subdivision I ........................................................................................... 98

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1005

I - 5

437-004-1005 (3)(b)

437-004-1005 General Requirements for Protective Equipment

(1) Definitions.

Contaminants – include any substance that can cause illness or physical harm to a

person by contact with or entry into the body. Examples include dust in the air and

pesticide residues in water.

Hazards – include chemicals, contaminants, and energy sources that are present in the

workplace environment in a way that can cause injury to, or functional impairment

of, any part of the body through absorption, inhalation or physical contact.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) – includes anything worn or used for protecting

a person from hazards.

(2) Hazard assessment and protective equipment selection.

Note: This section applies to protective equipment not covered in OAR 437-004-1041 (Respiratory

Protection) or OAR 437-004-0630 (Noise Exposure).

(a) The employer must assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or

are likely to be present, that would make the use of personal protective equipment

(PPE) necessary to protect employees.

(b) If such hazards are present, or likely to be present, the employer must:

(A) Select, and ensure that each exposed employee use, the types of PPE that

will protect them from the hazards identified in the hazard assessment;

(B) Communicate PPE selection decisions to each exposed employee; and,

Note: Nonmandatory Appendix A to Subdivision I provides a sample hazard assessment

procedure.

(3) Payment for protective equipment.

(a) Except as in paragraphs (3)(b) through (3)(e), employers must provide, at no cost

to the employee, all protective equipment, including personal protective equipment

(PPE). For purposes of this rule, employees of labor contractors, labor leasing

companies and temporary labor providers are the employees of the using

employer. The using employer must supply PPE in compliance with this rule.

Note: When another Oregon OSHA standard specifies that the employer must pay for protective

equipment, that standard applies over this one.

(b) Employers do not have to pay for non-specialty safety-toe protective footwear

(including steel-toe shoes or steel-toe boots) and non-specialty prescription safety

eyewear, if the employer allows employees to wear the items off the job site.

Protective Equipment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1005 (3)(c)

I - 6

437-004-1005 (10)

or boots with built-in metatarsal protection, employers do not have to reimburse

the employee for the shoes or boots.

(d) Employers do not have to pay for:

(A) Everyday clothing, such as long-sleeve shirts, long pants, street shoes, and

normal work boots; or

(B) Ordinary clothing, skin creams, or other items, used solely for protection from

weather, such as winter coats, jackets, gloves, parkas, rubber boots, hats,

raincoats, ordinary sunglasses, and sunscreen.

(e) Employers must pay for replacement PPE, except when the employee has lost or

intentionally damaged the PPE.

Note: Employees must not be allowed to work in hazardous conditions without the appropriate PPE.

(f) Where an employee provides their own protective equipment the employer does

not have to reimburse the employee for that equipment. (Also see paragraph (4))

(4) Employees’ equipment. If employees provide their own protective equipment, the

employer is responsible to ensure that it is adequate and is right for the job and

hazards.

(5) Equipment inspection, maintenance, and storage. Do not allow workers to use defective

or damaged personal protective equipment. All protective equipment, whether furnished

by the employer or provided by the employee, must be maintained in a sanitary and

reliable condition.

(6) Skin protection. Where needed, provide and require the use of protective coverings,

such as aprons, ointments, gloves or other effective protection to employees exposed to

materials or conditions that are hazardous to their skin.

(7) Follow manufacturer’s instruction. Require employees to wear and use personal

protective equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

(8) Watches and jewelry. Employees working where they might contact moving parts of

powered machinery or live parts of electrical equipment, must not be allowed to wear

rings, watches, earrings, bracelets or other things that could cause a hazard.

(9) Control hazards first. Contain or eliminate hazards at the source by using administrative

or engineering controls. Personal protective equipment is appropriate when these types

of controls are not feasible or where there are still hazards.

(10) Training.

Note: This section applies to protective equipment not covered in OAR 437-004-1041 (Respiratory

Protection) or OAR 437-004-0630 (Noise Exposure).

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1005 (10)(a)

I - 7

437-004-1020 (1)

(a) The employer must provide training to each employee who is required to use

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), that includes at least the following:

(A) When PPE is necessary;

(B) What type of PPE is necessary;

(D) The limitations and useful life of the PPE; and,

(E) The proper care, maintenance, storage and disposal of the PPE.

(b) Each affected employee must demonstrate an understanding of the training

specified in paragraph (10)(a) of this section, and the ability to use PPE properly,

before being allowed to perform work requiring the use of PPE.

already been trained does not have the understanding and skill required by

paragraph (10)(a) of this section, the employer must retrain that employee.

Circumstances where retraining is required include:

(A) When changes in the workplace make previous training obsolete;

(B) When changes in the types of PPE to be used make previous training

obsolete;

use of assigned PPE indicate that the employee has not retained the

required understanding or skill.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 5-2008, filed 5/1/08, effective 5/15/08.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-1020 Personal Fall Protection

Note: The general requirements for Protective Equipment in 437-004-1005 apply to Personal Fall

Protection.

(1) Definitions.

Competent person – is a person who because of training and experience, can identify

existing and predictable hazards in equipment, material, conditions or practices

and who has the knowledge and authority to take corrective steps.

Lanyard – A flexible line connected at one end to a body belt or harness and at the

other end to an anchorage.

Protective Equipment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1020 (1)

I - 8

437-004-1020 (3)(e)

Personal fall arrest system means a system used to stop an employee in a fall from a

working level. It consists of an anchorage, connectors, body harness and may

include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these.

Personal fall protection systems include arrest systems, restraint systems or

positioning device systems.

Personal fall restraint system means a fall protection system that prevents the user

from falling any distance. The system is comprised of either a body belt or body

harness, along with an anchorage, connectors and other necessary equipment.

The other components typically include a lanyard, and may also include a lifeline

and other devices.

Positioning device system means a body belt or body harness system rigged to allow

an employee to be supported on an elevated vertical surface, such as a wall, and

work with both hands free while leaning.

Qualified person – is a person who has a recognized degree, certification, professional

standing, knowledge, training or experience; and has successfully demonstrated

the ability to perform the work, or solve or resolve problems relating to the work,

subject matter, or project.

(2) Protect all employees from falls when working:

(a) On unguarded surfaces more than 10 feet above a lower level; and

(b) Above open pits, tanks or dangerous equipment at any height.

Note: The requirements to protect employees from falls when working on unguarded surfaces more

than 10 feet above a lower level does NOT apply when the work is of limited duration and

limited exposure, and it is equally or more hazardous to set up or use a fall protection system.

Examples include work on haystacks, stacked silage, and stacked Christmas trees in open,

outdoor areas.

(3) Personal fall protection systems must use:

(a) Lanyards and vertical lifelines that have a minimum breaking strength of 5,000

pounds.

(b) Connectors that are drop forged, pressed or formed steel, or equivalent materials.

edges to prevent damage to interfacing parts of the system.

(d) Dee-rings, snap hooks or carabiners that have a minimum tensile strength of

5,000 lbs. and that are proof-tested to a minimum tensile load of 3,600 pounds

without cracking, breaking, or taking permanent deformation.

(e) Snap hooks and carabiners that are self-locking or double-locking and sized to be

compatible with the member to which they are connected.

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1020 (4)

I - 9

437-004-1020 (9)

(4) Use lifelines, body belts or safety harnesses and lanyards only for the purpose they

were intended. Remove fall protection equipment from service after it has been

subjected to a load.

(5) Anchorages:

(a) Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment must be

capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds per employee attached, or must be

designed, installed, and used as follows:

(A) Under the supervision of a qualified person; and

(B) As part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety

factor of at least two.

(b) Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall restraint or positioning device

systems must be capable of supporting 3000 lbs. per employee attached, or be

designed, installed and used as follows:

(A) Under the supervision of a qualified person; and

(B) As part of a complete personal fall restraint or positioning device system

which maintains a safety factor of at least two.

(6) Horizontal lifelines must be designed, installed, and used, under the supervision of a

qualified person, as part of a complete personal fall arrest system, which maintains a

safety factor of at least two.

(7) Fall arrest and fall restraint systems.

(a) Fall arrest systems must be rigged so that an employee can neither free fall more

than 6 feet, nor contact any lower level.

(b) Fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, must limit maximum arresting force on

an employee to 1,800 pounds

deceleration distance an employee travels to 3.5 feet.

(d) Fall restraint systems must be rigged to prevent the user from falling any distance.

(e) Positioning device systems must be rigged such that an employee cannot free fall

more than 2 feet.

(8) Personal fall protection systems must be inspected by a competent person prior to each

use for wear, damage and other deterioration, and defective components must be

removed from service.

(9) When employees use personal fall arrest systems, the employer must provide for

prompt rescue of employees in the event of a fall or ensure that employees are able to

rescue themselves.

Protective Equipment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1020 (9)

I - 10

437-004-1030 (3)(b)

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-1030 Work Clothing

(1) General requirements. Ensure that employees:

(a) Wear clothing that provides adequate protection for the hazards of the work.

(b) Do not wear loose sleeves or other loose clothing when near enough to be caught

in moving parts of machinery.

Note: See Divisions 4/O and 4/P for equipment and tool guarding requirements.

hazardous substances.

Note: See Subdivision 4/P 437-004-2230 for requirements for PPE while using chain saws.

(2) High visibility garments.

(a) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or work

assigned will expose employees to hazards caused by on-highway type moving

vehicles in work zones and street or highway traffic.

(b) Work that exposes employees to these hazards must comply with Division 2/I,

437-002-0134(7) High Visibility Garments.

(3) Face coverings.

(a) Allow employees to wear a face covering if they so choose, unless doing so

creates or otherwise exposes the employee to a hazard.

(b) Employers must supply these items at no cost to employees when the employer

requires their use.

Note: For purposes of this rule, employers are not required to allow voluntary use of respirators if an

employee requests to use one in lieu of a face covering.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 9-2006, filed 9/22/06, effective 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

OR-OSHA Temporary Administrative Order 1-2023, filed 3/30/23, effective 4/3/23.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 2-2023, filed 8/16/23, effective 8/17/23

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1035

I - 11

437-004-1035 (2)(a)(C)

437-004-1035 Eye and Face Protection

Notes:

See Division 4/Q, 437-004-2310(6) for the protective equipment requirements for welders in agricultural

workplaces.

See Division 4/W, 437-004-6000, 170.240(c)(7) for the protective eyewear requirements for pesticide

handlers.

(1) General requirements. Employers must:

(a) Provide and require the use of eye or face protection that protects employees from

hazards such as flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids or caustic

materials, gases and vapors, electrical hazards, or potentially harmful light

radiation.

(b) If an employee wears prescription lenses while doing work that involves eye or

face hazards, either provide protective equipment that incorporates the

prescription lenses or provide protective equipment that can be worn over the

prescription lenses in a way that does not disturb the proper position of either the

prescription lenses or the protective equipment.

a hazard from flying objects. Detachable side protectors on safety glasses (such

as, clip-on or slide-on side shields) are acceptable if they offer adequate protection

from the hazard.

(d) Eye and face protection equipment must be clean and in good repair.

(2) Criteria for protective eye and face devices.

(a) Protective eye and face protection devices must comply with any of the following

consensus standards:

(A) ANSI Z87.1-2003, “American National Standard Practices for Occupational

and Educational Eye and Face Protection;”

(B) ANSI Z89.1-1997, “American National Standard for Industrial Head

Protection;”

Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers – Requirements.”

Note: The Oregon OSHA Resource Center has copies of these standards for public review at

350 Winter Street NE, Salem OR.

Protective Equipment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1035 (2)(b)

I - 12

437-004-1041 (2)

(b) Protective eye and face protection devices that the employer demonstrates are at

least as effective as protective eye and face protection devices that are

constructed in accordance with one of the consensus standards will be deemed to

be in compliance with the requirements of this section.

(3) Laser protection.

(a) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or work

assigned will expose employees to laser light beams.

(b) Work that exposes employees to laser light beams must be furnished laser safety

goggles which will protect for the specific wavelength of the laser and be of optical

density adequate for the energy involved.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 2-2010, filed 2/25/10, effective 2/25/10.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-1041 Respiratory Protection

(1) Permissible practice.

(a) To control occupational diseases caused by breathing contaminated air, the best

method is to prevent contamination with engineering controls. To the extent

feasible, accepted engineering controls must be used. Examples of engineering

controls include enclosing the source of contamination, providing general or local

exhaust ventilation to remove the contaminated air from work areas, and

substituting less toxic materials. When this approach is not feasible, or while

engineering controls are being established, employers must provide appropriate

respirators in compliance with this standard.

(b) You must provide a respirator to each employee when it is necessary to protect

their health. Respirators must be appropriate for the hazard. You must also

establish and maintain an effective respiratory protection program that includes at

least the requirements outlined in paragraph (3) of this standard. The program

must cover each employee required to use a respirator.

(2) Definitions. The following definitions apply to this standard.

Air-purifying respirator is a respirator with an air-purifying filter, cartridge, or canister

that removes specific air contaminants by passing ambient air through the air-

purifying element.

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1041 (2)

I - 13

437-004-1041 (2)

Assigned protection factor (APF) means the workplace level of respiratory protection

that a respirator or class of respirators is expected to provide to employees when

the employer implements a continuing, effective respiratory protection program as

specified by this section.

Atmosphere-supplying respirator is a respirator that supplies the user with breathing

air from a source independent of the ambient atmosphere, and includes supplied-

air respirators (SARs) and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) units.

Canister or cartridge is a container with a filter, sorbent, or catalyst, or combination of

these items, that removes specific contaminants from the air passed through the

container.

Competent person is a person who, because of training and experience, can identify

existing and predictable hazards in equipment, material, conditions or practices

and who has the knowledge and authority to take corrective steps.

Demand respirator is an atmosphere-supplying respirator that admits breathing air to

the face piece only when inhalation creates a negative pressure inside the face

piece.

Elastomer (elastomeric) is an elastic substance like rubber or neoprene.

Emergency situation is any event such as, but not limited to, equipment failure,

rupture of containers, or failure of control equipment that may or does result in an

uncontrolled significant release of an airborne contaminant.

Employee exposure is exposure to a concentration of an airborne contaminant that

would occur if the employee were not using respiratory protection.

End-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) is a device, on the cartridge, that warns respirator

users when their respirator is near the end of its ability to protect them. For

example, an indicator on the cartridge will change to warn the user that the

cartridge sorbent material is nearing saturation and is no longer effective.

Engineering control measures are methods to eliminate or control employee

exposure to the hazard; e.g., substitution of a less toxic material, general or local

ventilation and enclosing the operation.

Escape-only respirator is a respirator only for use during emergency exit.

Filter or air purifying element is a respirator component (e.g., canister or cartridge)

that removes solid or liquid aerosols from the inspired air.

Filtering face piece (dust mask) is a tight fitting negative pressure particulate

respirator with a filter as an integral part of the face piece or with the entire face

piece made of the filtering medium.

Protective Equipment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (2)

I - 14

437-004-1041 (2)

Fit factor is a quantitative estimate of the fit of a particular respirator to a specific

person, and typically estimates the ratio of the concentration of a substance in

ambient air to its concentration inside the respirator when worn. Instrumentation is

used with ambient air as the “test agent” to quantify the respirator fit. See appendix

Fit test is the use of procedures in Appendix A to qualitatively or quantitatively evaluate

the fit of a respirator on a person. (See also Qualitative fit test QLFT and

Quantitative fit test QNFT.)

Helmet is a rigid respirator covering that also provides head protection against impact

and penetration.

High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter is a filter that is at least 99.97 percent

efficient in removing monodisperse particles of 0.3 micrometers in diameter. The

equivalent NIOSH 42 CFR 84 particulate filters are the N100, R100, and P100

filters.

Hood is a respirator covering that completely covers the head and neck and may also

cover portions of the shoulders and torso.

Immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) is an atmosphere that poses an

immediate threat to life, would cause irreversible adverse health effects, or would

impair an individual’s ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.

Interior structural firefighting is the physical activity of fire suppression, rescue or

both, inside of buildings or enclosed structures which are involved in a fire

situation beyond the incipient stage.

Loose-fitting face piece is a respiratory covering that forms a partial seal with the face,

e.g., hood.

Maximum use concentration (MUC) means the maximum atmospheric concentration

of a hazardous substance from which an employee can be expected to be

protected when wearing a respirator, and is determined by the assigned protection

factor of the respirator or class of respirators and the exposure limit of the

hazardous substance. The MUC can be determined mathematically by multiplying

the assigned protection factor specified for a respirator by the required OSHA

permissible exposure limit, short-term exposure limit, or ceiling limit. When no

OSHA exposure limit is available for a hazardous substance, an employer must

determine an MUC on the basis of relevant available information and informed

professional judgment.

Negative pressure respirator (tight fitting) is a respirator in which the air pressure

inside the face piece is negative during inhalation with respect to the ambient air

pressure outside the respirator.

Protective Equipment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1041 (2)

I - 15

437-004-1041 (3)

Oxygen deficient atmosphere is an atmosphere with an oxygen content less than 19.5

percent by volume.

Physician or other licensed health care professional (PLHCP) is a person whose

legally permitted scope of practice (i.e., license, registration, or certification) allows

them to independently provide, or be delegated to provide, some or all of the

health care services required by this standard.

Positive pressure respirator is a respirator in which the pressure inside the respiratory

covering is higher than the air pressure outside the respirator.

Powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) is an air-purifying respirator that uses a

blower to force the ambient air through air-purifying elements to the inlet covering.

Pressure demand respirator is a positive pressure atmosphere-supplying respirator

that admits breathing air to the face piece when inhalation reduces the positive

pressure inside the face piece.

Qualitative fit test (QLFT) is a pass/fail fit test to assess the adequacy of respirator fit

that relies on the individual’s response to the test agent. See Appendix A.

Quantitative fit test (QNFT) is an assessment of the adequacy of respirator fit by

numerically measuring the amount of leakage into the respirator. See Appendix A.

Respirator covering is that part of a respirator that forms the protective barrier

between the user’s respiratory tract and an air-purifying device or breathing air

source, or both. It may be a face piece, helmet, hood, suit, or a mouthpiece

respirator with nose clamp.

Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) is an atmosphere-supplying respirator

for which user carries the breathing air source.

Service life is the period of time that a respirator, filter or sorbent, or other respiratory

equipment adequately protects the wearer.

Supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator is an atmosphere-supplying

respirator for which the source of breathing air is not carried by the user.

Tight-fitting face piece is a respirator covering that forms a complete seal with the

face, e.g., half mask or full-face piece.

User seal check is an action by the respirator user to determine if the respirator is

properly seated to the face. See appendix B-1.

(3) Respiratory protection program.

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437-004-1041 (3)(a)

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437-004-1041 (3)(c)(B)

(a) When respirators are necessary to protect the health of workers or when you

require workers to wear them, you must have an effective, written respiratory

protection program, managed by a knowledgeable person, with procedures

specific to your work site. Keep the program updated to reflect changes in

conditions that require the use of respirators. You must include at least these

points, as applicable:

(A) Procedures for selecting respirators for use in the workplace;

(B) Procedures for the medical evaluations of employees required to use

respirators;

(D) Procedures for proper use of respirators in routine and reasonably

foreseeable emergency situations;

(E) Procedures and schedules for cleaning, disinfecting, storing, inspecting,

repairing, discarding, and otherwise maintaining respirators;

(F) Procedures to ensure adequate air quality, quantity, and flow of breathing air

for atmosphere-supplying respirators;

(G) Procedures for training employees in the respiratory hazards to which they

are potentially exposed during routine and emergency situations;

(H) Procedures for training employees in the proper use of respirators, including

putting on and removing them, any limitations on their use, and their

maintenance; and

(I) Procedures for regularly evaluating the effectiveness of the program.

(b) The employer must provide respirators, and all other program requirements

including training, and medical evaluations at no cost to the employee.

(A) You may provide respirators to employees who request them or they may

use their own respirators. If you allow this voluntary use;

(i) You must determine that it will not create a hazard to the user.

(ii) You must provide the voluntary user with the information in Appendix D,

“Information for Employees Using Respirators When Not Required

Under the Standard”, and;

(B) You must have a limited written respiratory program for voluntary users. It

must include those parts of the standard program necessary to ensure that:

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437-004-1041 (4)(b)(C)

(i) The user is medically able to use the respirator without adverse health

effects. Users of tight-fitting respirators other than dust masks must

have a medical evaluation.

(ii) The user will properly clean, store and maintain the respirator.

(4) Selection of respirators. Identify and evaluate the respiratory hazard(s) including a

reasonable estimate of employee exposures and an identification of the contaminant’s

chemical state and physical form. You must treat atmospheres with the potential for

IDLH conditions as an IDLH hazard and provide appropriate respiratory protection.

(a) General requirements.

(A) You must evaluate respiratory hazards, conditions in the workplace and user

factors, then select and provide the appropriate respirators.

(B) All respirators must have NIOSH certification and all use must conform to

that certification.

(b) Respirators for IDLH atmospheres.

(A) Provide the following respirators for employee use in IDLH atmospheres:

(i) A full face piece pressure demand SCBA certified by NIOSH for a

minimum service life of 30 minutes, or

(ii) A combination full-face piece pressure demand supplied-air respirator

(SAR) with auxiliary self-contained air supply.

(B) Respirators only for escape from IDLH atmospheres must have NIOSH

certification for escape from the atmosphere of use.

Exception to paragraph (4)(b)(C): If you can demonstrate that under all foreseeable

conditions, the oxygen concentration will stay within the ranges in Table A for the

appropriate altitudes set out in the table, then your selection of atmosphere-supplying

respirators is not limited to the types listed in (4)(b)(A).

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Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (4)(b)(C)

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437-004-1041 (4)(c)(A)(i)

Table A

Altitude (ft.)

Oxygen deficient Atmospheres (% 0

) for which the employer may rely on

atmosphere-supplying respirators

Less than 3,001

16.0-19.5

3,001-4,000

16.4-19.5

4,001-5,000

17.1-19.5

5,001-6,000

17.8-19.5

6,001-7,000

18.5-19.5

7,000-8,000

19.3-19.5

This exception does not apply to altitudes above 8,000 feet. Oxygen-enriched breathing air must be

supplied above 14,000 feet.

(A) Provide respirators adequate to protect the health of workers and ensure

compliance with all other OR-OSHA requirements, under routine and

reasonably foreseeable emergency situations.

(i) Assigned Protection Factors (APFs). Employers must use the assigned

protection factors listed in Table B to select a respirator that meets or

exceeds the required level of employee protection. When using a

combination respirator (e.g., airline respirators with an air-purifying

filter), employers must ensure that the assigned protection factor is

appropriate to the mode of operation in which the respirator is being

used.

Table B – Assigned Protection Factors

Type of respirator

1,2

Quarter

mask

Half

mask

Full

facepiece

Helmet/

hood

Loose-fitting

facepiece

1. Air-Purifying Respirator

2. Powered Air-Purifying Respirator

(PAPR)

1,000

25/1,000

3. Supplied-Air Respirator (SAR) or Airline Respirator

Demand mode

Continuous flow mode

1,000

25/1,000

Pressure-demand or other

positive-pressure mode

1,000

4. Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA)

Demand mode

Pressure-demand or other

positive-pressure mode (e.g.,

open/closed circuit)

10,000

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437-004-1041 (4)(c)(C)(ii)(I)

Notes:

Employers may select respirators assigned for use in higher workplace concentrations of a hazardous

substance for use at lower concentrations of that substance, or when required respirator use is

independent of concentration.

The assigned protection factors in Table B are only effective when the employer implements a continuing,

effective respirator program as required by this section (Division 4/I, 437-004-1041), including training, fit

testing, maintenance, and use requirements.

This APF category includes filtering facepieces, and half masks with elastomeric facepieces.

The employer must have evidence provided by the respirator manufacturer that testing of these

respirators demonstrates performance at a level of protection of 1,000 or greater to receive an APF of

1,000. This level of performance can best be demonstrated by performing a WPF or SWPF study or

equivalent testing. Absent such testing, all other PAPRs and SARs with helmets/hoods are to be treated

as loose-fitting facepiece respirators, and receive an APF of 25.

These APFs do not apply to respirators used solely for escape. For escape respirators used in

association with specific substances covered by Division 4/Z, employers must refer to the appropriate

substance-specific standards in that subpart. Escape respirators for other IDLH atmospheres are

specified by Division 4/I, 437-004-1041(4)(b)(B).

(ii) Maximum Use Concentration (MUC).

(I) The employer must select a respirator for employee use that

maintains the employee’s exposure to the hazardous substance,

when measured outside the respirator, at or below the MUC.

(II) Employers must not apply MUCs to conditions that are

immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH); instead, they must

use respirators listed for IDLH conditions in paragraph (4)(b) of

this standard.

(III) When the calculated MUC exceeds the IDLH level for a

hazardous substance, or the performance limits of the cartridge or

canister, then employers must set the maximum MUC at that

lower limit.

(B) The respirator must be appropriate for the chemical state and physical form

of the contaminant.

(i) An atmosphere-supplying respirator, or

(ii) An air-purifying respirator, if:

(I) It has and end-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) certified by NIOSH

for the contaminant; or

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437-004-1041 (5)(c)

(II) If there is no ESLI appropriate for your conditions, implement a

change schedule for canisters and cartridges that is based on

objective information or data that will ensure that canisters and

cartridges are changed before the end of their service life.

Describe in the respirator program the information and data relied

on and the basis for the canister and cartridge change schedule

and the basis for reliance on the data.

Note: The Worker Protection Standard contains criteria for specific change out

schedules for respirator canisters and cartridges. See Division 4/W,

170.240.

(D) For protection against particulates, provide:

(i) An atmosphere-supplying respirator; or

(ii) An air-purifying respirator with a filter certified by NIOSH under 30 CFR

part 11 as a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter, or an air-

purifying respirator with a filter certified for particulates by NIOSH under

42 CFR part 84; or

(iii) For contaminants consisting primarily of particles with mass median

aerodynamic diameters (MMAD) of at least 2 micrometers, an air-

purifying respirator with any filter certified for particulates by NIOSH.

(5) Medical evaluation. Using a respirator may place a physiological burden on employees

that depends on the type of respirator, the job and workplace conditions in which the

respirator is used, and the medical status of the employee.

(a) General. You must provide medical evaluations to determine each worker’s ability

to use a respirator without causing adverse health effects. Do this before the

worker’s fit test and before they perform any work requiring respirator use. The

employer may discontinue an employee’s medical evaluations when the employee

no longer uses a respirator.

(b) Medical evaluation procedures. The employer must identify a physician or other

licensed health care professional (PLHCP) to perform medical evaluations using a

medical questionnaire or an initial examination that obtains the same information

as the medical questionnaire. The medical evaluation must obtain the information

requested by the questionnaire in Appendix C, Part A, Sections 1 and 2, of this

standard.

Note: If the employee refuses the examination, they may not be permitted to work in jobs that

require a tight-fitting respirator.

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

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AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1041 (5)(c)(A)

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437-004-1041 (5)(e)(B)

(A) The employer must ensure that a follow-up medical examination is provided

for an employee if, in the opinion of the PLHCP, this is necessary.

Note: The PLHCP may require a follow-up examination for an employee who gives a positive

response to any question among questions 1 through 9, or 10 through 15 in Appendix C,

Part A, Section 2; or whose initial medical examination demonstrates the need for a

follow-up medical examination.

(B) The follow-up medical examination must include any medical tests,

consultations, or diagnostic procedures that the PLHCP deems necessary to

make a final determination.

(d) Administration of the medical questionnaire and examinations.

(A) You must allow the employee to complete the questionnaire in a way that

protects the confidentiality of the information. Employers are not allowed to

see the answers or to review the completed form. You must allow employees

to complete the form during normal working hours or at a time and place

convenient to them. If employees need help, allow them to ask your PLHCP

or anybody other than their employer or representatives of their employer.

(B) The employer must provide the employee with an opportunity to discuss the

questionnaire and examination results with the PLHCP.

(e) Supplemental information for the PLHCP.

(A) You must give the PLHCP the required supplemental information before they

make any recommendation about a worker’s ability to use a respirator. Use

Appendix C, Part B, Section 2 of this standard, or an equivalent form to

provide this information.

(i) The type and weight of the respirator the employee will use;

(ii) How long and how often the employee will use the respirator (including

use for rescue and escape);

(iii) The expected physical work effort while using the respirator;

(iv) Additional protective clothing and equipment to be worn; and

(v) Temperature and humidity extremes that may exist during use.

(B) Supplemental information you provide for an employee’s medical evaluation

does not have to be provided again for later evaluations unless the

information or the PLHCP changes.

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (5)(e)(B)

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437-004-1041 (6)

Note to Paragraph (5)(e): When the employer replaces a PLHCP, the employer must ensure that

the new PLHCP has this information, either by providing the documents directly to the new

PLHCP or by having the documents transferred from the former PLHCP to the new PLHCP.

However, OR-OSHA does not expect employers to have employees medically reevaluated

solely because there is a new PLHCP.

(f) Medical determination. In determining the employee’s ability to use a respirator,

the employer must:

(A) Obtain a written recommendation about the employee’s ability to use the

respirator from the PLHCP. The recommendation must provide only the

following information:

(i) Any limitations on respirator use relating to the medical condition

of the employee, or relating to the workplace conditions, including

whether or not the employee is medically able to use the

respirator;

(ii) The need, if any, for follow-up medical evaluations; and

(iii) A statement that the PLHCP gave a copy of the recommendation

to the worker.

(B) If the respirator is a negative pressure respirator and the PLHCP finds

that using it would increase the employee’s health risk, the employer

must provide a PAPR until a subsequent evaluation clears the

employee for another type.

(g) Additional medical evaluations. At a minimum, the employer must provide

additional medical evaluations that comply with this standard if:

(A) An employee reports medical signs or symptoms related to ability to use a

respirator;

(B) A PLHCP, supervisor, or the knowledgeable person who manages the

respiratory protection program informs the employer that an employee needs

a reevaluation; or

made during fit testing and program evaluation, indicates a need for

employee reevaluation; or

(D) A change occurs in work conditions (such as physical work effort, protective

clothing, and temperatures) that may result in a substantial increase in the

physiological burden to the employee.

(6) Fit testing. You must:

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437-004-1041 (6)(a)

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437-004-1041 (6)(h)(A)

(a) Ensure that employees using a tight-fitting face piece respirator pass an

appropriate qualitative fit test (QLFT) or quantitative fit test (QNFT), using the

same make, model, style and size respirator that they will use in the workplace.

(b) Ensure that each worker using a tight-fitting face piece respirator is fit tested,

before initial respirator use; whenever they change to another type, style, model,

or make of respirator, and at least annually thereafter.

program administrator, or a PLCHP report any change in the worker’s physical

condition that could affect the respirator fit. Such conditions include, but are not

limited to, facial scarring, dental changes, cosmetic surgery, or an obvious change

in body weight.

(d) Give employees a reasonable opportunity to select a different respirator face piece

and redo the fit test if, after passing a QLFT or QNFT, the employee notifies the

employer, supervisor, or PLHCP that the fit of the respirator is unacceptable.

(e) Ensure that all fit tests comply with the accepted QLFT or QNFT protocols in

Appendix A of this standard.

(f) Ensure that qualitative fit tests (QLFT) are used only to fit test negative pressure

air-purifying respirators that must achieve an assigned protective factor of 50 or

less.

(g) Ensure that quantitative fit tests (QNFT), using an accepted QNFT protocol, are

only passed by achieving a fit factor of 100 or more for a tight fitting half face piece

respirator, and a fit factor of 500 or more for a tight fitting full face piece respirator.

(h) Ensure that fit testing of tight-fitting atmosphere-supplying respirators and tight-

fitting powered air-purifying respirators is only accomplished by performing

quantitative or qualitative fit testing in the negative pressure mode, regardless of

the mode of operation (negative or positive pressure) that is used for respiratory

protection.

(A) Do qualitative fit testing of these respirators by temporarily converting the

respirator user’s actual face piece into a negative pressure respirator with

appropriate filters, or by using an identical negative pressure air-purifying

respirator face piece with the same sealing surfaces as a surrogate for the

atmosphere-supplying or powered air-purifying respirator face piece.

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Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (6)(h)(B)

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437-004-1041 (7)(b)(B)(iii)

(B) Do quantitative fit testing of these respirators by modifying the face piece to

allow sampling inside the face piece in the breathing zone of the user,

midway between the nose and mouth. Do this by installing a permanent

sampling probe onto a surrogate face piece, or by using a sampling adapter

designed to temporarily provide a way to sample air from inside the face

piece.

modifications done for fit testing, and restore the face piece to NIOSH-

approved configuration.

(7) Use of respirators.

(a) Face piece seal protection.

(A) You must not permit workers to wear tight-fitting face pieces if they have:

(i) Facial hair that comes between the face-to-face piece sealing surface

or that interferes with the respirator’s valve function; or

(ii) Any other condition that interferes with the face-to-face piece seal or

valve function.

(B) If an employee wears glasses or goggles or other personal protective

equipment, the employer must ensure that it does not interfere with the seal

of the face piece to the face of the user.

seal check before every use, using the procedures in Appendix B-1 or, if

equally effective, the recommendations of the respirator manufacturer.

(b) Continuing respirator effectiveness.

(A) You must reevaluate the effectiveness of a respirator when there is a change

in work area conditions or degree of employee exposure or stress that may

affect respirator effectiveness.

(B) You must ensure that employees leave the area where respirators are

required:

(i) To wash their faces and respirator face pieces as necessary to prevent

eye or skin irritation associated with respirator use; or

(ii) If they detect vapor or gas breakthrough, changes in breathing

resistance, or leakage of the face piece; or

(iii) To replace the respirator or the filter, cartridge, or canister elements.

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AO 2-2023

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437-004-1041 (7)(d)(C)

resistance, or leakage of the face piece, the employer or a competent person

must replace or repair the respirator before allowing the employee to return

to the work area.

ensure that:

(A) One employee or, when needed, more than one employee is stationed

outside the IDLH atmosphere;

(B) Visual, voice, or line communication is continuous between the employee(s)

in the IDLH atmosphere and the employee(s) outside the IDLH atmosphere;

equipment to provide effective emergency rescue;

(D) The employer or designee is notified before the employee(s) outside the

IDLH atmosphere enter the IDLH atmosphere to provide emergency rescue;

(E) The employer or designee authorized to do so by the employer, once

notified, provides necessary assistance appropriate to the situation;

(F) Employee(s) outside the IDLH atmospheres have:

(i) Pressure demand or other positive pressure SCBAs, or a pressure

demand or other positive pressure supplied-air respirator with auxiliary

SCBA; and either

(ii) Appropriate retrieval equipment for removing the employee(s) who

enter(s) these hazardous atmospheres where retrieval equipment

would contribute to the rescue of the employee(s) and would not

increase the overall risk resulting from entry; or

(iii) Equivalent means for rescue when there is no requirement for retrieval

equipment under paragraph (7)(c)(F)(ii).

(d) Procedures for interior structural firefighting. If you require your workers to fight

interior structural fires, paragraph (7)(c) applies. You must also do the following:

(A) At least two employees enter the IDLH atmosphere and remain in visual or

voice contact with one another at all times; and

(B) At least two employees are located outside the IDLH atmosphere; and

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Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (7)(d)(C)

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437-004-1041 (8)(c)(A)(ii)

Note 1 to paragraph (7)(d): One of the two individuals located outside the IDLH atmosphere may

be assigned to an additional role, such as incident commander in charge of the emergency or

safety officer, so long as this individual is able to perform assistance or rescue activities with-

out jeopardizing the safety of health of any firefighter working at the incident.

Note 2 to paragraph (7)(d): Nothing in this section is meant to preclude firefighters from performing

emergency rescue activities before an entire team has assembled.

(8) Maintenance and care of respirators.

(a) Cleaning and disinfecting. You must provide each respirator user with a respirator

that is clean, sanitary, and in good working order. You also must ensure that

respirators are cleaned and disinfected using the procedures in Appendix B-2, or

equally effective procedures recommended by the respirator manufacturer, at the

following intervals:

(A) Clean and disinfect respirators used exclusively by one worker as often as

necessary to keep them sanitary;

(B) Clean and disinfect respirators after each use, or before being worn by

different individuals, if used by more than one worker;

(D) Clean and disinfect fit test and training respirators after each use.

(b) Storage. Ensure that respirators are stored as follows:

(A) Store all respirators to protect them from damage, contamination, dust,

sunlight, extreme temperatures, excessive moisture, damaging chemicals,

and to prevent deformation of the face piece and exhalation valve.

(B) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (8)(b)(A), keep emergency

respirators:

(i) Accessible to the work area;

(ii) In compartments or in covers clearly marked as containing emergency

respirators; and

(iii) In accordance with any applicable manufacturer instructions.

(A) The employer must require respirator inspections as follows:

(i) Inspect all routine use respirators before each use and during cleaning;

(ii) Inspect emergency use respirators at least monthly and according to

the manufacturer’s recommendations. Check for proper function before

and after each use; and

Protective Equipment

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AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1041 (8)(c)(A)(iii)

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437-004-1041 (9)(a)

(iii) Inspect escape respirators before taking them into the workplace for

use.

(B) The employer must ensure that respirator inspections include the following:

(i) A check of respirator function, tightness of connections, and the

condition of the various parts including, but not limited to, the face

piece, head straps, valves, connecting tube, and cartridges, canisters or

filters; and

(ii) A check of elastomeric parts for pliability and signs of deterioration.

contained breathing apparatus monthly. Keep air and oxygen fully charged

and recharge them when the pressure falls to 90 percent of the

manufacturer’s recommended pressure level. Be certain the regulator and

warning devices work properly.

(D) For emergency use respirators, the employer must:

(i) Certify the respirator by documenting the date of inspection, the name

(or signature) of the inspector, the findings, required remedial action,

and a serial number or other means of identifying the respirator; and

(ii) Provide this information on a tag or label attached to the respirator

storage compartment, or keep it with the respirator, or include it in

paper or electronic inspection reports. Keep this information until the

next report replaces it.

(d) Repairs. Do not use respirators that fail an inspection or are otherwise defective.

Either discard them or repair them according to these procedures:

(A) Only people with appropriate training may repair or adjust respirators. They

must use only the manufacturer’s NIOSH-approved parts designed for the

particular respirator;

(B) Repairs must conform to the manufacturer’s recommendations for the type of

repair to be performed;

or adjust the reducing and admission valves, regulators and alarms.

(9) Breathing air quality and use.

(a) The employer must ensure or have their supplier certify that compressed air,

compressed oxygen, liquid air, and liquid oxygen used for respiration meets the

following specifications:

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Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (9)(a)(A)

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437-004-1041 (9)(e)(C)

(A) Compressed and liquid oxygen must meet the United States Pharmacopoeia

requirements for medical or breathing oxygen; and

(B) Compressed breathing air must meet at least the requirements for Grade D

breathing air described in ANSI/Compressed Gas Association Commodity

Specification for Air, G-7.1-1989, to include:

(i) Oxygen content (v/v) between 19.5 and 23.5 percent;

(ii) Hydrocarbon (condensed) content of no more than 5 milligrams per

cubic meter of air;

(iii) Carbon monoxide (CO) content of no more than 10 ppm;

(iv) Carbon dioxide content of no more than 1,000 ppm; and

(v) No noticeable odor.

Note: Do not fill your own air vessels unless they and the contents meet all the requirements of this

standard.

(b) Do not use compressed oxygen in atmosphere-supplied respirators that previously

held compressed air.

used only in equipment designed for oxygen service or distribution.

(d) The employer must ensure that cylinders to supply breathing air to respirators

meet the following requirements:

(A) Cylinders are tested and maintained as prescribed in the Shipping Container

Specification Regulations of the Department of Transportation (49 CFR part

180);

(B) Cylinders of purchased breathing air have a certificate of analysis from the

supplier that the breathing air meets the requirements for Grade D breathing

air; and

degrees F. (-45.6 degrees C.) at 1 atmosphere pressure.

(e) The employer must ensure that compressors supplying breathing air to respirators

are constructed and situated to:

(A) Prevent entry of contaminated air into the air-supply system;

(B) Minimize moisture content so that the dew point at 1 atmosphere pressure is

10 degrees F. (5.56 degrees C.) below the ambient temperature;

breathing air quality. Maintain and replace sorbent beds and filters according

to the manufacturer’s instructions.

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AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1041 (9)(e)(D)

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437-004-1041 (11)(c)

(D) Have a tag at the compressor showing the most recent change date and the

signature of the authorized person who did the change.

(f) For compressors that are not oil-lubricated, ensure that carbon monoxide levels in

the breathing air do not exceed 10 ppm.

(g) For oil-lubricated compressors, use only a high-temperature or carbon monoxide

alarm, or both, to monitor carbon monoxide levels. If you use only high-

temperature alarms, monitor the air supply often enough to prevent carbon

monoxide in the breathing air from exceeding 10 ppm.

(h) The employer must ensure that breathing air couplings are incompatible with

outlets for nonrespirable worksite air or other gas systems. Do not allow any

asphyxiating substance to get into breathing airlines.

(i) Use only the respirator manufacturer’s NIOSH approved breathing gas containers

marked and maintained in accordance with the Quality Assurance provisions of

the NIOSH approval for the SCBA, as issued in accordance with the NIOSH

respirator certification standard at 42 CFR part 84.

(10) Identification of filters, cartridges, and canisters. The employer must ensure that all

filters, cartridges and canisters have labels and color codes that comply with the NIOSH

standards and that the label remains in place and legible.

(11) Training and information.

(a) The employer must ensure that each employee can demonstrate knowledge of at

least the following:

(A) Why the respirator is necessary and how improper fit, use, or maintenance

can compromise the protective effect of the respirator;

(B) What the limitations and capabilities of the respirator are;

situations in which the respirator malfunctions;

(D) How to inspect, put on and remove, use, and check the seals of the

respirator;

(E) What the procedures are for maintenance and storage of the respirator;

(F) How to recognize medical signs and symptoms that may limit or prevent the

effective use of respirators; and

(G) The general requirements of this rule.

(b) Training must be in a language or form that workers understand.

Protective Equipment

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AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1041 (11)(d)

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437-004-1041 (13)(b)(A)

(d) Retrain respirator users annually and when these situations happen:

(A) Changes in the work or the type of respirator make previous training

obsolete;

(B) Inadequacies in the employee’s knowledge or use of the respirator indicate

that they no longer have the basic understanding or skill; or

safe respirator use.

(e) An employer who can demonstrate that a new employee has training within the

last 12 months that addresses the elements in paragraph (11)(a)(A) through (G)

does not have to repeat that training if, the employee can demonstrate knowledge

of those element(s). Previous training not repeated initially by the employer must

be provided no later than 12 months from the date of the previous training.

(f) Provide every voluntary respirator user with the basic advisory information in

Appendix D. Any written or oral format that the employee understands is

acceptable.

(12) Program evaluation.

(a) Evaluate the workplace as necessary to ensure effective implementation of the

current written program.

(b) Regularly consult your respirator users to get their views on your program’s

effectiveness and to identify problems. Correct the problems identified. Things to

assess include at least:

(A) Respirator fit (including the ability to use the respirator without interfering with

effective workplace performance);

(B) Users have and use the correct respirator and components for their exposure

hazards;

(D) Proper respirator maintenance.

(13) Recordkeeping.

(a) Medical evaluation. Retain and make available all medical evaluations required by

this standard according to Division 2/Z, 1910.1020. (Division 4/A, 437-004-0005,

Medical Records Access, stipulates that Division 2/Z, 1910.1020 applies to

agricultural employers.)

(b) Fit testing.

(A) You must keep a record of qualitative and quantitative fit tests for each user

including:

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(i) The name or identification of the employee;

(ii) Type of fit test;

(iii) Specific make, model, style, and size of respirator tested;

(iv) Date of test; and

(v) The pass/fail results for QLFTs or the fit factor and strip chart recording

or other recording of the test results for QNFTs.

(B) Keep fit test records until records of a new test replace them.

(d) On request, you must make written records required by this standard, available to

the Oregon OSHA Administrator or their designee for examination or copying.

(14) Appendices. Compliance with Appendix A, Appendix B-1, Appendix B-2, Appendix C,

and Appendix D of this rule is mandatory.

(15) Effective Date. OAR 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection, is effective March 1, 2007.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 10-2006, filed 11/30/06, effective 11/30/06.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2007, filed 8/13/07, effective 8/13/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Appendix A to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection – Fit Testing Procedures

(Mandatory)

Part I. Acceptable Fit Test Procedures

A. Fit Testing Procedures – General Requirements. These fit test procedures are

mandatory and apply to both Qualitative Fit Tests (QLFT) and Quantitative Fit Tests

(QNFT).

(1) Provide enough respirators so the employee can choose an acceptable model that

fits correctly. Be sure they understand that they must select a respirator that gives

the best fit.

(2) Before the employee selects their respirator you must show them how to put on a

respirator, how to position it on their face, how to set the strap tension and how to

make sure the fit is acceptable. There must be a mirror for them to use when

evaluating the position and fit. This instruction does not replace the required formal

training.

(3) They must hold each face piece they choose up to their face to find the one with

the best fit.

(4) Once they choose a mask, have them wear it for at least 5 minutes to evaluate the

comfort level. Discuss the points in the following paragraph to assure the worker

makes a good evaluation. If they are not familiar with using a particular respirator,

have them put it on and take it off several times to assure they make the needed

adjustments for a good fit.

(5) Assessment of comfort must include a review of the following points with the test

subject and allowing the test subject enough time to determine the comfort of the

respirator:

(a) Position of the mask on the nose

(b) Room for eye protection

(d) Position of mask on face and cheeks

(6) Use the following criteria to help determine the adequacy of the respirator fit:

(a) Chin properly placed;

(b) Adequate strap tension, not too tight;

(d) Respirator of proper size to span distance from nose to chin;

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(e) Tendency of respirator to slip;

(f) Self-observation in mirror to evaluate fit and respirator position.

(7) Have the employee do a user seal check according to Appendix B-1. Before they

do the check have them seat the mask by moving their head from side to side and

up and down slowly while taking a few deep breaths. If the test fails, have them

select another mask.

(8) Do not do the test if the employee has any hair (including beard stubble) between

the skin and sealing surface. They must alter or remove any clothing or items that

interfere with the fit.

(9) If the testing employee shows signs of difficult breathing during the test, send them

to a PLHCP to evaluate their ability to use a respirator.

(10) If the employee finds the fit unacceptable, you must allow them to select another

respirator and retest.

(11) Exercises. Before beginning the fit test, give the worker a description of the test

and advise them of their responsibilities during the test. The description must

include the exercises. They must wear the respirator for 5 minutes before the start

of the test.

(12) During the test the employee must wear any other safety equipment normally

required for their work, if it could interfere with the respirator fit.

(13) Test Exercises.

(a) Employers must perform the following test exercises for all fit testing

methods prescribed in this appendix, except for the two modified ambient

aerosol CNC quantitative fit testing protocols, the CNP quantitative fit testing

protocol, and the CNP REDON quantitative fit testing protocol. For the

modified ambient aerosol CNC quantitative fit testing protocols, employers

shall ensure that the test subjects (i.e., employees) perform the exercise

procedure specified in Part I.C.4(b) of this appendix for full-facepiece and

half-mask elastomeric respirators, or the exercise procedure specified in Part

I.C.5(b) for filtering facepiece respirators. Employers must ensure that the

test subjects (i.e., employees) perform the exercise procedure described in

Part I.C.6(b) of this appendix for the CNP quantitative fit testing protocol, or

the exercise procedure described in Part I.C.7(b) of this appendix for the

CNP REDON quantitative fit-testing protocol. For the remaining fit testing

methods, employers shall ensure that the test exercises are performed in the

appropriate test environment in the following manner:

(1) Normal breathing. In a normal standing position, without talking, the

subject must breathe normally.

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(2) Deep breathing. In a normal standing position, the subject must breathe

slowly and deeply, taking caution so as not to hyperventilate.

(3) Turning head side to side. Standing in place, the subject must slowly

turn their head from side to side between the extreme positions on each

side. The head must be held at each extreme momentarily so the

subject can inhale at each side.

(4) Moving head up and down. Standing in place, the subject must slowly

move their head up and down. Instruct the subject to inhale in the up

position (i.e., when looking toward the ceiling).

(5) Talking. The subject must talk out loud slowly and loud enough to be

heard clearly by the test conductor. The subject can read from a

prepared text such as the Rainbow Passage, count backward from 100,

or recite a memorized poem or song.

Rainbow Passage

When the sunlight strikes raindrops in the air, they act like a prism

and form a rainbow. The rainbow is a division of white light into

many beautiful colors. These take the shape of a long round arch,

with its path high above, and its two ends apparently beyond the

horizon. There is, according to legend, a boiling pot of gold at one

end. People look, but no one ever finds it. When a man looks for

something beyond reach, his friends say he is looking for the pot

of gold at the end of the rainbow.

(6) Grimace. The test subject must grimace by smiling or frowning. (This

applies only to QNFT testing; it is not for QLFT.)

(7) Bending over. The test subject must bend at the waist as if they were to

touch their toes. Substitute jogging in place for this exercise in those

test environments such as shroud type QNFT or QLFT units that do not

permit bending over at the waist.

(8) Normal breathing. Same as exercise (1).

(b) Do each test exercise for 1-minute except for the grimace exercise which is

only for 15 seconds. Ask the test subject about the comfort of the respirator

upon completion of the procedure. If there are problems, try another

respirator. Do not adjust the respirator after the fit test exercises begin. Any

adjustment voids the test.

B. Qualitative Fit Test (QLFT) Procedures

(1) General

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(a) The employer must ensure that persons administering QLFT are able to

prepare test solutions, calibrate equipment and perform tests properly,

recognize invalid tests, and ensure that test equipment works properly.

(b) The employer must ensure that QLFT equipment is clean and well

maintained so as to operate within its design parameters.

(2) Isoamyl Acetate Procedures

Note: This procedure is not appropriate to use for the fit testing of particulate respirators unless the

particulate cartridges can be replaced with organic vapor cartridges for the duration of the test.

(a) Odor Threshold Screening. Odor threshold screening, done without wearing

a respirator, is to determine if the individual tested can detect the odor of

isoamyl acetate at low levels.

(1) You’ll need three 1 liter glass jars with metal lids.

(2) Use odor-free water (e.g., distilled or spring water) at approximately 25

degrees C. (77 degrees F.) for the solutions.

(3) Make the isoamyl acetate (IAA) (also known at isopentyl acetate) stock

solution by adding 1 ml of pure IAA to 800 ml of odor-free water in a 1-

liter jar, closing the lid and shaking for 30 seconds. Make a new solution

at least weekly.

(4) Do the screening test in a room separate from the room used for actual

fit testing. Ventilate the two rooms to prevent the odor of IAA from

becoming evident in the general room air where testing takes place.

(5) Make the odor test solution in a second jar by placing 0.4 ml of the

stock solution into 500 ml of odor-free water using a clean dropper or

pipette. Shake the solution for 30 seconds and allow it to stand for 2 to

3 minutes so that the IAA concentration above the liquid may reach

equilibrium. Use this solution for only 1-day.

(6) Make a test blank in a third jar by adding 500 cc of odor-free water.

(7) Label the odor test and test blank jar lids (e.g., 1 and 2) for jar

identification. Place the labels on the lids so that they can be peeled off

periodically and switched to maintain the integrity of the test.

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(8) Type the following instruction on a card and place it on the table in front

of the two test jars (i.e., 1 and 2): “The purpose of this test is to

determine if you can smell banana oil at a low concentration. The two

bottles in front of you contain water. One of these bottles also has a

small amount of banana oil. Be sure the covers are on tight, then shake

each bottle for two seconds. Unscrew the lid of each bottle, one at a

time, and sniff at the mouth of the bottle. Indicate to the test conductor

which bottle contains banana oil.”

(9) Make the mixtures for the IAA odor detection test in an area separate

from where you do the test, in order to prevent olfactory fatigue in the

subject.

(10) If the test subject cannot correctly identify the jar containing the odor

test solution, do not do the IAA qualitative fit test.

(11) If the test subject correctly identifies the jar containing the odor test

solution, the test subject may proceed to respirator selection and fit

testing.

(b) Isoamyl Acetate Fit Test

(1) The fit test chamber must be a clear 55-gallon drum liner suspended

inverted over a 2-foot diameter frame so that the top of the chamber is

about 6 inches above the test subject’s head. If no drum liner is

available, make a similar chamber using plastic sheeting. The inside top

center of the chamber must have a small hook attached.

(2) Each respirator for the fitting and fit testing must have organic vapor

cartridges or offer protection against organic vapors.

(3) After selecting, donning, and properly adjusting a respirator, the test

subject must wear it to the fit testing room. This room must be separate

from the room used for odor threshold screening and respirator

selection, and must be well-ventilated, as by an exhaust fan or lab

hood, to prevent general room contamination.

(4) Tape a copy of the test exercises and any prepared text from which the

subject is to read to the inside of the test chamber.

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(5) Give the test subject a 6-inch by 5 inch piece of paper towel, or other

porous, absorbent, single-ply material, folded in half and wetted with

0.75 ml of pure IAA when they enter the test chamber. Have the test

subject hang the wet towel on the hook at the top of the chamber. You

may substitute an IAA test swab or ampule for the IAA wetted paper

towel if the alternative IAA source will generate an IAA test atmosphere

with a concentration equivalent to that generated by the paper towel

method.

(6) Allow 2 minutes for the IAA test concentration to stabilize before

starting the fit test exercises. This would be an appropriate time to talk

with the test subject; to explain the fit test, the importance of their

cooperation, and the purpose for the test exercises; or to demonstrate

some of the exercises.

(7) If at any time during the test, the subject detects the banana-like odor of

IAA, the test is a failure. The subject must quickly exit from the test

chamber and leave the test area to avoid olfactory fatigue.

(8) If the test fails, the subject must return to the selection room and

remove the respirator. The test subject must repeat the odor sensitivity

test, select and put on another respirator, return to the test area and

again begin the fit test procedure in (b)(1) through (7) above. The

process continues until they find a respirator that fits right. Should the

odor sensitivity test fail, the subject must wait at least a few minutes

before re-testing. Odor sensitivity will usually return by this time.

(9) If the subject passes the test, demonstrate the efficiency of the test

procedure by having the subject break the respirator face seal and take

a breath before exiting the chamber.

(10) When the test subject leaves the chamber, they must remove the

saturated towel and return it to the person conducting the test, so that

there is no significant IAA concentration build-up in the chamber during

subsequent tests. Keep the used towels in a self-sealing plastic bag to

prevent contamination of the test area.

(3) Saccharin Solution Aerosol Procedure

You must explain the entire screening and testing procedure to the test subject

before starting the screening test.

(a) Taste threshold screening. The saccharin taste threshold screening, done

without wearing a respirator, is to determine if the individual being tested can

detect the taste of saccharin.

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(1) During threshold screening as well as during fit testing, subjects must

wear an enclosure about the head and shoulders that is approximately

12 inches in diameter by 14 inches tall with at least the front portion

clear and that allows free movements of the head when wearing a

respirator. An enclosure substantially similar to the 3M hood assembly,

parts # FT 14 and # FT 15 combined, is adequate.

(2) The test enclosure must have a 3/4-inch (1.9 cm) hole in front of the

test subject’s nose and mouth area to accommodate the nebulizer

nozzle.

(3) Have the test subject put on the test enclosure. Throughout the

threshold screening test, the test subject must breathe through their

slightly open mouth with tongue extended. Tell the subject to report

when they detect a sweet taste.

(4) Using a DeVilbiss Model 40 Inhalation Medication Nebulizer or

equivalent, the test conductor must spray the threshold check solution

into the enclosure. Direct the nozzle away from the nose and mouth of

the person. Clearly mark this nebulizer to distinguish it from the fit test

solution nebulizer.

(5) Make the threshold check solution by dissolving 0.83 gram of sodium

saccharin USP in 100 ml of warm water. You can also put 1 ml of the fit

test solution (see (b)(5) below) in 100 ml of distilled water.

(6) To produce the aerosol, firmly squeeze the nebulizer bulb so that it

collapses completely, then release and allow to fully expand.

(7) Repeat ten squeezes rapidly and then ask the test subject if they can

taste the saccharin. The test is over when the test subject reports

tasting the sweet taste during the ten squeezes. Note the taste

threshold as ten regardless of the number of squeezes actually done.

(8) If the first response is negative, do ten more squeezes rapidly and ask

the test subject if they taste the saccharin. If the test subject reports

tasting the sweet taste during the second ten squeezes, the screening

test is over. The taste threshold is twenty regardless of the number of

squeezes actually done.

(9) If the second response is negative, do ten more squeezes rapidly and

ask the test subject again if they taste the saccharin. If the test subject

reports tasting the sweet taste during the third set of ten squeezes, the

screening test is over. The taste threshold is thirty regardless of the

number of squeezes actually done.

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(10) The test conductor will take note of the number of squeezes required to

solicit a taste response.

(11) If the test subject cannot taste saccharin after 30 squeezes they may

not perform the saccharin fit test.

Note to paragraph 3.(a): If the test subject eats or drinks something sweet before the

screening test, they may be unable to taste the weak saccharin solution.

(12) If the test subject gives a taste response, ask them to take note of the

taste for reference in the fit test.

(13) Correct use of the nebulizer uses approximately 1 ml of liquid at a time

in the nebulizer body.

(14) Thoroughly rinse the nebulizer in water, shake it dry, and refill it at least

each morning and afternoon or at least every 4 hours.

(b) Saccharin solution aerosol fit test procedure.

(1) The test subject may not eat, drink (except plain water), smoke, or

chew gum for 15 minutes before the test.

(2) The fit test uses the same enclosure as in 3.(a) above.

(3) The test subject must put on the enclosure while wearing the respirator

selected in section I.A.. They must properly adjust the respirator and it

must have a particulate filter(s).

(4) Use a second DeVilbiss Model 40 Inhalation Medication Nebulizer or

equivalent to spray the fit test solution into the enclosure. Clearly mark

this nebulizer to distinguish it from the screening test solution nebulizer.

(5) Make the fit test solution by adding 83 grams of sodium saccharin to

100 ml of warm water.

(6) As before, the test subject must breathe through the slightly open

mouth with tongue extended, and report if they taste the sweet taste of

saccharin.

(7) Insert the nebulizer into the hole in the front of the enclosure and spray

an initial concentration of saccharin fit test solution into the enclosure

using the same number of squeezes (either 10, 20 or 30 squeezes)

based on the number of squeezes required to elicit a taste response as

noted during the screening test. The minimum is 10 squeezes.

(8) After generating the aerosol, tell the test subject to perform the

exercises in section I.A.13.

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(9) Replenish the aerosol concentration every 30 using one half the original

number of squeezes used initially (e.g., 5, 10 or 15).

(10) The test subject must indicate to the test conductor if at any time during

the fit test they taste saccharin. If the test subject does not report

tasting the saccharin, the test is successful.

(11) If they taste the saccharin, the fit is unsatisfactory and a failure. Try a

different respirator and repeat the entire test procedure (taste threshold

screening and fit testing).

(12) Since the nebulizer has a tendency to clog during use, the test operator

must make periodic checks of the nebulizer to ensure that it is not

clogged. If clogging is found at the end of the test session, the test is

invalid.

(4) Bitrex™ (Denatonium Benzoate) Solution Aerosol Qualitative Fit Test Procedure

The Bitrex™ (Denatonium benzoate) solution aerosol QLFT procedure uses the

published saccharin test procedure because that procedure is widely accepted.

Bitrex is a taste aversion agent used in household liquids that children should not

drink and is endorsed by the American Medical Association, the National Safety

Council, and the American Association of Poison Control Centers. Explain the

entire screening and testing procedure to the test subject before the screening

test.

(a) Taste Threshold Screening.

The Bitrex taste threshold screening, done without wearing a respirator, is to

determine if the person being tested can detect the taste of Bitrex.

(1) During threshold screening as well as during fit testing, subjects must

wear an enclosure about the head and shoulders that is approximately

12 inches (30.5 cm) in diameter by 14 inches (35.6 cm) tall. The front

portion of the enclosure must be clear from the respirator and allow free

movement of the head when a respirator is worn. An enclosure

substantially similar to the 3M hood assembly, parts # FT 14 and # FT

15 combined, is adequate.

(2) The test enclosure must have a 3/4-inch (1.9 cm) hole in front of the

test subject’s nose and mouth area to accommodate the nebulizer

nozzle.

(3) The test subject must put on the test enclosure. Throughout the

threshold screening test, the test subject must breathe through his or

her slightly open mouth with tongue extended. Tell the subject to report

when they detect a bitter taste.

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(4) Using a DeVilbiss Model 40 Inhalation Medication Nebulizer or

equivalent, the spray the Threshold Check Solution into the enclosure.

Clearly mark this Nebulizer to distinguish it from the fit test solution

nebulizer.

(5) Make the Threshold Check Solution by adding 13.5 milligrams of Bitrex

to 100 ml of 5 percent salt (NaCl) solution in distilled water.

(6) To produce the aerosol, firmly squeeze the nebulizer bulb so that the

bulb collapses completely, and then release it and allow it to fully

expand.

(7) Repeat the initial ten squeezes rapidly and then ask the test subject if

they taste the Bitrex. If the test subject tastes the bitter taste during the

ten squeezes, the screening test is over. The taste threshold is ten

regardless of the number of squeezes actually done.

(8) If the first response is negative, repeat ten more squeezes rapidly and

ask the test subject if they taste the Bitrex. If the test subject tastes the

bitter taste during the second ten squeezes, the screening test is over.

The taste threshold is twenty regardless of the number of squeezes

actually done.

(9) If the second response is negative, do ten more squeezes rapidly and

ask the test subject if they taste the Bitrex. If the test subject tastes the

bitter taste during the third set of ten squeezes, the screening test is

over. The taste threshold is as thirty regardless of the number of

squeezes actually done.

(10) The test conductor will take note of the number of squeezes required to

solicit a taste response.

(11) If the subject does not taste the Bitrex after 30 squeezes (step 10), the

test subject cannot taste Bitrex and may not do the Bitrex fit test.

(12) If they taste the Bitrex, ask the test subject to remember the taste for

reference in the fit test.

(13) Correct use of the nebulizer is approximately 1 ml of liquid at a time in

the nebulizer body.

(14) Thoroughly rinse the nebulizer in water, shake to dry, and refill at least

each morning and afternoon or at least every 4 hours.

(b) Bitrex Solution Aerosol Fit Test Procedure.

(1) The test subject may not eat, drink (except plain water), smoke, or

chew gum for 15 minutes before the test.

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(2) The fit test uses the same enclosure as in 4.(a) above.

(3) The test subject must put on the enclosure while wearing the respirator

selected according to section I.A. They must properly adjust the

respirator and it must have any type particulate filter(s).

(4) Use a second DeVilbiss Model 40 Inhalation Medication Nebulizer or

equivalent to spray the fit test solution into the enclosure. Clearly mark

this nebulizer to distinguish it from the screening test solution nebulizer.

(5) Make the fit test solution by adding 337.5 mg of Bitrex to 200 ml of a 5

percent salt (NaCl) solution in warm water.

(6) As before, the test subject must breathe through his or her slightly open

mouth with tongue extended, and report if they taste the bitter taste of

Bitrex.

(7) Insert the nebulizer into the hole in the front of the enclosure and spray

an initial concentration of the fit test solution into the enclosure using

the same number of squeezes (either 10, 20 or 30 squeezes) based on

the number of squeezes required to elicit a taste response as noted

during the screening test.

(8) After generating the aerosol, tell the test subject to do the exercises in

section I.A.13.

(9) Replenish the aerosol concentration every 30 seconds using one half

the number of squeezes used initially (e.g., 5, 10 or 15).

(10) The test subject must indicate to the test conductor if they taste the

Bitrex during the test. If the test subject does not taste the Bitrex, the

test passes.

(11) If they taste the Bitrex, the fit is unsatisfactory and the test fails. They

must try a different respirator and repeat the entire test procedure (taste

threshold screening and fit testing).

(5) Irritant Smoke (Stannic Chloride) Procedure

This qualitative fit test uses a person’s response to the irritating chemicals

released in the “smoke” produced by a stannic chloride ventilation smoke tube to

detect leakage into the respirator.

(a) General Requirements and Precautions

(1) The test respirator must have high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) or

P100 series filter(s).

(2) Use only stannic chloride smoke tubes for this procedure.

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(3) Do not use any form of test enclosure or hood for the test subject.

(4) The smoke can be irritating to the eyes, lungs, and nasal passages.

The test conductor must take precautions to minimize the test subject’s

exposure to irritant smoke. Sensitivity varies, and certain individuals

may respond to a greater degree to irritant smoke. Use only the

smallest amount of smoke necessary to get a response when doing the

sensitivity screening checks that determine if the test subject can detect

irritant.

(5) Do the fit test in an area with adequate ventilation to prevent exposure

of the person doing the fit test or the build-up of irritant smoke in the

general area.

(b) Sensitivity Screening Check. The person taking the test must demonstrate

their ability to detect a weak concentration of the irritant smoke.

(1) The test operator must break both ends of a ventilation smoke tube

containing stannic chloride, and attach one end of the smoke tube to a

low flow air pump set to deliver 200 milliliters per minute, or an aspirator

squeeze bulb. The test operator must cover the other end of the smoke

tube with a short piece of tubing to prevent potential injury from the

jagged end of the smoke tube.

(2) The test operator must advise the test subject that the smoke can be

irritating to the eyes, lungs, and nasal passages and instruct the subject

to keep their eyes closed during the test.

(3) Allow the test subject to smell a weak concentration of the irritant

smoke before putting the respirator on to become familiar with its

irritating properties and to determine if they can detect the irritating

properties of the smoke. Carefully direct a small amount of the irritant

smoke in the test subject’s direction to determine that they can detect it.

(1) The person fit tested must put on the respirator without assistance, and

do the required user seal check(s).

(2) Tell the test subject to keep their eyes closed.

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(3) The test operator must direct the stream of irritant smoke from the

smoke tube toward the face seal area of the test subject, using the low

flow pump or the squeeze bulb. The test operator must begin at least

12 inches from the face piece and move the smoke stream around the

whole perimeter of the mask. The operator must gradually make two

more passes around the perimeter of the mask, moving to within 6

inches of the respirator.

(4) If the test subject has no involuntary response and/or does not detect

the irritant smoke, proceed with the test exercises.

(5) The test subject must do the exercises in section I.A.13. while the

respirator seal is continually challenged by the smoke, directed around

the perimeter of the respirator at a distance of 6 inches.

(6) If the person detects the irritant smoke, the test fails. The person re-

testing must repeat the entire sensitivity check and fit test procedure.

(7) Give a second sensitivity screening check to each test subject passing

the irritant smoke test without evidence of a response (involuntary

cough, irritation), with the smoke from the same smoke tube used

during the fit test, with the respirator off, to determine if they still reacts

to the smoke. Failure to evoke a response voids the fit test.

(8) If there is a response during this second sensitivity check, then the fit

test passes.

C. Quantitative Fit Test (QNFT) Procedures. The following quantitative fit testing

procedures are acceptable: Quantitative fit testing using a non-hazardous test aerosol

(such as corn oil, polyethylene glycol 400 [PEG 400], di-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate [DEHS],

or sodium chloride) generated in a test chamber, and using instrumentation to quantify

the fit of the respirator; Quantitative fit testing using ambient aerosol as the test agent

and appropriate instrumentation (condensation nuclei counter) to quantify the respirator

fit; Quantitative fit testing using controlled negative pressure and appropriate

instrumentation to measure the volumetric leak rate of a face piece to quantify the

respirator fit.

(1) General

(a) The employer must ensure that persons administering QNFT are able to

calibrate equipment and perform tests properly, recognize invalid tests,

calculate fit factors properly and ensure that test equipment is in proper

working order.

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(b) The employer must ensure that QNFT equipment is clean, and maintained

and calibrated according to the manufacturer’s instructions so as to operate

at its design parameters.

(2) Generated Aerosol Quantitative Fit Testing Procedure

(a) Apparatus.

(1) Instrumentation. Use aerosol generation, dilution, and measurement

systems using particulates (corn oil, polyethylene glycol 400 [PEG 400],

di 2-ethyl hexyl sebacate [DEHS] or sodium chloride) as test aerosols.

(2) Test chamber. The test chamber must be large enough to permit all test

subjects to perform freely all required exercises without disturbing the

test agent concentration or the measurement apparatus. The test

chamber must effectively isolate the test agent from the outside air, yet

allow its concentration to be uniform throughout the chamber.

(3) When testing air-purifying respirators, replace the normal filter or

cartridge element with a high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) or P100

series filter supplied by the same manufacturer.

(4) The sampling instrument must make a computer record or strip chart

record of the test showing the rise and fall of the test agent

concentration with each inhale and exhale at fit factors of at least 2,000.

Integrators or computers that integrate the amount of test agent

penetration leakage into the respirator for each exercise are Ok if they

make a record of the readings.

(5) The combination of substitute air-purifying elements, test agent and test

agent concentration must not expose the test subject in excess of an

established exposure limit for the test agent at any time during the

testing process.

(6) The sampling port on the test specimen must not allow leaks around

the port (e.g., where the respirator is probed). It must always allow a

free airflow into the sampling line, and there must be no interference

with the fit or performance of the respirator. The in-mask sampling

device (probe) must draw the air sample from the breathing zone of the

test subject, midway between the nose and mouth and with the probe

extending into the face piece cavity at least 1/4-inch.

(7) The test setup must permit the person administering the test to observe

the test subject inside the chamber during the test.

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(8) The equipment generating the test atmosphere must keep the

concentration of test agent constant to within a 10 percent variation for

the duration of the test.

(9) The time lag (interval between an event and the recording of the event

on the strip chart or computer or integrator) must be minimal. There

must be a clear association between the occurrence of an event and its

recording.

(10) The sampling line tubing for the test chamber atmosphere and for the

respirator sampling port must be of equal diameter and of the same

material. The length of the two lines must be equal.

(11) The exhaust flow from the test chamber must pass through an

appropriate filter (i.e., high efficiency particulate filter) before release.

(12) When using sodium chloride aerosol, the relative humidity inside the

test chamber must not exceed 50 percent.

(13) Take into account the limitations of instrument when determining the fit

factor.

(14) Test respirators must work right. Inspect them regularly for deficiencies

such as cracks or missing valves and gaskets.

(b) Procedural Requirements.

(1) When performing the initial user seal check using a positive or negative

pressure check, crimp the sampling line closed to avoid air pressure

leakage during either of these pressure checks.

(2) The use of an abbreviated screening QLFT test is optional. Such a test

may quickly identify poor fitting respirators that passed the positive

and/or negative pressure test and reduce the amount of QNFT time.

The use of the CNC QNFT instrument in the count mode is another

optional method to obtain a quick estimate of fit and eliminate poor

fitting respirators before going on to perform a full QNFT.

(3) You must measure a reasonably stable test agent concentration in the

test chamber prior to testing. For canopy or shower curtain types of test

units, you may determine the test agent’s stability after the test subject

enters the test environment.

(4) Immediately after the subject enters the test chamber, measure the test

agent concentration inside the respirator to ensure that the peak

penetration does not exceed 5 percent for a half mask or 1 percent for a

full-face piece respirator.

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(5) You must have a stable test agent concentration before starting the

test.

(6) Do not tighten the respirator restraining straps too much for testing. The

wearer must adjust the straps without assistance to give a reasonably

comfortable fit typical of normal use. Do not adjust the after the fit test

exercises begin.

(7) Stop the test when any single peak penetration exceeds 5 percent for

half masks and 1 percent for full-face piece respirators. The test subject

must refit and retest.

(8) Calculation of fit factors.

(i) Determine the fit factor for the quantitative fit test by taking the

ratio of the average chamber concentration to the concentration

measured inside the respirator for each test exercise except the

grimace exercise.

(ii) Calculate the average test chamber concentration as the

arithmetic average of the concentration measured before and after

each test (i.e., 7 exercises) or the arithmetic average of the

concentration measured before and after each exercise or the true

average measured continuously during the respirator sample.

(iii) Use one of these methods to figure the concentration of the

challenge agent inside the respirator:

(A) Average peak penetration method means the method of

determining test agent penetration into the respirator using a

strip chart recorder, integrator, or computer. The agent

penetration is the average of the peak heights on the graph

or by computer integration, for each exercise except the

grimace exercise. Integrators or computers that calculate the

actual test agent penetration into the respirator for each

exercise meet the requirements of the average peak

penetration method.

(B) Maximum peak penetration method means the method of

determining test agent penetration in the respirator as

determined by strip chart recordings of the test. The highest

peak penetration for a given exercise is representative of

average penetration into the respirator for that exercise.

peak for each exercise except the grimace exercise. This

includes computerized integration.

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(D) The calculation of the overall fit factor using individual

exercise fit factors involves first converting the exercise fit

factors to penetration values, determining the average, and

then converting that result back to a fit factor. This equation

represents the procedure:

  



 





 





 



 





 





 





 





 





Where ff

, ff

, etc. are the fit factors for exercises 1, 2, 3, etc.

(9) Do not allow the test subject to wear a half mask or quarter face piece

respirator unless they have a minimum fit factor of 100, or a full face

piece respirator unless they have a minimum fit factor of 500.

(10) Replace filters used for quantitative fit testing when they cause

increased breathing resistance, or when the test agent has altered the

integrity of the filter media.

(3) Quantitative fit testing (QNFT) procedure for the ambient aerosol condensation

nuclei counter (CNC).

Ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (CNC) quantitative fit testing

procedure.

The ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (CNC) quantitative fit testing

(PortaCount®) procedure quantitatively fit tests respirators with the use of a probe.

The probed respirator is only for use with quantitative fit tests. A probed respirator

has a special sampling device, installed on the respirator, that allows the probe to

sample the air from inside the mask. A probed respirator is required for each

make, style, model, and size that the employer uses and is available from the

respirator manufacturer or distributor. The primary CNC instrument manufacturer,

TSI Incorporated, also provides probe attachments (TSI mask sampling adapters)

that permit fit testing in an employee’s own respirator. A minimum fit factor pass

level of at least 100 is necessary for a half-mask respirator (elastomeric or filtering

facepiece), and a minimum fit factor pass level of at least 500 is required for a full-

facepiece elastomeric respirator. Explain the entire screening and testing

procedure to the test subject before doing the screening test.

(a) PortaCount® Fit Test Requirements.

(1) Check the respirator to make sure the sampling probe and line are

properly attached to the face piece and that the respirator has a

particulate filter capable of preventing significant penetration by the

ambient particles used for the fit test (e.g., NIOSH 42 CFR 84 series

100, series 99, or series 95 particulate filter) per manufacturer’s

instruction.

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(2) Instruct the test employee to put on the respirator for 5 minutes before

the fit test starts. This purges the ambient particles trapped inside the

respirator and permits the wearer to make certain the respirator is

comfortable. This person must have training on how to wear the

respirator properly.

(3) Check the following conditions for the adequacy of the respirator fit:

Chin properly placed; Adequate strap tension, not overly tightened; Fit

across nose bridge; Respirator of proper size to span distance from

nose to chin; Tendency of the respirator to slip; Self-observation in a

mirror to evaluate fit and respirator position.

(4) Have the person wearing the respirator do a user seal check. If it leaks,

determine the cause. If the leak is from a poorly fitting face piece, try

another size of the same model respirator, or another model of

respirator.

(5) Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for operating the PortaCount®

and proceed with the test.

(6) Instruct the test subject to perform the exercises in section I.A.13.

(7) After the test exercises, question the test subject about the comfort of

the respirator. If it has become unacceptable, try another model

respirator.

(b) PortaCount® Test Instrument.

(1) The PortaCount® will automatically stop and calculate the overall fit

factor for the entire set of exercises. The overall fit factor is what

counts. The Pass or Fail message will indicate whether or not the test

was successful. If the test was a Pass, the fit test is over.

(2) Since the pass or fail criterion of the PortaCount® is user

programmable, the test operator must ensure that the pass or fail

criterion meet the requirements for minimum respirator performance in

this Appendix.

(3) Keep a record of the test, assuming the fit test was successful. The

record must have the test subject’s name; overall fit factor; make,

model, style, and size of respirator; and date of the test.

(4) Modified ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (CNC)

quantitative fit testing protocol for full-facepiece and half-mask

elastomeric respirators.

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(a) When administering this protocol to test subjects, employers shall

comply with the requirements specified in Part I.C.3 of this

Appendix (ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (CNC)

quantitative fit testing protocol), except they shall use the test

exercises described below in paragraph (b) of this protocol

instead of the test exercises specified in section I.C.3(a)(6) of this

Appendix.

(b) Employers shall ensure that each test subject being fit tested

using this protocol follows the exercise and duration procedures,

including the order of administration, described in Table A-1 of this

Appendix.

Table A-1 - Modified Ambient Aerosol CNC Quantitative Fit Testing Protocol for Full Facepiece

and Half-Mask Elastomeric Respirators

Exercises

Exercise procedure

Measurement procedure

Bending Over

The test subject shall bend at the waist, as if going

to touch his/her toes for 50 seconds and inhale 2

times at the bottom

A 20 second ambient sample,

followed by a 30 second mask

sample.

Jogging-in-

Place

The test subject shall jog in place comfortably for 30

seconds

A 30 second mask sample.

Head Side-to-

Side

The test subject shall stand in place, slowly turning

his/her head from side to side for 30 seconds and

inhale 2 times at each extreme

A 30 second mask sample.

Head Up-and-

Down

The test subject shall stand in place, slowly moving

his/her head up and down for 39 seconds and inhale

2 times at each extreme

A 30 second mask sample

followed by a 9 second ambient

sample.

Exercises are listed in the order in which they are to be administered.

It is optional for test subjects to take additional breaths at other times during this exercise.

(5) Modified ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (CNC)

quantitative fit testing protocol for filtering facepiece respirators.

(a) When administering this protocol to test subjects, employers shall

comply with the requirements specified in Part I.C.3 of this

Appendix (ambient aerosol condensation nuclei counter (CNC)

quantitative fit testing protocol), except they shall use the test

exercises described below in paragraph (b) of this protocol

instead of the test exercises specified in section I.C.3(a)(6) of this

Appendix.

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(b) Employers shall ensure that each test subject being fit tested

using this protocol follows the exercise and duration procedures,

including the order of administration, described in Table A–2 of

this Appendix.

Table A-2 - Modified Ambient Aerosol CNC Quantitative Fit Testing Protocol for Filtering

Facepiece Respirators

Exercises

Exercise

procedure

Measurement

procedure

Bending

Over

The test subject shall bend at the waist, as if going to touch

his/her toes for 50 seconds and inhale 2 times at the

bottom

A 20 second ambient

sample, followed by a 30

second mask sample.

Talking

The test subject shall talk out loud slowly and loud enough

so as to be heard clearly by the test conductor for 30

seconds. He/she will either read from a prepared text such

as the Rainbow Passage, count backward from 100, or

recite a memorized poem or song.

A 30 second mask

sample.

Head Side-

to-Side

The test subject shall stand in place, slowly turning his/her

head from side to side for 30 seconds and inhale 2 times at

each extreme

A 30 second mask

sample.

Head Up-

and-Down

The test subject shall stand in place, slowly moving his/her

head up and down for 39 seconds and inhale 2 times at

each extreme

A 30 second mask

sample followed by a 9

second ambient sample.

Exercises are listed in the order in which they are to be administered.

It is optional for test subjects to take additional breaths at other times during this exercise.

(6) Controlled negative pressure (CNP) quantitative fit testing procedure.

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The CNP procedure is an alternative to aerosol fit test methods. The

CNP fit test method technology is based on exhausting air from a

temporarily sealed respirator face piece to generate and then maintain

a constant negative pressure inside the face piece. The rate of air

exhaust is controlled so that there is a constant negative pressure in the

respirator during the fit test. The level of pressure is selected to

replicate the mean inhalation pressure that causes leakage into the

respirator under normal use conditions. With pressure held constant,

airflow out of the respirator is equal to air flow into the respirator.

Therefore, measurement of the exhaust stream required to hold the

pressure in the temporarily sealed respirator constant yields a direct

measure of leakage airflow into the respirator. The CNP fit test method

measures leak rates through the face piece as a method for

determining the face piece fit for negative pressure respirators. The

CNP instrument manufacturer Occupational Health Dynamics of

Birmingham, Alabama also provides attachments (sampling manifolds)

that replace the filter cartridges to permit fit testing in an employee’s

own respirator. To perform the test, the test subject closes his or her

mouth and holds their breath, after which an air pump removes air from

the respirator face piece at a pre-selected constant pressure. The face

piece fit is expressed as the leak rate through the face piece, in

milliliters per minute. The quality and validity of the CNP fit tests are

determined by the degree to which the in-mask pressure tracks the test

pressure during the system measurement time of approximately five

seconds. Instantaneous feedback in the form of a real-time pressure

trace of the in-mask pressure is provided and used to determine test

validity and quality. A minimum fit factor pass level of 100 is necessary

for a half-mask respirator and a minimum fit factor of at least 500 is

required for a full-face piece respirator. Explain the entire screening and

testing procedure to the test subject before doing the screening test.

(a) CNP Fit Test Requirements.

(1) The instrument must have a nonadjustable test pressure of 15.0 mm

water pressure.

(2) The CNP system defaults selected for test pressure must be set at 15

mm of water (-0.58 inches of water) and the modeled inhalation flow

rate must be 53.8 liters per minute for performing fit tests.

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Note: CNP systems have built-in capability to conduct fit testing that is specific to

unique work rate, mask, and gender situations that might apply in a specific

workplace. Use of system default values, which were selected to represent

respirator wear with medium cartridge resistance at a low-moderate work rate, will

allow inter-test comparison of the respirator fit.

(3) The individual who conducts the CNP fit testing must have adequate

training to lead the test.

(4) Replace the respirator filter or cartridge with the CNP test manifold.

Temporarily remove or prop open the inhalation valve downstream from

the manifold.

(5) Train the test subject to hold his or her breath for at least 20 seconds.

(6) The test subject must put on the test respirator without any assistance.

The respirator must not be adjusted once the fit-test exercises begin.

Any adjustment voids the test, and the test subject must repeat the fit-

test.

(7) Follow the QNFT procedure according to section I.C.1. with an

exception for the CNP test exercises.

(b) CNP Test Exercises.

(1) Normal breathing. In a normal standing position, without talking, the

subject must breathe normally for 1-minute. After the normal breathing

exercise, the subject needs to hold their head straight ahead and hold

their breath for 10 seconds during the test measurement.

(2) Deep breathing. In a normal standing position, the subject must breathe

slowly and deeply for 1-minute, being careful not to hyperventilate. After

the deep breathing exercise, the subject must hold their head straight

ahead and hold their breath for 10 seconds during test measurement.

(3) Turning head side to side. Standing in place, the subject must slowly

turn their head from side to side between the extreme positions on each

side for 1 minute. The head must be held at each extreme momentarily

so the subject can inhale at each side. After the turning head side to

side exercise, the subject needs to hold their head full left and hold his

or her breath for 10 seconds during test measurement. Next, the

subject needs to hold their head full right and hold his or her breath for

10 seconds during test measurement.

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(4) Moving head up and down. Standing in place, the subject must slowly

move their head up and down for 1-minute. Instruct the subject to inhale

in the up position (i.e., when looking toward the ceiling). After the

moving head up and down exercise, the subject must hold their head

full up and hold his or her breath for 10 seconds during test

measurement. Next, the subject must hold their head full down and hold

his or her breath for 10 seconds during test measurement.

(5) Talking. The subject must talk out loud slowly and loud enough to be

heard clearly by the test conductor. The subject can read from a

prepared text like the Rainbow Passage, count backward from 100, or

recite a memorized poem or song for 1-minute. After the talking

exercise, the subject must hold their head straight ahead and hold their

breath for 10 seconds during the test measurement.

(6) Grimace. The test subject must grimace by smiling or frowning for 15

seconds.

(7) Bending Over. The test subject must bend at the waist as if they were

to touch their toes for 1-minute. Substitute jogging in place for this

exercise in those test environments such as shroud-type QNFT units

that prohibit bending at the waist. After the bending over exercise, the

subject must hold their head straight ahead and hold their breath for 10

seconds during the test measurement.

(8) Normal Breathing. The test subject must remove and re-don the

respirator within a 1-minute period. Then, in a normal standing position,

without talking, the subject must breathe normally for 1-minute. After

the normal breathing exercise, the subject must hold their head straight

ahead and hold their breath for 10 seconds during the test

measurement. After the test exercises, question the test about the

comfort of the respirator after completion of the test. If it is

unacceptable, try another model of respirator.

(1) The test instrument must have an effective audio warning device when

the test subject fails to hold their breath during the test. Stop the test

when the test subject fails to hold their breath. Refit and retest the test

subject.

(2) Keep a record of the test, assuming the fit test was successful. The

record must have the test subject’s name; overall fit factor; make,

model, style and size of respirator; and date of the test.

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(7) Controlled negative pressure (CNP) REDON quantitative fit testing

protocol.

(a) When administering this protocol to test subjects, employers must

comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (a) and (c)

of Part I.C.6 of this Appendix (“Controlled negative pressure

(CNP) quantitative fit testing protocol”), as well as use the test

exercises described below in paragraph (b) of this protocol

instead of the test exercises specified in paragraph (b) of Part

I.C.6 of this Appendix.

(b) Employers must ensure that each test subject being fit tested

using this protocol follows the exercise and measurement

procedures, including the order of administration, described below

in Table A-3 of this Appendix.

Table A-3 - CNP REDON Quantitative Fit Testing Protocol

Exercises

Exercise procedure

Measurement procedure

Facing

Forward

Stand and breathe normally, without talking, for 30

seconds.

Face forward, while holding breath

for 10 seconds.

Bending

Over

Bend at the waist, as if going to touch his or her

toes, for 30 seconds.

Face parallel to the floor, while

holding breath for 10 seconds

Head

Shaking

For about three seconds, shake head back and

forth vigorously several times while shouting.

Face forward, while holding breath

for 10 seconds.

Redon-1

Remove the respirator mask, loosen all facepiece

straps, and then redon the respirator mask.

Face forward, while holding breath

for 10 seconds.

Redon-2

Remove the respirator mask, loosen all facepiece

straps, and then redon the respirator mask again.

Face forward, while holding breath

for 10 seconds.

Exercises are listed in the order in which they are to be administered.

question each test subject regarding the comfort of the respirator.

When a test subject states that the respirator is unacceptable, the

employer must ensure that the test administrator repeats the

protocol using another respirator model.

(d) Employers must determine the overall fit factor for each test

subject by calculating the harmonic mean of the fit testing

exercises as follows:

Overall fit factor = 1

[1/FF

+ 1/FF

+ … 1/FF

]

Where:

N = The number of exercises;

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= The fit factor for the first exercise;

= The fit factor for the second exercise; and

= The fit factor for the nth exercise.

Part II. New Fit Test Procedures

Oregon OSHA will accept any new procedures that OSHA accepts. For more information of

submitting new procedures for acceptance or other information about this subject, read the

federal rules.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2007, filed 8/13/07, effective 8/13/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 1-2020, filed 2/13/20, effective 2/13/20.

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Appendix B-1 to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection – User Seal Check

Procedures (Mandatory)

The user of a tight-fitting respirator must do a seal check every time they put on the

respirator. They must use one of the two methods below or the manufacturer’s recommended

method. (These tests do not substitute for qualitative or quantitative fit tests.)

(I) Face piece Positive and/or Negative Pressure Checks

(A) Positive pressure check. Close off the exhalation valve and exhale gently into the

face piece. The face fit is satisfactory if a slight positive pressure can be built up

inside the face piece without any evidence of outward leakage of air at the seal.

For most respirators this method of leak testing requires the wearer to first remove

the exhalation valve cover before closing off the exhalation valve and then

carefully replacing it after the test.

(B) Negative pressure check. Close off the inlet opening of the canister or cartridge(s)

by covering with the palm of the hand(s) or by replacing the filter seal(s), inhale

gently so that the face piece collapses slightly, and hold the breath for ten

seconds. The design of the inlet opening of some cartridges cannot be effectively

covered with the palm of the hand. The test can be performed by covering the inlet

opening of the cartridge with a thin latex or nitrile glove. If the face piece remains

in its slightly collapsed condition and there is no sign of inward leakage of air, the

tightness of the respirator is satisfactory.

(II) Manufacturer’s Recommended User Seal Check Procedures. You may use the

respirator manufacturer’s recommended procedures for performing a user seal check

instead of the positive and/or negative pressure check procedures if you can

demonstrate that the manufacturer’s procedures are equally effective.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Appendix B-2 to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection – Respirator Cleaning

Procedures (Mandatory)

These are general procedures for cleaning respirators. You may also use the manufacturer’s

recommendations if they meet the objectives of these procedures to prevent harm to the user

and/or damage to the respirator.

I. Procedures for Cleaning Respirators

(A) Remove filters, cartridges, or canisters. Disassemble face pieces by removing

speaking diaphragms, demand and pressure-demand valve assemblies, hoses, or

any components recommended by the manufacturer. Discard or repair any

defective parts.

(B) Wash components in warm (43 degrees C. [110 degrees F.] maximum) water with

a mild detergent or with a cleaner recommended by the manufacturer. A stiff

bristle (not wire) brush may be used to facilitate the removal of dirt.

maximum), preferably running water. Drain.

(1) When the cleaner does not contain a disinfecting agent, immerse respirator

components for 2 minutes in one of the following:

(2) Hypochlorite solution (50 ppm of chlorine) of approximately one-milliliter of

laundry bleach and one liter of water at 43 degrees C. (110 degrees F.); or,

(3) Aqueous solution of iodine (50 ppm iodine) of approximately 0.8 milliliters of

tincture of iodine (6-8 grams ammonium and/or potassium iodide/100 cc of

45 percent alcohol) to one liter of water at 43 degrees C. (110 degrees F.);

or,

(D) Other commercially available cleansers of equivalent disinfectant quality, if the

respirator manufacturer recommends their use.

(E) Rinse components thoroughly in clean, warm (43 degrees C. [110 degrees F.]

maximum), preferably running water. Drain. Thorough rinsing is extremely

important. Detergents or disinfectants that dry on face pieces may cause

dermatitis. In addition, some disinfectants may cause deterioration of rubber or

corrosion of metal parts if not completely removed.

(F) Components should be hand-dried with a clean lint-free cloth or air-dried.

(G) Reassemble face piece, replacing filters, cartridges, and canisters where

necessary.

(H) Test the respirator to ensure that all components work properly.

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Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2007, filed 8/13/07, effective 8/13/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Appendix C to 437-004-1041, Respiratory Protection

Respirator Medical Evaluation Questionnaire (Mandatory)

EMPLOYEE: Your employer must allow you to answer this questionnaire during normal

working hours, or at a time and place that is convenient to you. To maintain your

confidentiality, your employer or supervisor must not look at or review your answers. Your

employer must tell you how to send or deliver this questionnaire to the health care

professional who will review it.

Part A. Section 1. Every employee selected to use any type of respirator must provide

the following information (please print).

Date: ____________________

Name: __________________________________ Job Title: _________________________

Age: ______ Sex: M / F Height: _______ Weight: _______

Phone #: ( )_______-___________

A phone number where the health care professional can reach you (include the Area Code):

( )________-_____________

The best time to phone you at this number: __________________

Has your employer told you how to contact the health care professional who

will review this questionnaire (circle one)? Yes / No

Check the type of respirator you will use (you can check more than one category):

a. ____ N, R, or P disposable respirator (filter-mask, non-cartridge type only).

b. ____ Other type (for example, half or full-face type, powered-air purifying,

supplied-air, self-contained breathing apparatus).

Have you worn a respirator (circle one)? Yes / No

If “yes”, what type(s): ___________________________________________________

Part A. Section 2. Every employee selected to use any type of respirator must answer

questions 1 through 9 below (please circle “yes” or “no”).

1. Do you currently smoke tobacco, or have you smoked tobacco in

the last month? Yes / No

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2. Have you ever had any of the following conditions?

a. Seizures (fits) Yes / No

b. Diabetes (sugar disease) Yes / No

c. Allergic reactions that interfere with your breathing Yes / No

d. Claustrophobia (fear of closed-in places) Yes / No

e. Trouble smelling odors Yes / No

3. Have you ever had any of the following pulmonary or lung problems?

a. Asbestosis Yes / No

b. Silicosis Yes / No

c. Asthma Yes / No

d. Pneumothorax (collapsed lung) Yes / No

e. Chronic bronchitis Yes / No

f. Lung cancer Yes / No

g. Emphysema Yes / No

h. Broken ribs Yes / No

i. Pneumonia Yes / No

j. Any chest injuries or surgeries Yes / No

k. Tuberculosis Yes / No

l. Any other lung problem that you have been told about Yes / No

4. Do you currently have any of the following symptoms of pulmonary or lung illness?

a. Shortness of breath Yes / No

b. Shortness of breath when walking fast on level ground or walking

up a slight hill or incline Yes / No

c. Shortness of breath when walking with other people at an ordinary

pace on level ground Yes / No

d. Have to stop for breath when walking at your own pace on level

ground Yes / No

e. Shortness of breath when washing or dressing yourself Yes / No

f. Shortness of breath that interferes with your job Yes / No

g. Coughing that produces phlegm (thick sputum) Yes / No

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h. Coughing that wakes you early in the morning Yes / No

i. Coughing that occurs mostly when you are lying down Yes / No

j. Coughing up blood in the last month Yes / No

k. Wheezing Yes / No

l. Wheezing that interferes with your job Yes / No

m. Chest pain when you breathe deeply Yes / No

n. Any other symptoms that you think may be related to

lung problems Yes / No

5. Have you ever had any of the following cardiovascular or heart problems?

a. Heart attack Yes / No

b. Stroke Yes / No

c. Angina Yes / No

d. Heart failure Yes / No

e. Swelling in your legs or feet (not caused by walking) Yes / No

f. Heart arrhythmia (heart beating irregularly) Yes / No

g. High blood pressure Yes / No

h. Any other heart problems that you have been told about Yes / No

6. Have you ever had any of the following cardiovascular or heart symptoms?

a. Frequent pain or tightness in your chest Yes / No

b. Pain or tightness in your chest during physical activity Yes / No

c. Pain or tightness in your chest that interferes with your job Yes / No

d. In the past 2 years, have you noticed your heart skipping or

missing a beat Yes / No

e. Heartburn or indigestion that is not related to eating Yes / No

f. Any other symptoms that you think may be related to heart

or circulation problems Yes / No

7. Do you currently take medication for any of the following problems?

a. Breathing or lung problems Yes / No

b. Heart trouble Yes / No

c. Blood pressure Yes / No

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d. Seizures (fits) Yes / No

8. If you have used a respirator, have you ever had any of the following problems?

(If you have never used a respirator continue to question 9)

a. Eye irritation Yes / No

b. Skin allergies or rashes Yes / No

c. Anxiety Yes / No

d. General weakness or fatigue Yes / No

e. Any other problem that interferes with your use of a respirator Yes / No

9. Would you like to discuss your answers with the health care professional

who will review this questionnaire? Yes / No

Employees who will use either a full-face respirator OR a self-contained breathing

apparatus (SCBA) MUST answer Questions 10 through 15:

10. Have you ever lost vision in either eye temporarily or permanently? Yes / No

11. Do you currently have any of the following vision problems?

a. Wear contact lenses Yes / No

b. Wear glasses Yes / No

c. Color blind Yes / No

d. Any other eye or vision problem Yes / No

12. Have you ever had an injury to your ears, including a broken ear drum? Yes / No

13. Do you currently have any of the following hearing problems?

a. Difficulty hearing Yes / No

b. Wear a hearing aid Yes / No

c. Any other hearing or ear problem Yes / No

14. Have you ever had a back injury? Yes / No

15. Do you currently have any of the following musculoskeletal problems?

a. Weakness in any of your arms, hands, legs, or feet Yes / No

b. Back pain Yes / No

c. Difficulty fully moving your arms and legs Yes / No

d. Pain or stiffness when you lean forward or backward at the waist Yes / No

e. Difficulty fully moving your head up or down Yes / No

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f. Difficulty fully moving your head side to side Yes / No

g. Difficulty bending at your knees Yes / No

h. Difficulty squatting to the ground Yes / No

i. Climbing a flight of stairs or a ladder carrying more than 25 pounds Yes / No

j. Any other muscle or skeletal problem that interferes with

using a respirator Yes / No

Part B. Section 1. The health care professional who will review this questionnaire may

– at their discretion – add these questions and any other questions pertinent to this

evaluation.

1. In your present job are you working at high altitudes (over 5,000 feet)

or in a place that has lower than normal amounts of oxygen? Yes / No

If “Yes,” do you have feelings of dizziness, shortness of breath,

pounding in your chest, or other symptoms when you are working

under these condition? Yes / No

2. At work or at home, have you ever been exposed to hazardous

solvents, hazardous airborne chemicals (e.g., gases, fumes, or dust),

or have you come into skin contact with hazardous chemicals? Yes / No

If “Yes,” name the chemicals if you know them: ______________________________

____________________________________________________________________

3. Have you ever worked with any of the materials, or under any of the conditions listed

below:

a. Asbestos Yes / No

b. Coal (for example, mining) Yes / No

c. Silica (e.g., sandblasting) Yes / No

d. Iron Yes / No

e. Tungsten/cobalt (grinding or welding this material) Yes / No

f. Tin Yes / No

g. Dusty environments Yes / No

h. Beryllium Yes / No

i. Any other hazardous exposures Yes / No

j. Aluminum Yes / No

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If “Yes,” describe these exposures: _______________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

4. List any second jobs or side businesses you have: ___________________________

___________________________________________________________________

5. List your previous occupations: __________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

6. List your current and previous hobbies: ____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

7. Were you ever in the military services? Yes / No

If “yes” were you exposed to biological or chemical agents

(either in training or combat)? Yes / No

8. Have you ever worked on a HAZMAT team? Yes / No

9. Other than medications for breathing and lung problems, heart trouble,

blood pressure, and seizures mentioned earlier in this questionnaire,

are you taking any other medications for any reason (including

over-the-counter medications)? Yes / No

If “Yes,” name the medications if you know them: ____________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Notes:

Part B. Section 2. The EMPLOYER must provide this supplemental information to the

health care professional (PLHCP) who will review the employee’s medical

questionnaire:

Employee’s Name: ________________________________________________________

Employee’s Job Title/Classification: ___________________________________________

1. What type of respirator will this employee use?

Check the type(s) below (you can check more than one category):

____ N-, R-, or P- filtering facepiece (disposable, “dust mask” type)

____ Tight-fitting, air-purifying half-mask,

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____ Tight-fitting full-face mask

____ Air-purifying type ____ Supplied air type

____ Powered-air purifying respirator (PAPR)

____ Tight-fitting, full face mask ____ Loose-fitting helmet or hood

____ Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

____ Escape (gas mask)

2. What is the approximate weight of the respirator and any tanks or air hoses? _______

____________________________________________________________________

3. Will the employee use any of the following items with these respirator(s)?

a. HEPA filters Yes / No

b. Canisters (gas masks) Yes / No

c. Cartridges (air-purifying) Yes / No

4. How often will the employee use the respirator(s)? (circle “yes” or “no” for all answers

that apply)

a. Escape only (no rescue duties) Yes / No

b. Less than 2 hrs. per day Yes / No

c. Emergency rescue only Yes / No

d. 2 to 4 hrs. per day Yes / No

e. Less than 5 hrs. per week Yes / No

f. over 4 hrs. per day Yes / No

5. When the employee uses the respirator(s), is their work effort:

a. Light (less than 200 kcal per hour) Yes / No

If “yes” how long does this period last during the average shift:

hrs. _____ mins. ______

Examples of light work effort are sitting while writing, typing, drafting, or performing light

assembly work; or standing while controlling machines.

b. Moderate (200 to 350 kcal per hour): Yes / No

If “yes” how long does this period last during the average shift:

hrs. _____ mins. ______

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Examples of moderate work effort are sitting while nailing or filing: driving a truck,

drilling, nailing performing assembly work, or transferring a moderate load (about 35

pounds) at trunk level; walking on a level surface about 2 mph or down a 5 degree grade

about 3 mph; or pushing a wheelbarrow with a heavy load (about 100 pounds) on a level

surface. (NOTE: A gallon of water weighs about 8 lbs.; so, a full, 3-gallon, backpack

sprayer weights about 25 lbs.)

c. Heavy (above 350 kcal per hour): Yes / No

If “yes” how long does this period last during the average shift?

hrs. ______ mins. _______

Examples of heavy work are lifting a heavy load (about 50 pounds) from the floor to your

waist or shoulder; working on a loading dock; shoveling; standing while bricklaying or

chipping castings; walking up an 8 degree grade about 2 mph, climbing stairs with a

heavy load (about 50 pounds).

6. Will the employee wear protective clothing and/or equipment

(other than the respirator) when using their respirator? Yes / No

If “yes,” describe this protective clothing and/or equipment: _____________________

___________________________________________________________________

7. Will they be working in hot conditions

(temperature more than 77 degrees F)? Yes / No

8. Will they be working in humid conditions? Yes / No

9. Describe the work they will be doing while using their respirator(s): ______________

___________________________________________________________________

10. Describe any special or hazardous conditions they might encounter when using a

respiratory protection (for example, confined spaces, oxygen-deficient atmospheres, life

threatening gases):____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

11. Provide the following information, if you know it, for each toxic substance that they will

be exposed to when using their respirator(s):

Name of the first toxic substance: _________________________________________

Estimated maximum exposure level per shift: _______________________________

Duration of exposure per shift: ___________________________________________

Name of the second toxic substance: _____________________________________

Estimated maximum exposure level per shift: _______________________________

Duration of exposure per shift: ___________________________________________

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Name of the third toxic substance: ________________________________________

Estimated maximum exposure level per shift: ________________________________

Duration of exposure per shift: ___________________________________________

Name of any other toxic substances that they will be exposed to while using a respirator:

____________________________________________________________________

12. Describe any special responsibilities they will have while using their respirator(s) that

may affect the safety and well-being of others (i.e., rescue, security): ______________

____________________________________________________________________

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Apéndice C de OAR 437-004-1041, Protección de la Respiración

CUESTIONARIO PARA EVALUACION MEDICA RESPIRATORIA (OBLIGATORIO)

TRABAJADOR: Su empleador debe permitirle contestar estas preguntas durante horas

normales de trabajo o durante un tiempo y lugar que le sea conveniente a usted. Para

mantener su confidencialidad, su empleador o supervisor no debe ver o revisar sus

respuestas. Su empleador deberá decirle como enviar o entregar este cuestionario al

profesional de cuidado de la salud que lo revisará.

Parte A. Sección 1 - Cada trabajador elegido para usar cualquier tipo de respirador

debe proporcionar la siguiente información (use letra de molde).

Fecha: ______________

Nombre: _______________________ Ocupación, título o tipo de trabajo: ____________

Edad: ______ Género: M / F Estatura: ______ Peso: ______

Número de Teléfono: ( ) -

Dé un número de teléfono donde el profesional de salud que revisará este cuestionario

pueda comunicarse con usted (incluya el Código de Área) __________________________

La mejor hora de hablarle ha este teléfono: _____________________________________

¿Su patrón le explicó como comunicarse con el profesional de salud que

revisará este cuestionario? (circule uno) Sí / No

Marque el tipo de respirador que usará (puede marcar más de una categoría):

a. ____ N, R, o P respirador desechable (máscara de filtro solamente sin cartucho).

b. ____ Otro tipo (por ejemplo, máscara de media cara o cara completa, purificadores

motorizados, de suministro de aire, equipo autónomo de respiración).

¿Ha usado usted un respirador antes? (circule uno) _____________________ Sí / No

Si “afirmativo”, ¿qué tipo(s)?: ____________________________________________

Parte A. Sección 2 - Cualquier trabajador elegido ha usar cualquier tipo de respirador

debe contestar las preguntas del 1 al 9 (circule sí o no).

1. Do you currently smoke tobacco, or have you smoked tobacco

in the last month? Yes / No

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2. ¿Ha padecido usted de lo siguiente?

a. Convulsiones Si / No

b. Diabetes (azúcar en la sangre) Si / No

c. Reacciones alérgicas que interfieren con su respiración Si / No

d. Claustrofobia (temor a espacios cerrados) Si / No

e. Problemas del olfato Si / No

3. ¿Ha padecido en cualquier tiempo usted de los siguientes problemas pulmonares?

a. Asbestosis Si / No

b. Silicosis Si / No

c. Asma Si / No

d. Neumotorax (desinfle del pulmón) Si / No

e. Bronquitis crónica Si / No

f. Cáncer del pulmón Si / No

g. Enfisema Si / No

h. Fracturas de las costillas Si / No

i. Neumonía Si / No

j. Cualquier lesión o cirugía del pecho Si / No

k. Tuberculosis Si / No

l. Cualquier otro problema del pulmón del cual se le ha informado Si / No

4. ¿Actualmente tiene usted alguno de los siguientes síntomas pulmonares o

enfermedades del pulmón?

a. Falta de aire Si / No

b. Falta de aire cuando camina rápido sobre una superficie plana o una

cuesta leve o una inclinación Si / No

c. Falta de aire cuando camina con otras personas a un ritmo normal

sobre una superficie plana Si / No

d. Tener que detenerse a coger aire cuando camina a su propio paso

sobre superficie plana Sí / No

e. Falta de aire cuando usted se lava o se viste Sí / No

f. Falta de aire que interfiere con su trabajo Sí / No

g. Tos que produce flema espesa Sí / No

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h. Tos que lo despierta temprano por la mañana Sí / No

i. Tos que se pasa más cuando esta acostado Sí / No

j. Tos con sangre (durante el último mes) Sí / No

k. Respiración jadeante Sí / No

l. Respiración jadeante, que interfiere con su trabajo Sí / No

m. Dolor en el pecho cuando respira profundamente Sí / No

n. Cualquier otro síntoma que usted cree que puede estar

relacionado con problemas del pulmón Sí / No

5. ¿Ha padecido en cualquier tiempo alguno de los siguientes problemas cardiovasculares

o del corazón?

a. Ataque al corazón Sí / No

b. Derrame cerebral o Embolia Sí / No

c. Angina Sí / No

d. Falla del corazón Sí / No

e. Hinchazón de las piernas o pies (no causado por el andar) Sí / No

f. Arritmias del corazón (palpitación irregular) Sí / No

g. Presión alta de la sangre Sí / No

h. Otros problemas del corazón del cual se le ha informado Sí / No

6. ¿Ha padecido cualquier tiempo los siguientes síntomas cardiovasculares o del

corazón?

a. Dolor o presión frecuente del pecho Sí / No

b. Dolor o presión en el pecho durante actividad física Sí / No

c. Dolor o presión en el pecho que interfiere con su trabajo Sí / No

d. En los últimos dos años ha notado que le salta o le falta un latido

al corazón Sí / No

e. Agrura o indigestión, no ocasionada por la comida Sí / No

f. Otros síntomas los cuales usted cree están relacionados a

problemas del corazón o la circulación Sí / No

7. ¿ Actualmente toma usted medicamentos para algunos de los siguientes problemas?

a. Problemas de la respiración o de los pulmones Sí / No

b. Problemas del corazón Sí / No

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c. Presión Sí / No

d. Convulsiones Sí / No

8. Si usted ha usado un respirador,

¿ha tenido en alguna ocasión alguno de los siguientes problemas? Sí / No

(Si nunca ha usado un respirador por favor salte a la pregunta 9).

9. Quiere hablar de sus respuestas con el profesional de salud que

revisará su cuestionario? Sí / No

Trabajadores que usarán un respirador de cara completa O Equipo Autónomo de

Respiración (SCBA) DEBERÁN contestar las preguntas del 10 al 15:

10. ¿Ha perdido la visión temporalmente o permanentemente en uno

o ambos ojos? Sí / No

11. ¿Actualmente tiene alguno de los siguientes problemas de la vista?

a. Usa lentes de contacto Sí / No

b. Usa anteojos Sí / No

c. Dificultad para distinguir los colores Sí / No

d. Otros problemas con los ojos o la visón Sí / No

12. ¿Ha tenido cualquier tiempo una lesión en los oídos, incluyendo daño

al tímpano? Si / No

13. ¿ Actualmente tiene alguno de los siguientes problemas con los oídos?

a. Dificultad al oír Sí / No

b. Usa prótesis en el oído Sí / No

c. Cualquier otro problema con la audición o el oído Sí / No

14. ¿ Se ha lesionado la espalda? Si / No

15. ¿ Actualmente tiene alguno de los siguientes problemas músculo esqueléticos?

a. Debilidad en cualquiera de los brazos, manos, piernas, o pies Sí / No

b. Dolor de la espalda Sí / No

c. Dificultad para mover completamente los brazos y piernas Sí / No

d. Dolor o entumecimiento al inclinarse hacia delante o atrás

desde la cintura Sí / No

e. Dificultad en mover la cabeza completamente hacia arriba o abajo Sí / No

f. Dificultad en mover la cabeza completamente de un lado a otro Sí / No

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g. Dificultad en doblar las rodillas Sí / No

h. Dificultad en ponerse de cuclillas Sí / No

i. Subiendo escalones o una escalera cargando más de 25 libras Sí / No

j. Cualquier otro problema del esqueleto o de los músculos que

pueda interferir con usar un respirador Sí / No

Parte B. Sección 1 - El profesional de la salud que revisará este cuestionario puede

añadir a su discreción las siguientes preguntas y cualquier otra pregunta no listada.

1. ¿En su presente trabajo, trabaja en alturas elevadas (a más de 5,000

pies) o en lugares con niveles de oxigeno más bajas de lo normal? Sí / No

¿Si “afirmativo”, tiene mareos, falta de aire, presión en el pecho, u otros

síntomas cuando está trabajando bajo estas condiciones? Sí / No

2. ¿En el trabajo o su casa, ha sido usted expuesto a solventes peligrosos,

químicos peligrosos transportados por el aire, (gases, humos, o polvos),

o haentrado su piel en contacto con químicos peligrosos? Si / No

Si es afirmativo, nombre del (los) químico(s): ________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

3. ¿Ha trabajado usted con los siguientes materiales, o bajo alguna de las siguientes

condiciones?

a. Asbesto Sí / No

b. Carbón (por ejemplo, en minas) Sí / No

c. Sílice (por ejemplo con chorro de arena) Sí / No

d. Hierro Sí / No

e. Tungsteno/cobalto (limando o soldando este material) Sí / No

f. Estaño Sí / No

g. Ambientes polvorosos Sí / No

h. Berilio Sí / No

i. Cualquier otras exposiciones peligrosas Sí / No

j. Aluminio Sí / No

Si es afirmativo, describa la(s) exposición(es): _______________________________

____________________________________________________________________

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4. Liste segundos trabajos o negocios paralelos que usted tiene: __________________

___________________________________________________________________

5. Liste sus ocupaciones anteriores: ________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

6. Liste pasatiempos presentes y pasados: ___________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

7. ¿Estuvo en el servicio militar? Si / No

Si “afirmativo”, ¿estuvo expuesto a agentes biológicos o químicos

(durante entrenamiento o combate)? Si / No

8. ¿ Ha trabajado en un equipo de limpieza de materiales peligrosos

(HAZMAT)? Si / No

9. ¿Fuera de medicinas para la respiración, los pulmones, problemas

del corazón, presión, y convulsiones mencionadas anteriormente en

este cuestionario, está usted tomando otras medicinas por cualquier

razón (incluyendo medicinas sin receta médica)? Sí / No

Si “afirmativo”, nombre las medicinas: _____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Apuntes:

Parte B. Sección 2. El EMPLEADOR deberá proporcionar esta información

suplementaria al profesional de cuidado de la salud (PLHCP) que revisará el

cuestionario médico del trabajador:

Nombre del Trabajador: ____________________________________________________

Posición del Trabajador: ___________________________________________________

1. ¿Qué tipo de respirador usará este trabajador?

Marque el (los) tipo(s) que siguen (puede marcar más de una categoría):

____ N-, R-, o P- máscara filtrante (desechable, tipo “máscara de polvo”).

____ De ajuste apretado de purificación de media cara

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____ De ajuste apretado de cara completa

____ De tipo de purificación de aire ____ De tipo de línea

____ Respirador purificador de aire motorizado (PAPR)

____ De ajuste apretado, de cara completa ____ De ajuste apretado de casco o

capucha

____ Equipo Autónomo de Respiración (SCBA)

____ Escape (máscara de gas)

2. ¿Cuál es el peso aproximado del respirador, y cualquier tanque o mangueras? _____

____________________________________________________________________

3. ¿El trabajador va a utilizar alguno de los siguientes artículos con su(s) respirador(es)?

a. Filtros HEPA Sí / No

b. Cánisters (máscaras para gas) Sí / No

c. Cartuchos (purificación de aire) Sí / No

4 ¿Con que frecuencia usará el trabajador el respirador?

(circule sí o no a toda las preguntas que apliquen)

a. Solamente para escape (sin deberes de rescate) Sí / No

b. Menos de 2 horas por día Sí / No

c. Rescate de emergencia solamente Sí / No

d. 2 a 4 horas por día Sí / No

e. Menos de 5 horas por semana Sí / No

f. Más de 4 horas por día Sí / No

5. ¿Durante el período que el trabajador usa el respirador, el esfuerzo de trabajo es?

a. Liviano (menos de 200 Kcal por hora) Sí / No

Ejemplos de trabajo liviano es estar sentado al escribir, computación, haciendo planos,

o realizando ensamble ligero, o de pie operando máquinas.

Si “afirmativo”, cuanto tiempo dura esto en un turno promedio:

horas _____ minutos _______

b. Moderado (200 a 350 Kcal por hora) Sí / No

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Ejemplos de trabajo moderado son: estar sentado martillando o limando, manejado un

camión, perforando, o ensamble, moviendo cargas moderadas (aproximadamente 25 –

35 libras) a nivel de la cintura caminando en superficie planas a 2 millas por hora o

bajando un nivel de terreno de 5 grados a 3 millas por hora, o empujando una carretilla

con carga pesada (aproximadamente 100 libras) en superficie plana. (NOTA: Un galón

de agua peso aproximadamente 8 libras, o sea, un rociadora de mochila llena con 3

galones pesa aproximadamente 25 libras.)

Si “afirmativo”, cuanto tiempo dura esto en un turno promedio:

horas ______ minutos ______

c. Pesado (más de 350 Kcal por hora) Sí / No

Ejemplos de trabajo pesado son: levantar cargas pesadas(aproximadamente 50 libras)

del suelo a la altura de la cintura u hombros, trabajando en un plataformas de carga,

trabajo con pala, albañilería de pie, desbarbando piezas de fundición, subiendo niveles

de terreno de 8 grados aproximadamente a 2 millas por hora, subiendo escalones con

cargas pesadas (aproximadamente 50 libras)

Si “afirmativo”, cuanto tiempo dura esto en un turno promedio:

horas ______ minutos ______

6. ¿El trabajador va a utilizar ropa o equipo protector aparte del respirador? Sí / No

Si “afirmativo” describa el equipo que va a usar: ____________________________

___________________________________________________________________

7. ¿El trabajador va a trabajar en temperaturas altas

(temperaturas más de 77 F)? Sí / No

8. ¿El trabajador va a trabajar en condiciones húmedas? Sí / No

9. Describa el trabajo que hará el trabajador mientras usa su respirador(es): ________

___________________________________________________________________

10. Describa algunas condiciones especiales o condiciones peligrosas las cuales el

trabajador puede enfrentar cuando usa el respirador (por ejemplo, espacios confinados,

atmósferas deficientes en oxígeno, gases fulminantes): _______________________

___________________________________________________________________

11. Proporcione la siguiente información si lo sabe, para cada substancia tóxica a que el

trabajador puede ser expuesto cuando usa el respirador(es):

Nombre de la primera substancia tóxica: ___________________________________

Nivel máximo de exposición por turno de trabajo: ____________________________

Tiempo de exposición por turno de trabajo: _________________________________

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Nombre de la segunda substancia tóxica: ___________________________________

Nivel máximo de exposición por turno de trabajo: _____________________________

Tiempo de exposición por turno de trabajo: __________________________________

Nombre de la tercera substancia tóxica: ____________________________________

Nivel máximo de exposición por turno de trabajo: _____________________________

Tiempo de exposición por turno de trabajo: __________________________________

Nombre(s) de cualquier otra substancia(s) tóxica(s) a la cual el trabajador pueda ser

expuesto mientras usa un respirador: ______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

12. Describa otras responsabilidades especiales que tendrán durante el tiempo que estarán

usando respiradores y que puedan afectar la seguridad y bienestar de otras personas

(por ejemplo, rescate, seguridad): ________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Appendix D to OAR 437-004-1041

Appendix D to OAR 437-004-1041 – Information for Employees Voluntarily Using

Respirators (Mandatory)

Respirators are an effective method of protection against designated hazards when properly

selected and worn. Oregon OSHA encourages respirator use, even when exposures are

below the exposure limit, to provide an additional level of comfort and protection for workers.

However, if you improperly use a respirator or do not keep it clean, the respirator itself can

become a hazard. Sometimes, workers may wear respirators to avoid exposures to hazards,

even if the amount of hazardous substance does not exceed the limits set by Oregon OSHA

standards. If your employer provides respirators for your voluntary use, of if you provide your

own respirator, you need to take certain precautions to be sure that the respirator itself does

not present a hazard.

You should do the following:

1. Read and follow all instructions from the manufacturer on use, maintenance, cleaning

and care, and warnings regarding the respirators limitations.

2. Choose respirators certified for use to protect against the contaminant of concern.

NIOSH, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services, certifies respirators. A label or statement of

certification should appear on the respirator or respirator packaging. It will tell you what

the respirator is designed for and how much it will protect you.

3. Do not wear your respirator into atmospheres with contaminants that it is not designed

to protect against. For example, a respirator designed to filter dust particles will not

protect you against gases, vapors, or very small solid particles of fumes or smoke.

4. Keep track of your respirator so that you do not mistakenly use someone else’s

respirator.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Apéndice D de OAR 437-004-1041 – Información para Trabajadores que Usan

Respiradores Voluntariamente (Obligatorio)

Los respiradores que son seleccionados y usados correctamente son un método de

protección efectivo contra peligros designados. Oregon OSHA promueve el uso de

respiradotes, aunque la exposición sea menor al límite permitido de exposición, para proveer

un mejor nivel de comodidad y protección a los trabajadores. Sin embargo, si usted usa su

respirador de manera incorrecta o si la limpieza adecuada no es mantenida, el respirador

mismo podría convertirse en un peligro. Los trabajadores pueden usar los respiradores para

evitar la exposición a peligros aunque la cantidad de substancias peligrosas no exceda los

límites establecidos bajo las reglas de Oregon OSHA. Si su empleador provee respiradores

para uso voluntario, o si usted provee su propio respirador, necesita tomar ciertas

precauciones para asegurarse de que el respirador no presenta ningún peligro.

Usted debería hacer lo siguiente:

1. Lea y siga todas las instrucciones del fabricante acerca del uso, mantenimiento,

limpieza y cuidado. También siga las instrucciones acerca de las advertencias en

cuanto a las limitaciones del respirador.

2. Elija respiradores que sean certificados para ser usados en la clase de atmósfera

contaminada, específica a su situación El Instituto Nacional para Salud y Seguridad

Ocupacional del Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos (NIOSH por sus siglas

en inglés) certifica respiradores. Una certificación o declaración que debe aparecer en

el respirador o paquete del respirador le dirá para qué clase de uso el respirador está

diseñado y la capacidad de protección que éste ofrece.

3. No use su respirador en atmósferas que contengan contaminantes si éste no esta

diseñado para protegerlo en esos ambientes. Por ejemplo, un respirador que esta

diseñado para filtrar partículas de polvo, no lo protegerá contra gases, vapores o

partículas sólidas muy pequeñas de humo.

4. Marque su respirador claramente para que por error usted no use el respirador de otra

persona.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 3-2006, filed 6/7/06, effective 3/1/07.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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437-004-1060

437-004-1050 Head Protection

Note: See Division 4/W, 437-004-6000, 170.240(c)(10) for information about the chemical-resistant

headwear requirements for pesticide handlers.

(1) General requirements. Require employees to wear head protection (helmets or

hardhats) when working in areas where there is a potential for injury to the head such

as from falling or flying objects or electrical hazards.

(2) Criteria for protective headwear.

(a) Head protection must comply with any of the following consensus standards:

(A) ANSI Z89.1-2003, “American National Standard for Industrial Head

Protection;”

(B) ANSI Z89.1-1997, “American National Standard for Industrial Head

Protection;” or

Protective Headwear for Industrial Workers – Requirements.”

Note: The Oregon OSHA Resource Center has copies of these standards or public review at

350 Winter Street NE, Salem OR.

(b) Protective headwear that the employer demonstrates is at least as effecive as

protective headwear that is constructed in accordance with one of the above

consensus standards will be deemed to be in compliance with the requirements of

this section.

(3) Require employees who work close to moving parts of power-driven machinery or

sources of ignition and whose hair is long enough to be caught in it or to be ignited, to

wear caps or other head coverings that completely restrains the hair.

Note: See Divisions 4/O and 4/P for equipment and tool guarding requirements.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 2-2010, filed 2/25/10, effective 2/25/10.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-1060 Hand, Foot, and Extremity Protection

Notes:

See Division 4/P, 437-004-2220(10) for the protective equipment requirements (appropriate gloves,

aprons and leg guards) for employees using sharp-edged cutting tools.

See Division 4/P, 437-004-2230 for requirements for PPE while using chain saws.

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437-004-1060 (3)

See Division 4/W, 437-004-6000, 170.240(c)(5) and (6) for information about the requirements for

gloves and chemical-resistant footwear for pesticide handlers.

(1) General requirements for hand protection.

(a) Employers must select and require employees to use appropriate hand protection

when the work exposes employees’ hands to hazards such as contact with

harmful substances; severe cuts, lacerations, or abrasions; punctures; chemical

burns; electrical hazards; harmful temperature extremes.

(b) Do not allow the use of leather or other absorbent materials to protect against

chemical hazards.

catch them.

Note: See Divisions 4/O and 4/P for equipment and tool guarding requirements.

(2) General requirements for protective footwear.

(a) Require employees to use appropriate protective footwear when there is a danger

of foot injuries due to falling or rolling objects, objects piercing the sole, chemical

exposures, or electrical hazards.

(b) Protective footwear must comply with any of the following consensus standards:

(A) ASTM F-2412-2005, “Standard Test Methods for Foot Protection,” and ASTM

F-2413-2005, “Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for

Protective Footwear;”

(B) ANSI Z41-1999, “American National Standard for Personal Protection –

Protective Footwear;” or

Protective Footwear.”

Notes:

Look for ANSI compliance information on the shoe, the box or tags.

The Oregon OSHA Resource Center has copies of these consensus standards for

public review at 350 Winter Street NE, Salem OR.

footwear that is constructed in accordance with one of the above consensus

standards will be deemed to be in compliance with the requirements of this

section.

(3) Protection of Extremities.

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437-004-1070 (2)(b)(B)

(a) Require employees to wear leggings or high boots of leather, rubber or other

suitable material to protect legs from physical hazards such as hot or cold

substances, or sharp objects, and from chemical hazards such as spills or

splashes.

(b) Require employees to wear sleeves or long gloves of leather, rubber or other

suitable material to protect arms from physical hazards such as hot or cold

substances, or sharp objects; and from chemical hazards such as spills or

splashes.

chemical hazards.

Note: See Division 4/P, OAR 437-004-2230(1)(c)(G) for the requirement to provide flexible ballistic nylon

pads, chaps (or other equivalent protective equipment for the legs from the thigh to the top of the

boot) for employees using chain saws.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 2-2010, filed 2/25/10, effective 2/25/10.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-1070 Working Underway on Water

(1) Definitions.

(a) Boat – means every description of water craft used or capable of being used as a

means of transportation on the water, but does not include aircraft built to land on

the water.

Examples include rowboats, powerboats, rafts, barges, pontoons, and dredges.

(b) Underway – means when a boat is in or on the water and on the move - not at

anchor, not moored, and not made fast to the shore.

(2) Personal flotation devices.

(a) Workers in boats that are underway must wear Coast Guard approved or

equivalent, wearable personal flotation devices (PFD).

Exception: A worker below deck or in an enclosed part of a boat, like a cabin or pilot house, need

not wear the PFD but must have it readily available.

(b) The PFD provided must be:

(A) The right size for the wearer,

(B) Able to perform the function that the manufacturer intended, and

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437-004-1075 (3)(c)

recommendations.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 1-2001, filed 1/18/01, effective 3/1/01.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-1075 Working Over or in Water

(1) Definition.

(a) Rescue device means a ring buoy and line, gaff pole, throwable rescue device or

other device that serves as a means to rescue somebody from the water without

requiring the rescuer to enter the water.

(2) Scope and application.

(a) These rules apply where there is a danger of drowning and the water is more than

5 feet deep. These rules do not apply to workers protected by general or personal

fall protection.

(b) If employees are engaged in diving and related support operations conducted in

connection with Agricultural employment, Division 2, 1910.401 through 1910.440,

Commercial Diving Operations, applies.

(3) Personal flotation and rescue devices.

(a) Workers in water, over water on floating or unstable surfaces, or adjacent to water,

must wear a Coast Guard approved or equivalent, wearable personal flotation

device (PFD).

(b) The PFD must be:

(A) The right size for the wearer,

(B) Able to perform the function that the manufacturer intended, and

recommendations.

rescue devices available within 200 feet of the water or shoreline work area.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 1-2001, filed 1/18/01, effective 3/1/01.

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I

Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I – Sample Hazard Assessment for Personal

Protective Equipment (PPE) (Nonmandatory)

Note: The following list does not cover all possible hazards that employees may face or for which personal

protective equipment may be required. Noisy environments or those that may require respirators must be

evaluated with appropriate test equipment to quantify the exposure level when overexposure is suspected.

Employer: ________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Address: __________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Workplace/Area/ Job Assessed: _______________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Name / Job Title of Person performing Assessment: ________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Date(s) of Assessment: ______________________________________________________

Types of Hazards:

A. Impact Hazards/ Falling Objects

1. Is work performed above or below other workers? Yes / No

2. Is it possible for an employee to be struck by a falling object? Yes / No

3. Are there any activities generating flying fragments/particles? Yes / No

4. If “YES,” list the sources of falling or flying materials: _______________________

_________________________________________________________________

5. Do employees carry heavy objects which could cause injury if

dropped? Yes / No

6. Could movement of personnel result in a collision with stationary

objects? Yes / No

7. Are there any other potential impact hazards, such as moving objects

or mechanical processes? Yes / No

8. If “YES,” list the sources of potential mechanical impact: ____________________

_________________________________________________________________

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9. Number and characteristic of this type injury logged in company records for the last

5 years: ___________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

B. Penetration (by sharp objects)

1. Are there sharp or breakable objects such as glass, scrap metal, nails,

wire, staples, or other objects that could penetrate hands or feet

used in this area? Yes / No

2. Are there sharp tools used in the area? Yes / No

3. Are there rough surfaces that could scrape, scratch or abrade the skin? Yes / No

4. List the source(s) of penetration hazards: _________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

5. Number and characteristic of this type injury logged in company records for the last

5 years: ___________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

C. Compression Hazards: Crushing/ Rolling / Pinching Objects

1. Are forklifts used in employee walk areas? Yes / No

2. Do employees use manual material movers? Yes / No

3. Are there process hazards that could pinch or crush employee’s

hands or feet? Yes / No

4. Are there bulk rolls of material or heavy pipes handled by employees? Yes / No

5. Are there objects that could pinch, crush, or roll over workers? Yes / No

6. List the source(s) of compression /pinching/ roll over hazards: ________________

_________________________________________________________________

7. Number and characteristic of this type injury logged in company records for the last

5 years: ___________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

D. Chemical or Pesticide Exposure

1. Are chemicals used in the workplace? Yes / No

2. If so, do you have a Material Safety Data Sheet for each chemical? Yes / No

3. Are there established Permissible Exposure Limits for each chemical? Yes / No

4. Is there a splash hazard? Yes / No

5. Do the chemicals release mists, vapors or gases? Yes / No

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6. Will the chemicals irritate the skin or eyes? Yes / No

Pesticides:

7. Are Pesticide products handled in the workplace Yes / No

8. Are label directions for PPE followed for each product? Yes / No

9. Number and characteristic of chemical or pesticide-related injury logged in

company records for the last 5 years: ___________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

E. High or Low Temperatures (Including possible effects of heat-stress)

1. Are there sources of high temperature in the workplace? Yes / No

2. Are there sources of low temperature in the workplace? Yes / No

3. Are welding operations performed by employees in the work area? Yes / No

4. Are compressed gasses used in the workplace? Yes / No

5. Could skin or eye injuries occur from any of the above hazards? Yes / No

6. Could temperature extremes adversely affect the PPE chosen? Yes / No

7. Could the use of PPE cause heat-related illness? Yes / No

8. Number and characteristic of this type injury logged in company records for the last

5 years: __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

F. Harmful Dust or Particulates

1. Are there sources of breathable dust or particulate? Yes / No

2. If YES, list the sources of the hazard(s): _________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3. Number and characteristic of this type of injury logged in company records for the

last 5 years? _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

G. Light (optical) Radiation

1. Are welding, brazing or cutting operations performed in this workplace? Yes / No

2. Are furnaces operated in this workplace? Yes / No

3. Are there high intensity light sources? Yes / No

4. Are any lasers used in this workplace? Yes / No

5. Number of this type injury logged in company records for the last 5 years? ______

_________________________________________________________________

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Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I

H. Other

1. Electrical

1. Are there exposed electrical conductors in the work area? Yes / No

2. Can employees come into contact with these conductors? Yes / No

2. Workplace Layout Hazards: ___________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3. Drowning Hazards: _________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

4. Slip, Trip & Fall Hazards: _____________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

5. Other Safety Issues/ Recommendations _________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

The following list of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is recommended while working in

this assessed job / work area: (check all that apply)

Hand/ Arm Protection

_____Chemical Resistant Gloves/Sleeves (What chemicals?) ___________________

______________________________________________________________

_____Cut Resistant Gloves/Sleeves

_____Heat Resistant Gloves/Sleeves

_____Electrical Protective Gloves/Sleeves

_____Long Sleeves

_____Leather Work Gloves

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Head Protection

_____Hard Hat: Class A_____ Class B_____ Class C_____ Other _____

_____Welding Hood (Also, see recommended filter lens rating, under “Eye and Face”)

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Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I

_____Cap or head covering (to restrain hair)

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Foot /Leg Protection

_____Shoe Covers

_____Rubber Boots

_____Chemical Resistant.(What chemical?) ________________________________

______________________________________________________________

_____Steel toed.

_____Steel shank

_____Metatarsal Guards

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Eye and Face Protection

_____Goggles, ____Chemical protective

_____Safety Glasses

_____Side Shields

_____Face Shield, Screen ___________ Reflective ______________

_____Shaded Spectacles, Filter lenses rating __________________________

_____Welding Helmet, Filter lenses rating __________________________

_____Welding Shield

_____Welding Goggles, Filter lenses rating __________________________

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Is Hearing Protection used by employees in this area?

_____Required by employer? NRR needed: ________________________

_____Ear Plugs NRR __________________________________________

_____Ear Muffs NRR __________________________________________

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Protective Equipment

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Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I

Chemical Protective Clothing (Choose materials based on exposure to specific chemicals)

_____Lab Coat

_____Smock

_____Apron, Made of: _______________________________________

_____Coveralls, Made of: _______________________________________

_____Level A Suit, Made of: _______________________________________

_____Level B Suit, Made of: _______________________________________

_____Level C Suit, Made of: _______________________________________

_____Rain Suit, Made of: _______________________________________

Is Respiratory Protection used by employees in this area?

_____Required by employer? _____Voluntary use?

Contaminant(s): _______________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Level of exposure: _____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

_____IDLH?

_____NIOSH-approved “Dust Mask”/Filtering Face Piece

_____Type N _____Type R _____Type P

Rating_____95_____99_____99.99

_____Air Purifying Respirator, _____half mask _____full-face mask

Specify Cartridge(s): ______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

_____Supplied Air System

_____Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Flotation Devices

_____Life Vest

_____Buoyant Work Vest

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Traffic Safety (High Visibility) Clothing

_____Reflective Vest

Protective Equipment

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Appendix A to Subdivision 4/I

_____Reflective Suit

_____Other: (list) _____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Other Recommended Personal Protective Equipment PPE (specify): __________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Standards or Reference Documents Used: _______________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: OR-OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

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Historical Notes

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Historical Notes

Historical Notes for Subdivision I

Notes are included in the full compilation of the Division 4 Administrative Rules.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Chapter 437

Division 4

Agriculture

Work Environment

Subdivision

Administrative

Order 2-2023

Pursuant to Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 654, The Oregon Safe Employment Act (OSEAct), the

Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, Occupational Safety and Health Division (Oregon

OSHA), adopted these rules.

The Secretary of State designated Oregon Administrative Rules Chapter 437 as the Oregon Occupational

Safety and Health Division Rules. Six subject areas are designated as “Divisions” of these rules.

• Division 1 Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act

• Division 2 General Occupational Safety and Health Rules

• Division 3 Construction

• Division 4 Agriculture

• Division 5 Maritime Activities

• Division 7 Forest Activities

Oregon-initiated rules are numbered in a uniform system developed by the Secretary of State. This system

does not number the rules in sequence (001, 002, 003, etc.). Omitted numbers may be assigned to new

rules at the time of their adoption.

Oregon-initiated rules are arranged in the following codification structure prescribed by the Secretary of

State for Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR):

Chapter Division Subdivision Rule Section Paragraphs

437 004 N 0221 (1) (a)(A)(i)(I)

Cite as 437-004-0221(1)(a)

Many of the Oregon OSHA rules are adopted by reference from the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR),

and are arranged in the following federal numbering system:

Part Subpart Section Paragraphs

(Subdivision)

1910 N .176 (a)(1)(i)(A)(1)(i)

Cite as 1910.176(a)(1)

The terms “subdivision” and “subpart” are synonymous within OAR 437, Oregon Occupational Safety and

Health rules.

These rules are available for viewing in the Office of the Secretary of State, Oregon State Archives

Building, Salem, Oregon.

These rules are available in electronic and printable formats at osha.oregon.gov.

Printed copies of these rules are available at:

Department of Consumer & Business Services

Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division (Oregon OSHA)

350 Winter St. NE

Salem, OR 97301-3882

Or call the Oregon OSHA Resource Library at 503-378-3272.

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Table of Contents

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Table of Contents

437-004-1105 Sanitation ................................................................................................ 5

437-004-1110 Field Sanitation for Hand Labor Work ..................................................... 8

437-004-1115 Repealed ............................................................................................... 11

437-004-1120 Agricultural Labor Housing and Related Facilities ................................. 11

437-004-1131 Heat Illness Prevention ......................................................................... 31

Appendix A - Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention .......................................... 41

437-004-1140 Lighting ................................................................................................. 47

437-004-1150 Safety Colors for Marking Physical Hazards ......................................... 47

437-004-1180 Accident Prevention Signs .................................................................... 47

437-004-1250 Confined and Hazardous Spaces.......................................................... 49

437-004-1260 Manure Lagoons, Storage Ponds, Vats, Pits and Separators ............... 54

437-004-1275 The Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout) ............................. 55

Appendix A – Typical Minimal Lockout Procedure ................................................................ 65

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437-004-1105

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437-004-1105 (1)(d)

437-004-1105 Sanitation

(1) General.

(a) Scope. This applies to permanent agricultural places of employment under

conditions not covered by other standards such as OAR 437-004-1110, Field

Sanitation and OAR 437-004-9990, Worker Protection Standard.

(b) Definitions applicable to this section.

Non-water carriage toilet facility is a toilet facility not connected to a sewer.

Number of employees is, unless otherwise stated, the maximum number of

employees present at any one time on a regular shift.

Potable water is water meeting the bacteriological and chemical quality

requirements in the OAR Chapter 333, Division 61, Public Water Systems, of

the Oregon State Health Division.

Sanitary means free from agents harmful to health.

Toilet facility is a fixture in a toilet room for defecation, urination, or both.

Toilet room is a room with toilet facilities in or on any place of employment.

Toxic material is a material in concentration or amount that exceeds the

applicable limit established by a standard, or, lacking an applicable standard,

is so toxic as to be a recognized hazard that is causing or is likely to cause

death or serious physical harm.

Urinal is a toilet facility in a toilet room for the sole purpose of urination.

Water closet is a toilet in a toilet room for both defecation and urination and

flushed with water.

Wet process is any process or operation that normally results in employee

walking or working surfaces becoming wet.

(A) Keep all work areas as clean as the work allows.

(B) Work area floors must be kept as dry as conditions allow. Where there are

wet processes, there must be drainage or false floors, platforms, mats, or

other dry standing places, where practicable. Otherwise, provide waterproof

shoes or boots.

(d) Waste disposal.

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437-004-1105 (4)

(A) Any container for solid or liquid waste or refuse that could rot or decompose

must not leak. It must be cleanable, sanitary and have a solid tight-fitting

cover unless it can be kept sanitary without one.

(B) Remove sweepings, solid or liquid wastes, refuse, and garbage to avoid

creating a health hazard and often enough to keep the work area sanitary.

(2) Disposal of waste materials.

(a) Do not allow scrap, waste material or debris to accumulate in work areas.

(b) Remove flammable waste, such as oily rags, or keep it in containers designed or

suitable for it.

must have suitable collecting or removal systems. If the refuse is unsuitable for

removal that way, find a safe method of temporary storage and regular removal.

(3) Water supply.

(a) Potable water.

(A) Every work area must have potable water for drinking and washing.

(B) Portable drinking water dispensers must be kept sanitary. They must be

capable of being closed and have a tap.

water.

(D) Do not use common drinking cups and other common utensils.

(b) Non-potable water.

(A) Outlets for non-potable water must have markings that clearly state that the

water is unsafe and is not for drinking, washing, or use with or on food.

(B) Non-potable water systems or systems carrying any other non-potable

substance must prevent backflow or back siphonage into a potable water

system.

eating utensils, or clothing. Clean work areas, other than food processing

and preparation areas and personal service rooms, with non-potable water

only if it has no chemicals, fecal coliform, or other substances that could

create unsanitary conditions or be harmful to employees.

Note: Water supply systems design and construction standards are in the Oregon Health

Division rules, OAR Chapter 333, Division 61, Public Water Systems.

(4) Toilet facilities.

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437-004-1105 (4)(a)

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437-004-1105 (6)

(a) General.

(A) Except as otherwise stated in this paragraph, there must be toilet facilities

that comply with Table 1, in toilet rooms separate for each sex. Base the

number of facilities for each sex on the number of employees of that sex.

You do not need separate rooms for each sex if the toilet rooms are for one

person at a time, can be locked from the inside, and have at least one water

closet. Where single-occupancy rooms have more than one toilet facility,

count only one facility in each toilet room when using Table 1.

Table 1

Minimum number of water closets

(1)

1 to 15

16 to 35

36 to 55

56 to 80

81 to 110

111 to 150

Over 150

(2)

(1)

If women will not be using the toilet facilities, there may be urinals

instead of water closets. The number of water closets must not be

less than 2/3 of the minimum specified.

(2)

One additional fixture for each additional 40 employees.

(B) The requirements of (4)(a)(A) above do not apply to mobile crews or to

normally unattended work locations if employees have transportation

immediately available to nearby toilet facilities that meet the requirements of

this subparagraph.

(b) Construction of toilet rooms. Each water closet must be in a separate

compartment with a door and walls or partitions between fixtures high enough to

assure privacy.

accessible.

(5) Washing facilities. Work areas must have adequate facilities or supplies for cleaning

hands.

(6) Change rooms. When a standard requires employees to wear protective clothing

because of the possibility of contamination with toxic materials, you must provide

change rooms with storage facilities for street clothes and separate storage facilities for

the protective clothing. This does not apply to outdoor work.

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437-004-1110 (3)

(7) Consumption of food and beverages on the premises. This applies only where

employees are permitted to eat on the premises.

(a) Do not allow workers to eat in a toilet room or in any area exposed to a toxic

material.

(b) Provide receptacles made of smooth, corrosion resistant, easily cleanable, or

disposable materials for the disposal of waste food. Do not allow them to become

over filled. Empty them daily unless unused and keep them clean. They must have

a solid tight-fitting cover unless they can be kept clean without a cover.

material, medicines or live virus.

(8) Vermin control. Every enclosed workplace must be built and maintained, as much as

practicable, to prevent rodents, insects, and other vermin from entering or living in it.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

437-004-1110 Field Sanitation for Hand Labor Work

(1) Scope. This applies to any agricultural establishment where employees do hand-labor

operations in the field.

(2) Exceptions. These rules do not apply to:

(a) Logging operations;

(b) The care or feeding of livestock;

houses); or

(d) Machine operators working entirely separate from hand-labor operations.

(3) Definitions.

Agricultural employer – See universal definition in 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Agricultural establishment – See universal definition in 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Hand labor operation – means agricultural activities or agricultural operations

performed by hand or with hand tools, including:

(A) Hand-cultivation, hand-weeding, hand-planting, and hand-harvesting of

vegetables, nuts, fruits, seedlings, or other crops (including mushrooms);

(B) Hand packing or sorting, whether done on the ground, on a moving machine, or in

a temporary packing shed in the field; and

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437-004-1110 (6)(c)(C)

when such activity is in conjunction with other hand-labor operators.

Handwashing facility – means a facility providing either a basin, container, or outlet

with an adequate supply of potable water, soap, and single-use towels.

Potable water – is water meeting the bacteriological and chemical quality requirements

in the OAR Chapter 333, Division 61 Public Water Systems, of the Oregon State

Health Division.

Note: OAR Chapter 333, Division 61 defines potable water as “Safe Drinking Water – water which

has sufficiently low concentrations of microbiological, inorganic chemical, organic chemical,

radiological, or physical substances so that individuals drinking such water at normal levels of

consumption, will not be exposed to disease organisms or other substances that may produce

harmful physiological effects.”

Toilet facility – means a fixed or portable facility designed for adequate collection and

containment of the products of both defecation and urination. Toilet facility

includes biological, chemical, flush, and combustion toilets and sanitary privies.

(4) General requirements. Agricultural employers must provide and pay for everything

required by this section for employees doing hand-labor operations in the field.

(5) Potable drinking water.

(a) Provide potable water that is available immediately to all employees.

(b) The water must be suitably cool and in sufficient amounts, taking into account the

air temperature, humidity, and the nature of the work, to meet the needs of all

employees.

common drinking cups or dippers.

(6) Toilet and handwashing facilities.

(a) Provide one toilet facility and one handwashing facility for each 20 employees or

fraction thereof.

(b) Toilet facilities must have adequate ventilation, appropriate screens, self-closing

doors that close and latch from the inside and ensure privacy.

(A) Structures must be free of hazards, in good repair and be stable.

(B) Except for urinals, multiple units must have separate compartments with

doors with inside latches to ensure privacy.

separate urinals.

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437-004-1110 (6)(d)

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437-004-1110 (9)

(d) Privies and portable toilets built after the effective date of these rules must comply

with the rules of the Department of Environmental Quality.

(e) Provide toilet facilities for each sex, where practicable. Distinctly mark them

“women” and “men” in English and in the native language of employees expected

to work in the fields or with easily understood pictures or symbols.

(f) The employer must ensure that for each toilet facility:

(A) There is enough toilet paper to meet the workers’ needs during the shift; and

(B) There are toilet paper holders or dispensers for each seat.

(g) Locate toilet and handwashing facilities adjacent to each other and no more than a

5 minute or a 1/4-mile (1,320 feet) unobstructed walk from each hand laborer’s

place of work in the field.

(h) Where, due to terrain, it is not feasible to locate facilities as in (g) above, the

facilities must be at the point of closest vehicular access.

(7) Maintenance.

(a) Potable drinking water and toilet and handwashing facilities must comply with

appropriate public health sanitation practices.

(b) Drinking water containers must be made of materials that maintain water quality.

Refill them daily or more often as necessary and keep them covered and clean.

(d) Empty and recharge chemical toilets prior to the start of each season of operation

and at least every 6 months thereafter during use or when the tank is three-

quarters full, whichever occurs first.

(e) Where crops intended for human consumption are produced, toilets must not

contaminate crops.

(f) Refill handwashing facilities with potable water as necessary to ensure an

adequate supply and maintain them in a clean and sanitary condition.

(g) Disposal of wastes from facilities, including handwashing water and towels, must

not cause unsanitary conditions or contamination of crops.

(8) Field sanitation notice. Employers that grow or harvest food crops for human

consumption must post a notice describing the requirements of these rules and advising

where workers may file complaints regarding field sanitation matters. It must be in the

language of the majority of the workers.

(9) Reasonable use.

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437-004-1120 (1)(b)

(a) The employer must notify each employee of the location of the sanitation facilities

and water, and allow each employee reasonable opportunities during the workday

to use them. The employer must inform each employee of the importance of good

hygiene practices to minimize exposure to the hazards in the field from heat,

communicable diseases, retention of urine and agrichemical residues, including,

but not limited to the following:

(A) Using the water and facilities provided for drinking, handwashing, and

elimination;

(B) Drinking water frequently, especially on hot days;

(D) Washing hands both before and after using the toilet; and

(E) Washing hands before eating and smoking.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

OSHA 4-2011, adopt filed 12/08/2011, effective 12/08/2011

437-004-1115 Repealed

Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2), 654.035 & 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 1-2021, adopt filed 04/30/2021, effective 04/30/2021

OSHA 4-2021, temporary amend filed 06/30/2021, effective 06/30/2021 through 12/26/2021

OSHA 15-2021, adopt filed 12/21/2021, effective 12/21/2021

OSHA 2-2022, temporary amend filed 4/13/2022, effective 4/13/2022

OSHA 6-2022, adopt filed 10/6/2022, effective 10/7/202

OR-OSHA Temporary Administrative Order 1-2023, filed 3/30/23, effective 4/3/23

OR-OSHA Administrative Order 2-2023, filed. 8/16/23, effective 8/17/23

437-004-1120 Agricultural Labor Housing and Related Facilities

(1) Application.

(a) These rules apply to any place, or area of land, where there are living areas,

manufactured or prefabricated homes or dwellings or other housing provided by a

farmer, farm labor contractor, agricultural employer or other person in connection

with the recruitment of workers on an agricultural establishment.

(b) These rules apply to any type of labor housing and related facilities together with

the tract of land, established, or to be established, operated or maintained for

housing workers with or without families whether or not rent is paid or collected.

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437-004-1120 (4)(c)

construction of sleeping places, unless they comply with ORS 446.155 to 446.185

and OAR 918-500-0020(2) that have the requirements and specifications for

sanitation and safety design for manufactured dwellings.

(d) These rules apply to housing given to, rented, leased to or otherwise provided to

employees for use while employed and provided or allowed either by the

employer, a representative of the employer or a housing operator.

(e) These rules, unless otherwise stated, apply to all occupants of the labor housing

and facilities.

(f) These rules apply to all labor housing sites owned, operated, or allowed to operate

on property under the jurisdiction of any state or municipal authority.

(g) Violations relating to the occupants’ personal housekeeping practices in facilities

that are not common use will not result in citations to the employer.

(h) For the purposes of OAR 437-004-1120, labor contractors as defined in ORS

658.405 are employers.

(2) These rules do not apply to:

(a) hotels or motels that provide similar housing commercially to the public on the

same terms as they do to workers.

(b) accommodations subject to licensing as manufactured dwelling parks,

organizational camps, traveler’s accommodations or recreation vehicle parks and

open to the general public on the same terms.

because of the work when at parks or camps meant for parking mobile vehicles

and open to the general public on the same terms.

(3) Charging occupants for required services. Operators may not charge for services

required by this rule (OAR 437-004-1120). This prohibits pay-per-use toilets, pay-per-

use bathing facilities or any other method of paying for individual service requirements.

(4) Definitions.

(a) Clean means the absence of soil or dirt or removal of soil or dirt by washing,

sweeping, clearing away, or any method appropriate to the material at hand.

(b) Common use facilities are those for use by occupants of more than one housing

unit or by occupants of dormitory-style housing.

store, prepare, cook, and eat their own food.

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437-004-1120 (4)(m)

(d) Dining hall is an eating place with food furnished by and prepared under the

direction of the operator for consumption, with or without charge, of the occupants.

(e) Facility means a living area, drinking water installation, toilet installation, sewage

disposal installation, food handling installation, or other installation required for

compliance with the labor housing and related facility rules.

(f) Garbage means food wastes, food packaging materials or any refuse that has

been in contact with food stuffs.

(g) Housing site is a place where there are living areas.

(h) Livestock operation is any place, establishment or facility with pens or other

enclosures in which livestock is kept for purposes including, but not limited to,

feeding, milking, slaughter, watering, weighing, sorting, receiving, and shipping.

Livestock operations include, among other things, dairy farms, corrals,

slaughterhouses, feedlots, and stockyards. Operations where livestock can roam

on a pasture over a distance are outside this definition.

(i) Living area is any room, structure, shelter, tent, manufactured home or dwelling

or prefabricated structure, vehicle or other place housing one or more persons.

(j) Manufactured dwelling is a residential trailer, built before January 1, 1962, for

movement on the highway, that has sleeping, cooking and plumbing facilities; or, a

mobile home, constructed for movement on the highway, that has sleeping,

cooking and plumbing facilities, built between January 1, 1962 and June 15, 1976

and meeting the requirements of Oregon mobile home law in effect at the time of

construction.

(k) Manufactured home is a structure built for movement on the highway that has

sleeping, cooking and plumbing facilities and is used as a residence. Built on or

after June 15, 1976 to comply with federal manufactured housing standards and

regulations in effect at the time of construction. More information on these

definitions is in ORS 446.003(26).

(l) Operator means any person or company that operates labor housing and/or

related facilities.

(m) Potable water is water meeting the bacteriological and other requirements of the

Public Health Division of the Oregon Department of Human Services.

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437-004-1120 (5)(b)(A)

(n) Prefabricated structure means a building or subassembly which has been in

whole or substantial part manufactured or assembled using closed construction at

an off-site location to be wholly or partially assembled on-site; but does not include

a manufactured home or dwelling. Prefabricated structures are manufactured in

accordance with the Oregon state building code and rules adopted by the Building

Codes Division of the Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services in

OAR 918-674.

(o) Privy is the same as outhouse or pit toilet but is not the same as portable toilets.

(p) Recyclable material means containers that are returnable for refund of a deposit

or materials gathered as part of a recycling program.

(q) Refuse includes waste materials such as paper, metal, discarded items, as well as

debris, litter and trash.

(r) Sanitary means free from agents that may be injurious to health.

(s) Sewage means the water-carried human and animal wastes, including kitchen,

bath, and laundry wastes from residences, buildings, industrial establishments, or

other places, together with such ground-water infiltration, surface waters, or

industrial wastes as may be present.

(t) Toilet room is a room in or on the premises of any labor housing, with toilet

facilities for use by employees and occupants of that housing.

(5) Housing registration requirements.

(a) ORS 658.7050 requires the operator of Agricultural Labor Housing and Related

Facilities to register such housing with Oregon OSHA as in (b) below, except the

following as defined by ORS 658.705:

(A) housing occupied solely by members of the same family,

(B) housing occupied by five or fewer unrelated persons, or

OSHA considers “production of crops” to mean production of farm crops for

sale”).

(b) Each year, before occupancy, the operator or employer must register agricultural

labor housing and related facilities with Oregon OSHA as set out below.

(A) The operator must contact Oregon OSHA at least 45 days before the first

day of operation or occupancy of the housing and related facilities.

Instructions and additional information will come later by mail.

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437-004-1120 (5)(e)(B)

(B) If the housing and related facilities were not registered in the previous year,

the operator must call Oregon OSHA to request a consultation visit to the

housing. Oregon OSHA will register housing and related facilities not

previously registered only after a pre-occupancy consultation that finds the

housing or facility to be substantially in compliance with all applicable safety

and health rules.

facilities since the last registration, Oregon OSHA may, at its discretion, refer

the employer for a consultation prior to re-registering the housing and

facilities.

(D) Once registered, the operator must display the registration certificate

provided by Oregon OSHA in a place frequented by employees. The

operator must also provide and display a translation of the certificate in the

language or languages used to communicate with employees.

may revoke a labor housing and related facilities registration if Oregon OSHA

determines that any of the following apply:

(A) The application had any negligent or willful material misrepresentation, or

false statement.

(B) The conditions under which the registration was accepted no longer exist or

have changed.

applicable safety and health rules.

(d) When Oregon OSHA revokes the registration of agricultural labor housing and

related facilities, operators or their agents have 30 days to file a written appeal. On

receipt of such appeal, the Director of the Department of Consumer and Business

Services will hold a contested case hearing on that appeal under ORS 183.413, et

seq.

(e) Any group or individual may protest the proposed registration, continued

registration or renewal of any labor housing and related facilities registration under

the following conditions:

(A) The signed and dated protest must be submitted in writing and received by

the Director before issuance of the registration or renewal.

(B) The protest must include the name, address and phone number of the

individual or group filing it.

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subject of the protest, including the exact physical location and name of the

applicant.

(D) The protest must clearly state the facts and reasons for the protest. Such

facts and reasons must be based on factors that are within the scope of ORS

654, ORS 658.705 through 658.850 and any relevant regulations.

(E) When the above provisions are met, such group or individual may participate

in the contested case as a party or limited party under OAR 137-003-0005.

(6) Site requirements.

(a) The grounds of labor housing and related facilities must be substantially free from

waste water, sewage, garbage, recyclable material, refuse or noxious plants such

as poison oak and poison ivy.

(b) During housing occupancy, grass, weeds and brush must be cut back at least 30

feet from buildings.

flooding when occupied.

(d) Adequately dispose of the waste water and food waste under outside water

hydrants.

(e) The operator of labor housing is responsible for the maintenance and operation of

the housing and its facilities.

(f) Store all toxic materials such as pesticides, fertilizers, paints and solvents in a safe

place.

(g) Do not leave empty pesticide containers such as drums, bags, cans, or bottles in

the housing area.

(h) Prevent or control the breeding of mosquitoes, flies, and rodents in the immediate

housing area and within 200 feet of any labor housing and related facilities owned

or under lawful control or supervision of the operator.

(i) Do not locate labor housing within 500 feet of livestock operations unless the

employees in the housing are employed to tend or otherwise work with the

animals.

Note: This is does not apply to animals owned by the housing occupants.

(j) Provide electricity to all housing units and related facilities. Subdivision 4/S,

Electricity applies to ALH.

(k) Extension cords or plug strips must have circuit breaker or fuse protection either

as part of the set or part of the building wiring.

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437-004-1120 (7)(g)

(l) Facilities built or remodeled before December 15, 1989, must have a ceiling or

wall-type electric light fixture in working order and at least one wall-type electrical

outlet in every living area. Facilities built or remodeled after that date must comply

with the code in effect at the time of construction or remodeling.

(m) Provide a ceiling or wall-type electric light in toilet rooms, lavatories, shower or

bathing rooms, laundry rooms, hallways, stairways, the common eating area or

other hazardous dark areas.

(n) Light privies either directly or indirectly from an outside light source.

(o) Provide enough light in corridors and walkways to allow safe travel at night.

(p) Each housing site must have its street numbers displayed to be easily visible to

responding emergency vehicles on public highways or roads.

(q) The lowest point of wooden floor structures must be at least 12 inches above

ground.

(7) Water supply.

(a) All domestic water furnished at labor housing and related facilities must conform to

the standards of the Public Health Division of the Oregon Department of Human

Services. The site water system must supply at least 15 psi at the outlet end of all

water lines regardless of the number of outlets in use.

(b) Have a bacteriological analysis done on the water before occupancy and as often

as needed to assure a potable water supply, except when the water comes from a

community water system.

washing, bathing and domestic use. An ample supply is at least 35 gallons of

water per day per occupant.

(d) Arrange, construct and if necessary, periodically disinfect the water storage and

distribution facilities to satisfactorily protect the water from contamination. Install all

new plumbing in labor housing and related facilities to comply with the Oregon

state building code.

(e) When potable water is not available in each dwelling unit, there must be a potable

water source within 100 feet of each unit and there must be a working, clean

drinking fountain for each 100 occupants or fraction thereof.

(f) Post as, “Unsafe for drinking,” non-potable water that is accessible to occupants.

The posting must be in the language of the camp occupants or with a universal

symbol.

(g) Portable water containers with spigots and tight fitting lids are acceptable for

providing and storing drinking water in the housing.

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(A) These containers must be made of impervious non-toxic materials that

protect the water from contamination.

(B) Wash and sanitize them at least every 7 days.

(h) Do not use containers such as barrels, pails or tanks that require dipping or

pouring to get the water.

(i) Do not use cups, dippers or other utensils for common drinking purposes.

(j) Do not allow cross connection between a system furnishing water for drinking

purposes and a non-potable supply.

(8) Bathing, hand washing, laundry, and toilet facilities – General.

(a) Provide an adequate supply of hot and cold water under pressure for all common

use bathing, hand washing, and laundry facilities at all labor housing and related

facilities.

(b) In installations with bathing, laundry facilities, or flush toilets, the floor and walls

must be of readily cleanable finish and impervious to moisture.

sanitary and operating properly.

(d) Buildings for common use bathing, hand washing, laundry, and toilet facilities must

have heating capable of keeping the facility at 68 degrees or more during use.

(9) Bathing facilities.

(a) Provide drains in all showers to remove waste water. Slope floors so they drain. Do

not use slippery materials for flooring.

(b) Provide at least one shower head with hot and cold water under pressure for every

10 occupants or fraction thereof. Unisex shower rooms are acceptable in the same

ratios. They must have working locks and provide privacy.

by a solid, non-absorbent wall extending from the floor to the ceiling.

(d) Mark separate sex bathing facilities, if provided, with “women” and “men” in English

and in the native language of employees expected to occupy the housing or with

easily understood pictures or symbols.

(10) Hand washing facilities.

(a) Provide at least one hand washing sink or basin with hot and cold water under

pressure for every 6 occupants or fraction thereof. Each 24 linear inches of

“trough” type sink with individual faucets counts as one basin. When each living

unit does not have hand washing facilities, locate common use facilities either

close to the toilet facilities or close to the sleeping places.

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AO 2-2023

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437-004-1120 (12)(h)

(b) In common use facilities, do not use a single common towel. If you provide paper

towels, there must be a container for their disposal.

(11) Laundry facilities.

(a) Provide laundry trays, tubs, or machines with plumbed hot and cold water in the

combined ratio of 1 for each 30 occupants or each part of 30.

(b) Provide clothes lines or drying facilities to serve the needs of the occupants.

(d) Each common use laundry room must have a slop sink.

(12) Toilet facilities.

(a) Locate toilet facilities in labor housing and related facilities within 200 feet from the

living area that they serve.

(b) Locate toilets, chemical toilets, or urinals in rooms built for that purpose.

standing water from each living area to the common use toilet facilities.

(d) Provide at least one toilet for every 15 occupants or fraction thereof for each

gender in the labor housing. Toilets must assure privacy.

(A) If urinals are in the toilet facility and where three or more toilets are required

for men, one urinal substitutes for one toilet (24 inches of trough-type urinal

equals one urinal), to a maximum of one-third of the total required toilets.

(B) Existing urinals must be non-absorbent, non-corrosive materials that have a

smooth and cleanable finish. Urinals installed after the effective date of this

standard must meet Oregon state building code.

without regard to gender.

(e) Clean common use toilet facilities daily or more often when needed to maintain

sanitation.

(f) Mark separate sex toilet facilities, when provided, with “women” and “men” in

English and in the native language of employees expected to occupy the housing

or with easily understood pictures or symbols.

(g) Ventilate all labor housing toilet rooms according to the Oregon state building

code.

(h) Separate common use toilet facilities used for both sexes in the same building by

a solid, non-absorbent wall extending from the floor to the ceiling.

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437-004-1120 (15)(c)

(i) Install privacy partitions between each individual toilet or toilet seat in multiple

toilet facilities. The partitions may be less than the height of the room walls.

(A) The top of the partition must be not less than 6 feet from the floor and the

bottom of the partition not more than 1-foot from the floor. The width of the

partition must extend at least 1 1/2 feet beyond the front of the toilet seat.

(B) Provide a door or curtain so the toilet compartment is private.

(j) Provide common use toilet facilities with toilet paper and holders or dispensers.

Also provide disposal containers with lids.

(k) Do not allow obstruction of the path or access to a toilet room. If access is through

another room, that room must not be lockable.

(13) Portable toilets, chemical toilets and privies.

(a) The location and construction of privies must conform to Oregon Department of

Environmental Quality standards.

(b) Privies must be at least 100 feet from any living area or any facility where food is

prepared or served.

(d) When in use, service portable and chemical toilets at least weekly or often enough

to keep them from becoming a health hazard. Clean portable toilets, chemical

toilets and privies at least daily.

(14) Sewage disposal and plumbing.

(a) Connect the sewer lines from the labor housing and related facilities to a

community sewer system, a septic tank with subsurface disposal of the effluent, pit

type privies or other sanitary means conforming to Department of Environmental

Quality standards.

(b) Install all plumbing in labor housing and related facilities to comply with

Department of Environmental Quality standards and the Oregon state building

code.

(15) Garbage and refuse disposal outside of buildings.

Note: Recyclable material is not garbage or refuse referred to in this section (15).

(a) Keep refuse and garbage containers clean and in good repair.

(b) Provide at least one 30-gallon or larger container per 15 occupants. Containers

must be inside the housing site area and accessible to all occupants.

they become a health hazard or full enough to interfere with full closing of the lid.

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437-004-1120 (16)(d)(A)(ii)

(d) Empty common use cans and portable containers into a bin or dumpster, when full

or twice weekly whichever is more frequent. Do not allow garbage on the ground.

(e) Keep all refuse and garbage containers covered and the garbage storage area

clean to control flies and rodents.

(f) Do not burn any food, garbage or wet refuse.

(g) Dispose of garbage and refuse according to Department of Environmental Quality

standards that govern the disposal of garbage, refuse and other solid wastes.

(16) Living areas.

(a) Keep all living areas, safe and in good repair structurally and stable on their

foundations. They must provide shelter for the occupants against the elements

and protect the occupants from ground and surface water as well as rodents and

insects.

(b) The walls and roof must be tight and solid. Floors must be rigid and durable, with a

smooth and cleanable finish in good repair.

operator must supply portable heaters at no cost to the occupant. These heaters

must be capable of keeping the temperature in the living area at a minimum of 68

degrees. Heaters must meet these requirements:

(A) Operate by electricity only.

(B) Have working safety devices installed by the manufacturer for the particular

type heater.

unsafe.

(d) Permanently installed solid fuel or gas fired heaters must meet the following:

(A) Install and vent any stoves or other sources of heat that use combustible fuel

to prevent fire hazards and dangerous concentration of gases.

(i) Solid or liquid fuel heaters or stoves installed on or before December

15, 1989, must sit on a concrete slab, insulated metal sheet or other fire

resistant material when used in a room with wood or other combustible

flooring. Extend it at least 18 inches beyond the perimeter of the base

of the stove.

(ii) Solid or liquid fuel heaters or stoves must meet the manufacturer’s

specifications and the Oregon state building code in effect at the time of

installation.

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437-004-1120 (16)(j)

(B) Install fire resistant material on any wall or ceiling within 18 inches of a solid

or liquid fuel stove or a stove pipe. Provide a vented metal collar around the

stovepipe, or vent passing through a wall, ceiling, floor or roof or combustible

material.

failure or interruption of the flame or ignition, or when they exceed a pre-

determined safe temperature or pressure.

(D) All gas appliances and gas piping must comply with the Oregon state

building code in effect at time of installation and the manufacturer’s

instructions.

(E) Do not locate stoves so they block escape from a sleeping place.

(e) Provide screens of at least 16 mesh on the doors and windows of the living area.

All screen doors must be tight-fitting, in good repair, and self-closing.

(f) Provide beds, bunks or cots for each occupant and suitable storage facilities, such

as wall cabinets or shelves, for each occupant or family unit.

(A) The camp operator must provide a mattress or pad for each bed or bunk.

(B) If you provide foam pads, they must be thicker than 2 inches.

(D) Mattresses or pads must not sit on the floor.

(E) The sleeping surface must be at least 12 inches above the floor.

(g) Mattresses or pads furnished by the camp operator must be clean, in good repair,

and free from insects and parasites.

(A) Fumigate mattresses or pads, used uncovered, or treat with an effective

insecticide before each season’s occupancy. If you provide covers, clean

them before each season’s occupancy.

(B) Store mattresses or pads in a clean, dry place.

(h) Space the beds, bunks or cots so that there is enough room to allow for rapid and

safe exiting during an emergency.

Note: Do not count children 2 years old and younger when calculating square footage requirements

in paragraphs (i), (j), (k), and (l).

(i) In living areas built after August 1, 1975, where workers cook, live, and sleep,

provide at least 100 square feet per occupant.

(j) In living areas built before August 1, 1975, where workers cook, live and sleep,

provide at least 60 square feet per occupant.

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AO 2-2023

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437-004-1120 (17)(c)

(k) Each sleeping room without double bunk beds must have at least 50 square feet

of floor space per employee. Where there are double bunk beds, provide 40

square feet per occupant. Do not use triple bunks.

(l) Beginning on January 1, 2018 all agricultural labor housing, where workers cook,

live and sleep in the same area, must provide 100 square feet per occupant.

(m) For units built after April 3, 1980 at least one-half the required floor space in each

living area must have a minimum ceiling height of 7 feet. Floor space with a ceiling

height less than 5 feet does not count toward the minimum required floor space.

(n) Beginning on January 1, 2018 only areas with a 7 foot ceiling height will count

toward the required square footage of any living or sleeping area. Housing built or

remodeled between January 26, 2009 and January 1, 2018 must have minimum 7-

foot high ceilings for the space to count toward any required square footage.

(o) Provide separate private sleeping areas for unrelated persons of each sex and for

each family unit.

(p) Provide windows or skylights with a total area equal to at least 10 percent of the

required floor area. At least one-half (nominal) the total required window or skylight

area must be openable to the outside. Adequate mechanical ventilation may

substitute for openable window space. Not more than one-half the required space

can be met with skylights. Openable, screened windows in doors count toward this

requirement.

(q) Before occupancy clean all living areas and eliminate any rodents, insects, and

animal parasites.

(17) Fire protection.

(a) All fires must be in equipment designed for that use. Do not allow open fires within

25 feet of structures.

(b) Each season, at the time of initial occupancy, each living area must have a

working approved smoke detector.

Note: The camp operator is not responsible for daily maintenance of the detector or the actions of

occupants that defeat its function.

50 feet from each housing unit. The equipment must provide protection equal to a

2A:10BC rated extinguisher.

Note: Hoses are acceptable substitutes for extinguishers only if the water supply is constant and

reliable. Hoses must be immediately available for firefighting use.

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437-004-1120 (18)(a)(B)

(d) All living areas with more than one room, built before December 15, 1989, with

one door, must have, in addition to a door, a window in each sleeping room that

can be an exit in case of fire.

(A) This window must have an openable space at least 24 inches by 24 inches,

nominal.

(B) The lowest portion of the opening must be less than 48 inches above the

floor.

the occupants from inside without breaking the glass.

(D) Label the escape window as an emergency exit.

(e) Living areas built on or after December 15, 1989, must meet the requirements for

emergency exits in applicable rules of the Building Codes Division of the Oregon

Department of Consumer and Business Services. Required emergency exit

windows in sleeping rooms must have a clear net opening of at least 5.7 square

feet, minimum vertical opening of 22 inches and minimum horizontal opening of 20

inches.

Note: Construct and maintain all living areas in labor housing and related facilities to comply with

other applicable local and state laws and regulations in effect at the time of construction or

remodel.

(f) A second story must have at least two exits when its occupant load is 10 or more.

Comply with the Oregon state building code.

(g) Occupants on floors above the second story and in basements must have access

to at least two separate exits from the floor or basement as required by the Oregon

state building code.

(18) Common use cooking and eating facilities and equipment.

(a) When provided, common use cooking or food preparation facilities or equipment

must have the following:

(A) A gas or electric refrigerator, capable of keeping food at or below 41 degrees

(B) A minimum equivalent of two cooking burners for every 10 persons or part

thereof, or 2 families, whichever requires the most burners. If a gas or

electric hotplate or wood stove is within 18 inches of a wall, that wall must be

made of or finished with smooth cleanable, nonabsorbent, grease-resistant

and fire-resistant material.

Note: Labeled and listed appliances are exempt from the 18-inch requirement when installed

according to their listing.

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AO 2-2023

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437-004-1120 (19)(a)(C)

building. Outside tanks must connect to appliances with lines approved for

that purpose.

(D) Food storage shelves, food preparation areas, food contact surfaces and

floors in food preparation and serving areas must be made of or finished with

smooth, non-absorbent, cleanable material; and

(E) A table and chairs or equivalent seating and eating arrangements to

accommodate the number of occupants living in the sleeping place.

(b) Refrigerators and stoves or hot plates must always be in working condition.

(d) Common use kitchen and dining areas must be separate from all sleeping

quarters. There can be no direct opening between kitchen or dining areas and any

living or sleeping area.

(e) If the operator becomes aware of or has reason to suspect that anybody

preparing, cooking or serving food has a communicable disease as listed in

paragraph (22), the operator must bar them from the cooking facility until the

disease is no longer communicable.

(f) Buildings must have heating capable of keeping the facility at 68 degrees or more

during use.

(g) Facilities must be in buildings or shelters. Doors, windows and openings, if any,

must have screens of 16 mesh or smaller.

(19) Dining halls and equipment.

(a) When provided, dining halls or equipment must have the following:

(A) A gas or electric refrigerator, capable of keeping food at or below 41 degrees

(B) A minimum equivalent of two cooking burners for every 10 persons or part

thereof, 2 families, whichever requires the most burners. If a gas or electric

hotplate or wood stove is within 18 inches of a wall, that wall must be made

of or finished with smooth cleanable, nonabsorbent, grease-resistant and fire

resistant material.

Note: Labeled and listed appliances are exempt from the 18-inch requirement when installed

according to their listing.

building. Outside tanks must connect to appliances with lines approved for

that purpose.

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437-004-1120 (20)(a)(C)

(D) Food storage shelves, food preparation areas, food contact surfaces and

floors in food preparation and serving areas must be made of or finished with

smooth, non-absorbent, cleanable material; and

(E) A table and chairs or equivalent seating and eating arrangements to

accommodate the number of occupants living in the sleeping place.

(b) Refrigerators and stoves or hot plates must always be in working condition.

(d) Common use kitchen and dining areas must be separate from all sleeping

quarters. There can be no direct opening between kitchen or dining areas and any

living or sleeping area.

(e) If the operator becomes aware of or has reason to suspect that anybody

preparing, cooking or serving food has a communicable disease as listed in

paragraph (22), the operator must bar them from the cooking facility until the

disease is no longer communicable.

(f) Buildings must have heating capable of keeping the facility at 68 degrees or more

during use.

(g) The facility must comply with the 2005 edition of the FDA Food Code.

Note: Follow Division 4, Agriculture when it differs from the FDA Food Code. The code is available

at: https://www.fda.gov/food/fda-food-code/food-code-2005 or contact the Oregon OSHA

Resource Center at 800-922-2689 or in Salem 503-378-3272.

(h) Facilities must be in buildings or shelters. Doors, windows and openings, if any,

must have screens of 16 mesh or smaller.

(20) Single unit cooking facilities.

(a) When provided, single unit cooking, eating and dining facilities or equipment must

have the following:

(A) A gas or electric refrigerator, capable of keeping food at or below 41 degrees

(B) A minimum equivalent of two burners for cooking for every 10 persons or part

thereof, or 2 families, whichever requires the most burners. If a gas or

electric hotplate or wood stove is within 18 inches of a wall, that wall must be

made of or finished with smooth cleanable, nonabsorbent, grease-resistant

and fire resistant material.

Note: Labeled and listed appliances are exempt from the 18-inch requirement when installed

according to their listing.

tanks must connect to appliances with lines approved for that purpose.

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AO 2-2023

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437-004-1120 (22)

(D) Food storage shelves, food preparation areas, food contact surfaces and

floors in food preparation and serving areas made of or finished with smooth,

non-absorbent, cleanable material.

(E) A table and chairs or equivalent seating and eating arrangements to

accommodate the number of occupants living in the sleeping place.

(F) A refrigerator and stove or hot plate in working condition.

(b) Clean the facilities before each occupancy.

(21) First aid. OAR 437-004-1305, Medical and First Aid, applies to all labor housing and

related facilities. This rule includes requirements for first aid supplies, an emergency

medical plan and a plan of communication.

Note: Division 4/K requires all employees know about the first aid requirements and emergency medical

plans. If employees’ native language is other than English, this must be taken into account in

meeting this requirement.

(22) Disease Reporting. The camp operator must comply with Oregon Health Authority’s

OAR 333-018-0000: Who Is Responsible for Reporting and OAR 333-018-0015: What

Is To Be Reported And When.

Note: Each Health Care Provider knowing of or attending a case or suspected case of any of the diseases,

infections, or conditions listed in OAR 333-018-0015 shall report such cases as specified. Where no

Health Care Provider is in attendance, any individual knowing of such a case shall report in a similar

manner.

Note: Human reportable diseases, infections, microorganisms, and conditions, and the time frames within

which they must be reported are as follows:

Immediately, day or night: Bacillus anthracis (anthrax); Clostridium botulinum (botulism);

Corynebacterium diphtheriae (diphtheria); Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and

infection by SARS-coronavirus; Yersinia pestis (plague); intoxication caused by marine

microorganisms or their byproducts (for example, paralytic shellfish poisoning, domoic acid

intoxication, ciguatera, scombroid); any known or suspected common-source Outbreaks; any

Uncommon Illness of Potential Public Health Significance.

Within 24 hours (including weekends and holidays): Haemophilus influenzae (any invasive disease;

for laboratories, any isolation or identification from a normally sterile site); measles (rubeola);

Neisseria meningitidis (any invasive disease; for laboratories, any isolation or identification from a

normally sterile site); Pesticide Poisoning; poliomyelitis; rabies (human or animal); rubella; Vibrio (all

species).

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437-004-1120 (24)(e)(A)

Within one Local Public Health Authority working day: Bordetella pertussis (pertussis); Borrelia

(relapsing fever, Lyme disease); Brucella (brucellosis); Campylobacter (campylobacteriosis);

Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci (psittacosis); Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydiosis;

lymphogranuloma venereum); Clostridium tetani (tetanus); Coxiella burnetii (Q fever); Creutzfeldt-

Jakob disease and other transmissible spongiform encephalopathies; Cryptosporidium

(cryptosporidiosis); Cyclospora cayetanensis (cyclosporosis); Escherichia coli (Shiga-toxigenic,

including E. coli O157 and other serogroups); Francisella tularensis (tularemia); Giardia (giardiasis);

Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid); hantavirus; hepatitis A; hepatitis B (acute or chronic infection);

hepatitis C; hepatitis D (delta); HIV infection (does not apply to anonymous testing) and AIDS;

Legionella (legionellosis); Leptospira (leptospirosis); Listeria monocytogenes (listeriosis); mumps;

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis (tuberculosis); Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococcal

infections); pelvic inflammatory disease (acute, non-gonococcal); Plasmodium (malaria); Rickettsia

(all species: Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, others); Salmonella (salmonellosis, including

typhoid); Shigella (shigellosis); Taenia solium (including cysticercosis and undifferentiated Taenia

infections); Treponema pallidum (syphilis); Trichinella (trichinosis); Yersinia (other than pestis); any

infection that is typically arthropod vector-borne (for example: Western equine encephalitis, Eastern

equine encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, dengue, West Nile fever, yellow fever, California

encephalitis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, Kyasanur Forest disease, Colorado tick fever, etc.); human

bites by any other mammal; CD4 cell count < 200/_l (mm

) or CD4 proportion of total lymphocytes <

14%; hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Within 7 days: Suspected Lead Poisoning (for laboratories; this includes all blood lead tests

performed on persons with suspected lead poisoning).

(23) Access to ORS and OAR. Those wishing access to any of the Oregon Revised Statutes

(ORS) or Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) referenced here, may contact the Oregon

OSHA Resource Center in Salem or the nearest Oregon OSHA Field Office.

(24) Closure and alternative housing.

(a) The operator of agricultural labor housing must provide replacement lodging

without charge to the occupants if a government agency with the authority to

enforce building, health or safety standards declares the housing or facilities to be

uninhabitable and orders them vacated.

(b) The operator must provide replacement lodging for 7 consecutive days from the

time the housing was closed or until the closing agency allows the original housing

to reopen, whichever is shorter.

Oregon OSHA. Oregon OSHA must approve the location of the replacement

housing before employees are sent to it.

(d) Operators must arrange for replacement lodging not later than the end of the day

the original housing closes or another date designated by the closing agency.

(e) Post the address of the replacement housing:

(A) Not later than the end of the day the original housing closes.

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

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437-004-1120 (25)(a)

(B) In a place convenient to affected workers.

(f) The posting in (e) above must state that the replacement housing is free to

occupants of the closed housing.

(g) The operator must give Oregon OSHA a list of names of the occupants and the

location of the replacement housing, for each.

(h) When the cause of the closure is beyond the control of the agricultural labor

housing operator, sections (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (g) above do not apply. To

determine whether the cause of closure was beyond the control of the operator,

Oregon OSHA will consider these circumstances, including but not limited to:

(A) Whether the cause of the closure is a natural disaster;

(B) Whether the circumstances leading to the closure were known or should

have been known to the operator;

the closure.

(i) Agricultural labor housing occupants entitled to temporary replacement housing

under this rule must accept or reject that housing when the original housing

closes. These rules do not obligate operators to reimburse displaced occupants for

housing they obtain without the operator’s knowledge or consent. The operator is

responsible for replacement lodging only for as many people as occupied the

original closed housing. When an occupant rejects the replacement housing, the

operator has no obligation to reimburse that occupant for other replacement

housing.

(j) Oregon OSHA may issue a citation and assess a monetary penalty for violation of

these rules as in ORS 654.071 and 654.086.

(25) Heat Illness Prevention in Labor Housing.

(a) Cooling Areas. If rooms where people sleep are not able to maintain an indoor

temperature of 78 degrees Fahrenheit or less (using air conditioners, evaporative

coolers, air purifiers with coolers, or other reliable means), employers must provide

an area(s) for occupants to cool off whenever the heat index outside the housing

units is at or above 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The cooling area(s) must be large

enough to allow use by at least 50 percent of the occupants at the labor housing at

any one time and must use either or any combination of the following two

approaches:

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437-004-1120 (25)(c)

(A) Giving occupants continual access to one or more common rooms that are

maintained at or a below a temperature of 78 degrees Fahrenheit (using air

conditioners, evaporative coolers, air purifiers with coolers, or other reliable

means). This can be done by making use of existing common rooms,

otherwise unused housing units, or other available indoor spaces that do not

present additional risks to the occupants.

(B) Giving occupants continual access to outdoor rest areas (located away from

work areas or activities that could create a hazard). The rest areas must:

(i) Be shaded by any natural or artificial means, so that occupants can sit

or stand in a normal posture fully in the shade;

(ii) Provide water misters, cooling vests, cooling towels, or equally effective

means of relief. If relying upon items that can only be used by one

individual at a time, enough must be provided to satisfy the 50 percent

requirement and they must not be shared without being washed; and

(iii) Locate available chairs, benches, and other seating in a manner that

encourages use.

Note: Although employers are permitted to use either or any combination of the approaches

listed in (A) and (B), they are encouraged to provide at least some of the required space

using the methods listed in (A).

(b) Minimizing Heat in Housing Units. If rooms where people sleep are not able to

maintain an indoor temperature of 78 degrees Fahrenheit or less (using air

conditioners, evaporative coolers, air purifiers with coolers, or other reliable

means), employers must take the following steps

(A) Optimize the ability to keep housing cool by ensuring that windows can be

protected from direct sunlight in a manner that minimizes radiant heat during

all hours of the day, whether using natural or artificial shade, the provision of

window coverings must deflect the sun and not simply absorb the heat, or

other equally effective measures. Such measures must not interfere with the

ability to open and close windows or create another hazard; and

(B) Make fans available at no cost for any housing occupants who wish to use

them.

the effects of heat on the indoor environment, both immediately and on an ongoing

basis, employers must provide a thermometer that displays the temperature in

both Fahrenheit and Celsius in each individual housing unit. Employers are

encouraged, but not required, to provide a device that also measures humidity.

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(d) Employee and Occupant Information. In addition to ensuring that employees have

received the training required by OAR 437-004-1131(9), the employer must

display the “Heat Risks in Housing” poster provided by Oregon OSHA in one or

more prominent locations that housing occupants would normally see and must

add the necessary emergency contact information to the poster, allowing housing

occupants to contact emergency services as necessary.

(e) Access to Emergency Services. Employers must ensure that occupants always

have access to a working telephone that can be used to contact emergency

services. An electronic device, such as a cell phone, may be used for this purpose

only if reception in the area is reliable.

Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2), 654.035 & 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295, ORS 658.750, 658.755, 658.780, 658.785, 658.790, 658.805

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

OSHA 5-2000, adopt filed 05/18/2000, effective 06/01/2000

OSHA 4-2008, adopt filed 03/24/2008, effective 05/01/2008

OSHA 1-2009, adopt filed 01/26/2009, effective 01/26/2009

OSHA 8-2021, temporary filed 08/02/2021, effective 08/09/2021 through 02/04/2022

OSHA 3-2022, adopt filed 05/09/2022, effective 06/15/2022

437-004-1131 Heat Illness Prevention

(1) Scope and application. This standard applies whenever an employee performs work

activities, whether in indoor or outdoor environments, where the heat index (apparent

temperature) equals or exceeds 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

Note: When another applicable standard addresses other hazards that may be present, employers must

comply with the requirements of that standard and this standard. Where the requirements of one

standard are more protective than another for the same hazard, employers must follow the

requirements that provide the higher level of employee protection.

(a) The following workplaces and operations are exempt from the requirements of this

standard.

(A) Incidental heat exposures where an employee is not required to perform

work activities for more than 15 minutes in any sixty-minute period.

(B) Exposures to heat generated from the work process – such as occurs in

bakeries – is not subject to this standard. In such cases, employers must

follow the requirements of OAR 437-002-0144(2).

property, or the restoration of essential services, such as evacuation, rescue,

medical, structural firefighting, law enforcement, utilities, and

communications, when employees are engaged in those operations.

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(D) Buildings and structures that have a mechanical ventilation system that

keeps the heat index below 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

(b) The following workplaces and operations are partially exempt from certain

requirements of this standard.

(A) Employers whose employees perform either “rest” or “light” workloads, as

defined in Table 1.1 of Appendix A: Mandatory Information for Heat Illness

Prevention, are exempt from the requirements of sections (3) through (10)

only when the heat index is less than 90 degrees Fahrenheit.

(B) Associated support activities for wildland firefighters, such as fire camp

services and fire management, are exempt only from the requirements of

section (7).

requirements in sections (9) and (10).

(2) Definitions.

(a) Acclimatization - Temporary adaptation of the body to work in the heat that

occurs gradually when a person is exposed to it. Acclimatization peaks in most

people within seven to fourteen days of regular work for at least two hours per day

in the heat. This time frame applies to fit individuals with no underlying medical

conditions.

(b) Drinking water - Potable water that is suitable to drink and that is cool (66 °F – 77

°F) or cold (35 °F – 65 °F).

a particular heat load, and includes heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope,

and heat stroke.

(d) Shade - Blockage of direct sunlight is shade. One indicator that blockage is

sufficient is when objects do not cast a shadow in the area of blocked sunlight.

Shade is not sufficient when heat in the area of shade defeats the purpose of

shade, which is to allow the body to cool. For example, a car sitting in the sun

does not provide acceptable shade to a person inside it, unless the car is running

with working air conditioning. Shade may be provided by any natural or artificial

means that does not expose employees to unsafe or unhealthy conditions, and

that does not deter or discourage access or use.

(e) Temperature-controlled environment – an indoor setting where the temperature

is maintained with a mechanical cooling system.

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437-004-1131 (4)(c)

(3) Access to shade. Establish and maintain one or more shade areas that are immediately

and readily available to exposed employees that are outdoors when the heat index in

the work area equals or exceeds 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The shade areas must meet

the following criteria:

(a) The shade area must either be open to the outside air (at least three open sides)

or provide mechanical ventilation for cooling.

(b) The amount of shade present must be at least enough to accommodate the

number of employees on recovery or rest period, so that they can sit in a normal

posture fully in the shade. Employees must remove any PPE that retains heat,

such as chemical resistant suits, during recovery and rest periods.

are working.

(d) Shade present during meal periods must be large enough to accommodate the

number of employees on the meal period that remain onsite.

(e) If trees or other vegetation are used to provide shade, such as in orchards or

forests, the thickness and shape of the shaded area must provide sufficient

shadow to protect employees.

Exception: When the employer can demonstrate that providing access to shade is not safe or it

interferes with the ability of employers and employees to complete the necessary work in a

particular situation, for example, during high winds or when an employee is walking through

range land, employers must identify and implement alternative cooling measures that provide

equivalent protection such as providing cooling vests (either with fans or ice packs), water-

dampened cotton clothing, or similar effective measures. The Heat Illness Prevention Plan

under section (8) must include the use, care, and maintenance of the alternative cooling

methods, in writing.

(4) Drinking water. Ensure that a sufficient supply of drinking water is immediately and

readily available to exposed employees at all times, at no cost, when the heat index in

the work area equals or exceeds 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

(a) Supplied drinking water must be either cool or cold, see subsection (2)(b).

(b) Supply each employee with enough drinking water to enable them to consume up

to 32 ounces per hour. Employers are not required to supply the entire quantity of

drinking water needed for all employees on a full shift at the beginning of the shift.

Employers may begin the shift with smaller quantities of drinking water when

effective procedures are established to replenish the water consumed during the

shift.

section.

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437-004-1131 (5)(d)(C)

Note: Drinking water packaged as a consumer product and electrolyte-replenishing beverages that

do not contain caffeine (for example, sports drinks) are acceptable substitutes, but should not

completely replace required water supplies.

(5) High-heat practices. When engineering controls (such as fans or air conditioning) and

administrative controls (such as scheduling work during the cooler part of the day or

limiting an employee’s exposure) do not reduce an employee’s exposure to a heat index

of less than 90 degrees Fahrenheit, implement and maintain high-heat practices and

procedures by following subsections (5)(a) through (e) below.

(a) Communication must occur in a language and vocabulary readily understood by all

employees, by voice, electronic, or other equally-effective means, so that

employees at the worksite can contact a supervisor at any time, when necessary.

An electronic device, such as a cell phone, may be used for this purpose only if

reception in the area is constant and reliable.

(b) Implement one or more of the following to promptly identify any employee

suspected of experiencing heat-related illness:

(A) Regular communication with employees working alone, such as by radio,

cellular phone, or other alternative means;

(B) Create a mandatory buddy system; or

call for emergency medical services, and allow other employees to call for

emergency services when designated employees are not immediately available;

such a practice supplements existing requirement to ensure that emergency

medical care is immediately available in all workplaces, as required by OAR 437-

004-1305(4).

(d) When employees work in buildings and structures that do not have a mechanical

ventilation system, employers must:

(A) Directly measure the temperature and humidity in these places at the same

time and location when occupied by employees to determine the current

indoor heat index;

(B) Use the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health’s (NIOSH) Heat

Safety Tool app to determine the heat index outside of the building or

structure and assume that it is the same inside (See section 2 in Appendix A:

Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention); or

humidity, for example, hoop houses and greenhouses in nursery operations,

the employer must measure and use the actual humidity inside the structure.

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437-004-1131 (5)(e)(B)

(e) Develop and implement a written heat illness prevention rest break schedule that

protects employees exposed to a heat index equal to or greater than 90 degrees

Fahrenheit. Employers must choose and implement only one of the three options;

choose either (A), (B), or (C) as described below.

Note: The purpose of the heat illness prevention rest breaks is to allow the body to cool down and

recover from working when the heat index equals or is greater than 90 degrees Fahrenheit.

Note: Option (A) allows an employer to implement a self-designed schedule by building on a

minimum rest break schedule using four specified elements. Option (B) allows an employer to

implement a schedule by using an example heat illness prevention plan designed by NIOSH.

Option (C) allows an employer to implement a schedule by using a simplified schedule

(A) Employer-designed heat illness prevention rest break schedule: Implement a

written employer-specific, heat illness prevention rest break schedule using

the minimum rest break durations and intervals in Table 1. Employers must

protect employees from heat illness by integrating the elements in

subsections (i) through (iv) into to their heat illness prevention rest break

schedule, which may increase the duration or interval of the rest break

beyond the minimum requirements to be protective.

(i) The effect of personal protective equipment (PPE) on the body’s ability

to retain heat;

(ii) The effect of the type of work clothing on the body’s ability to retain

heat;

(iii) Relative humidity, whether work activities are indoors or outdoors; and

(iv) The intensity of the work being performed.

Note: Employers should consider the effect of exposure to direct sunlight when developing

employer-specific heat illness prevention rest break schedule.

Table 1 - Minimum employer-designed heat illness prevention rest break schedule, upon which subsections (i)

through iv) must be applied:

Heat index (°F)

Rest break durations and intervals

90 or greater

10 minutes every two hours

100 or greater

15 minutes every hour

(B) NIOSH work/rest schedule: Implement a written heat illness prevention rest

break schedule using the information found in section 3 of Appendix A:

Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention based on NIOSH

recommendations.

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437-004-1131 (7)(a)

Note: The NIOSH work/rest schedule uses unadjusted ambient temperatures (in degrees

Fahrenheit), and employers must follow the instructions underneath Table 3.1 in

Appendix A: Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention. Employers must be

aware that different work/rest schedules exist for those wearing chemical-resistant suits;

see Table 3.2 in Appendix A: Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention.

simplified heat illness prevention rest break schedule using Table 2.

Table 2 - Minimum simplified rest break schedule:

Heat index (°F)

Rest break durations and intervals

90 or greater

10 minutes every two hours

95 or greater

20 minutes every hour

100 or greater

30 minutes every hour

105 or greater

40 minutes every hour

Note: The Table 2 heat illness prevention rest break schedule is only required during the

specified heat index.

(f) The heat illness prevention rest breaks under subsection (5)(e) are only required

during the specified heat index, and may be provided concurrently with any other

meal or rest period required by policy, rule or law – if the timing of the preventative

rest break coincides with the otherwise required meal or rest period. However, the

heat illness prevention rest break must be calculated using only the time spent in

the shade and when employees are not performing work other than “rest” or “light”

work. The requirement for heat illness prevention rest breaks does not prohibit

“rest” or “light” work-related activities conducted in a temperature-controlled

environment, such as paperwork, at the discretion of the employee.

(g) Except when the heat illness prevention rest breaks coincide with the existing

unpaid meal break, the heat illness prevention rest break is a work assignment.

Heat illness prevention rest breaks are only required during the time of the shift

that the heat index equals or exceeds 90 degrees Fahrenheit.

(6) Emergency medical plan. The employer’s Emergency Medical Plan must address

employee exposure to excessive heat, in accordance with OAR 437-004-1305(4).

These plans must address the types medical situations that employees could

encounter, including those conditions relating to excessive heat exposure.

(7) Acclimatization plan. Develop and implement an acclimatization plan and procedures in

writing. Employers must choose between two options, either (a) or (b) as described

below, and implement the chosen plan.

(a) Employer-designed acclimatization plan option: Employers who develop their own

acclimatization plan must integrate and implement the following factors into their

program:

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(A) Acclimated and unacclimated workers;

(B) The effects of clothing and personal protective equipment on adding to the

heat burden of workers;

of heat-related illness;

(D) Re-acclimatizing workers as necessary, either due to changes in the weather

or a worker spending more than seven days away from the job; and

(E) The use and maintenance of auxiliary cooling systems such as water-cooled

garments, air-cooled garments, cooling vests, and wetted overgarments.

(b) NIOSH acclimatization plan option: Employers that choose not to develop their

own acclimatization plan must follow the acclimatization plan developed by the

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and NIOSH; see section 4, Appendix

A: Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention.

Note: Based upon the variable weather patterns across the state, Oregon OSHA recognizes that

there is no “one-size-fits-all” acclimatization plan. Employers should be aware that

acclimatization to heat takes longer for unfit individuals compared to fit individuals.

Note: Employers should consider the effect of exposure to direct sunlight when developing their

acclimatization plan.

(8) Heat illness prevention plan. Develop, implement, and maintain an effective heat illness

prevention plan in writing. The plan must be made available at the worksite to

employees and to Oregon OSHA upon request. The plan must contain at least the

following information:

(a) How employees will be trained on the hazards of heat exposure and the necessary

steps to prevent heat-related illnesses;

(b) How to recognize the symptoms of dehydration, and how to respond to suspected

heat-related illnesses in others;

(d) How employees will be provided frequent opportunities and encouragement to

stay hydrated by drinking water;

(e) How employees will be provided sufficient space to rest in a shaded area or cool

climate-controlled area, and where heat-affected employees may cool off and

recover when signs and symptoms of heat-related illnesses are recognized;

(f) How the employer will implement the heat illness prevention rest break schedule

when necessary to keep employees safe; and

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437-004-1131 (9)(g)

(g) How the employer will implement heat acclimatization procedures for new

employees or employees returning to work from extended absences of seven or

more days.

(9) Supervisor and employee training. Provide heat illness prevention training to all

employees, including new employees, supervisory and non-supervisory employees in a

language and vocabulary readily understood, and in a manner that facilitates employee

feedback. Such training must be provided annually before employees begin work that

should reasonably be anticipated to expose them to the risk of heat illness, and include

at least the following:

(a) The environmental and personal risk factors (for example, chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease, asthma, kidney disease, obesity, etc.) for heat illness that may

limit an individual’s tolerance to excessive heat, as well as the added burden of

heat load on the body caused by exertion, clothing (See section 5 in Appendix A:

Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention), and personal protective

equipment;

(b) The employer's procedures for complying with the requirements of this standard,

including, but not limited to, the employer's responsibility to provide water, heat

index information (including the risks to experiencing a heat-related illness),

shade, preventative rest breaks, and access to first aid, as well as how employees

can exercise their rights under this standard without fear of retaliation;

ounces per hour, when the work environment is hot and employees are likely to be

sweating more than usual in the performance of their duties;

(d) The concept, importance, and methods of the acclimatization plan pursuant to the

employer's procedures under section (8);

(e) The different types of heat illness, the common signs and symptoms of heat

illness, and the appropriate first aid and emergency response to the different types

of heat illness, including how heat illness may progress quickly from mild signs

and symptoms to a serious and life-threatening condition;

(f) The importance for employees to immediately report to the employer, directly or

through the employee's supervisor, signs and symptoms of heat illness in

themselves or in others; and

(g) The effects of nonoccupational factors (drugs, alcohol, obesity, etc.) on tolerance

to occupational heat stress.

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437-004-1131 (10)

(10) Training documentation. Verify compliance with section (9) by preparing and

maintaining written or electronic training records that can be provided to Oregon OSHA

upon request. Such records must contain the name or identification of each employee

trained, the date(s) of the training, and the name of the person who conducted the

training. The most recent annual training record for each affected employee must be

maintained.

Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2), 654.035 & 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 3-2022, adopt filed 05/09/2022, effective 06/15/2022

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437-004-1131 Appendix A

Appendix A - Mandatory Information for Heat Illness Prevention

To protect the health and safety of employees from heat-related illnesses, employers should

consider using the resources in this appendix. Please note that some resources may use

temperatures in Celsius instead of Fahrenheit. To convert to degrees Fahrenheit, use this

formula: Fahrenheit (°F) = (Celsius x 1.8) + 32

1. Most heat-related illnesses affect workers who do strenuous physical activity. When

workers engage in intense work, their bodies create heat. This "metabolic" heat

combines with environmental heat (from temperature, sunlight, humidity, etc.) so

workers' core temperature can rise to dangerous levels. To prevent a hazardous

combination of environmental and metabolic heat, employers should be aware of

workers' activity level.

Workload can be classified as rest, light, moderate, heavy, or very heavy.

• Light: Sitting or standing with minimal arm and leg work.

• Moderate: Continuous modest intensity, such as light pushing/pulling or normal

walking.

• Heavy: Intense upper body work such as carrying loads or sawing.

• Very heavy: Intense activity at an almost maximum pace.

Table 1.1 Metabolic Heat and Workload (Physical Activity Level)

Level of Workload /

Physical Activity *

Examples

Metabolic Rate in Watts,

“typical” recognizing that different

ways of doing the same task

may lead to dramatically different

wattage

Rest

• Sitting

• Thinking

115

Light

• Sitting with minimal hand and arm work

• Sewing

• Writing or drawing

• Driving a car

• Occasional or slow walking

• Stooping, crouching, or kneeling

• Standing watch

180

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Level of Workload /

Physical Activity *

Examples

Metabolic Rate in Watts,

“typical” recognizing that different

ways of doing the same task

may lead to dramatically different

wattage

Moderate

• Pushing and pulling light carts

• Hammering nails

• Picking fruit or vegetables

• Continuous normal walking

• Driving or operating mobile equipment

• Raking

• Mopping or vacuuming floors

• Scraping, painting, or plastering

• Laundry/dry cleaning

• Tapping and drilling

• Machining

• Molding

• Packaging

• Laboratory work

• Cooking

• General carpentry

• Using hand tools

• Light pushing/pulling or normal walking.

300

Heavy

• Intense arm and trunk work

• Carrying loads

• Shoveling

• Sawing or heavy carpentry

• Roofing

• Pushing and pulling heavy carts or

wheelbarrows

• Fast walking (> 4 mph)

• Landscaping

• Casting

• Manual raising and lowering loads

• Stacking lumber

• Truck and automobile repair

• Waxing and buffing by hand

• Welding

• Heavy item assembly

• Grinding and cutting

• Drilling rock or concrete

• Mixing cement

• Felling trees

415

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437-004-1131 Appendix A

Level of Workload /

Physical Activity *

Examples

Metabolic Rate in Watts,

“typical” recognizing that different

ways of doing the same task

may lead to dramatically different

wattage

Very heavy

• Any activity done at near maximum pace

• Climbing stairs, ladder, or ramp

• Using an axe

• Intense shoveling or digging

• Sledgehammer use

• Stacking concrete

• Brick or stone masonry

520

* Workers who are overweight or obese might produce more metabolic heat than other workers who

perform the same tasks. The above table assumes a 70-kg (154-pound) worker.

Table 1.1 is copied from federal OSHA’s guidance on Heat Hazard recognition, which can be accessed at:

https://www.osha.gov/heat-exposure/hazards under the Metabolic Heat and Workload (Physical

Activity Level) tab

2. The OSHA-NIOSH Heat Safety Tool app is a useful resource for planning outdoor work

activities based on how hot it feels throughout the day. It features real-time heat index

and hourly forecasts specific to your location, as well as occupational safety and health

recommendations from OSHA and NIOSH. It can be accessed and downloaded at:

https://www.osha.gov/heat/heat-app

3. NIOSH Work/rest schedules.

A. Table 3.1. Work/rest schedules for workers wearing normal work clothing*

Adjusted

temperature (°F)†

Light work

(minutes work/rest)

Moderate work

(minutes work/rest)

Heavy work

(minutes work/rest)

Normal

45/15

Normal

45/15

Normal

40/20

Normal

35/25

Normal

35/25

100

Normal

45/15

30/30

101

Normal

40/20

30/30

102

Normal

35/25

25/35

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Adjusted

temperature (°F)†

Light work

(minutes work/rest)

Moderate work

(minutes work/rest)

Heavy work

(minutes work/rest)

103

Normal

30/30

20/40

104

Normal

30/30

20/40

105

Normal

25/35

15/45

106

45/15

20/40

Caution‡

107

40/20

15/45

Caution‡

108

35/25

Caution‡

109

30/30

Caution‡

110

15/45

Caution‡

111

Caution‡

112

Caution‡

* With the assumption that workers are physically fit, well-rested, fully hydrated, under age 40, and have

adequate water intake and that there is 30% RH [relative humidity] and natural ventilation with

perceptible air movement.

† Note: Adjust the temperature reading as follows before going to the temperature column in the table:

Full sun (no clouds): Add 13°

Partly cloudy/overcast: Add 7°

No shadows visible/work is in the shade or at night: no adjustment

Per relative humidity:

10%: Subtract 8°

20%: Subtract 4°

30%: No adjustment

40%: Add 3°

50%: Add 6°

60%: Add 9°

‡ High levels of heat stress; consider rescheduling activities.

Adapted from EPA [1993]

Table 3.1 above is copied from the following publication; see page 76 in NIOSH [2016]. NIOSH criteria

for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to heat and hot environments. By Jacklitsch B,

Williams WJ, Musolin K, Coca A, Kim J-H, Turner N. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety

and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2016-106.

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437-004-1131 Appendix A

B. Table 3.2 Work/rest schedules for those wearing chemical resistant suits.

Air Temperature (°F)

Light work

Full sun

Normal

30/30

15/45

Caution§

Stop work

Partly cloudy

Normal

40/20

15/45

Stop work

No sun†

Normal

40/20

14/45

Moderate work

Full sun

Normal

20/40

10/50

Caution§

Stop work

Partly cloudy

Normal

25/35

Caution§

Stop work

No sun†

Normal

25/35

Stop work

Heavy work

Full sun

35/25‡

10/50

Caution§

Stop work

Partly cloudy

Normal

40/20

15/45

Caution§

Stop work

No sun†

Normal

40/20

15/45

Stop work

* With the assumption that workers are heat-acclimatized, under the age of 40, physically fit, well-rested,

fully hydrated, and wearing Tyvek coveralls, gloves, boots, and a respirator. Cooling vests may enable

workers to work for longer periods. Adjustments must be made when additional protective gear is worn.

† No shadows are visible or work is in the shade or at night.

‡ 35 minutes work and 25 minutes rest each hour.

§ High levels of heat stress; consider rescheduling activities.

Adapted from EPA [1993]

Table 3.2 above is copied from the following publication; see page 77 in NIOSH [2016]. NIOSH criteria

for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to heat and hot environments. By Jacklitsch B,

Williams WJ, Musolin K, Coca A, Kim J-H, Turner N. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety

and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2016-106.

4. Acclimatization.

Table 4.1 Acclimatization in workers

Topics

Additional information

Disadvantages of

being

unacclimatized

• Readily show signs of heat stress when exposed to hot environments.

• Difficulty replacing all of the water lost in sweat.

• Failure to replace the water lost will slow or prevent acclimatization.

Benefits of

acclimatization

• Increased sweating efficiency (earlier onset of sweating, greater sweat

• production, and reduced electrolyte loss in sweat).

• Stabilization of the circulation.

• Work is performed with lower core temperature and heart rate.

• Increased skin blood flow at a given core temperature.

Acclimatization

plan

• Gradually increase exposure time in hot environmental conditions over a period of 7

to 14 days.

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• For new workers, the schedule should be no more than 20% of the usual duration of

work in the hot environment on day 1 and a no more than 20% increase on each

additional day.

• For workers who have had previous experience with the job, the acclimatization

regimen should be no more than 50% of the usual duration of work in the hot

environment on day 1, 60% on day 2, 80% on day 3, and 100% on day 4.

• The time required for non–physically fit individuals to develop acclimatization is

about 50% greater than for the physically fit.

Level of

acclimatization

• Relative to the initial level of physical fitness and the total heat stress experienced

by the individual.

Maintaining

acclimatization

• Can be maintained for a few days of non-heat exposure.

• Absence from work in the heat for a week or more results in a significant loss in the

beneficial adaptations leading to an increased likelihood of acute dehydration,

illness, or fatigue.

• Can be regained in 2 to 3 days upon return to a hot job.

• Appears to be better maintained by those who are physically fit.

• Seasonal shifts in temperatures may result in difficulties.

• Working in hot, humid environments provides adaptive benefits that also apply in

hot, desert environments, and vice versa.

• Air conditioning will not affect acclimatization.

Adapted from [Moseley 1994; Armstrong and Stoppani 2002; DOD 2003; Casa et al. 2009; ACGIH 2014;

OSHA-NIOSH 2011].

Table 4.1 above is copied from the following publication; see page 34. NIOSH [2016]. NIOSH criteria for a

recommended standard: occupational exposure to heat and hot environments. By Jacklitsch B, Williams

WJ, Musolin K, Coca A, Kim J-H, Turner N. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human

Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and

Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2016-106.

5. Clothing adjustment factors.

Table 5.1 Clothing adjustment factors exist for various types of clothing.

Clothing adjustment factors (°C−WBGT)

Clothing

2006

Work clothing (baseline)

Cloth coveralls

3.5

Double-layer cloth clothing

Spunbound melt-blown synthetic (SMS) coveralls

0.5

Polyolefin coveralls

Limited-use vapor-barrier coveralls

Adapted from Bernard TE, Threshold Limit Values for Physical Agents Committee, ACGIH [2014].

Table 5.1 above is copied from the following publication; see page 19. NIOSH [2016]. NIOSH criteria for a

recommended standard: occupational exposure to heat and hot environments. By Jacklitsch B,

Williams WJ, Musolin K, Coca A, Kim J-H, Turner N. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication 2016-106.

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437-004-1180 (2)

437-004-1140 Lighting

(1) General lighting.

(a) Provide adequate general and local lighting in rooms, buildings and work areas.

(b) Methods for determining the adequacy and effectiveness of lighting include:

(A) Measure the quantity of light against requirements in the American National

Standard ANSI A11.1-1965, “American Standard Practice for Industrial

Lighting.”

(B) The quality of light as to freedom from glare and correct direction, diffusion

and distribution.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

437-004-1150 Safety Colors for Marking Physical Hazards

(1) Color identification.

(a) Red. Use red as the basic color to identify:

(A) Danger. Safety cans or other portable containers of flammable liquids must

be red with highly contrasting markings. Provide red lights at barricades and

at temporary obstructions. The main or background color of danger signs

must be red.

(B) Stop. Emergency stop bars on hazardous machines must be red. Use red for

emergency stop buttons or emergency electrical switches with contrasting

letters or other markings.

(b) Yellow. Yellow is the basic color to signal caution and to mark physical hazards

such as: Striking against, stumbling, falling, tripping, and “caught between.”

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

437-004-1180 Accident Prevention Signs

(1) Scope. This section applies to the design, application and use of signs or symbols (as

included in paragraphs (3) through (5) below) to warn of specific hazards. This does not

apply to bulletin boards or safety posters.

(2) Definitions.

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437-004-1180 (4)(e)(A)

Sign – A surface marked to warn people of hazards, or to give safety instructions.

Excluded are news releases, safety posters and bulletins.

(3) Classification of signs by use.

(a) Danger signs.

(A) Use signs of uniform design to warn of specific dangers and radiation

hazards.

(B) Instruct all employees that danger signs warn of immediate danger and that

special precautions are necessary.

(b) Caution signs.

(A) Use caution signs only to warn of hazards or to caution against unsafe

practices.

(B) Instruct all employees that caution signs warn of a hazard against which they

should take precautions.

suggestions about safety.

(4) Sign design.

(a) Design features. Use signs with rounded or blunt corners and no sharp edges,

burrs, splinters or other sharp projections. Place the ends or heads of bolts or

other fastening devices so that they are not hazardous.

(b) Danger signs. The color of the background must be red.

with yellow letters. Use black letters against the yellow background.

(d) Safety instruction signs. Use white for the background and make the panel green

with white letters. Any letters used against the white background must be black.

(e) Slow-moving vehicle emblem. This emblem (see Figure 7) has a fluorescent

yellow-orange triangle with a dark red reflective border. The reflective border

defines the shape of the fluorescent color in daylight and creates a hollow red

triangle in the path of motor vehicle headlights at night.

(A) Use this emblem only on vehicles that by design move at 25 mph or less on

public roads. Do not use it as a clearance marker for wide machinery to

replace required lighting or marking of slow-moving vehicles. The material,

location, mounting, etc., of the emblem must conform to the American

Society of Agricultural Engineers Emblem for Identifying Slow-Moving

Vehicles, ASAE R276, 1967, or ASAE S276.2 (ANSI B114.1-1971).

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437-004-1250 (1)

Figure 1 Slow-Moving Vehicle Emblem

(5) Sign wordings.

(a) Nature of wording. Use wording on signs that is easily understandable.

(b) Biological hazard signs. Use the biological hazard warning sign to warn of the

actual or potential presence of a biohazard. Use it to mark equipment, containers,

rooms, materials, experimental animals or combinations of them, that contain or

are contaminated with viable hazardous agents. For this subparagraph the term

“biological hazard,” or “biohazard,” means only those infectious agents presenting

a risk or potential risk to the well-being of humans.

Note: All dimensions are in inches.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

437-004-1250 Confined and Hazardous Spaces

(1) Definitions.

Competent person is somebody who can identify existing and predictable hazards and

take measures to eliminate them.

Confined space is a space that:

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437-004-1250 (3)(b)(B)

is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and work;

and

has limited or restricted entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage

bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits may have limited entry); and

is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.

Engulfment is the covering of a person by a liquid or finely divided (flowable) solid

substance that when inhaled causes death or that can exert enough force on the

body to cause death by strangulation, constriction or crushing.

Entry is passing through an opening into a hazardous or confined space. Entry includes

work in the space and occurs when any part of the entrant’s body breaks the plane

of an opening into the space in a way that creates a hazard.

IDLH Atmospheres. Atmospheres immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) are

those with less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume, or which because of the high

toxicity of the contaminant, would endanger the life of a person breathing them for

even a short period of time.

Oxygen deficient is an atmosphere with less than 19.5 percent oxygen by volume.

(2) Fuel bins.

(a) Fuel bins must have adequate exits and all necessary devices to provide safety for

employees who enter them.

(b) There may be sentry stations or tunnels near the bottom conveyor for employees

to use to stoke down congested fuel through openings. Safely built pneumatic

bottoms, mechanical agitators or scrapers and similar devices are acceptable.

(3) Entering confined spaces.

(a) Test first. Always test the atmosphere in a confined space before an employee

places any part of their body into it. Following the instructions below, test first for

oxygen, then flammable atmosphere then toxic atmosphere.

(b) Entry. No person may enter or work in any confined space with an atmosphere

immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH), except under the following

conditions:

(A) They must wear a supplied air or self-contained air breathing apparatus;

(B) They must wear a safety belt with lifeline attached, where practical. Another

person, equipped as required in subsection (3)(b)(A) above and with safety

belt and lifeline attached, must be at the opening with adequate help

available to remove the person if necessary (see (5), Rescue below);

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437-004-1250 (3)(d)(A)

requires immediate rescue action by a person or persons equipped as

required in subsections (3)(b)(A) and (B) above;

(D) Air supplied to hose masks and positive pressure air helmets must be free

from harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, or gases to the extent that

breathing it does not constitute harmful exposure. Position the air intake to

the blower fan or compressor to prevent contamination of the air by carbon

monoxide or other hazardous materials or gases;

(E) Supplied air respiratory equipment must have an automatic pressure relief

valve, and connect through a pressure reduction valve in the supply line.

Maximum allowable pressure, unless otherwise specifically approved, is 25

pounds per square inch;

(F) To assure safety when using positive-pressure air respiratory equipment, a

minimum volume of air delivered to the user must be at least 4 cubic feet of

air per minute for a face mask and 6 cubic feet of air per minute for hoods or

helmets.

confined space is considered immediately dangerous to life or health. Nobody may

enter such space unless:

(A) All requirements for safety equipment and procedures in (3)(b) above are

met; or

(B) A competent person tests the atmosphere with an oxygen indicator or other

suitable device immediately before entry to ensure that it contains enough

oxygen to sustain life; or

uncontaminated air immediately before entry and continues while anybody is

inside the enclosure. A safety watcher meeting the requirements in (3)(b)

above must be at the entry.

(d) Toxic atmospheres. Nobody may enter any sealed or unventilated tank or other

confined space that contains or has contained toxic materials or gases, unless:

(A) All requirements for safety equipment and safety procedures in (3)(b) above

are met, or a competent person tests the atmosphere with an appropriate

instrument or method and finds it to have contaminants below the threshold

limit values of the particular material or gas.

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437-004-1250 (3)(j)

(B) If the atmosphere has concentrations of hazardous contaminants not

immediately dangerous to life or health, but above the threshold limit values

for the toxic material, the person entering the space must wear respiratory

protective equipment approved by the National Institute of Occupational

Safety and Health, or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture

for the exposure.

(e) Flammable or explosive atmospheres. The atmosphere in any sealed or

unventilated tank or other confined space and that contains or has contained

combustible or flammable materials or gases is an atmosphere immediately

dangerous to life or health.

(A) Nobody may enter such space unless all requirements for safety equipment

and safety procedures in (3)(b) above are met or atmosphere tests by a

competent person using an appropriate instrument or method shows no

flammable or explosive atmosphere is present.

(B) If the atmosphere contains flammable or explosive vapors at or above 20

percent of their lower explosive limit, ventilate the space enough to bring the

level below 20 percent of the lower explosive limit. Otherwise only persons

meeting the requirements of (c) above may enter the enclosure for

emergency work, including preparatory work or work to set up equipment to

eliminate the gas.

(f) Ventilation. Natural and/or mechanical ventilation must maintain the atmosphere

within the limits permissible for explosive or toxic materials and gases while

employees are in the space.

(g) Residues and other sources. When there could be a release of explosive or toxic

materials from residues or other sources in a confined space, there must be

additional testing as necessary to assure the atmosphere has not become

immediately dangerous to life or health. If such conditions arise, immediately leave

the contaminated space until the atmosphere is safe for persons wearing

respiratory protective equipment.

(h) Physical hazards. Do not allow employees to enter confined spaces that contains

physical hazards, until you comply with OAR 437-004-1275.

(i) Engulfment. Do not allow employees to enter confined spaces where there is a

hazard from engulfment by collapsing material.

(j) Lifeline and attendant. When entering confined spaces that have loose material

(such as chips, sand, grain, gravel, sawdust, etc.) you must wear a safety belt with

lifeline. There must be an attendant for the lifeline.

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437-004-1250 (5)(c)

(k) Lockout/tagout. Follow the procedures of OAR 437-004-1275, for intake pipelines

that convey hazardous substances into confined spaces before workers enter.

Blinds, if used, must clearly show whether the line is open or closed. Close, lock

and attach warning tags to valves in such lines nearest the containers. Blinding or

lockout of cold water and air lines is not necessary if they have positive control

valves near the container and you lock, close and tag the valves.

(4) Training.

(a) Train all workers before they do anything covered by this section. Retrain workers

when there are changes in their duties or the spaces related to this section.

(b) Training must cover all hazards associated with the employer’s confined and

hazardous spaces.

(d) Keep written documentation of all training until it is superseded by new training.

(5) Rescue.

(a) These requirements apply to employers who have employees enter confined

spaces to rescue people.

(A) You must give each rescuer the personal protective equipment and rescue

equipment necessary to make rescues from hazardous spaces. You must

also provide training on the proper use of that equipment.

(B) Train each rescuer in basic first aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation

(CPR). At least one rescuer with current certification in first aid and in CPR

must be available.

(b) When employers arrange to have persons other than their own employees do

confined space rescue, the employer must:

(A) Inform the rescue service of the hazards they may confront during the rescue

at the host employer’s facility, and

(B) Provide the rescue service with access to all confined spaces from which

rescue may be necessary so that the rescue service can develop appropriate

rescue plans and practice rescue operations.

mechanical device or fixed point outside the hazardous space in a way that rescue

can begin as soon as the rescuer becomes aware that rescue is necessary.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

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437-004-1260 (2)(c)(C)

437-004-1260 Manure Lagoons, Storage Ponds, Vats, Pits and Separators

(1) Scope. This applies to facilities not covered by confined space rules. (Examples include

pole buildings used to store compost material or manure lagoons and separators.)

(2) General.

(a) Do not enter any vat, pit, separator or other hazardous area where the atmosphere

may be immediately dangerous to life unless:

(A) Tests by a competent person, immediately before entry, prove it free of toxic

gases and with enough oxygen to sustain life; or

(B) Mechanical or natural ventilation provides at least one complete change of

uncontaminated air immediately before entry and continues during enclosure

occupancy; or,

self-contained breathing apparatus, and is closely supervised by a safety

watcher with similar equipment, at the entrance. They must have adequate

help to remove the person if necessary.

(b) Vats and pits that have hazardous materials, manure or that are more than 4 feet

deep, must meet one of the following requirements:

(A) A cover or grating must be in place and strong enough to safely support

imposed loads; or

(B) The edges must extend at least 42 inches above the adjacent floor level; or,

(D) Where vehicles operate near vats or pits the railing must be strong enough to

keep them out, or there must be a curb or shear rail that keeps the vehicle

out.

(A) Curbs, shear rails or other barriers where vehicles or equipment operate near

enough to drive or roll into the lagoon.

(B) Standard guardrails or other protection where employees work over the

contents or near enough to the edge to fall into the lagoon.

short enough to prevent the vehicle from rolling into the lagoon are

acceptable.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

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437-004-1275 (4)

437-004-1275 The Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout)

(1) Scope. This standard covers work on machines, vehicles and equipment when the

unexpected energizing or starting of them, or release of stored energy could injure

employees.

(2) Application.

(a) This standard applies to the control of energy during servicing and/or maintenance

of machines and equipment.

(b) It does not cover normal production operations. It covers servicing and/or

maintenance that takes place during normal production operations only if:

(A) An employee must remove or bypass a guard or other safety device; or

(B) An employee must place any part of the body where they do work on the

material being processed (point of operation) or where a danger zone exists.

minor servicing activities, done during normal operations, if they are necessary to

the use of the equipment and if the workers use alternative methods that provide

effective protection.

(d) This standard does not apply to work on electric powered equipment, when

unplugging it would control the hazard and the employee doing the work controls

the plug totally. It also does not apply to work on vehicles when the person doing

the work has the ignition key under their exclusive control and there are no other

sources of hazardous energy that could be released without the key.

(3) Program requirement. Employers must establish an energy control program and use its

procedures for putting appropriate lockout or tagout devices on energy isolating

devices. They must disable machines or equipment to prevent injury to employees.

(4) Definitions.

Affected employee. One who operates a machine or equipment during service or

maintenance under lockout or tagout. Also, those who work near where covered

servicing or maintenance is done.

Authorized person. One who locks out or tags out machines or equipment to service

or maintain them. An affected employee becomes an authorized person when they

do service or maintenance covered here.

Energized. Connected to an energy source or containing residual or stored energy.

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437-004-1275 (5)

Energy isolating device. A mechanical device that physically prevents the

transmission or release of energy. Examples: A manual circuit breaker; a switch; a

manual switch that disconnects the conductors of a circuit from all ungrounded

supply conductors and where employees can operate no pole independently; a

line valve; a block; and any similar device used to block or isolate energy. Push

buttons, selector switches and other control circuit type devices are not energy

isolating devices.

Energy source. Any source of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical,

thermal, gravity or other energy.

Lockable. An energy isolating device with its own lock or with a hasp or other way to

attach a lock. Other energy isolating devices are lockable if they can be locked

without being dismantled, rebuilt or replaced or permanently altering their energy

control capability.

Lockout. The use of a lockout device on an energy isolating device, according to an

established procedure to ensure that the controlled equipment is not operable until

an authorized person removes the lockout device.

Lockout device. Something that uses a positive means such as a lock, to hold an

energy isolating device in a safe position. Included are blank flanges and bolted

slip blinds.

Normal operations. A machine or equipment doing its intended function.

Servicing and/or maintenance. Constructing, installing, setting up, adjusting,

inspecting, modifying, and maintaining and/or servicing machines or equipment.

This includes removing jams, lubrication or cleaning of machines or equipment

and making adjustments or tool changes, where the process may expose the

employee to the unexpected energizing or starting of the equipment or release of

hazardous energy.

Setting up. Any work done to prepare a machine or equipment for operation.

Tagout. The placement of a tagout device on an energy isolating device, according to

an established procedure, warning employees not to operate the energy isolating

device and the equipment being controlled until an authorized person removes the

tagout device.

Tagout device. A prominent warning device, such as a tag and a secure, sturdy means

of attachment to an energy isolating device according an established procedure.

The tag must warn employees not to operate the energy isolating device and the

equipment being controlled until an authorized person removes the tagout device.

(5) General.

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437-004-1275 (5)(d)(A)

(a) Energy control program. Before doing any servicing or maintenance the employer

must have a written energy control program with specific procedures, employee

training and periodic reviews. It must ensure isolation of the equipment from the

energy source and make it inoperative in a way to prevent injury.

(b) Lockout/tagout.

(A) If an energy isolating device is not lockable, the energy control program must

use a tagout system that provides as much employee protection as is

possible.

(B) If the energy isolating device is lockable, the energy control program must

use lockout.

installation of new machines or equipment requires new energy isolating

device(s) to be lockable.

(A) When using a tagout device on a lockable energy isolating device, attach the

tagout device where you would have put the lockout device.

(B) Full compliance with all parts of this standard related to tagout is necessary

to assure the highest safety levels. Additional steps that help provide high

employee protection include the removal of an isolating circuit element,

blocking of a controlling switch, opening of an extra disconnecting device or

the removal of a valve handle.

(d) Energy control procedure.

(A) Develop, document and use procedures for the control of potentially

hazardous energy when employees are doing work covered by this section.

Note: Documenting the required procedure for a particular machine or equipment is not

necessary when all of the following are true:

The machine or equipment has no potential for stored or residual dangerous energy or

accumulation of stored dangerous energy after shut down;

The machine or equipment has an easily identified and isolated single energy source;

The isolation and locking out of that energy source will eliminate all energy-related

hazards;

The machine or equipment is isolated from that energy source and locked out during

servicing or maintenance;

A single lockout device will achieve a locked-out condition;

The lockout device is under the exclusive control of the authorized person doing the

servicing or maintenance;

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437-004-1275 (5)(e)(C)(iii)

The servicing or maintenance does not create hazards for other employees; and

No accidents have happened that involved the unexpected activation or energizing of the

machine or equipment during servicing or maintenance done under this exception.

(B) The procedures must specifically outline the scope, purpose, authorization,

rules and methods that are mandatory for the control of hazardous energy.

They must also include a way to enforce compliance including, but not limited

to, the following:

(i) A specific statement of the intended use of the procedure;

(ii) Specific procedural steps for shutting down, isolating, blocking and

securing machines or equipment to control hazardous energy;

(iii) Specific procedural steps for the placement, removal and transfer of

lockout or tagout devices and the responsibility for them; and

(iv) Specific requirements for testing a machine or equipment to verify the

effectiveness of lockout devices, tagout devices and other energy

control measures.

(e) Protective materials and hardware.

(A) Each employee’s lock must have either a key or combination that is unique to

that device.

(B) The employer must provide the necessary locks and/or hardware to do all

required lockout/tagout functions.

devices used for controlling energy. Do not use devices meant for the lockout

program for other purposes. They must meet the following requirements:

(i) Durable.

(I) Lockout and tagout devices must withstand their environment.

(II) Make tagout devices so that exposure to weather conditions or

wet and damp locations will not cause them to deteriorate or the

message on them to become illegible.

(III) Tags must not deteriorate in corrosive environments such as

where you handle or store acid and alkali chemicals.

(ii) Standardized. Use lockout and tagout devices whose appearance is

uniform within the facility and easily recognized.

(iii) Substantial.

Work Environment

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Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1275 (5)(e)(C)(iii)(I)

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437-004-1275 (5)(g)(A)(ii)

(I) Lockout devices. Lockout devices must be sturdy enough to

prevent removal without the use of excessive force or unusual

methods or tools.

(II) Tagout devices. Tagout devices and their means of attachment,

must be sturdy enough to prevent inadvertent or accidental

removal. The attachment means must be single use and self-

locking.

(iv) Identifiable. Lockout and tagout devices must show the identity of the

employee who applied them.

(D) On energized machines or equipment, tagout devices must warn against

hazardous conditions and must include a phrase like: Do Not Start, Do Not

Open, Do Not Close, Do Not Energize, Do Not Operate.

(f) Annual Review.

(A) Do a review of the energy control program at least annually to ensure that it

meets the requirements of this standard and employees are following it.

(i) An authorized person must do the review.

(ii) Correct problems found during the review.

(iii) For a lockout program, the review must include a personal review,

between the inspector and each authorized person, of that employee’s

responsibilities under the program.

(iv) For a tagout program, the review must include a personal review,

between the inspector and each authorized and affected employee, of

that employee’s responsibilities under the program.

(B) Document these reviews in writing with the identity of the machine or

equipment covered by the program, the date of the review, the employees

included in the review, and the person doing it.

(g) Training and communication.

(A) Provide general training that includes the following:

(i) Train authorized persons in the recognition of sources of hazardous

energy, the type and amount of energy found in their workplace and the

methods of energy isolation and control.

(ii) Instruct affected employees in the purpose and use of the energy

control program.

Work Environment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1275 (5)(g)(A)(iii)

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437-004-1275 (6)(a)

(iii) Instruct other employees who work or may work where there may be

energy control procedures, about those procedures and about the

prohibition against attempts to restart or energize locked out or tagged

out machines or equipment.

(B) For tagout systems, provide the following additional training:

(i) Locks are physical restraints while tags are only warning devices that

provide less protection than locks.

(ii) Do not remove a tag attached to an energy isolating means, without

authorization of the authorized person responsible for it. Never bypass,

ignore or otherwise defeat a tagout device.

(iii) Tags must be legible and understandable by all employees whose work

operations are or may be in the area.

(iv) Tags may cause a false sense of security. Understanding their meaning

must be part of the overall energy control program.

(v) Securely attach tags to energy isolating devices so that they cannot be

inadvertently or accidentally detached.

(i) Retrain employees when a change in their job assignment, a change in

machines, equipment or processes present a new hazard or when the

program changes.

(ii) Retrain employees when a review shows or the employer has reason to

believe, that there are problems in the employees’ knowledge or use of

the program.

(D) Document the employee training in writing with each employee’s name and

date(s) of training.

(h) Energy isolation. Authorized persons doing the servicing or maintenance must do

the lockout or tagout.

(i) Notification of employees. Notify affected employees of the application and

removal of lockout or tagout devices before applying the controls and after

removing them from the machine or equipment.

(6) Application of control. The established procedures for the application of energy control

(the lockout or tagout program) must cover the following points in the following

sequence:

(a) Preparation for shutdown. Before an authorized or affected employee turns off a

machine or equipment, they must know the type and amount of the involved

energy, the hazards of the energy and the method to control it.

Work Environment

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Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1275 (6)(b)

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437-004-1275 (7)(b)(A)

(b) Machine or equipment shutdown. Turn off the machine or equipment using the

procedures established for it. Do an orderly shutdown to avoid new or increased

hazards because of the equipment stoppage.

placed and used in ways that isolate the machine or equipment from the energy

source(s).

(d) Lockout or tagout device application.

(A) Only authorized persons are to connect lockout or tagout devices to each

energy isolating device.

(B) Connect lockout devices in a way that will hold the energy isolating devices

in a “safe” or “off” position.

movement of energy isolating devices from the “safe” or “off” position.

(i) Directly connect the tag to the energy isolating device, otherwise it must

be as close to the device as safely possible and obvious to anyone

attempting to operate the device.

(e) Stored energy.

(A) After the application of lockout or tagout devices, relieve or make safe all

potentially hazardous stored or residual energy.

(B) If stored energy can again reach a hazardous level, continuously verify its

isolation until the servicing or maintenance is done or until the possibility is

gone.

(f) Verification of isolation. Before starting work on locked out or tagged out machines

or equipment, the authorized person must verify that isolation and de-energizing of

the machine or equipment has been done.

(7) Release from lockout or tagout. The authorized person(s) must follow procedures and

take actions to guarantee the following before removing lockout or tagout devices and

restoring energy to the machine or equipment:

(a) The machine or equipment. Remove non-essential items from the work area and

confirm the return of the machine or equipment to pre-lockout or normal running

condition.

(b) Employees.

(A) Check the work area to ensure that all employees are safe or removed from

the area.

Work Environment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1275 (7)(b)(B)

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437-004-1275 (8)(c)(A)

(B) Notify affected employees after removing the lockout or tagout devices but

before starting the machine or equipment.

a lockout or tagout device. However, when that employee is not available, the

employer may direct its removal if specific procedures and training for such

removal are a part of the employer’s energy control program. The employer must

show that the specific procedure is as safe as removal by the authorized person

who applied it. The specific procedure must include at least the following:

(A) Verification by the employer that the authorized person who applied the

device is not at the facility;

(B) Attempting to contact the authorized person to inform him or her about the

removal of their lockout or tagout device; and

resumes work at that facility.

(8) Additional requirements.

(a) Testing or positioning of machines, equipment or components thereof. Follow this

sequence of actions when it is necessary to temporarily remove lockout or tagout

devices and energize the machine or equipment. This must only be done for

testing or positioning the machine, equipment or component of it.

(A) Clear the machine or equipment of tools and materials;

(B) Remove employees from the machine or equipment area;

(D) Energize and go on with testing or positioning;

(E) Remove energy from all systems and reapply original energy control

measures to continue the servicing and/or maintenance.

(b) Outside personnel (contractors, etc.).

(A) If outside servicing personnel are doing things covered by this standard, the

on-site employer and the outside employer must coordinate their respective

lockout or tagout procedures.

(B) The on-site employer must be certain that its employees understand and

comply with the provisions of the outside employer’s energy control program.

(A) When a crew, craft, department or other group does service or maintenance,

they must use a procedure that gives employees a level of protection equal

to that provided by using a personal lockout or tagout device.

Work Environment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1275 (8)(c)(B)

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437-004-1275 (8)(d)

(B) Use group lockout or tagout devices according to OAR 437-004-1275(5)(d)

including, but not limited to, these requirements:

(i) Primary responsibility is with an authorized person for a set number of

employees working under the protection of a group lockout or tagout

device (such as an operations lock);

(ii) The authorized person must know the exposure status of individual

group members with regard to the lockout or tagout of the machine or

equipment, and;

(iii) When work involves more than one crew, craft, department, etc.,

assignment of overall job-associated lockout or tagout control

responsibility to an authorized person designated to coordinate affected

work forces and ensure continuity of protection, and;

(iv) Each authorized person must put a personal lockout or tagout device

on the group lockout device, group lockbox, or comparable mechanism

when they begin work, and must remove those devices when they stop

working on the machine or equipment.

(d) Shift or personnel changes. Have specific procedures for shift or personnel

changes to ensure the continuity of lockout or tagout protection. These must

include the orderly transfer of lockout or tagout device protection between leaving

and arriving employees. The procedure must minimize exposure to hazards

related to the ongoing process.

Note: The following Appendix is a non-mandatory guideline to help employers and employees comply with

the requirements.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

Work Environment

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1275 Appendix A

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437-004-1275 Appendix A

Appendix A – Typical Minimal Lockout Procedure

General

This simple lockout procedure is to help employers so they meet the requirements of this

standard. When the energy isolating devices are not lockable, tagout is OK if the employer

complies with the provisions requiring additional training and more rigorous periodic reviews.

When using tagout and the energy isolating devices are lockable, the employer must provide

full employee protection (see paragraph (5)(c)), additional training and more rigorous periodic

inspections. More complex systems may need more comprehensive procedures.

Lockout Procedure

Lockout procedure for

(Name of Company for single procedure or identification of equipment if using multiple procedures.)

Purpose

These are the minimum requirements for the lockout of energy isolating devices when

maintenance or servicing is done on machines or equipment. Use it to ensure that the

machine or equipment stops and is isolated from all potentially hazardous energy sources.

Lock it out before employees work where the unexpected energizing or starting or release of

stored energy could cause injury.

Compliance With This Program

All employees must comply with the restrictions and limitations imposed upon them during

the use of lockout. Require authorized persons to do the lockout following this procedure.

When employees see a locked out machine or piece of equipment they must not attempt to

start, energize or use it.

Type of compliance enforcement for violation of the above.

Work Environment

Division 4

AO 2-2023

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-1275 Appendix A

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437-004-1275 Appendix A

Sequence Of Lockout

(1) Notify all affected employees about required service or maintenance on a machine or

equipment and that it must be shut down and locked out to do the work.

Name(s)/Job Title(s) of affected employees and how to notify.

(2) The authorized person must refer to the procedure to identify the type and amount of

the energy that the machine or equipment uses, understand the hazards of the energy

and know the methods to control it.

Type(s) and amount(s) of energy, its hazards and the methods to control the energy.

(3) If the machine or equipment is operating, shut it down by the normal stopping procedure

(depress stop button, open switch, close valve, etc.).

Type(s) and location(s) of machine or equipment operating controls.

(4) Deactivate the energy isolating device(s) so that the machine or equipment is isolated

from the energy source(s).

Type(s) and location(s) of energy isolating devices.

(5) Lock out the energy isolating device(s) with assigned individual lock(s).

(6) Release or restrain stored or residual energy (such as that in capacitors, springs,

elevated machine members, rotating flywheels, hydraulic systems and air, gas, steam,

or water pressure, etc.) by methods such as grounding, repositioning, blocking, bleeding

down, etc.

Type(s) of stored energy – methods to release or restrain.

Work Environment

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Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 2-2023

Division 4

437-004-1275 Appendix A

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437-004-1275 Appendix A

(7) Disconnect the equipment from the energy source(s) by first removing any exposed

employees from the area. Then verify the isolation of the equipment by trying the normal

operating control(s) or by testing to make certain that the equipment will run.

Caution: Return operating control(s) to neutral or “off” position after verifying the isolation of

the equipment.

Method of verifying the isolation of the equipment.

(8) The machine or equipment is now locked out.

Restoring Equipment To Service

When the work is completed and the machine or equipment is ready to return to operation,

take the following steps:

(1) Check the machine or equipment and the immediate area around it and remove any

non-essential items. Be sure the machine or equipment is operationally intact.

(2) Safely position or remove all employees from the area.

(3) Verify that the controls are in neutral.

(4) Remove the lockout devices and energize the machine or equipment.

Note: The removal of some forms of blocking may require energizing of the machine beforehand.

(5) Notify affected employees that the work is complete and the machine or equipment is

ready for use.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-1998, adopt filed 08/28/1998, effective 10/01/1998

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MEDICAL/FIRST AID

Subdivision K K-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-1305 Medical Services and First Aid ................................................................... K-1

(1) Definitions .................................................................................................................. K-1

(2) First aid supplies ........................................................................................................ K-1

(3) Medical treatment and services ................................................................................. K-1

(4) Emergency medical plan ............................................................................................ K-1

(5) Emergency eyewash, shower equipment, or both ..................................................... K-2

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

K-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MEDICAL SERVICES & FIRST AID

437-004-1305 K-1 (1) – (4)(a)(C)

437-004-1305 Medical Services and First Aid.

(1) Definitions.

Emergency medical service is care by a medically trained person such as in a hospital,

clinic, ambulance or rescue vehicle.

Qualified first aid person has evidence to show valid first-aid and CPR training within the

last two years.

(2) First aid supplies.

(a) Provide first-aid supplies based on the types of injuries that could occur at the place

of employment. The first-aid supplies must be immediately available to all workers on all

shifts when needed. Do not lock up or otherwise restrict access to first-aid supplies.

(b) Protect first-aid supplies from damage, deterioration, or contamination. Clearly mark

containers. First-aid containers may be sealed to protect the contents from

contamination.

Note: Supplies such as nitrile gloves and a mouth barrier device are personal protective

equipment covered by Division 4/I, Personal Protective Equipment.

(3) Medical treatment and services. Emergency medical services for injured or sick

employees must be available and summoned in time to give appropriate treatment for the

circumstances.

NOTE: These services can be by outside sources such as the local 911 response system or by

employees who are qualified first-aid persons.

(4) Emergency medical plan.

(a) Determine the appropriate type of medical service for each place of employment. You

must do a survey and develop an emergency medical plan. You must evaluate these

areas:

(A) Determine the types of injuries and illnesses that are likely to occur at the

worksite.

(B) Contact the local emergency response system and get information about their

ability to handle these types of emergencies and their response time. Consider

things such as nearness of the responding teams, traffic, equipment, average

response times, and whether the system is staffed by volunteers or full-time people.

your situation or whether you need your own qualified first-aid persons.

MEDICAL SERVICES & FIRST AID

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(a)(D) – (5)(b)(B) K-2 437-004-1305

(D) Train all employees about the medical plan and their responsibilities during an

emergency.

(b) If the local response system is adequate, then the minimum emergency medical plan

must contain the emergency phone number and emergency action instructions for

employees in case of an injury or illness. Post this emergency medical plan where

employees gather or are most likely to read it.

then your plan must also contain clear and specific emergency action instructions for

employees in case of injury or illness. The plan of action must have:

(A) The names, locations, and phone numbers of people trained and authorized to

give first aid and other treatment.

(B) Any special instructions about communications like two-way radios, telephones or

other provisions for emergency communication to contact the emergency medical

services.

(5) Emergency eyewash, shower equipment, or both.

(a) Based on the hazard, provide employees with an emergency eyewash, shower, or

both to decontaminate themselves when one of the following applies:

(A) Employees use a chemical substance that can cause corrosion or permanent

tissue damage to the eyes or when areas of the body may be exposed to quantities

of materials that are either corrosive or toxic by skin absorption.

(B) Employees handle pesticide products labeled Danger or Danger/Poison, and with

a first-aid section on the label that requires rinsing for 15-20 minutes for eye or skin

exposure.

NOTE: OAR 437-004-1305(5) does not apply to eye flushing supplies required for early entry

workers covered under 170.112(c)(8) or agriculture field workers covered under 170.150 of

the pesticide Worker Protection Standard in Division 4, Subdivision W.

(b) Emergency eyewashes or showers, whether plumbed potable water systems or self-

contained units, must meet the following requirements:

(A) Locate it so exposed employees can reach it and begin treatment in 10 seconds

or less. The path must be unobstructed and cannot require the opening of doors or

passage through obstacles unless other employees are always present to help the

exposed employee.

(B) Install the equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MEDICAL SERVICES & FIRST AID

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-1305 K-3 (5)(b)(C) – (5)(c)

(D) Follow manufacturer’s instructions for use and inspection.

(E) Fluid quality and temperature must be appropriate for the anticipated types of

decontamination treatment.

(F) Flow and pressure must provide the needed treatment without risking injury to the

employee.

(G) If the eyewash or shower could freeze, take protective measures to prevent this

from occurring.

procedures, you must provide them in addition to the eyewash or shower. Certain

substances like acids, chlorine and anhydrous ammonia require special treatment.

NOTE: ANSI Z358 has information about the performance requirements for eyewashes and showers.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-2010, f. 7/8/10, ef. 1/1/11.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

K-4

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FIRE

Subdivision L L-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-1430 Sources of Fire ........................................................................................... L-1

437-004-1440 Required Postings ...................................................................................... L-2

437-004-1450 Extinguishers .............................................................................................. L-3

437-004-1460 Fire Prevention Plan ................................................................................... L-4

437-004-1470 Training ....................................................................................................... L-4

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

L-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SOURCES OF FIRE

437-004-1430 L-1 (1) – (5)(c)

437-004-1430 Sources of Fire.

(1) Definitions. These terms are used in Subdivision 4/L Fire:

Closed container – A container sealed with a lid or other device that prevents the loss of

liquid or vapor at ordinary temperatures.

Combustible – A substance or material that is able or likely to catch fire and burn.

Explosive – Something capable of causing damage to the surroundings by chemical

reaction.

Flammable – Something capable of being easily ignited, burning intensely or having a

rapid rate of flame spread.

Flammable liquids – are liquids having a flash point at or below 199.4 degrees F. (93

degrees C.) As defined in the globally harmonized system of classification and labeling

(GHS) adopted in OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard, flammable liquids are

divided into four categories.

NOTE: Examples of some common flammable liquids are:

Category 1: Diethyl ether (solvent sometimes used in starting fluid).

Category 2: Gasoline (Benzene, Ethanol).

Category 3: Kerosene, Stoddard Solvent.

Category 4: Diesel fuel, Naphthalene.

NOTE: Additional information can be found in Division 4/B, 437-004-0100 Universal Definitions.

(2) Store combustible waste material, including oily rags in covered metal receptacles.

(3) If using electric lights, equipment and wiring where there may be flammable or explosive

gases, vapors, mists, dust or fibers they must comply with the State Electrical Specialty

Code.

NOTE: See additional electrical requirements in Division 4/S, OAR 437-004-3075 Agricultural

Buildings with Special Hazards.

(4) Locate internal combustion engines so that there is a clearance of at least 6 inches

between exhausts and exhaust piping and combustible material.

(5) Do not allow smoking, open flames, the use of spark-producing devices or tools not

approved for use in such areas, and other sources of ignition:

(a) In fueling areas.

(b) When servicing fuel systems for internal combustion engines.

SOURCES OF FIRE /

REQUIRED POSTINGS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-1430(5)(d) L-2 437-004-1440(4) Note

(d) Where using flammable liquids.

(e) Where storing flammable liquids.

(f) Areas that may have flammable or explosive gases, vapors, mists, dust, fibers or

flyings.

NOTES:

 Other sources of ignition include cutting and welding; grinding hot surfaces; frictional

heat; static, electrical and mechanical sparks; spontaneous ignition including heat

producing chemical reactions; and radiant heat.

 There are more detailed standards for:

The use and storage of flammable liquids in 4/H, OAR 437-004-0720;

The use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in 4/H, OAR 437-004-0780 and 437-004-

0790;

Fire prevention standards for welding operations are in 4/Q, OAR 437-004-2310.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

437-004-1440 Required Postings.

Post signs reading, “No Smoking or Open Flame,” in all areas:

(1) For fueling;

(2) For receiving or dispensing flammable liquids;

(3) For use or storage of flammable liquids; or

(4) Where there may be flammable or explosive gases, vapors, mists, dust, fibers or flyings.

NOTE: Signs reading “FLAMMABLE – KEEP FIRE AWAY” will also be in compliance with this rule.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EXTINGUISHERS

437-004-1450 L-3 (1) – (7)

437-004-1450 Extinguishers.

NOTE: The Oregon Office of State Fire Marshal and local fire authorities also have rules that

apply to portable fire extinguishers.

(1) Provide the class of fire extinguishers designed for use on the class of fire potential in the

work area.

NOTE: To make it easy to use the right extinguisher, the NFPA 10 Extinguisher Standard uses

the following system of classification:

Class A: Fires of ordinary combustible materials (such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and

many plastics) requiring the heat-absorbing (cooling) effects of water, water solutions

or the coating effects of certain dry chemicals that retard burning.

Class B: Fires of flammable liquids, flammable gases, grease and similar materials where

extinguishment is best done by excluding air (oxygen), inhibiting the release of

combustible vapors or interrupting the combustion chain reaction.

Class C: Fires of energized electrical equipment where safety to the operator requires the

use of electrically nonconductive extinguishing agents. (Note: For nonenergized

electrical equipment, Class A or B extinguishers may be best.)

Class D: Fires of certain combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium,

sodium, potassium, etc., requiring a heat-absorbing extinguishing medium not

reactive with the burning metals.

(2) Original labels and marking on extinguishers must remain attached and legible.

(3) Mount fire extinguishers on hangers, brackets, in cabinets or on shelves. The maximum

height of the top of the extinguisher above the floor is:

Weight of Unit

Height of Top

40 lbs. or less

Over 40 lbs.

5 ft.

3 1/2 ft.

(4) Do not obstruct fire extinguishers. They must be in plain sight or clearly mark their

location.

(5) Paths to and space in front of fire extinguishers must be clear and free from obstruction.

(6) Inspect fire extinguishers yearly or more often as needed to keep them usable and fully

charged.

(7) Do not use fire extinguishers with carbon tetrachloride, chlorobromomethane or other

toxic vaporizing fluids.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

FIRE PREVENTION PLAN /

EMPLOYEE EQUIPMENT & TRAINING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-1460(1) L-4 437-004-1470(2)

437-004-1460 Fire Prevention Plan.

(1) The plan must be in writing, be kept in the workplace, and be available to employees.

Employers with 10 or fewer permanent, year-around workers may have a verbal plan.

(2) The fire prevention plan must include at least these parts:

(a) Procedures to control accumulations of flammable or combustible waste materials;

(b) Procedures for regular maintenance of safeguards installed on heat producing

equipment to prevent accidental ignition of combustible materials;

(3) The employer must:

(a) Inform employees of the fire hazards in their work areas; and

(b) Review with each employee, new to a job, those parts of the fire prevention plan

necessary for protection.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

437-004-1470 Employee Equipment and Training.

(1) If workers are expected or required to fight fires, their level of training and the fire fighting

equipment they use must be adequate for the level of fire fighting involvement expected or

required by the employer.

(2) The employer must provide all needed equipment and training at no cost to employees

and be in compliance with Division 2/L, OAR 437-002-0182 Oregon Rules for Fire Fighters;

1910.155 Fire Protection; and 1910.156 Fire Brigades.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

COMPRESSED GASES

Subdivision M M-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-1505 Air Receivers and Pressure Systems ........................................................ M-1

(1) Application ................................................................................................................. M-1

(2) General requirements ................................................................................................ M-1

(3) Installation and equipment requirements .................................................................. M-1

(4) Compressed air – general ......................................................................................... M-2

(5) Piping systems ........................................................................................................... M-2

(6) High temperature piping ............................................................................................ M-2

437-004-1525 Boilers and Steam Systems ...................................................................... M-3

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

M-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

COMPRESSED GASES

437-004-1505 M-1 (1) – (3)(c)(D)

437-004-1505 Air Receivers and Pressure Systems.

(1) Application. This section applies to compressed air receivers and other equipment

making and using compressed air or gas. This section does not apply to the use of

compressed air to move materials nor to work in compressed air as in tunnels and caissons.

It also does not apply to compressed air machinery and equipment used on transportation

vehicles.

(2) General requirements.

(a) New and existing equipment.

(A) Construct all new air receivers installed after the effective date of these

regulations according to the 1995 edition of the A.S.M.E. Boiler and Pressure Vessel

Code Section VIII.

(B) Construct, install and maintain all safety valves according to the A.S.M.E. Boiler

and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Edition 1995.

(3) Installation and equipment requirements.

(a) Installation. Install air receivers so that all drains, hand holes and manholes are

easily accessible. Do not bury an air receiver underground or put it in an inaccessible

place.

(b) Drains and traps. Install a drain pipe and valve at the lowest point of every air

receiver to provide for the removal of accumulated oil and water. Adequate automatic

traps are acceptable besides drain valves. To prevent excessive amounts of liquid in

the receiver, open the drain valve and drain the receiver completely as often as needed.

(A) Every air receiver must have an indicating pressure gage that is visible and

with one or more spring-loaded safety valves. These valves together must prevent

pressure from exceeding the maximum allowable working pressure by more than

10 percent.

(B) No valve of any type must be between the air receiver and its safety valve or

valves.

and are protected from the elements.

(D) Test all safety valves frequently and assure they are in good operating condition.

COMPRESSED GASES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(a) – (6)(b) M-2 437-004-1505

(4) Compressed air – general.

(a) Never use compressed air or gas to clean clothing that is being worn. Never direct

compressed air or gas at a person.

(b) Do not use compressed air for cleaning unless:

(A) It is reduced at the source to less than 30 p.s.i. and then only with effective chip

guarding and personal protective equipment; or

(B) The outlet device or nozzle reduces end pressure to less than 30 p.s.i. when

dead-ended or placed against an object, then only with effective chip guarding and

personal protective equipment.

hose to begin whipping.

NOTE: See 4/P, OAR 437-004-2230 for standards about using tools run by compressed air.

(5) Piping systems.

(a) All piping systems and their component parts that carry air, steam or other material

at more than atmospheric pressure must safely withstand pressures to be placed upon

them.

(b) To be acceptable for pressure line service with gaseous substances, non-metallic

pipe must have its manufacturer’s recommendation and listing for compressed air or

gas service.

(A) Only use PVC pipe for compressed air if you bury or encase it.

(6) High temperature piping. High temperature is 140 degrees fahrenheit or higher.

(a) Cover all steam and other high temperature pipe lines within 7 feet of the floor or work

platform or passageway with noncombustible insulating material or otherwise protect it

against accidental contact with persons.

(b) All steam hose connections must be secure and maintained to be safe. Do not allow

the hose to begin whipping.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

COMPRESSED GASES

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-1525 M-3 Note – (3)

437-004-1525 Boilers and Steam Systems.

NOTE: The Oregon Building Codes Agency (Boiler and Pressure Vessel Section) is the authority for

Boilers and Pressure Vessels as defined in Oregon Boiler Pressure Vessel Law, ORS 480.510.

(1) All boilers and pressure vessels must meet minimum standards of design and operation

in the Oregon Boiler and Pressure Vessel Safety Law.

(2) Permanently mark each control valve, not at the pressure vessel, with its source and

function.

(3) Relief valve exhaust systems must withstand the forces involved. Their discharge must

not endanger workers.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

M-4

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MATERIAL HANDLING

Subdivision N N-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-1610 General Requirements ............................................................................... N-1

(1) Material storage ......................................................................................................... N-1

(2) Stacks and piles ........................................................................................................ N-1

(3) Bricks and blocks ....................................................................................................... N-2

(4) Lumber ....................................................................................................................... N-2

(5) Bagged materials ....................................................................................................... N-2

(6) Pipe and bar stock ..................................................................................................... N-2

(7) Drums, rolls, cylindrical objects ................................................................................. N-2

(8) Equipment design and construction .......................................................................... N-2

437-004-1630 Conveyors ................................................................................................... N-3

(1) Controls ..................................................................................................................... N-3

(2) Backstops and brakes ............................................................................................... N-3

(3) Loading, transfer and discharge points ..................................................................... N-3

(4) Guards ....................................................................................................................... N-3

(5) Portable conveyors .................................................................................................... N-3

(6) Riding prohibited ........................................................................................................ N-4

(7) Ramps, skids, rollways .............................................................................................. N-4

437-004-1670 Automotive Hoists....................................................................................... N-4

437-004-1680 Storage of Hazardous Chemicals .............................................................. N-4

437-004-1700 Forklifts and Other Powered Industrial Trucks ........................................... N-6

(1) General requirements ................................................................................................ N-6

(2) Safety guards ............................................................................................................. N-6

(3) Fuel handling and storage ......................................................................................... N-7

(4) Changing and charging storage batteries ................................................................. N-7

(5) Lighting for operating areas ....................................................................................... N-7

(6) Dockboards (bridge plates) ....................................................................................... N-7

(7) Trucks ........................................................................................................................ N-7

(8) Operator training ........................................................................................................ N-9

(9) Truck operations ........................................................................................................ N-9

(10) Traveling ................................................................................................................ N-10

(11) Loading .................................................................................................................. N-11

(12) Maintenance of powered industrial trucks ............................................................. N-11

(13) Control of gases and fumes .................................................................................. N-12

(14) ROPS requirements .............................................................................................. N-12

MATERIAL HANDLING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

Table of Contents N-ii Subdivision N

437-004-1750 Helicopters ................................................................................................ N-12

(1) Scope ....................................................................................................................... N-12

(2) Briefing ..................................................................................................................... N-12

(3) Flight path ................................................................................................................ N-12

(4) Area under the flight path ........................................................................................ N-12

(5) Drop zone – where .................................................................................................. N-12

(6) Drop zone – how big ................................................................................................ N-12

(7) Under the load of helicopter .................................................................................... N-12

(8) Landing .................................................................................................................... N-12

(9) Approach ................................................................................................................. N-12

(10) Loads ..................................................................................................................... N-12

(11) Electric cargo hooks .............................................................................................. N-13

(12) Hardhats ................................................................................................................ N-13

(13) Clothing .................................................................................................................. N-13

(14) Flying objects ......................................................................................................... N-13

(15) Hook approach ...................................................................................................... N-13

(16) Rubber gloves ....................................................................................................... N-13

(17) Weight limit ............................................................................................................ N-13

(18) Limited visibility ...................................................................................................... N-13

(19) Signal systems ....................................................................................................... N-13

(20) Approach limit ........................................................................................................ N-13

(21) Stay in view ............................................................................................................ N-13

(22) Communication ...................................................................................................... N-13

(23) Fire ......................................................................................................................... N-13

(24) Fueling ................................................................................................................... N-14

437-004-1805 Rope, Chain, Rigging, and Hoists ............................................................ N-14

(1) Scope ....................................................................................................................... N-14

(2) Definitions ................................................................................................................ N-14

(3) Loading and capacity ............................................................................................... N-15

(4) Inspection ................................................................................................................ N-15

(5) Operators – handling loads ..................................................................................... N-15

437-004-1825 Tackle and Hoisting Equipment ............................................................... N-15

(1) Blocks, sheaves, shackles and drums .................................................................... N-15

(2) Chains ...................................................................................................................... N-16

(3) Hooks and attachment devices ............................................................................... N-16

(4) Wire rope ................................................................................................................. N-17

(5) Cable clips or clamps .............................................................................................. N-17

(6) Fiber rope ................................................................................................................ N-18

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

437-004-1610 N-1 (1)(a) – (2)(b)

437-004-1610 General Requirements.

(1) Material storage.

(a) Storage of material must not create a hazard. Stack, block or interlock stored items

and limit their height so that they are stable and secure from sliding or collapse.

(b) Storage areas must be free from accumulated materials that are tripping, fire or

explosion hazards.

(d) Storage of toxic, flammable, radioactive, or irritating substances must comply with

other appropriate parts of this standard, Division 4.

(e) Where mechanical handling equipment is in use, there must be safe clearance in

aisles, at loading docks, through doorways and where turns are made. Aisles and

passageways must be clear and in good repair.

(f) Workers must not be under or near elevated loads and moving material unless they

have adequate protection.

(g) Block or crib loads suspended in slings or supported by hoists, jacks, or other

devices, before allowing workers to be underneath them.

(h) Do not drop or throw material from an elevation to other people.

(i) Use tag lines or guide ropes when manual control is needed over swinging loads.

(j) Load pallet boards, and trays so that the material is stable.

(k) Stored material must not obstruct lights and fire extinguishing equipment, including

sprinklers, aisles, exits, or electrical control panels.

(l) When storing materials that could cause hazardous reactions, segregate and mark

them with appropriate warning signs.

(2) Stacks and piles.

(a) All material stacks and piles must be on level and solid supports and be stable.

(b) Use binding strips or cross ties when needed to stabilize stacks and piles.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(a) – (8)(b) N-2 437-004-1610

(3) Bricks and blocks.

(a) Brick stacks must not be more than 7 feet high. When a loose brick stack reaches a

height of 4 feet, cross tie it and taper it back 2 inches for every foot of height more than

4-foot.

(b) When stacking masonry blocks more than 6 feet high, cross tie and taper them back

one-half block per tier above the 6-foot level.

(4) Lumber.

(a) Remove all nails from used lumber before stacking it.

(b) Lumber stacks must be made of units that are no more than 11/2 times higher than

the smallest dimension of their base.

(5) Bagged materials.

(a) Stack bagged materials by stepping back the layers and cross keying the bags at

least every 10 bags high.

Note: This requirement does not apply if pallets stabilize the stack of bagged materials.

(b) When removing bags from a pile, keep the pile stable.

(6) Pipe and bar stock. Take pipe and bar stock from the ends of unsecured piles, not from

the side.

(7) Drums, rolls, cylindrical objects.

(a) Barrels, drums, large pipe, rolls of paper, and other cylindrical objects piled on their

sides must have blocks to hold the bottom row. Separators between rows of the pile,

must have blocks at each end.

(b) There must be spacing strips between bundles.

(8) Equipment design and construction.

(a) All equipment, structures, and accessories used for handling or storing materials

must comply with sound engineering practices and the specifications and

recommendations of the manufacturer. They must support the loads acting on them in

addition to their own dead loads. Allow for wind, impact, erection and any special

loadings that may occur. No combination of these loads may cause a stress on any part

that exceeds the allowable stress for that part.

(b) Do not exceed equipment manufacturer’s recommended safe load capacities.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

CONVEYORS

437-004-1630 N-3 (1)(a) - (5)(b)

437-004-1630 Conveyors.

(1) Controls.

(a) The operator’s station must have a way to quickly stop the motor or engine.

(b) If the operator’s station is remote from the power source, there must be a way to

quickly stop the system at the motor or engine and at the operator’s station.

(2) Backstops and brakes. Inclined conveyors, where reversing or running away is a

hazard, must have anti-runaway backstop devices, or suitable guards.

(3) Loading, transfer and discharge points.

(a) Conveyor loading, transfer and discharge points must have a way to guard workers

from injury by moving material.

(b) The area around all loading and unloading points must be clear of obstructions.

(4) Guards.

(a) Screw conveyors must have guards to prevent contact with turning flights.

(b) Where a conveyor passes over a work area, aisles or thoroughfares, there must be

guards to prevent material from falling.

must have guards.

(d) Comply with Subdivision 4/O, OAR 437-004-1910, Machine Guarding, for guarding

conveyor drive mechanisms and power driven parts.

(e) Input conveyors for chippers, burners, furnaces, or other dangerous machines must

have guards to prevent workers from falling into the conveyor. If the machine operation

does not allow complete guarding of the opening, the worker must wear a life belt tied off

to a lifeline.

(f) Workers must not walk across or step over conveyors except on bridges or walkways.

(5) Portable conveyors.

(a) Portable conveyors must be stable at all operating ranges and must have devices or

be blocked to prevent unintended movement.

(b) Portable electric conveyors must be grounded. Wiring, switches, and electrical

connections outside and exposed to the weather must be weatherproof and dustproof.

CONVEYORS / AUTOMOTIVE HOISTS /

STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-1630(6) N-4 437-004-1680(1)(d) Notes

(6) Riding prohibited. Workers must not ride on a conveyor.

(7) Ramps, skids, rollways. Where the person putting material down a chute, ramp, skid,

or rollway does not have a clear view of a lower landing where workers might be, there must

be a working automatic warning device.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-1670 Automotive Hoists.

(1) Automotive hoists elevated with a load to a position that is a hazard, must be supported

by a safety device capable of preventing descent if the lift fails.

(2) Use the lifts according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and those of ANSI

B153.1-1990.

(3) Place vehicles on lifts according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-1680 Storage of Hazardous Chemicals.

(1) Store hazardous chemicals:

(a) Separately, to prevent hazardous reactions. Label storage areas by category to

prevent the mixing of incompatible types of chemicals. (Examples of categories include:

flammable liquids, acids, bases oxidizers.)

(b) In conformance with manufacturer’s instructions on the label or Safety Data Sheet

(SDS) to prevent conditions that could adversely affect container integrity or product

stability.

(d) Separate from sources of ignition. In locations where flammable vapors may be

present, take precautions to prevent fires by eliminating or controlling sources of ignition.

NOTES:

Division 4/L, 437-004-1440, requires that signs reading “No Smoking or Open Flame” or

“FLAMMABLE – KEEP FIRE AWAY” be posted in areas where flammable liquids are

received, stored or dispensed.

Chemical storage areas should comply with appropriate state and local fire codes. Identify

chemical storage buildings with a sign in accordance with NFPA 704.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

437-004-1680 N-5 (1) Note – (5) Note

Examples of ignition sources include open flames; smoking; cutting and welding activities; hot

surfaces and radiant heat; frictional heat; static, electrical, and mechanical sparks; and,

chemical and physical/chemical reactions.

(2) Ventilate storage areas, as needed to keep air contaminants below 25 percent of the

lower explosive limit (LEL).

NOTE: Permissible explosive limits (PELs) for substances listed in 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9000, Air

Contaminants, also apply.

(3) Provide natural or artificial lighting equal to 20 foot-candles for safe entry into the storage

area and to permit identification of chemical containers.

(4) Storage, handling, and removal of hazardous chemical containers must not cause

hazards to workers.

NOTES: Other Division 4 rules with requirements that may apply to chemical storage areas

include:

4/H: OAR 437-004-0720 Flammable Liquids.

4/H: OAR 437-004-0950 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response, when

employees are required to cleanup certain emergency chemical spills.

4/K: OAR 437-004-1305(5) Emergency eyewashes and shower equipment, if required for

emergency decontamination.

4/L, Fire: OAR 437-004-1430 through 1470, when storing or dispensing flammable liquids.

4/N: OAR 437-004-1610 General Requirements.

4/S, Electricity: OAR 437-004-2810 through 437-004-3075.

(5) The following additional requirements apply where storing Restricted Use Pesticides:

NOTE: Restricted Use Pesticides (RUPs) are a category of pesticide products that pose a higher risk

to people, animals, or the environment. They can only be purchased by and used under the

supervision of a person with a pesticide license.

(a) Lock the storage area to prevent access by unauthorized persons.

(b) Provide separate sections within the storage area for each category of pesticide product.

(Examples include: insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, fumigants.) Label these areas by general

category.

NOTE: The goal of separation is to prevent hazards to employees caused by the mixing of

incompatible chemicals and the contamination of one type of product, or storage surface with

a more toxic product due to a leak or spill.

or provided with secondary containment that prevents the absorption of the hazardous chemicals.

STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS / FORKLIFTS &

OTHER POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-1680(5) Note N-6 437-004-1700(2)(a)(B)

(d) When the storage area contains enough chemical that a leak or spill could cause the material

to leave the confines of the building, there must be sufficient containment or other means to

contain any leaks or spills within the storage area.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 3-2014, f. 8/8/14, ef. 8/8/14.

437-004-1700 Forklifts and Other Powered Industrial Trucks.

(1) General requirements.

(a) This section has safety requirements for the maintenance and use of fork trucks,

forklifts, platform lift trucks, motorized hand trucks, and other specialized industrial trucks

used in agriculture. These are considered vehicles and additional standards are found in

Division 4/U. This does not apply to compressed air or non-flammable compressed gas-

operated industrial trucks, nor to agricultural vehicles defined elsewhere in this standard,

nor to vehicles intended primarily for earth moving or over-the-road hauling.

(b) Modifications and additions that affect capacity and safe operation must have the

manufacturer’s prior written approval. Change the capacity, operation and maintenance

instruction plates, tags or decals to reflect any changes to the vehicle.

must identify the attachments and show the approximate weight of the truck and

attachment combination at maximum elevation with the load laterally centered.

(d) Keep nameplates and markings in place and legible.

(2) Safety guards.

(a) Overhead guards.

(A) If a lift truck operator could be struck by falling, or stacked objects, the truck must

have an overhead guard. The guard must be strong enough to support impact load

tests in Table 1:

Table 1

Rated Truck Capacity

at 24” Load Center

Impact Test (Load

X Drop Distance)

Minimum Weight

of Test Load

3,000 and under

3,001 to 5,000 lbs.

5,001 to 8,000 lbs.

8,001 to 14,000 lbs.

14,001 to 25,000 lbs.

25,001 and over

4,000 ft.-lbs.

8,000 ft.-lbs.

16,000 ft.-lbs.

24,000 ft.-lbs.

32,000 ft.-lbs.

36,000 ft.-lbs.

750 lbs.

1,500 lbs.

3,000 lbs.

(B) Guards that pass the test must have a metal tag permanently attached to the

canopy where reading it from the ground is easy. This tag must show the impact test

load, in foot-pounds to which similar guards have been tested.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FORKLIFTS & OTHER POWERED

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

437-004-1700 N-7 (2)(a)(B) Note – (4)(b)

Note: Guards required by (2)(a)(A) through (C), or by the following rules, do not have to

withstand the impact of a capacity load falling from any height.

strength or stronger.

Table 2

Rated Truck

Capacity

Round Pipe

Square Tube (CRS)

(Std.)

(X Heavy)

(XX Heavy)

(3/16" Wall)

(1/4" Wall)

3,000 and under

3,001 to 5,000 lbs.

5,001 to 8,000 lbs.

8,001 to 14,000 lbs.

14,001 to 25,000 lbs.

25,001 and over

1 1/2”

2”

2 1/2”

3”

---------

1 1/4”

1 1/2”

2”

2 1/2”

3 1/2”

4”

---------

1 1/2”

2”

3”

---------

1 1/4”

1 1/2”

2”

2 1/2”

3 1/2”

4”

---------

2 1/2”

3”

3 1/2”

(D) The construction of canopy guards built to comply with (C) above presumes four

upright members. Guards with less than four upright members must be equally

strong.

(i) Canopy type overhead guard frames must have structural rigidity.

(ii) All guard mountings or attaching brackets must provide adequate support to

the upright members of the canopy type overhead guard.

(iii) Cantilever overhead guards must be of equivalent strength.

(E) Guards must not interfere with good visibility. Openings in the top must not be

more than 6 inches in one of their two dimensions. Guards must be large enough

to extend over the operator under all normal circumstances of operation, including

forward tilt.

(i) If the mast-tilting mechanism fails, the overhead guard must not injure the

operator.

(ii) There must be at least 39 inches of clear vertical space between the

operator’s seat when depressed and the underside of the guard. There must be

at least 74 inches of clear vertical space between the platform for standing

operators and the underside of the guard.

Note: Where overall height of truck with forks in lowered position is limited by head room

conditions and there is insufficient space for vertical clearance or for the operator to assume a

normal driving position, normal overhead guard heights may be reduced, or the overhead guard

may be omitted. The height and stability of stacks of piled material, the weight of individual units

handled, and the operating space available must provide reasonable safety for the operator if

removing the overhead guard is necessary.

(b) Back rest. Lift trucks that handle small objects or loose units must have a vertical

load back rest.

FORKLIFTS & OTHER POWERED

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(4)(b)(A) – (7)(a) N-8 437-004-1700

(A) It must be strong enough to prevent the load or any part of it from falling toward

the operator.

(B) It must not interfere with good visibility.

have guards.

(3) Fuel handling and storage.

(a) Store and handle liquid fuels according to 4/H, OAR 437-004-0720.

(b) Store and handle liquefied petroleum gas fuel according to 4/H, OAR 437-004-0780.

(4) Changing and charging storage batteries.

(a) Battery chargers must be in areas that are safe for that purpose.

(b) There must be facilities for flushing and neutralizing spilled electrolyte, for fire

protection, for protecting charging apparatus from damage and for adequate ventilation.

large batteries that power electric forklifts.

(d) Use only a carboy tilter or siphon to handle electrolyte.

(e) Pour acid into water not water into acid when servicing batteries.

(f) Set truck brakes before changing or charging batteries.

(g) Vent caps must function and the battery compartment cover(s) must be open to

dissipate heat.

(h) There must be no smoking in the charging area.

(i) Prevent open flames, sparks, or electric arcs in battery charging areas.

(j) Keep tools and other metallic objects away from the top of uncovered batteries.

(5) Lighting for operating areas. Where general lighting is too dim, the vehicle must have

its own directional lighting.

(6) Dockboards (bridge plates). See 4/D, OAR 437-004-0390(1).

(7) Trucks.

(a) Set the brakes on trucks or chock the rear wheels to prevent them from rolling while

they are boarded with powered industrial trucks.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FORKLIFTS & OTHER POWERED

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

437-004-1700 N-9 (7)(b) – (9)(e)(A)

(b) Use nose jacks when necessary to support a semitrailer and prevent a nose dive

during the loading or unloading.

(8) Operator training.

(a) Develop and use a training program for operators of powered industrial trucks. The

employer or an outside training entity may give the training. It must contain at least the

following:

(A) A study and test portion covering at least the rules in this standard, the

information provided by the manufacturer for operation of the equipment and any

special information dictated by the operating environment.

(B) A behind-the-wheel driving portion, supervised by a person competent in the

operation of the particular equipment and familiar with the area and circumstances

of its use.

the location of its use.

(b) Only fully trained workers may operate powered industrial trucks, except those under

direct supervision as part of the behind-the-wheel training program.

the need for additional training, whichever is more frequent.

(d) Employers may not consider a new worker trained and qualified based on experience

from a previous employer unless the previous experience was on the same type of

equipment under substantially the same operating circumstances and the worker had a

safe operating record acceptable to the new employer.

(9) Truck operations.

(a) Do not drive a powered industrial truck up to anyone standing in front of a fixed

object.

(b) Do not stand or pass under the elevated part of a powered industrial truck.

or area intended for another rider.

(d) Do not put any part of the body between or reach through the uprights of the mast or

outside the running lines of the truck.

(e)

(A) Fully lower the forks or platform on an unattended powered industrial truck. Also,

neutralize the controls, turn off the power, and set the brakes. Block the wheels if it is

on an incline.

FORKLIFTS & OTHER POWERED

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(9)(e)(B) – (10)(c) N-10 437-004-1700

(B) Unattended is when the operator is 25 feet or more away but vehicle remains in

view or anytime the vehicle is not in view.

forks or platform must be down, the controls in neutral and the brakes set, unless

loading or unloading items to or from the forks or platform.

(f) Keep a safe distance from the edge of ramps or platforms while on an elevated dock,

platform or freight car.

(g) Whenever a truck has vertical only, or vertical and horizontal controls that elevate

with the lifting carriage or forks for lifting personnel, do the following:

(A) Use a safety platform secured to the lifting carriage and/or forks.

(B) Have a way for people on the platform to shut off power to the truck.

(h) When using a forklift to lift people, take the following precautions:

(A) Use a platform with standard guardrails secured to the lifting carriage or forks.

(B) The hydraulic system must not be able to drop faster than 135 feet per minute if

any part of the system fails.

(D) Someone must be in the normal operating position while raising or lowering the

platform.

(E) Other than very slow inching, do not move the truck from point-to-point with the

platform raised more than 4 feet while workers are on it.

(F) There must be a guard on the area between the platform and the mast to prevent

contact with chains or other shear points.

(10) Traveling.

(a) Climb or descend grades slowly.

(A) Drive loaded trucks with the load upgrade if the incline is steep enough to spill the

load.

(B) Tilt the load back and raise the forks or platform only as far as necessary to clear

the road surface.

(b) Drive only as fast as conditions permit, leaving enough time to stop.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

FORKLIFTS & OTHER POWERED

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

437-004-1700 N-11 (10)(d) – (12)(l)

(d) Do not run over loose objects.

(11) Loading.

(a) Do not handle loads heavier than the rated capacity of the truck.

(b) Treat trucks with attachments as partially loaded trucks when not handling a load.

backward to stabilize the load.

(d) Do not tilt forward with forks or platform elevated except to pick up a load. Do not tilt

an elevated load forward except when it is in a deposit position over a rack, chute or

stack. When stacking or tiering, use only enough backward tilt to stabilize the load.

(12) Maintenance of powered industrial trucks.

(a) If a powered industrial truck needs repair, take it out of service until repairs are done.

(b) Do not add fuel while the engine is running.

engine. Do not use the vehicle without the fuel filler cap in place.

(d) Do not use a flame to check the electrolyte level in batteries or the level in fuel tanks.

(e) Only authorized persons may repair powered industrial trucks.

(f) Disconnect the battery before working on the electrical system.

(g) Use only replacement parts that assure equivalent safety as the originals.

(h) Do not change the relative positions of parts from what they were when the vehicle

was made. Do not remove parts except as in (l) below. Do not add counter weighting

to fork trucks without approval by the manufacturer.

(i) Check powered industrial trucks daily before using them. Do not use them if any

condition is found that adversely affects the vehicle’s safety.

(j) Remove from service any vehicle that gives off hazardous sparks or flames.

(k) Keep powered industrial trucks clean, free of lint, excess oil, and grease. Clean the

trucks with noncombustible cleaners. Do not use low flash point (below 100 degrees F.)

solvents. Follow the directions on the cleaner’s label.

(l) You may convert powered industrial trucks from gasoline to liquefied petroleum gas

fuel if the converted truck complies with the specifications for LP or LPG trucks. Use only

approved conversion equipment.

FORKLIFTS & OTHER POWERED

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS / HELICOPTERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-1700(13) N-12 437-004-1750(10)

(13) Control of gases and fumes. Take effective measures to keep the concentration

levels of carbon monoxide gas created by powered industrial trucks below the levels in 4/Z,

OAR 437-004-9000.

(14) ROPS requirements. Rollover protective structures are covered in 4/U, OAR 437-004-

3650.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

437-004-1750 Helicopters.

(1) Scope. This applies to the use of helicopters to harvest ornamental trees.

(2) Briefing. You must hold a briefing before each day’s work that covers the safety and

communication procedures for the pilot and ground personnel.

(3) Flight path. There must be an established flight path from the pick up point. All

employees in the area must know this path before lifting the first load from a new job

site or when there is a change in procedures.

(4) Area under the flight path. Equipment or employees must not occupy the area under

the flight path during helicopter flight.

(5) Drop zone – where. A pilot and responsible supervisor must establish the location of

the drop zone, decking areas, loading areas, and designated safety zones, taking into

consideration current operating conditions. Notify all workers on the landing when a change

in operating procedures is necessary.

(6) Drop zone – how big. The landing drop zone must be large enough to handle all

incoming bundles of trees without crowding the landing crew.

(7) Under the load of helicopter. Workers must never be under the load or the helicopter

except one person to hook up or unhook the load. Workers may approach the load to pull

the rigging only after the helicopter leaves the area above the landing.

(8) Landing. Landings must have the minimal slope necessary for drainage in the drop

zone and decking area to prevent bundles from rolling.

(9) Approach. The approach to the landing must be as clear as possible.

(10) Loads. Loads must be properly slung. Tag lines must be short enough to prevent their

being drawn up into the rotors. On freely suspended loads, you must use pressed sleeves,

swedged eyes or equivalent means to prevent hand splices from spinning open or cable

clamps from loosening.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

HELICOPTERS

437-004-1750 N-13 (11) – (23)

(11) Electric cargo hooks. All electrically operated cargo hooks must have an electrical

activating device that prevents inadvertent operation. They must also have an emergency

mechanical control for releasing the load. A competent person must test the hooks before

each day’s operation to assure that the release functions properly, both electrically and

mechanically.

(12) Hardhats. Workers must wear hardhats secured with chin straps, eye protection and

other personal protective equipment when in the load receiving area.

NOTE: See Division 4/I for specific requirements about Personal Protective Equipment.

(13) Clothing. Workers must not wear loose-fitting clothing that could flap in rotor

downwash and snag on the hoist line.

(14) Flying objects. Take all necessary precautions to protect employees from flying

objects in the rotor downwash. Secure or remove all loose gear within 100 feet of the

pickup or landing area.

(15) Hook approach. There must be a safe way for employees to reach the hoist line hook

and engage or disengage cargo slings.

(16) Rubber gloves. Workers must wear rubber gloves when handling suspended lines or

they must use a grounding device to discharge static charges before touching the load.

(17) Weight limit. The weight of lifted loads must not exceed the helicopter manufacturer’s

rating.

(18) Limited visibility. The employer must ensure that when there is limited visibility

because of dust or other conditions workers use special caution to keep clear of main and

stabilizing rotors. The employer must also take precautions to eliminate, as far as practical,

the dust or other conditions reducing visibility.

(19) Signal systems. The employer must instruct the aircrew and ground personnel on

the signal systems in use and must review the system with the employees before flight

operations begin. This applies to both radio and hand signal systems.

(20) Approach limit. Do not allow workers to approach within 50 feet of the helicopter when

the rotor blades are turning, unless work duties require their presence in that area.

(21) Stay in view. Require employees who must approach the helicopter when blades are

rotating to approach or leave in full view of the pilot and stay in a crouched position. Do not

allow workers to be in the area from the cockpit or cabin rearward while blades are rotating.

(22) Communication. There must be constant reliable communication between the pilot

and a designated member of the ground crew in the pickup and landing area. The

designated member must be clearly distinguishable from other ground personnel.

(23) Fire. There must be no open fires where they could be spread by the rotor downwash.

HELICOPTERS / ROPE,CHAIN,

RIGGING, & HOISTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-1750(24)(a) N-14 437-004-1805(2)

(24) Fueling. Helicopter fueling areas must be separate from all other operations.

(a) Refueling of any type helicopter with aviation gasoline or Jet B (Turbine) type fuel

must never be allowed while the engine is running.

(b) Refuel helicopters that use Jet A (turbine kerosene) type fuel with engines running

only if these criteria are met:

(A) No unauthorized employees are within 50 feet of the operation or equipment, and;

(B) Fire extinguishers are available and have a combined rating of at least

16A:160BC.

extinguishing equipment.

(d) There must be no smoking, open flames, exposed flame heaters, flare pots or open

flame lights within 50 feet of the fueling area or fueling equipment. The fueling area must

be posted with “NO SMOKING” signs.

EXCEPTION: Aircraft pre-heaters are exempt. However, do not fuel while the heaters are in

operation.

(e) Before refueling, ground the fueling equipment and the helicopter and electrically

bond the fueling nozzle to the helicopter. Using conductive hose does not accomplish

this bonding. All grounding and bonding connections must be electrically and

mechanically firm to clean unpainted metal parts.

(f) Pump fuel only by hand or power, do not pour or use gravity flow. Nozzles must be

self-closing or have deadman controls and must not be blocked open. Do not drag

nozzles on the ground.

(g) In case of a spill, immediately stop fueling until the person in charge determines that it

is safe to resume the operation.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-1805 Rope, Chain, Rigging, and Hoists.

(1) Scope. These are standards for the safe use of hoists, rope, chain, and fittings.

(2) Definitions.

Mousing – Using small cordage or wire to prevent unintended separation of rigging

components.

Rope – Wire rope unless otherwise specified.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ROPE, CHAIN, RIGGING, & HOISTS /

TACKLE & HOISTING EQUIPMENT

437-004-1805(3) N-15 437-004-1825(1)(b)

(3) Loading and capacity. Do not load any rigging equipment or hoisting device more than

its rated safe working load or capacity.

(4) Inspection. Inspect rigging and hoisting devices before use and as necessary during

use to ensure safety. Immediately remove from service defective rigging or hoisting devices.

(5) Operators – handling loads.

(a) Workers must not ride hooks, slings, rigging, or loads. Suspend or elevate a person

only when using a safe personnel lift.

(b) Personnel lift must meet these requirements:

(A) The structure must be rigid and strong enough to support loads with a safety

factor of four times the intended load.

(B) The personnel lift must be big enough to accommodate all persons without

crowding, and to provide sufficient work space so workers will not hinder or

obstruct each other.

OAR 437-004-0320(6) for guardrail design specifications.)

(D) The personnel lift must have supports on all four corners that provide full stability

against tipping while occupied.

(E) Secure the load lifting attachment for the personnel lift to the crane or derrick

hook in a way that will prevent accidental release.

EXCEPTION: In an emergency, anyone may give a “stop” signal; such signal must be obeyed.

(d) All persons must be in the clear before a signal is given to move a load or equipment.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-1825 Tackle and Hoisting Equipment.

(1) Blocks, sheaves, shackles and drums.

(a) Use only sheaves and drums with diameters recommended by the wire rope

manufacturer for the size rope.

(b) Secure all pins, including bearing and yoke pins, of all blocks against accidental

displacement.

TACKLE & HOISTING EQUIPMENT

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1)(c) – (3)(c) N-16 437-004-1825

(d) Sheaves carrying ropes that can be momentarily unloaded must have close-fitting

guards or other suitable devices to guide the rope back into the groove when the load is

applied again.

(e) Secure shackle pins used to hang blocks, jacks, or rigging, or that have hoisting

chain, with: a bolt, nut and cotter pin (safety-type shackle); a screw pin with cotter pin; or

they must be securely moused.

(f) Shackles used to hang blocks, jacks, or other rigging that can experience stress

greater than that imposed by a single part of the pulling line must have a strength

equal to but not less than two times the stress imposed by the pulling line.

(g) All shackles used for joining or attaching lines must have a strength of not less than

1 1/2 times that of the lines they join.

(h) Use clamps, socketing or other equal ways to securely fasten ends of lines attached

to drums. Always keep at least two wraps of lines on drums.

(i) Do not guide lines onto drums with your hands in direct contact with the line. Use a

guide pulley, tool, stick or other mechanical means to guide lines onto drums.

(2) Chains.

(a) Repair or remove from use hoisting chain when the increase in length (stretch) of

the measured section exceeds 5 percent; or when there is a bent, twisted, or otherwise

damaged link, or when raised scarfs or defective welds appear.

(b) Do not tie knots in a chain.

they are stronger than the chain.

(d) End fastenings must be capable of holding sustained loads equal to the breaking

strength of the chain.

(3) Hooks and attachment devices.

(a) Remove from service any distorted or deformed hooks, rings, shackles, and other

attachment devices or end fastenings.

(b) Do not use makeshift hooks, links, or fasteners such as those formed from rods,

bolts, etc., or other such devices. Use only approved factory-made attachments or

fasteners.

hook, use a safety-type hook or other device.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

TACKLE & HOISTING EQUIPMENT

437-004-1825 N-17 (4)(a) - (5)(e)

(4) Wire rope.

(a) Wire rope and replacement wire rope must be the same size, same or better grade,

and same construction as originally furnished by the equipment manufacturer or

contemplated in the design, unless otherwise recommended by the equipment or wire

rope manufacturer.

(b) Guard running wire ropes if they are within 7 feet of the floor or platform.

Use thimbles of proper size for the rope in all eye-splices to prevent friction and chafing

of the eye.

(d) Remove from use wire rope used as guys, for hoisting or supporting objects, in cable-

operated components, and on winches or drums, when any of the following exist:

(A) In standing ropes, more than two broken wires in one lay in sections beyond end

connections or more than one broken wire at an end connection.

(B) Corroded, damaged, or improperly aligned end connections.

(D) Wear of 1/3 the original diameter of outside individual wires. Kinking, crushing,

bird caging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure.

(E) Reductions from nominal diameter exceeding those in Table 1.

Table 1

Rope Size (inches)

Max Reduction (inches)

Up to 5/16

3/8 to 1/2

9/16 to 3/4

7/8 to 1 1/8

1 1/4 to 1 1/2

1/16

1/32

3/64

1/16

3/32

(5) Cable clips or clamps.

(a) When using cable clips or clamps for forming eyes, apply the U-bolt so that the “U”

section contacts the dead end of the rope.

TACKLE & HOISTING EQUIPMENT

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(b) – (6)(c) N-18 437-004-1825

(b) When using U-bolt rope clips for forming eyes, use Table 2 to figure the number and

spacing of clips.

Table 2

Rope Diameter

(inches)

Number of Clips

Minimum Spacing

(inches)

Drop Forged

Other Material

1/8 to 1/4

5/16 to 3/8

7/16 to 9/16

5/8

3/4

7/8

1 1/8

1 1/2

2 1/4

3 3/4

4 1/2

5 1/4

6 3/4

and subject to frequent inspection. Clips and clamps must be the correct size and

properly applied. (See (5)(a) and (5)(b) above.)

(d) Do not use cable clips or clamps for joining lines except where transferring slack lines

from one place to another.

(e) Do not use knots or combination knots and cable clip or clamp attachments as end

connections for any hoisting rope or sling.

EXCEPTION: This rule does not apply to drop hammers of pile drivers.

(6) Fiber rope.

(a) Inspect fiber rope frequently. Do not use rope that shows visual signs of excessive

wear, abuse, spots indicating caustic or acid damage, or other defect that would reduce

the rated strength below the safe working load.

NOTE: The following procedure is recommended for inspection of rope:

(1) Examine the entire length of the rope for cuts or severe abrasions.

(2) Look for spots indicating acid damage.

(3) If there are acid spots, throw a twist in and out of the rope where the spots are; take

a short kink in the rope and put on a strain. If the rope has acid damage, you will notice a

weakness of the fibers.

(b) In manila rope, eye splices must have at least three full tucks, and short splices must

have at least six full tucks (three on each side of the centerline of the splice).

splices at least eight full tucks (four on each side of the centerline of the splice).

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

TACKLE & HOISTING EQUIPMENT

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-1825 N-19 (6)(d) - (6)(h)

(d) In fiber rope splices, do not trim strand end tails short (flush with the surface of the

rope) immediately adjacent to the full tucks. This precaution applies to both eye and

short splices and all types of fiber rope.

(e) For all eye splices in fiber rope, the eye must be big enough to provide an included

angle not more than 60 degrees at the splice when the eye is over the load or support.

(f) Do not use knots instead of splices for joining fiber hoist ropes.

(g) When not in use, store fiber rope under cover in a clean, dry, well-ventilated place,

free from excessive heat, and protected against corrosives and acid.

(h) Do not use frozen fiber rope. Do not heat frozen rope to thaw it out.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

N-20

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Subdivision O O-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-1910 General Equipment Guarding ................................................................... O-1

(1) Scope ......................................................................................................................... O-1

(2) Definitions .................................................................................................................. O-1

(3) Operating instructions ................................................................................................ O-1

(4) Methods of guarding .................................................................................................. O-1

(5) Strength and design of guards .................................................................................. O-2

(6) Guarding by location .................................................................................................. O-2

(7) Guarding by railings ................................................................................................... O-2

(8) Servicing and maintenance ....................................................................................... O-2

(9) Miscellaneous general requirements ........................................................................ O-2

(10) Machine controls ..................................................................................................... O-3

(11) Anchoring fixed machinery ...................................................................................... O-3

437-004-1940 Farm Field Equipment ............................................................................... O-3

(1) Application ................................................................................................................. O-3

(2) Definition .................................................................................................................... O-3

(3) Power take-off guarding ............................................................................................ O-3

(4) Other power transmission components ..................................................................... O-4

(5) Functional components ............................................................................................. O-4

(6) Access to moving parts ............................................................................................. O-4

(7) Electrical disconnect means ...................................................................................... O-4

(8) Additional requirements ............................................................................................. O-5

437-004-1970 Farmstead Equipment ............................................................................... O-5

(1) Application ................................................................................................................. O-5

(2) Definition .................................................................................................................... O-6

(3) Power take-off guarding ............................................................................................ O-6

(4) Other power transmission components ..................................................................... O-6

(5) Functional components ............................................................................................. O-6

(6) Access to moving parts ............................................................................................. O-7

(7) Additional guarding requirements ............................................................................. O-7

437-004-2000 Powered Saws ........................................................................................... O-8

(1) Scope ......................................................................................................................... O-8

(2) General ...................................................................................................................... O-8

(3) Machine controls and equipment .............................................................................. O-9

(4) Band saws ................................................................................................................. O-9

(5) Radial arm saws ...................................................................................................... O-10

(6) Table saws ............................................................................................................... O-10

(7) Wobble saws ........................................................................................................... O-11

(8) Cracks in blades ...................................................................................................... O-11

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

Table of Contents O-ii Subdivision O

437-004-2100 Grinders ................................................................................................... O-11

(1) Scope ....................................................................................................................... O-11

(2) Definitions ................................................................................................................ O-11

(3) Use ........................................................................................................................... O-11

(4) Mounting .................................................................................................................. O-12

(5) Safety guards ........................................................................................................... O-12

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

437-004-1910 O-1 (1) – (4)(a)(B)

437-004-1910 General Equipment Guarding.

(1) Scope – These are general requirements that apply to all equipment.

(2) Definitions.

Ground driven components – Components powered by the turning motion of a wheel

as the equipment travels over the ground.

Guard or shield – A barrier to protect against contact with a moving machine part.

Point of operation – The area of a machine that contacts the work material.

Power take-off shafts – Shafts and universal joints between the tractor, or other power

source, and the first gear set, pulley, sprocket, or other components on power take-off

shaft driven equipment.

(3) Operating instructions.

(a) Instruct every employee on their initial assignment about the safe operation and

servicing of all equipment they will use. Renew this instruction at least annually.

Include at least these safe practices:

(A) Keep all guards in place when the machine is in use;

(B) Permit no riders on farm field equipment other than persons required for

instruction or assistance;

stop before servicing, adjusting, cleaning, or unclogging the equipment. Instruct

employees in the safe procedures necessary to service or maintain the equipment

when it must remain running;

(D) Make sure everyone is clear of machinery before starting the engine, engaging

power, or operating the machine;

(E) Refer to and comply with 4/J, OAR 437-004-1275, Lockout/Tagout.

(4) Methods of guarding.

(a) Except as otherwise stated, prevent contact with moving machinery parts as follows:

(A) By a guard or shield or guarding by location;

(B) When a guard or shield or guarding by location is infeasible, use a guardrail or

fence.

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(a) – (9) O-2 437-004-1910

(5) Strength and design of guards.

(a) Design and place guards to protect against inadvertent contact with the hazard.

NOTE: Minimum requirements for guards are in Table 1.

Table 1

Material

Clearance From

Moving Parts at all

Points (inches)

Largest Mesh or

Opening Allowable

(inches)

Minimum Gauge (U.S.

Standard) or

Thickness

Woven Wire

Under 2

2-4

4-15

3/8

1/2

No. 16 Gauge

No. 12 Gauge

Expanded Metal

Under 4

4-15

1/2

No. 18 Gauge

No. 13 Gauge

Perforated Metal

Under 4

4-15

1/2

No. 20 Gauge

No. 14 Gauge

Sheet Metal

Under 15

No. 22 Gauge

Plastic

Under 15

Tensile strength of

10,000 lb/in (2)

(b) Unless otherwise specified, each guard and its supports must be able to withstand

the force applied to it.

the equipment or building.

(6) Guarding by location. A component is guarded by location during operation,

maintenance, or servicing when, because of its location, no employee can inadvertently

come in contact with the hazard.

(7) Guarding by railings. Use guardrails or fences to protect employees from inadvertently

entering the hazardous area.

(8) Servicing and maintenance. When a moving machinery part presents a hazard during

servicing or maintenance, stop the engine, disconnect the power source, and wait for all

machine movement to stop before proceeding, except where the employer can establish

that:

(a) the equipment must be running for proper service or maintenance; and

(b) service or maintenance is not possible while a guard or guards required by these

rules are in place.

(9) Miscellaneous general requirements. Cover or install a guard on machines that throw

stock, material, or objects. (Such machines as rip saws, rotary mowers and beaters, rotary

tillers are a few in this classification.)

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

437-004-1910(10)(a) O-3 437-004-1940(3)(c)

(10) Machine controls.

(a) A power control switch to stop the machine or machine feed must be within reach of

the operator without leaving their normal operating position.

(b) Mark the power control switch to indicate its function and the machine that it controls.

Indicate the positions of ON and OFF.

have one or more stop buttons at or near to the working position of the operator(s).

(d) Locate and guard the machine control switch to prevent its unexpected or accidental

movement. Recess electrical switch “Start” buttons.

(11) Anchoring fixed machinery. Securely anchor machines designed for a fixed location

to prevent walking or moving.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-1940 Farm Field Equipment.

(1) Application.

Rule 437-004-1940 applies to all farm field equipment except that the parts below do not

apply to equipment manufactured before October 25, 1976:

1940(4)

1940(5)

1940(6)(b)(A)

(2) Definition.

Farm field equipment – Tractors or implements, including self-propelled implements, or

any combination.

(3) Power take-off guarding.

(a) Guard all power take-off shafts with a master shield or by other protective guarding.

(b) Tractors must have a master shield or guard strong enough to support the operator if

they get on or off the tractor using the shield as a step.

with rotating parts of the power drive system. Where power take-off driven equipment

requires removal of the tractor master shield, ensure the equipment includes protection

from that portion of the tractor power take-off shaft that protrudes from the tractor.

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(d) – (7)(a) O-4 437-004-1940

(d) There must be signs on tractors and power take-off driven equipment to remind

operators to keep safety shields in place.

(4) Other power transmission components.

(a) Guard the mesh or nip points of all power driven gears, belts, chains, sheaves,

pulleys, sprockets, and idlers by protective shield, location, guardrail or fence.

(b) Guard all revolving shafts, including projections such as bolts, keys, or set screws, by

protective shield, location, or guardrail or fence.

(A) Smooth off shafts and shaft ends (without any projecting bolts, keys, or set

screws), revolving at less than 10 rpm, on feed handling equipment used on the

top surface of materials in bulk storage facilities; and

(B) Smooth off shaft ends protruding less than one-half the outside diameter of the

shaft and its locking means.

(5) Functional components. Guard as much as possible, all moving parts that must be

exposed to operate. Ensure the guard does not interfere with the normal operation of the

equipment. Examples of these components are snapping or husking rolls, straw spreaders

and choppers, cutterbars, flail rotors, rotary beaters, mixing augers, feed rolls, conveying

augers, rotary tillers, and similar units.

(6) Access to moving parts.

(a) Ensure that guards, shields, and access doors are in place when equipment is

running.

(b) Where removal of a guard or access door will expose an employee to any component

that continues to rotate after the power is disengaged, provide the following:

(A) A readily visible or audible warning of rotation; and

(B) A safety sign warning the employee to:

(i) Look and listen for evidence of rotation; and

(ii) Not remove the guard or access door until all components stop.

(7) Electrical disconnect means.

(a) Prevent application of electrical power from a location not under the immediate and

exclusive control of the employee or employees maintaining or servicing equipment by:

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

437-004-1940(7)(a)(A) O-5 437-004-1970(1)

(A) Providing an exclusive, positive locking means on the main or ignition switch

which can be operated only by the employee or employees performing the

maintenance and servicing; or

(B) In the case of material handling equipment in a bulk storage structure, by

physically locating on the equipment an electrical or mechanical means to disconnect

the power.

(b) Ensure all circuit protection devices, including those that are an integral part of a

motor, are of the manual reset type.

(A) The employer can establish that because of the nature of the operation, distances

involved and the amount of time normally spent by employees in the area of the

affected equipment, use of the manual reset device would be infeasible;

(B) There is an electrical disconnect switch available to the employee within 15 feet

of the equipment being maintained or serviced; and

use the electrical disconnect switch, the motor could automatically reset while the

employee is working on the hazardous component.

(8) Additional requirements.

(a) Use a clutch or other effective means for stopping powered machines not driven by

an individual motor.

(b) Ensure sufficient clearance for all friction clutches and keep them adjusted to prevent

any drag or creeping when disengaged.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-1970 Farmstead Equipment.

(1) Application.

Rule 437-004-1970 applies to all farmstead equipment except that the parts below do not

apply to equipment manufactured before October 25, 1976:

1970(4)

1970(5)

1970(6)(b)(A)

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(2) – (5)(b) O-6 437-004-1970

(2) Definition.

Farmstead equipment – Equipment that is normally stationary. This includes, but is

not limited to, material handling equipment and accessories for this equipment whether

or not it is an integral part of a building.

(3) Power take-off guarding.

(a) Guard all power take-off shafts with either a master shield or by other protective

guarding.

(b) Guard power take-off driven equipment to prevent contact with positively driven

rotating parts of the power drive system. If power take-off driven equipment requires

removal of the tractor master shield, ensure that the equipment includes protection from

that part of the tractor power take-off shaft that protrudes from the tractor.

safety shields in place.

(4) Other power transmission components.

(a) Guard the mesh or nip points of all power driven gears, belts, chains, sheaves,

pulleys, sprockets, and idlers by protective shield, location, guardrail or fence.

(b) Guard all revolving shafts, including projections such as bolts, keys, or set screws, by

protective shield, location, or guardrail or fence.

(A) Smooth off shafts and shaft ends (without any projecting bolts, keys, or set

screws), revolving at less than 10 rpm, on feed handling equipment used on the

top surface of materials in bulk storage facilities; and

(B) Smooth off shaft ends protruding less than one-half the outside diameter of the

shaft and its locking means.

(5) Functional components.

(a) Guard to the fullest extent all functional components that must be exposed to operate.

The guard must not substantially interfere with the normal operation of the equipment.

Examples of these components are choppers, rotary beaters, mixing augers, feed rolls,

conveying augers, grain spreaders, stirring augers, sweep augers, and feed augers.

(b) Guard sweep arm material gathering mechanisms on the top surface of materials

within silo structures. Locate the lower or leading edge of the guard no more than

12 inches above the material surface and no less than 6 inches in front of the leading

edge of the rotating member of the gathering mechanism. Ensure the guard is parallel

to and extends the fullest practical length of the material gathering mechanism.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

437-004-1970 O-7 (5)(c) – (7)(a)

where no workers are present except for installation or removal of the sweep arm

material gathering mechanisms. During such work, disconnect and lockout the electrical

power source following the procedures in OAR 437-004-1275, Division 4/J, Lockout/

Tagout.

(d) Guard exposed auger flighting on portable augers with either grating type guards or

solid baffle style covers as follows:

(A) Ensure the largest dimensions or openings in grating type guards through which

materials must flow are 4 3/4 inches. Ensure the area of each opening is no larger

than 10 square inches. Locate the opening no closer to the rotating flighting than

2 1/2 inches.

(B) Ensure slotted openings in solid baffle style covers are not wider than 1

1/2 inches, or closer than 3 1/2 inches to the exposed flighting.

permit the free flow of material that has a tendency to bridge over. Ensure these

openings are no larger than required for proper functioning of the auger. Design,

arrange or locate the guard so that no part of an employee’s body may contact the

auger flighting.

(6) Access to moving parts.

(a) Ensure that guards, shields, and access doors are in place when the equipment is in

operation.

(b) Where removal of a guard or access door will expose an employee to any component

that continues to move after the power is disengaged, provide the following:

(A) A readily visible or audible warning of rotation; and

(B) A safety sign warning the employee to:

(i) Look and listen for evidence of rotation; and

(ii) Not remove the guard or access door until all parts stop.

fan are less than 7 feet above the floor or working level.

(7) Additional guarding requirements.

(a) Properly safeguard carton or bag stitching machines to prevent employees from

contacting the stitching head and other pinch or nip points.

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-1970(7)(b) O-8 437-004-2000(2)(g)

(b) Guard the point of operation of all machines. Design and construct the guard

to prevent any part of the operator’s body from being in the danger zone during the

operating cycle.

NOTE: Table 2 gives the distances that point-of-operation guards must be from the guarding line

in relation to the size of the opening.

Table 2

Guarding Line or Distance of Opening from

Point of Operation Hazard (inches)

Maximum Width of Opening (inches)

1/2 to 1 1/2

1 1/2 to 2 1/2

2 1/2 to 3 1/2

3 1/2 to 5 1/2

5 1/2 to 6 1/2

6 1/2 to 7 1/2

7 1/2 to 12 1/2

12 1/2 to 15 1/2

15 1/2 to 17 1/2

17 1/2 to 31 1/2

1/4

3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

7/8

1 1/4

1 1/2

1 7/8

2 1/8

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2000 Powered Saws.

(1) Scope – This applies to nonportable powered saws.

(2) General.

(a) Machines must not vibrate when the tool is run at full speed.

(b) Arbors and mandrels must have firm and secure bearing and be free from play.

control of each stroke.

(d) Saw frames and tables must have lugs cast on the frame or an equivalent way to limit

the size of the saw blade to avoid overspeed.

(e) Circular saw fences must attach to the table or table assembly without changing their

alignment with the saw. The fences for tilting tables or tilting arbors must remain parallel

with the saw regardless of the angle of the saw with the table.

(f) Circular saw gages must slide in accurately machined grooves or tracks to insure

exact alignment with the saw for all positions of the guide.

(g) Hinged saw tables must be lockable in any position and in alignment with the saw.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

437-004-2000 O-9 (2)(h) – (4)(b)

(h) Guard all belts, pulleys, gears, shafts, and moving parts to comply with OAR 437-004-

1970, Division 4/O.

(i) Electrically ground all equipment to comply with OAR 437-004-2810, Division 4/S.

(j) A guard must cover the rear portion of the saw beneath or behind the table when

exposed to contact. An exhaust hood may serve this purpose if appropriate.

(k) Do not mount any saw, cutter head or tool collar on a machine not made to work with

them.

(l) There must be combs (featherboards) or suitable jigs to use when a standard guard

cannot be used, like for dadoing, grooving, jointing, moulding, and rabbeting.

(3) Machine controls and equipment.

(a) There must be a mechanical or electrical power control switch so the operator does

not have to leave the point of operation to shut off the machine.

(b) Use a locking-type belt shifter or other positive device on machines driven by belts

and shafting.

power failure.

(d) Locate power and operating controls within reach of the operator. Do not allow

the operator to reach over the cutter head to make adjustments. This does not apply

to constant pressure controls used only for setup.

(e) Provide a positive means to make electric motor driven machine controls and devices

inoperable during repairs or adjustments.

(f) Protect foot-operated controls from unexpected or accidental activation.

(g) Cover feed rolls, of feeder attachments, to protect the operator from contacting

hazardous parts.

(4) Band saws.

(a) Completely enclose band wheels. Construct guards of at least No. 14 U.S. gauge

metal, nominal 2-inch wood material, or mesh or perforated metal of not less than U.S.

gauge No. 20 with 3/8-inch or smaller openings.

(b) Enclose all portions of the band saw blade except the working side of the blade

between the guide and the table.

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(a) – (6)(f) O-10 437-004-2000

(5) Radial arm saws.

(a) Radial arm saws must have a hood that completely encloses the upper portion of the

blade down to a point that includes the end of the saw arbor.

(b) The saw blade must not extend beyond the front edge of the table or roll case.

the material during the entire cut.

(d) When ripping, radial arm saws must have anti-kickback fingers on each side of the

saw.

(e) Mark the direction of saw rotation on the hood.

(f) Attach a permanent warning sign prohibiting rip or plough cuts from the rear of the

guard. Rip and plough only against the direction of blade rotation.

(g) Blades or cutting heads on radial arm saws must automatically return gently and stay

at the back of the table.

NOTE: Use a counterweight or other effective means, a retractor device, or tilt the arm

sufficiently to keep the saw at the back when released by the operator.

(6) Table saws.

(a) Circular crosscut table saws must have a hood that covers the saw at least to the

depth of the teeth.

(b) The hood must automatically adjust itself to the thickness of and remain in contact

with, the material being cut. When the guard may mar the surfaces of material, it may be

raised slightly to avoid contact.

(d) Fully guard rip table saws, and combination rip and crosscut table saws as required in

OAR 437-004-2000(4)(a) and (b). They must have a spreader and anti-kickback fingers.

The spreader is not necessary when rabbeting, ploughing, grooving or for cutting dados.

(e) Fully guard the part of the table saw beneath the table.

(f) Use push sticks to guide short stock and ends through table saws without self-feeding

devices.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

437-004-2000(7) O-11 437-004-2100(3)(b)

(7) Wobble saws. Do not insert wedges between a saw disk and its collar to form a “wobble

saw” for rabbeting.

NOTE: This rule does not apply to properly designed and adjustable rabbeting blades.

(8) Cracks in blades. Do not use a circular saw blade with a crack greater in length than

those in the following table:

Length of crack

Diameter of saw in inches

1/2-inch

1-inch

1 1/2-inch

12 inches

24 inches

36 inches

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

437-004-2100 Grinders.

(1) Scope – These rules apply to all grinders except:

Standards for portable, hand-held power-driven grinders are in OAR 437-004-2230,

Division 4/P.

Natural sandstone wheels.

Metal, wooden, cloth or paper wheels or discs with a layer or layers of abrasive on the

surface.

(2) Definitions.

Abrasive wheel – cutting device made of abrasive grains held together by organic or

inorganic bonds, including diamond and reinforced wheels.

Off-hand grinding – The grinding of anything held in the operator’s hand.

Portable grinding – A grinding operation where the grinding machine is hand held and

easily moved from one place to another.

Safety guard – An enclosure for an abrasive wheel. It has a peripheral and two side

members. Its purpose and design is to contain the pieces of the wheel if the wheel

breaks while in use.

(3) Use.

(a) Mount grinders securely on the floor, bench, foundation or other structure.

(b) Do not use grinders that vibrate or are out-of-balance.

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(c) – (5)(b)(B) O-12 437-004-2100

(d) Off-hand grinding machines must have work rests that are:

(A) Rigid and adjustable to compensate for wheel wear.

(B) Kept adjusted to within 1/8-inch of the wheel to prevent work from jamming

between the wheel and the rest.

(e) Do not adjust a moving wheel.

(f) Do side grinding only on wheels designed for that purpose.

NOTE: Dressing on the side of straight wheels is acceptable only with very light pressure.

(4) Mounting.

(a) Assure that grinding wheels fit freely but not loosely on the spindle and remain free

under all grinding conditions.

(b) Do not operate an abrasive wheel designed to be held by flanges unless it is properly

mounted between suitable flanges. Flanges must be at least one-third the diameter of

the wheel, except for those types requiring flanges of a special design.

to insure uniform distribution of flange pressure.

(d) Properly position the safety guard after mounting a wheel.

(e) Run the grinder at operating speed after mounting an abrasive wheel with the safety

guard in place or in a protected enclosure for at least one minute before using it. Keep

employees away from the front of the wheel during this time.

(f) Do not use wheels larger than those recommended by the manufacturer.

(5) Safety guards.

(a) Use abrasive wheels larger than 2 inches in diameter only on machines with safety

guards.

(b) These do not require safety guards:

(A) Specially-shaped abrasive wheels mounted in a mandrel-type bench or floor

stand and used for and commonly known as “sickle grinding stones or wheels.”

(B) Abrasive wheels where the work itself provides full protection but only while the

wheel is within the area of protection.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

EQUIPMENT GUARDING

– END OF DOCUMENT –

437-004-2100 O-13 (5)(b)(B) Note – (5)(e)

NOTE: Abrasive wheel safety guards must meet the design specifications of the American

National Standard Code for the Use, Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels (ANSI B7.1-

1988).

projection of the wheel. Guard the sides and periphery of the wheel except for that

degree of exposure permitted below.

(A) Bench and floor stands.

(i) The maximum permissible angle of exposure is 90 degrees. Begin this

exposure at a point not more than 65 degrees above the horizontal plane of the

wheel spindle.

(ii) Do not exceed 125 degrees exposure where the nature of the work requires

contact with the wheel below the horizontal plane of the spindle. Begin this

exposure at a point not more than 65 degrees above the horizontal plane of the

wheel spindle.

(B) Swing frame grinders. The maximum permissible angle of exposure is 180 de-

grees. Enclose the top half of the wheel.

phery where the work contacts the top of the wheel.

(d) The peripheral protecting part of safety guards must adjust to compensate for wheel

wear when the operator stands in front of the opening.

(e) Maintain 1/4-inch between the wheel periphery and the adjustable tongue or the

guard above the wheel.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

O-14

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

SMALL TOOLS

Subdivision P P-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-2220 General Requirements – Small Tools ........................................................ P-1

437-004-2230 Guarding and Operation of Portable Powered Tools ................................. P-2

(1) Portable powered tools ............................................................................................... P-2

(2) Pneumatic tools and hose .......................................................................................... P-3

(3) Portable abrasive wheels ........................................................................................... P-4

(4) Tools driven by internal combustion engines ............................................................. P-8

(5) Explosive actuated fastening tools ............................................................................. P-9

437-004-2240 Power Lawnmowers ................................................................................. P-13

(1) General requirements ............................................................................................... P-13

(2) Walk-behind and riding rotary mowers ..................................................................... P-14

(3) Walk-behind rotary mowers ...................................................................................... P-14

(4) Riding rotary mowers ................................................................................................ P-15

437-004-2260 Other Portable Tools and Equipment ....................................................... P-16

(1) Jacks ......................................................................................................................... P-16

(2) Abrasive blast cleaning nozzles ............................................................................... P-16

(3) Hand powered equipment ........................................................................................ P-16

(4) Wheelbarrows, hand trucks, dollies, pallet jacks ..................................................... P-17

(5) Varmint killers (explosive gas and oxygen) .............................................................. P-17

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and Health Division

P-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS –

SMALL TOOLS

437-004-2220 P-1 (1) – (11) Note

437-004-2220 General Requirements – Small Tools.

(1) Employers are responsible for the safe condition of tools and equipment used by

employees. This includes tools and equipment that belong to employees.

(2) Do not use defective tools.

(3) When not in use, place tools where they will not create a hazard.

(4) Do not use tools whose electric cords have damaged insulation or defective parts.

(5) Do not leave power supply lines or hoses where they may be damaged or create a

hazard.

(6) Tool handles must have no sharp edges or splinters and must be firmly attached to the

tool. Wooden handles of tools must be of firm straight grained stock.

(7) Dress or grind the heads of shock tools (such as hammers, sledges, and cold chisels) as

they begin to mushroom or crack. When they show a tendency to chip, take them out of

service.

(8) Keep the cutting edges of tools uniformly sharp.

(9) Use heavy leather holsters, guards or equivalent protection for sharp-edged or sharp-

pointed tools carried on the worker’s person.

(10) When using sharp-edged cutting tools, wear appropriate protective equipment such as

gloves, aprons and leg guards.

(11) Use spark-resistant hand tools in explosive or flammable atmospheres.

NOTE: Compressed air used for cleaning. See 4/M, OAR 437-004-1505(4) for rules about

cleaning with compressed air or gas.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1)(a)(A) – (1)(b)(C) P-2 437-004-2230

437-004-2230 Guarding and Operation of Portable Powered Tools.

(1) Portable powered tools.

(a) Portable circular saws.

(A) All portable, power-driven circular saws with a blade diameter greater than

2 inches must have guards above and below the base plate or shoe. The upper

guard must cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc to

permit tilting the base for bevel cuts. The lower guard must cover the saw to the

depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc that allows proper retraction and

contact with the work. When the tool is taken out of the work, the lower guard must

automatically and quickly return to covering position. This does not apply to meat

cutting saws.

(B) In addition to the provisions in (1)(a)(A) above, the lower guard must have a lug

or lever, remote from the blade teeth, that allows the operator to safely lift the guard

for starting unusual cuts.

(b) Switches and controls.

(A) All hand-held powered circular saws with a blade diameter more than 2 inches,

electric, hydraulic or pneumatic chain saws and percussion tools without positive

accessory holding means must have a constant pressure switch or control that will

shut off the power when pressure is released.

(B) The following hand-held powered tools must have a constant pressure control

switch. They may have a lock-on control if a single motion of the same finger or

fingers that turns it on can turn it off.

(i) Tappers, drills, fastener drivers, horizontal, vertical and angle grinders with

wheels more than 2 inches in diameter. Disc sanders with discs more than

2 inches in diameter. Belt sanders, reciprocating saws, saber, scroll and jig saws

with blade shanks more than a nominal 1/4-inch and other similarly operating

powered tools.

other controls as in (1)(b)(A) and (B) above.

(i) Saber, scroll and jig saws with non-standard blade holders may use blades

with shanks which are non-uniform in width, if the narrowest part of the shank is

an integral part in mounting the blade.

(ii) Measure the blade shank width at the narrowest part of the blade when saber,

scroll and jig saws have non-standard blade holders.

(iii) “Nominal” in this subparagraph means +0.05-inch.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

437-004-2230 P-3 (1)(b)(D) – (1)(c)(L)

(D) Exclusions. This subparagraph does not apply to concrete vibrators, concrete

breakers, powered tampers, jack hammers, garden appliances, household and

kitchen appliances, personal care appliances or to fixed machinery.

(A) In addition to (1)(b)(A) above, all power chain saws must meet American National

Standard B175.1-1991, Safety Code for Power Chain Saws.

(B) Inspect power chain saws daily when in use and always keep them in good

repair. Do not use saws with cracked or loose handle bars or defective parts.

(D) Power chain saws must have a working chain brake if originally equipped with

one.

(E) Chain brakes and other safety features must always work correctly.

(F) All hand-held gasoline powered chain saws must have a constant pressure

throttle control that will shut off power to the saw chain when the pressure is

released.

(G) Employees using chain saws must wear flexible ballistic nylon pads, chaps or

other equivalent protection in a manner that protects the legs from the thigh to the top

of the boot. Employers must provide and pay for this equipment.

(H) Do not drop-start chain saws or other power saws.

NOTE: Drop-starting saws is permitted outside of the basket of an aerial lift only after

ensuring that the area below the aerial lift is clear of people.

(I) The operator must have secure footing when starting the saw.

(J) Start and operate the saw only when all other workers are clear.

(K) Stop the engine when carrying the power saw but not between cuts during

consecutive felling, bucking, limbing or cutting operations.

(i) The chain must not be turning and the operator’s hand must be off the throttle

lever while moving between work locations.

(ii) Carry small chain saws at your side with the bar of the saw pointed to the rear.

(L) Stop the engine for all cleaning, refueling, adjustments, and repairs to the motor.

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(1)(d) – (3) P-4 437-004-2230

(d) Portable belt sanders. Belt sanders must have guards at each nip point where the

sanding belt runs onto a pulley. These guards must prevent the operator’s hands or

fingers from contacting the nip points. The unused run of the sanding belt must have

guards against accidental contact.

(e) Cracked saws. Do not use cracked saws.

(f) Grounding. Portable electric powered tools must meet the requirements of

Subdivision 4/S.

(2) Pneumatic tools and hose.

(a) Only use compressed air supply hose and hose connections rated for the pressure

and service required by the tools they serve.

(b) There must be a shut-off valve at the manifold or permanent pipe outlet of the

compressed air supply.

unless the couplers have check valves that automatically shut it off.

(d) Pneumatic fastener-driving tools and other power-driven fastener tools, except as

allowed in (e) below, must have a safety device to prevent ejection of nails, staples or

fasteners when the tool is not in firm contact with the work.

(e) You may use power-driven fastener-driving tools without the safety device only when

using staples with a diameter of .0475-inch (18 gauge A.W.G.) or less and the operator

and all workers within 15 feet are wearing suitable eye protection. This does not apply to

office staplers.

(f) Do not use oxygen or combustible gases to drive pneumatic tools.

(g) Direct the exhaust from pneumatic power tools away from the operator.

(3) Portable abrasive wheels.

Definitions.

Mounted wheels. Mounted wheels of 2-inch diameter or smaller, of various shapes.

They may be either organic or inorganic bonded abrasive wheels. They are secured to

plain or threaded steel mandrels.

Organic bonded wheels. Organic wheels are wheels bonded by an organic material

such as resin, rubber, shellac or other similar bonding agent.

Portable grinding. A grinding operation where the grinding machine is hand-held and

may move easily from one location to another.

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Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

437-004-2230 P-5 (3)

Reinforced wheels. The term “reinforced” as applied to grinding wheels defines a

class of organic wheels that contain strengthening fabric or filament. The term

“reinforced” does not cover wheels using such mechanical additions as steel rings, steel

cup backs or wire or tape winding.

Safety guard. A safety guard is an enclosure to restrain the pieces of the grinding wheel

if it breaks while in use.

Tuck pointing. Removal, by grinding, of cement, mortar or other non-metallic jointing

material.

Tuck pointing wheels. Tuck pointing wheels, Type 1, reinforced organic bonded

wheels have diameter, thickness and hole size dimension. They are subject to the

same limitations of use and mounting as Type 1 wheels.

Limitation: Wheels used for tuck pointing should be reinforced, organic bonded.

Type 11 flaring cup wheels. Type 11 flaring cup wheels have double diameter

dimensions D and J, and in addition have thickness, hole size, rim and back thickness

dimensions. Grinding is always done on the rim face, W dimension. Type 11 wheels are

subject to all limitations of use and mounting listed for Type 6 straight sided cup wheels.

Type 11 Flaring Cup Wheels

Figure 1

Side grinding wheel with a wall flared or tapered outward from the back. Wall thickness at the back is

normally greater than at the grinding face (W).

Limitation: Minimum back thickness, E dimension, should not be less than one-fourth T

dimension. Also, when unthreaded hole wheels are specified the inside flat, K dimension, must

be large enough to hold a suitable flange.

Type 6 straight cup wheels. Type 6 cup wheels have diameter, thickness, hole size,

rim thickness and back thickness dimensions. Grinding is always done on the rim face,

W dimension.

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3) Figure 2 – (3)(a)(A) P-6 437-004-2230

Type 6 Straight Cup Wheels

Figure 2

Side grinding wheel with a diameter, thickness and hole with one side straight or flat and the opposite side

recessed. This type, differs from Type 5 in that the grinding is on the wall of the abrasive created by the

difference between the diameter of the recess and the outside diameter of the wheel. Therefore, the wall

dimension "W" takes precedence over the diameter of the recess as an essential intermediate dimension to

describe this shape type.

Limitation: Minimum back thickness, E dimension, should not be less than one-fourth T

dimension. In addition, when unthreaded hole wheels are specified, the inside flat, K dimension,

must be large enough to hold a suitable flange.

Type one straight wheels. Type 1 straight wheels have diameter, thickness and

hole size dimensions and should be used only on the periphery. Mount type 1 wheels

between flanges.

Type 1 Straight Wheels

Figure 3

Peripheral grinding wheel with a diameter, thickness and hole.

Limitation: Hole dimension (H) should not be greater than two-thirds of wheel diameter

dimension (D) for precision, cylindrical, centerless or surface grinding applications. Maximum

hole size for all other applications should not exceed one-half wheel diameter.

(a) General requirements. Use abrasive wheels only on machines with safety guards

as in OAR 437-004-2230(3)(a) through (d).

(A) Exceptions. The requirements of paragraph OAR 437-004-2230(3)(a) do not

apply to the following classes of wheels and conditions.

(i) Wheels for internal work while within the work being ground;

(ii) Mounted wheels, 2 inches and smaller in diameter, used in portable

operations (see definition of Mounted Wheel); and

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

437-004-2230 P-7 (3)(a)(A) – (3)(c)

(iii) Types 16, 17, 18, 18R, and 19 cones and plugs and threaded hole pot balls

where the work offers protection.

(B)

(i) A safety guard must cover the spindle end, nut and flange projections. Mount

the safety guard so as to maintain proper alignment with the wheel. The strength

of the fastenings must exceed the strength of the guard.

(ii) Exception. If the work provides a suitable measure of protection to the

operator, safety guards may allow exposure to the spindle end, nut and outer

flange. Where the work entirely covers the side of the wheel, you may omit the

side covers of the guard.

(iii) Exception. On portable machines designed for and used with, type 6, 11,

27, and 28 abrasive wheels, cutting off wheels and tuck pointing wheels, you may

leave the spindle end, nut and outer flange exposed.

(b) Cup wheels. Protect cup wheels (Types 6 and 11) by:

(A) Using safety guards in OAR 437-004-2230(3)(a); or,

(B) Using special “revolving cup guards” that mount behind the wheel and turn

with it. They must be steel or other material with adequate strength and must

enclose the wheel sides upward from the back for one-third of the wheel thickness.

The mounting features must conform with all regulations. (See OAR 437-004-2230

(3)(e).) Keep a maximum clearance of 1/16-inch between the wheel side and the

guard; or,

guards in OAR 437-004-2230(3)(a)(A) or (B).

or vertical portable grinders must have a maximum exposure angle of 180 degrees.

Place the guard between the operator and the wheel during use. Adjust the guard to

deflect pieces of a broken wheel away from the operator. (See Figure 4.)

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(c) Figure 4 – (4)(e)(D) P-8 437-004-2230

Figure 4

(d) Other portable grinders. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel

periphery and sides for safety guards used on other portable grinding machines must

not exceed 180 degrees. Enclose the top half of the wheel. (See Figures 5 and 6.)

Figure 5 Figure 6

(e) Mounting and inspection of abrasive wheels.

(A) Immediately before mounting, inspect all wheels to make sure they are not

damaged. Check the spindle speed of the machine before mounting the wheel to

be sure it does not exceed the maximum operating speed marked on the wheel.

(B) Grinding wheels must fit freely on the spindle and remain free under all grinding

conditions. Keep a controlled clearance between the wheel hole and the machine

spindle (or wheel sleeves or adaptors) to avoid excessive pressure from mounting

and spindle expansion.

foreign matter.

(D) When using a bushing in the wheel hole it must not exceed the width of the wheel

nor contact the flanges.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

437-004-2230 P-9 (4)(e)(E) – (5)

(E) Do not operate an abrasive wheel designed to be held by flanges unless it is

properly mounted between suitable flanges. Flanges must be at least one-third the

diameter of the wheel, except for those types requiring flanges of a special design.

(F) Install blotters (compressible washers) between flanges and abrasive wheel

surfaces to insure uniform distribution of flange pressure.

(f) Excluded machinery. OAR 437-004-2230(3) does not cover natural sandstone

wheels and metal, wooden, cloth or paper discs with a layer of abrasive on the surface.

(4) Tools driven by internal combustion engines.

(a) Tools driven by internal combustion engines must have a positive “On” and “Off”

ignition switch that will remain in either position.

(b) Tools driven by internal combustion engines must have effective means to control

power except those that operate at constant speed. Throttle controls must return the

engine to idling speed when released.

device or be equally safe.

(d) Exhaust ports on tools driven by internal combustion engines must have mufflers and

deflect exhaust fumes away from the operator when the tool is in use in its normal

operating position.

(e) Stop the engine before fueling tools driven by an internal combustion engine.

(f) You must be able to quickly remove sling-carried tools powered by attached portable

internal combustion engines.

(g) Inspect the fuel system of sling-carried tools before each use. Fix any defect

immediately.

(5) Explosive actuated fastening tools.

Definitions.

Angle control. A safety feature designed to prevent a tool from operating when tilted

beyond a pre-determined angle.

Cased Power Load. A power load with the propellant contained in a closed case.

Caseless Power Load. A power load with the propellant in solid form not requiring

containment.

Direct-Acting Tool. A tool in which the expanding gas of the power load acts directly on

the fastener to be driven.

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5) P-10 437-004-2230

Explosive power load, also known as load. Any form of any substance that can

produce a propellant force.

Fixture. A special shield that gives equal protection where the standard shield is not

usable.

Hammer-operated piston tool – low-velocity type. A tool that uses a heavy mass

hammer and a load to move a captive piston to drive a stud, pin or fastener into a work

surface. It always starts the fastener at rest and in contact with the work surface. Its

design must limit the mean velocity of the stud, pin or fastener to a maximum of 300 feet

per second when measured 6.5 feet from the muzzle end of the barrel.

Head. That part of a fastener that extends above a work surface after being properly

driven.

High-velocity tool. A tool or machine that uses a load to propel or discharge a stud, pin

or fastener, at velocities greater than 300 feet per second when measured 6.5 feet from

the muzzle end of the barrel.

Indirect-Acting Tool. A tool in which the expanding gas of the powder load acts directly

on a captive piston that in turn drives the fastener.

Low-velocity piston tool. A tool that uses a load and captive piston to drive a stud, pin

or fastener into a work surface. Its design must limit the mean velocity to a maximum of

300 feet per second when measured 6.5 feet from the muzzle end of the barrel.

Misfire. A condition in which the powder load fails to ignite after an attempt to fire the

tool.

Powder-Actuated Fastening System. A method comprising the use of a powder-

actuated tool, a power load and a fastener.

Powder-Actuated Tool, also known as Tool. A tool that uses the expanding gases from

a power load to drive a fastener.

Protective shield or guard. A device or guard to confine flying particles, attached to the

muzzle end of the tool.

Stud, pin, or fastener. A fastening device specifically designed and manufactured for

use in explosive-actuated fastening tools.

Test Velocity. A series of deliberately free-flighted fasteners whose velocities are

measured 6 1/2 feet from the muzzle end of the tool using accepted ballistic test

methods.

To chamber. To fit properly without the use of excess force and without being loose in

the chamber.

Tool. Unless indicated otherwise, an explosive-actuated fastening tool and all its

accessories.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

437-004-2230 P-11 (5)(a)(A) – (5)(b)(A)

(a) General requirements.

(A) Explosive-actuated fastening tools actuated by explosives or any similar means

that propel a stud, pin, fastener or other object to affix it to another object must meet

the design requirements in paragraph (b) below. This requirement does not apply to

devices designed for attaching objects to soft construction materials, such as wood,

plaster, tar, dry wallboard and the like or to stud welding equipment.

(B) Operators and assistants using tools must wear eye protection. If required by

the working conditions, use head and face protection as required under Personal

Protective Equipment (4/I).

(b) Inspection, maintenance, and tool handling.

(A) High-velocity tools. High velocity tools must have these characteristics:

(i) The muzzle end of the tool must have a protective shield or guard at least

3 1/2 inches in diameter, mounted perpendicular to and concentric with the

barrel. It must confine any flying fragments or particles that might be a hazard

when fired.

(ii) Where a standard shield or guard will not work or where it does not provide

adequate protection, an alternate device is acceptable. It must be built by the

manufacturer of the tool, and provide an equal degree of protection.

(iii) It must be impossible to fire the tool unless it has a standard protective shield

or guard, or the special device in (ii) above.

(iv)

(I) The firing mechanism must prevent the tool from firing during loading or

preparation to fire, or if dropped while loaded.

(II) Firing of the tool must require at least two separate and distinct actions of

the operator. The final firing movement must be separate from the action of

bringing the tool into the firing position.

(v) The tool must not work unless the operator is holding the tool against the work

surface with a force at least 5 pounds more than the total weight of the tool.

(vi) The tool must not be operable with the standard guard indexed to the center

position if any bearing surface of its guard tilts more than 8 degrees from contact

with the work surface.

(vii) The tool must have a positive way of varying the power or there must be

some other way for the operator to select a power level adequate to perform the

work without excessive force.

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(b)(B) – (5)(c)(A) P-12 437-004-2230

(B) Tools of the low-velocity piston type must have the characteristics in (i) through

(iv) below.

(i) The muzzle end of the tool must allow suitable protective devices, designed

and built by the manufacturer of the tool, to be mounted perpendicular to the

barrel. There must be a standard spall shield with each tool.

(ii)

(I) In ordinary use the tool must not propel or discharge a stud, pin or fastener

while loading or during preparation to fire or if dropped while loaded.

(II) Firing of the tool must depend on at least two separate and distinct

actions of the operator. The final firing movement must be separate from the

operation of bringing the tool into the firing position.

(iii) The tool must not to be operable unless the operator is holding it against

the work surface with a force at least 5 pounds greater than the total weight of

the tool.

(iv) The tool must have a positive way of varying the power or there must be

some other way for the operator to select a power level adequate to perform

the work without excessive force.

(i) through (iv) below.

(i) The muzzle end of the tool must allow suitable protective devices, designed

and built by the manufacturer of the tool, to be mounted perpendicular to the

barrel. There must be a standard spall shield with each tool.

(ii) In ordinary use the tool must not propel or discharge a stud, pin or fastener

while loading or during preparation to fire or if dropped while loaded.

(iii) Firing of the tool must depend on at least two separate and distinct actions of

the operator. The final firing movement must be separate from the operation of

bringing the tool into the firing position.

(iv) The tool must have a positive way of varying the power or there must be

some other way for the operator to select a power level adequate to perform the

work without excessive force.

(A) There must be a standard way to identify the power levels of loads.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS

437-004-2230 P-13 (5)(c)(B) - (5)(d)(I)

(B) Do not use a load (cased or caseless) that will accurately chamber in any existing

approved commercially available low-velocity piston tool or hammer operated piston

tool, low-velocity type, if it will cause a fastener to have a mean velocity greater than

300 feet per second when measured 6.5 feet from the muzzle end of the barrel. No

individual test firing of a series can exceed 300 feet per second by more than 8

percent.

(d) Operating requirements.

(A) Before using a tool, inspect it to see that it is clean, all moving parts operate freely

and that the barrel is free of obstruction.

(B) When a tool develops a defect during use, immediately stop using it.

empty tools at anyone.

(D) Do not leave loaded tools unattended.

(E) If the tool misfires, hold it in the operating position for at least 30 seconds. Then

try to operate the tool a second time. Wait another 30 seconds with the tool in the

operating position. If it still does not fire remove the explosive load according to the

manufacturer’s instructions.

(F) Do not leave tools unattended where they are available to unauthorized persons.

(G) Do not drive fasteners into very hard or brittle materials like cast iron, glazed tile,

surface-hardened steel, glass block, face brick or hollow tile.

(H) Do not drive fasteners into soft materials so that the projectile could exit the other

side.

(I)

(i) Do not drive fasteners directly into materials such as brick or concrete closer

than 3 inches from the unsupported edge or corner or into steel surfaces closer

than 1/2-inch from the unsupported edge or corner, unless the tool has a special

guard. (Exception: Low-velocity tools may drive no closer than 2 inches from an edge

in concrete or 1/4-inch in steel.)

(ii) When fastening other materials, such as a 2-inch by 4-inch wood section to a

concrete surface, it is permissible to drive a fastener of no greater than 7/32-inch

shank diameter not closer than 2 inches from the unsupported edge or corner of

the work surface.

GUARDING & OPERATION OF

PORTABLE POWERED TOOLS /

POWER LAWNMOWERS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-2230(5)(d)(J) P-14 437-004-2240(2)(b)

(J) Do not drive fasteners through existing holes unless you use a positive guide for

accurate alignment.

(K) Do not drive a fastener into a spalled area caused by an unsatisfactory fastening.

(L) Do not use explosive actuated tools in an explosive or flammable atmosphere.

(M) Use all tools with the correct shield, guard or attachment recommended by the

manufacturer.

(N) Take damaged or defective tools out of service. Inspect tools at regular intervals

and repair them according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2008, f. 5/30/08, ef, 5/30/08.

437-004-2240 Power Lawnmowers.

(1) General requirements.

(a) Powered walk-behind, riding-rotary and reel lawnmowers designed for sale to the

general public must meet the design specifications in “American National Standard

Safety Specifications for Power Lawnmowers” ANSI/OPEI B71.1-1996. These

specifications do not apply to a walk-behind mower converted to a riding mower by the

addition of a sulky. Also, these specifications do not apply to flail mowers, sickle bar

mowers or mowers designed for commercial use.

(b) Guard or place all power-driven chains, belts and gears to prevent accidental contact

with the operator, during normal starting, mounting and operation of the machine.

and intentional reactivation to restart the motor or engine.

(d) Clearly mark all positions of the operating controls.

(e) The phrase, “Caution. Be sure the operating control(s) is in neutral before starting the

engine,” or similar wording must be clearly visible at an engine starting control point on

self-propelled mowers.

(2) Walk-behind and riding rotary mowers.

(a) Enclose the mower blade except on the bottom. The enclosure must extend to or

below the lowest cutting point of the blade in the lowest blade position.

(b) There must be instructions near the opening warning not to use the mower without

either the catcher assembly or the guard in place. This does not apply to side discharge

mowers or those with a mulching plug in place.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

POWER LAWNMOWERS

437-004-2240 P-15 (2)(c) - (4)(b)(A)

(d) The word “Caution,” or stronger wording, must be on the mower at or near each

discharge opening.

(e) Blade(s) must stop from the manufacturer’s specified maximum speed within

15 seconds after declutching or shutting off power.

(3) Walk-behind rotary mowers.

(a) The horizontal angle of the grass discharge opening(s) in the blade enclosure, must

not directly discharge toward the operator area.

(b) There must be one of the following at all openings in the blade enclosure intended for

the discharge of grass:

(A) A minimum unobstructed horizontal distance of 3 inches from the end of the

discharge chute to the blade tip circle.

(B) A rigid bar fastened across the discharge opening, secured to prevent removal

without the use of tools. The bottom of the bar must be no higher than the bottom

edge of the blade enclosure.

uncoupling while the engine is running.

(d) There must be a positive upstop or latch for the handle in the normal operating

position(s). The upstop must not be subject to unintentional disengagement when using

the mower. The upstop or latch must not allow the center or the handle grips to come

closer than 17 inches horizontally behind the closest path of the mower blade(s) unless

manually disengaged.

(e) A swing-over handle, that complies with the above requirements, is acceptable.

(f) Wheel drive disengaging controls, except deadman controls, must move opposite to

the direction of the vehicle motion in order to disengage the drive. Deadman controls

must automatically interrupt power to a drive when the operator lets go and may operate

in any direction to disengage the drive.

(4) Riding rotary mowers.

(a) Opening(s) must not allow grass or debris to discharge directly toward any part of an

operator seated in a normal operator position.

(b) One of the following must be at all grass discharge openings in the blade enclosure:

(A) A minimum unobstructed horizontal distance of 6 inches from the end of the

discharge chute to the blade tip circle.

POWER LAWNMOWERS / OTHER

PORTABLE TOOLS & EQUIPMENT

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-2240(4)(b)(B) P-16 437-004-2260(1)(b)(D)

(B) A rigid bar fastened across the discharge opening, secured to prevent removal

without the use of tools. The bottom of the bar must be no higher than the bottom

edge of the blade enclosure.

(d) Mowers must have working brakes or a manufacturer designed system for stopping.

(e) Hand-operated wheel drive disengaging controls must move opposite to the direction

of vehicle motion to disengage the drive. Foot-operated wheel drive disengaging

controls must be depressed to disengage the drive. Deadman controls, both hand and

foot-operated, must automatically interrupt power to a drive when the operator removes

the actuating force and may operate in any direction to disengage the drive.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2260 Other Portable Tools and Equipment.

(1) Jacks.

Definitions.

Jack. A jack is an appliance for lifting and lowering or moving horizontally a load by

pushing.

Rating. The maximum safe load throughout its course of travel.

(a) Loading and marking.

(A) Do not use a jack with a rating less than the weight of the intended load.

(B) Keep the rated load legibly and permanently marked on the jack.

(b) Operation and maintenance.

(A) If the jack is not on a firm foundation, block its base. If the cap might slip, place a

block between it and the load.

(B) Watch the stop indicator and do not go past the limit of travel.

NOTE: This does not apply when changing wheels on 4-wheeled vehicles when only one

wheel is raised and the employee does not place any part of their body under the vehicle.

(D) Hydraulic jacks exposed to freezing temperatures must contain an adequate

antifreeze liquid.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OTHER PORTABLE TOOLS &

EQUIPMENT

437-004-2260 P-17 (1)(b)(E) - (5)(d)

(E) Inspect jacks often enough to assure safe operation but at least:

(i) Once every 6 months for constant or intermittent use; or

(ii) Immediately after an abnormal load or shock.

(F) Mark defective jacks and do not use them until repairs are made.

(2) Abrasive blast cleaning nozzles. Blast cleaning nozzles must have an operating valve

that must be held open manually. Provide a support on which the nozzle may rest when it is

not in use.

(3) Hand-powered equipment.

(a) Each hand-powered hoist must have an effective brake or equivalent and a ratchet

and pawl strong enough to hold the maximum load in any position.

(b) Do not allow hand crank handles to work loose from the drive shaft.

(4) Wheelbarrows, hand trucks, dollies, pallet jacks.

(a) Wheelbarrows, hand trucks, dollies and pallet jacks must be appropriate for the

specific work. Do not load them beyond safe capacity. Bodies and frames must be

metal or strong wood and able to withstand severe handling and the intended loads.

(b) Keep wheelbarrows, hand trucks, dollies and pallet jacks in good repair.

fall or roll.

(5) Varmint killers (explosive gas and oxygen). A device for injecting a mix of propane

(LPG) and oxygen into ground holes and then igniting it to kill varmints.

Note: OAR 437-004-0710 Compressed Gases apply to all cylinders of gas.

(a) Follow all manufacturer instructions for use and maintenance of this equipment or this

standard, whichever is safest.

(b) When transporting these devices in vehicles (other than in the field of use), or when

done using them for more than one hour, back out the regulator pressure control screws.

(d) Employers must train all employees to operate this equipment safely and according to

the manufacturer’s instructions and these rules.

OTHER PORTABLE TOOLS &

EQUIPMENT

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(5)(e)(A) – (5)(e)(C) P-18 437-0004-2260

(e) Operating procedures.

(A) Tanks, valves, couplings, regulators, hose, and apparatus must be free from oily

or greasy substances. Do not handle oxygen tanks or apparatus with oily hands or

gloves. Never allow a jet of oxygen to strike an oily surface, greasy clothes, or enter a

fuel oil or other storage tank.

(B) Handling tanks.

(i) Unless tanks are secured on a special truck, remove regulators and install

valve-protection caps, when provided, before moving tanks.

(ii) Close tank valves when work is done.

(iii) Close valves of empty tanks.

(iv) Do not use a hammer or wrench to open tank valves. If

(v) opening the valve by hand does not work, check with the supplier.

(vi) Do not repair or tamper with tank valves. Notify the supplier if you have

trouble with a tank and follow their instructions as to its disposition.

(vii) Do not remove the stem from a diaphragm-type tank.

(i) Fuel-gas tanks must have the valve end up when they are in use. Store and

ship liquefied gases with the valve end up.

(ii) Before removing a regulator from a tank valve, close the tank valve and

release the gas from the regulator.

(iii) Do not use regulators with cracked, broken, or defective parts.

(iv) Before attaching the regulator to a tank, fully release the regulators pressure

adjusting screw.

(v) Close the tank valve and release the gas from the regulator before removing it

from the tank.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

WELDING

Subdivision Q Q-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-2310 General Requirements .............................................................................. Q-1

(1) Scope ......................................................................................................................... Q-1

(2) Definition .................................................................................................................... Q-1

(3) Fire prevention and protection ................................................................................... Q-1

(4) Before beginning ....................................................................................................... Q-1

(5) Welding or cutting containers .................................................................................... Q-2

(6) Protection of personnel ............................................................................................. Q-2

(7) Health protection and ventilation ............................................................................... Q-4

437-004-2350 Oxygen-Fuel Gas Welding and Cutting .................................................... Q-7

(1) Scope ......................................................................................................................... Q-7

(2) General requirements ................................................................................................ Q-7

(3) Cylinders and containers ........................................................................................... Q-7

437-004-2400 Arc Welding and Cutting ......................................................................... Q-13

(1) Scope ....................................................................................................................... Q-13

(2) Instruction ................................................................................................................ Q-13

(3) Application of arc welding equipment ...................................................................... Q-13

(4) Installation of arc welding equipment ...................................................................... Q-14

(5) Operation and maintenance .................................................................................... Q-14

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

Q-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

437-004-2310 Q-1 (1) – (4)

437-004-2310 General Requirements.

(1) Scope. This subdivision applies to agricultural welding, except the following types for

which Subdivision 2/Q applies:

Production type or amount of welding.

Welding in confined spaces like tanks, vats, pits, or those defined in Subdivision 4/J,

OAR 437-004-1250(1). This section (4/Q) covers some confined space welding topics.

In those cases, follow this section in addition to the rules in Subdivision 2/Q.

Welding with toxic or dangerous coatings or fluxes. This includes manganese, lead,

zinc, cadmium, mercury, beryllium, or fluorine compounds.

Welding or heating galvanized materials.

(2) Definition.

Welder and welding operator is any operator of electric or gas welding and cutting

equipment.

(3) Fire prevention and protection.

(a) Basic precautions. The basic precautions for fire prevention in welding or cutting

work are:

(A) Fire hazards. Move either the object you are welding or cutting or any movable

fire hazards in the area to a safe place.

(B) Guards. If you can move neither of the above, then use guards to confine the

heat, sparks and slag to protect the immovable fire hazards.

(b) Special precautions. When the work falls within the scope of (3)(a)(B) above,

additional precautions may be necessary:

(A) Combustible material. Wherever there are floor openings or cracks in the

flooring, close them or take precautions so that sparks will not drop through to

combustible materials on the floor below. Use the same precautions with cracks or

holes in walls, open doorways and open or broken windows.

(B) Fire extinguishers. Keep appropriate fire extinguishing equipment ready for

use.

(4) Before beginning. Before beginning, block portable equipment to prevent accidental

movement.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(5)(a) – (6)(b)(B) Q-2 437-004-2310

(5) Welding or cutting containers.

(a) Clean first. Do not weld, use a torch or do abrasive cutting or other hot work on

drums, barrels, tanks or other containers until they have been cleaned so that there are

no flammable materials present or any substances that when subjected to heat, might

produce flammable or toxic vapors. Disconnect and/or blank any pipe lines or

connections to the drum or vessel.

(b) Test often. Use testing equipment prior to and frequently during the welding, torch or

abrasive cutting or other hot work to insure that the container is free and remains free of

flammable or toxic vapors.

to escape before preheating, cutting or welding.

(6) Protection of personnel.

(a) General.

(A) Cable. Put welding cable and other equipment so that it is clear of passageways,

ladders and stairways.

(b) Eye protection.

(A) Selection.

(i) Use helmets or hand shields when arc welding or arc cutting, excluding

submerged arc welding. Helpers or attendants must use proper eye protection.

(ii) Use goggles or other suitable eye protection when gas welding or oxygen

cutting. Spectacles without side shields, with suitable filter lenses are acceptable

for gas welding on light work, for torch brazing or for inspection.

(iii) All operators and attendants of resistance welding or resistance brazing

equipment must use transparent face shields or goggles, depending on the

particular job, to protect their faces or eyes.

(iv) Provide suitable goggles for brazing work not covered in (6)(b)(A)(i) through

(6)(b)(A)(iii) above.

(B) Specifications for protectors.

(i) Helmets and hand shields must be an insulator for heat and electricity.

Helmets, shields and goggles must not be flammable and must withstand

sterilization.

(ii) Wear helmets and hand shields to protect the face, neck and ears from direct

radiant energy from the arc.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

437-004-2310 Q-3 (6)(b)(B)

(iii) “Lift front” welders’ helmets must have a stationary safety glass on the inside

of the frame next to the eyes to protect the welder from flying particles when the

front is up. Where lens containers do not permit the use of safety glass, wear

safety goggles.

(iv) When not using the “lift front” helmet with three glasses or when using the flat

type helmet, wear other spectacle-type safety goggles in addition to the filter lens

and cover glass.

(v) Use vented goggles to prevent fogging of the lenses as much as practicable.

(vi) Lenses must be tempered glass, substantially free from scratches, air

bubbles, waves and other flaws.

(vii) Lenses must have permanent distinctive markings to show the source and

shade.

NOTE: The following is a guide for the selection of the proper shade numbers. These

recommendations may vary to meet the individual’s needs.

Welding operation

Shade No.

Shielded metal-arc welding – 1/16-, 3/32-, 1/8-, 5/32-inch electrodes

Gas-shielded arc welding (nonferrous) – 1/16-, 3/32-, 1/8-, 5/32-inch electrodes

Gas-shielded arc welding (ferrous) – 1/16-, 3/32-, 1/8-, 5/32-inch electrodes

Shielded metal-arc welding:

3/16-, 7/32-, 1/4-inch electrodes

5/16-, 3/8-inch electrodes

Atomic hydrogen welding

Carbon arc welding

Soldering

Torch brazing

Light cutting, up to 1-inch

Medium cutting, 1-inch to 6 inches

Heavy cutting, 6 inches and over

Gas welding (light) up to 1/8-inch

Gas welding (medium) 1/8-inch to 1/2-inch

Gas welding (heavy) 1/2-inch and over

10-14

3 or 4

4 or 5

5 or 6

4 or 5

5 or 6

6 or 8

Note: In gas welding or oxygen cutting where the torch produces a high yellow light, it is desirable to use a

filter or lens that absorbs the yellow or sodium line in the visible light of the operation.

(viii) Filter lenses must meet the test for transmission of radiant energy

prescribed by any of the consensus standards listed below:

(I) ANSI Z87.1-2003, “American National Standard Practice for Occupational

and Educational Eye and Face Protection;”

(II) ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998), “American National Standard Practice for

Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection;” or

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(6)(b)(B) - (7)(b)(A) Q-4 437-004-2310

(III) ANSI Z87.1-1989, “American National Standard Practice for

Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection.”

NOTE: The Oregon OSHA Resource Center has copies for public review at 350

Winter Street NE, Salem OR 97309-0405.

cutting or brazing with personal protective equipment according to 4/I, OAR 437-004-

1005.

(A) Material. Do not wear clothing that is easily ignited or highly flammable, like that

made from synthetic materials.

(d) Work in confined spaces.

(A) General. Where a welder must enter a confined space, follow the rules for con-

fined space work elsewhere in this Subdivision, 4/Q, and in 4/J, 437-004-1250.

(B) Ventilation. Ventilation is a prerequisite to work in confined spaces. For

ventilation requirements see OAR 437-004-2310(7).

confined space, the gas cylinders and welding machines must be left on the outside.

Before starting, block heavy portable equipment wheels to prevent accidental

movement.

(D) Electrode removal. When you stop arc welding for a period of time, like lunch or

overnight, remove all electrodes from the holders and turn the machine off.

(E) Gas cylinder shutoff. When you stop gas welding or cutting for a period of time,

like lunch or overnight, close the torch valves and shut off the gas supply to the torch

at a point outside the confined area.

(7) Health protection and ventilation.

(a) General. Use general ventilation or a local exhaust system to keep the amount of

toxic fumes, gases, or dusts below the limits in 4/Z, 437-004-9000.

(b) Ventilation for general welding and cutting.

(A) General. Use mechanical ventilation when welding or cutting on metals not

covered in (7)(e) through (7)(h) below. (For specific materials, see the ventilation

requirements of (7)(e) through (7)(h) below.)

(i) In a space of less than 10,000 cubic feet (284 m

) per welder.

(ii) In a room having a ceiling height of less than 16 feet (5 m).

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

437-004-2310 Q-5 (7)(b)(A) - (7)(d)(E)

(iii) In confined spaces or where the welding space contains partitions, balconies

or other structural barriers to the extent that they significantly obstruct cross

ventilation.

means of either of the following:

(A) Hoods. Place movable hoods as close as practical to the work and with enough

airflow for a velocity in the direction of the hood of 100 linear feet (30 m) per minute in

the welding zone. The rates of ventilation to get this control velocity using a 3-inch

(7.6 cm) wide flanged suction opening are in the following table:

Welding zone

Minimum air flow

cubic

feet/minute

Duct diameter, inches

4 to 6 inches from arc or torch

6 to 8 inches from arc or torch

8 to 10 inches from arc or torch

10 to 12 inches from arc or torch

150

275

425

600

3 1/2

4 1/2

5 1/2

When brazing with cadmium bearing materials or when cutting on such materials you may need increased

rates of ventilation.

Nearest half-inch duct diameter based on 4,000 feet per minute velocity in pipe.

(d) Ventilation in confined spaces.

(A) Air replacement. Ventilate all welding and cutting in confined spaces to prevent

the build-up of toxic materials or possible oxygen deficiency. This applies not only to

the welder but also to helpers and other people in the area. Air replacing the

withdrawn air must be clean and respirable.

(B) Airline respirators. Where it is impossible to provide such ventilation, use airline

respirators or hose masks approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration

and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

use self-contained breathing equipment. Use breathing equipment approved by the

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

(D) Outside helper. When welding in confined spaces and where welders and

helpers use hose masks, hose masks with blowers or self-contained breathing

equipment approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration and the National

Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, a worker must be on the outside of the

confined space to insure the safety of those working within.

(E) Oxygen for ventilation. Never use oxygen for ventilation.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(7)(e)(A) – (7)(h) Q-6 437-004-2310

(e) Cleaning compounds.

(A) Manufacturer’s instructions. In the use of cleaning materials, because of their

possible toxicity or flammability, follow appropriate precautions such as

manufacturer’s instructions.

(B) Degreasing. Degreasing and other cleaning involving chlorinated hydrocarbons

must be where no vapors will reach or be drawn into the atmosphere surrounding any

welding operation. In addition, keep trichloroethylene and perchlorethalene out of

atmospheres penetrated by the ultraviolet radiation of gas-shielded welding

operations.

(f) Preservative coatings.

(A) Test first. Before welding, cutting or heating on any surface covered by a

preservative coating whose flammability is unknown, a competent person must test to

determine its flammability.

(B) Strip if needed. Prevent ignition of highly flammable hardened preservative

coatings. When coatings are known to be highly flammable, strip them from the area

to be heated to prevent ignition.

(g) Toxic preservative coatings.

(A) Enclosed spaces. In enclosed spaces, strip all surfaces covered with toxic

preservatives of all toxic coatings for a distance of at least 4 inches from the area of

heat application or the employees must use a respirator that protects them from toxic

vapors.

(B) Strip if needed. Remove the preservative coatings a sufficient distance from the

area to be heated to ensure that the temperature of the unstripped metal will not

increase appreciably. Artificial cooling of the metal surrounding the heated area is

acceptable to limit the size of the area you must clean.

(h) Cutting of stainless steels. Oxygen cutting, using either a chemical flux or iron

powder or gas-shielded arc cutting of stainless steel, must include mechanical ventilation

adequate to remove the fumes.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f. 8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 2-2010, f. 2/25/10, ef. 2/25/10.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OXYGEN-FUEL GAS

WELDING AND CUTTING

437-004-2350 Q-7 (1) – (3)(a)(A)

437-004-2350 Oxygen-fuel Gas Welding and Cutting.

(1) Scope. This subdivision applies to agricultural welding, except the following types for

which Subdivision 2/Q applies:

Production type or amount of welding.

Welding in confined spaces like tanks, vats, pits, or those defined in 4/J, OAR 437-004-

1250(1). This section (4/Q) covers some confined space welding topics. In those cases,

follow this section in addition to the rules in 2/Q.

Welding with toxic or dangerous coatings or fluxes. This includes manganese, lead,

zinc, cadmium, mercury, beryllium, or fluorine compounds.

Welding or heating galvanized materials.

(2) General requirements.

(a) Flammable mixture. Do not use any device or attachment, not approved for the

purpose, that allows air or oxygen to mix with flammable gases prior to consumption,

except at the burner or in a standard torch.

(b) Maximum pressure. Never generate (except in approved cylinder manifolds), pipe

or use acetylene at a pressure in excess of 15 psig (103 kPa gauge pressure) or 30 psia

(206 kPa absolute). (The 30 psia (206 kPa absolute) limit is to prevent unsafe use of

acetylene in pressurized chambers such as caissons, underground excavations or tunnel

construction.) This requirement does not apply to storage of acetylene dissolved in a

suitable solvent in cylinders manufactured and maintained according to U.S. Department

of Transportation requirements, or to acetylene for chemical use. Never use liquid

acetylene for any purpose.

reducing valves.

(3) Cylinders and containers.

(a) Approval and marking.

(A) DOT. All portable cylinders used for the storage and shipment of compressed

gases must meet regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, 49 CFR parts

171-179.

OXYGEN-FUEL GAS

WELDING AND CUTTING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(a)(B) – (3)(d)(B) Q-8 437-004-2350

(B) Markings. Compressed gas cylinders must have legible markings that identify

the gas content. They must show either the chemical or the trade name of the gas.

These markings must not be easily removable. If possible, the marking must be on

the shoulder of the cylinder and conform to the American National Standard Method

for Marking Portable Compressed Gas Containers to Identify the Material Contained,

ANSI/CGA C-4, 1990.

with the American National Standard Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and

Inlet Connections, ANSI/CGA V-1, 1987.

(D) Protection cap. All cylinders with a water weight capacity of more than

30 pounds (13.6 kg) must have a means of connecting a valve protection cap

or a collar or recess to protect the valve.

(b) Storage of cylinders, General.

(A) No heat. Keep cylinders away from radiators and other sources of heat.

(B) Inside storage. Inside buildings, store cylinders in a well-protected, well-

ventilated, dry location, at least 20 feet (6.1 m) from highly combustible materials

such as oil or excelsior. Locate storage spaces where cylinders will not be knocked

over or damaged by passing or falling objects. Do not keep cylinders in unventilated

enclosures such as lockers and cupboards.

(D) Caps. Valve protection caps must always be in place, hand-tight, except when

cylinders are in use or connected for use.

(E) Secure. Securely lash cylinders in place when necessary to prevent them from

falling.

(d) Oxygen cylinder storage.

(A) Oxygen storage. Do not store oxygen cylinders:

(i) Near highly combustible material, especially oil and grease;

(ii) Near reserve stocks of carbide and acetylene or other fuel-gas cylinders, or

any other substance likely to cause or accelerate fire;

(B) Not near fuel cylinders. Separate stored oxygen cylinders from fuel-gas

cylinders or combustible materials (especially oil or grease), by at least 20 feet (6.1

m) or by a noncombustible barrier at least 5 feet (1.5 m) high with a fire-resistance

rating of at least 1/2-hour.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OXYGEN-FUEL GAS

WELDING AND CUTTING

437-004-2350 Q-9 (3)(e)(A) – (3)(e)(B)

(e) Operating procedures.

(A) No oil or grease. Cylinders, cylinder valves, couplings, regulators, hose, and

apparatus must be free from oily or greasy substances. Do not handle oxygen

cylinders or apparatus with oily hands or gloves. Never allow a jet of oxygen to strike

an oily surface, greasy clothes, or enter a fuel oil or other storage tank.

(B) Handling cylinders.

(i) Do not drop cylinders or allow them to strike each other.

(ii) Do not use valve-protection caps to lift cylinders from one vertical position to

another. Do not use bars under valves or valve-protection caps to pry cylinders

loose when frozen to the ground or otherwise fixed.

(iii) Unless cylinders are secured on a special truck, remove regulators and install

valve-protection caps, when provided, before cylinders are moved.

(iv) Cylinders without fixed hand wheels must have keys, handles or non-

adjustable wrenches on valve stems while they are in service. In multiple

cylinder installations a single key or handle is acceptable for each manifold.

(v) Close cylinder valves before moving cylinders.

(vi) Close cylinder valves when work is done.

(vii) Close valves of empty cylinders.

(viii) Keep cylinders far enough away from the actual welding or cutting operation

so that sparks, hot slag, or flame will not reach them. Otherwise, provide fire-

resistant shields.

(ix) Do not set cylinders where they might become part of an electric circuit.

Never tap an electrode against a cylinder to strike an arc.

(x) Do not use cylinders as rollers or supports, whether full or empty.

(xi) Do not use cylinders with altered or defaced numbers and markings.

(xii) Only the gas supplier may mix gases in a cylinder. Only the owner of the

cylinder or person authorized by them, may refill a cylinder.

(xiii) Do not allow anybody to tamper with safety devices in cylinders or valves.

(xiv) Do not drop or roughly handle cylinders.

OXYGEN-FUEL GAS

WELDING AND CUTTING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(e)(B) – (3)(e)(C) Q-10 437-004-2350

(xv) Unless connected to a manifold, do not use oxygen from a cylinder without

first attaching an oxygen regulator to the cylinder valve. Before connecting the

regulator to the cylinder valve, open the valve slightly for an instant and then

close it. Always stand to one side of the outlet when opening the cylinder valve.

(xvi) Do not use a hammer or wrench to open cylinder valves. If opening the

valve by hand does not work, notify the supplier.

(xvii)

(I) Do not repair or tamper with cylinder valves. Notify the supplier if you have

trouble with a cylinder and follow their instructions as to its disposition.

(II) Do not remove the stem from a diaphragm-type cylinder.

(i) Fuel-gas cylinders must have the valve end up when they are in use. Store

and ship liquefied gases with the valve end up.

(ii) Before connecting a regulator to a cylinder valve, open the valve slightly and

then close it immediately. Never crack a fuel-gas cylinder valve near other

welding work or near sparks, flame, or other possible sources of ignition.

(iii) Before removing a regulator from a cylinder valve, close the cylinder valve

and release the gas from the regulator.

(iv) There can be nothing on top of an acetylene cylinder when in use that may

damage the safety device or interfere with the quick closing of the valve.

(v) If closing the valves will not stop leaks in cylinders and attachments, take

them outdoors away from sources of ignition and allow them to slowly empty.

(vi) Put a warning near cylinders with leaking fuse plugs or other leaking safety

devices. It must warn employees not to approach them with a lighted cigarette

or other source of ignition. Plainly tag the cylinder and notify the supplier. Follow

their instructions.

(vii) Do not tamper with safety devices.

(viii) Never use fuel-gas from cylinders through torches or other devices with

shutoff valves without reducing the pressure through a suitable regulator attached

to the cylinder valve or manifold.

(ix) Always open the cylinder valve slowly.

(x) Do not open an acetylene cylinder valve more than one and one-half turns of

the spindle, and preferably no more than three-fourths of a turn.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

OXYGEN-FUEL GAS

WELDING AND CUTTING

437-004-2350 Q-11 (3)(e)(C) – (3)(e)(D)

(xi) If a cylinder takes a special wrench, leave it in position on the stem of the

valve while the cylinder is in use. For manifolded or coupled cylinders, at least

one such wrench must always be available for immediate use.

(xii) Do not use regulators with cracked, broken, or defective parts.

(xiii) Inspect union nuts and connectors on regulators before use. Do not use

those with faulty seats.

(xiv) Before attaching the regulator to a cylinder, fully release the regulator’s

pressure adjusting screw.

(xv) Close the cylinder valve and release the gas from the regulator before

removing it from the cylinder.

(D) Blowpipes and torches.

(i) Approved backflow preventer or flashback preventers must be between the

blowpipe or torch and the hoses.

(ii) Use only friction lighters, stationary pilot flames or other recognized sources of

ignition to ignite torches. Do not use matches or other hand held open flames.

(iii) When welding or cutting stops for an extended period of time, for example,

during the lunch break, overnight or longer:

(I) Close the oxygen and fuel-gas cylinder or manifold valves;

(II) Open torch valves momentarily to release all gas pressure from the hoses

and then close them;

(III) Release the regulator pressure adjusting screws; and

(IV) When the welding or cutting stops for a few minutes, closing only the

torch valves is acceptable.

(iv) Follow the manufacturer’s procedures for the sequence of operations in

lighting, adjusting, and extinguishing blowpipe flames and connecting to the

gas supply.

(v) Use a suitable cylinder truck, chain or steadying device to secure cylinders

while in use.

(vi) Post signs conspicuously in fuel-gas storage areas. They must say,

“DANGER – NO SMOKING, MATCHES OR OPEN LIGHTS,” or equivalent

wording.

OXYGEN-FUEL GAS

WELDING AND CUTTING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

(3)(e)(D) Q-12 437-004-2350

(vii) Acetylene gas must not contact unalloyed copper except in a blowpipe or

torch.

(viii) Do not use oxygen in pneumatic tools, in oil preheating burners, to start

internal-combustion engines, to blow out pipelines, to “dust” clothing or work,

to create pressure, or for ventilation.

(ix) After connecting welding or cutting apparatus to oxygen and fuel-gas

cylinders, or when starting to reuse the apparatus after 1/2-hour or more, let each

gas flow through its respective hose separately for a few seconds to purge the

hose of any mixture of gases.

(x) Never put down a torch unless the oxygen and fuel-gas have been completely

shut off at the torch.

NOTE: Regulation of manifolds, piping systems, acetylene generators and calcium carbide are found

in Division 2, 1910.253.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ARC WELDING AND CUTTING

437-004-2400 Q-13 (1) – (3)(b)(C)

437-004-2400 Arc Welding and Cutting.

(1) Scope. This subdivision applies to agricultural welding, except the following types for

which Subdivision 2/Q applies:

Production type or amount of welding.

Welding in confined spaces like tanks, vats, pits, or those defined in 4/J, OAR 437-004-

1250(1). This section (4/Q) covers some confined space welding topics. In those cases,

follow this section in addition to the rules in 2/Q.

Welding with toxic or dangerous coatings or fluxes. This includes manganese, lead,

zinc, cadmium, mercury, beryllium, or fluorine compounds.

Welding or heating galvanized materials.

(2) Instruction. Only trained and qualified workers will be allowed to run arc welding

equipment.

(3) Application of arc welding equipment.

(a) General. Equipment that complies with the Requirements for Electric Arc-Welding

Apparatus, NEMA EW-1-1983, National Electrical Manufacturers Association or the

Safety Standard for Transformer-Type Arc-Welding Machines, ANSI/UL 551, 1993,

Underwriters’ Laboratories assures consideration of safety in design.

(b) Voltage. Do not exceed the following limits:

(A) Alternating-current machines.

(i) Manual arc welding and cutting – 80 volts.

(ii) Automatic (machine or mechanized) arc welding and cutting – 100 volts.

(B) Direct-current machines.

(i) Manual arc welding and cutting – 100 volts.

(ii) Automatic (machine or mechanized) arc welding and cutting – 100 volts.

open circuit voltages than those above, there must be a way to prevent the operator

from making accidental contact with the high voltage.

ARC WELDING AND CUTTING

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(4)(a) – (5)(g) Q-14 437-004-2400

(4) Installation of arc welding equipment.

(a) General. Installation including power supply must be according to the requirements

of Subdivision 4/S.

(b) Grounding. Ground the frame or case of the welding machine (except engine-driven

machines) according to Subdivision 4/S.

(5) Operation and maintenance.

(a) Machine hook up. Before starting operations check all connections to the machine

to make certain they are properly made. The work lead must be firmly attached to the

work; magnetic work clamps must be free from adherent metal particles of spatter on

contact surfaces. Coiled welding cable must be spread out before use to avoid serious

overheating and damage to insulation.

(b) Grounding. Check the grounding of the welding machine frame. Give special

attention to safety ground connections of portable machines.

the manufacturer.

(d) Electrode holders. When not in use place electrode holders so they cannot make

electrical contact with persons, conducting objects, fuel or compressed gas tanks.

(e) Electric shock. Do not use cables with splices within 10 feet (3 m) of the holder.

(f) Damage. Do not use work lead cables or electrode lead cables with damaged

insulation or exposed conductors.

(g) Cable. Do not coil or loop the electrode cable around your body.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ELECTRICITY

Subdivision S S-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-2810 General Requirements ............................................................................... S-1

437-004-2850 Temporary Lighting and Wiring .................................................................. S-2

Temporary Wiring ............................................................................................................ S-2

Temporary Lighting .......................................................................................................... S-3

437-004-2860 Flexible Cable and Extension Cords .......................................................... S-3

437-004-2870 Attachment Plugs and Receptacles ........................................................... S-4

437-004-2880 Cord and Plug-Connected Equipment ....................................................... S-5

437-004-2900 Grounding and Bonding ............................................................................. S-6

437-004-2950 Switches and Circuit Breakers ................................................................... S-7

437-004-3000 Identification and Load Ratings .................................................................. S-8

437-004-3050 Work Near Overhead Lines ....................................................................... S-8

Clearance or Safeguards Required ................................................................................. S-8

Warning Sign Required .................................................................................................... S-9

Notification to Power Company and Responsibility for Safeguards ................................ S-9

437-004-3075 Agricultural Buildings with Special Hazards ............................................... S-9

(1) Scope .......................................................................................................................... S-9

(2) Wiring .......................................................................................................................... S-9

(3) Enclosures ................................................................................................................ S-10

(4) Motors and machines ............................................................................................... S-10

(5) Lighting fixtures......................................................................................................... S-10

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

S-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ELECTRICITY

437-004-2810 S-1 (1) – (11)(a)

437-004-2810 General Requirements.

(1) Scope. This standard (4/S) covers electrical work and equipment in buildings and on

premises. It applies to all work and equipment covered by other sections of Subdivision 4/S.

(2) Unless stated otherwise in OAR 437-004-2810 through 437-004-3075, all electrical work,

equipment and systems must comply with standards under the jurisdiction of the Oregon

Building Codes Division, Department of Consumer and Business Services.

(3) Do not allow employees to work near live power sources without protection from shock.

(4) Isolate exposed live electrical conductors from contact by persons or equipment.

NOTE: Paragraphs (3) and (4) above do not apply to electric fences or containment devices.

(5) Lights 7 feet or closer to the floor or work surface must have a guard, fixture or holder to

protect the bulb or tube from breakage.

(6) Only qualified persons, authorized by the employer may make electrical repairs. (See

Subdivision 4/B.)

(7) Install or remove fuses from live terminals only with special tools insulated for the voltage.

(8) When the exact location of underground electric power lines is unknown, workers using

jackhammers, bars or other hand tools that may contact a line must use insulated protective

gloves.

(9) Before beginning work near exposed lines or equipment, the employer must determine

if they are live. If they are, you must advise the employees of the position of the lines, the

hazards involved and the protective measures they must use.

(10) Before beginning work like digging, drilling or remodeling, that may lead to hidden

power sources the employer must locate them and determine their voltage. Locate

underground lines by calling 1-800-332-2344 or in the Portland Metropolitan area 246-6699.

The employer must then:

(a) Post and maintain proper warning signs where such circuits exist; and

(b) Advise the employees of the position of the lines, the hazards involved and the

protective measures they must use.

NOTE: If the work covered by (8) and (9) above might involve voltages over 750v, see OAR 437-004-

3050.

(11) There must be sufficient space near electrical equipment to permit safe operation and

maintenance.

(a) Near exposed parts, the minimum clearance from floor to ceiling must be at least

76 inches. There must be a clear radius of at least 36 inches in front of the panel.

ELECTRICITY

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-2810 S-2 (11)(b) – (19) Note

(b) There must be enough clearance to permit at least a 90 degree opening of all doors

or hinged panels.

(12) There must be suitable barriers or other means to ensure that work space for electrical

equipment is not used as a passageway when energized parts are exposed.

(13) Require workers to report all electric shocks to management or supervisors immediately.

(a) Check the equipment causing the shock and remove from service or repair it before

further use.

(14) Electrical equipment must be free from recognized hazards that may cause death or

serious physical harm. Use the criteria below to determine the safety of equipment.

(a) Electrical equipment must be listed or labeled, except custom-made components and

utilization equipment. (See Division 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100, for definitions of listed and

labeled.)

(b) Mechanical strength and durability, and for parts that enclose and protect other

equipment, the adequacy of the protection.

(d) Other factors that contribute to the practical safeguarding of employees using or likely

to contact the equipment.

(15) Follow manufacturer’s instructions or recommendations when installing listed or labeled

equipment.

(16) In wet or damp locations, use only fixtures approved for that purpose. Install them so

that water cannot enter or accumulate in wireways, lampholders, or other electrical parts.

(17) All pull boxes, junction boxes and fittings must have approved covers. Metal covers

must be grounded.

(18) All wall plugs and switches must have approved, unbroken covers or faceplates and no

broken parts.

(19) Receptacles, plugs, fixtures, lamp-holders lamps and other holders and outlets must

have no exposed live parts.

NOTE: Rosettes and cleat-type lamp-holders may have exposed parts if they are 8 feet or higher

above the floor.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ELECTRICITY

437-004-2850(1) S-3 437-004-2860(1)

437-004-2850 Temporary Lighting and Wiring.

Temporary Wiring

(1) Walkways and similar locations must be kept clear of power cords.

(2) Ground all temporary wiring.

(3) Keep wiring equipment as vapor, dust, or fiber tight as intended by the manufacturer.

There must be no loose or missing screws, gaskets, threaded connections, or other

impairments to this tight condition.

(4) Take precautions to make open wiring inaccessible to unauthorized personnel.

(5) Temporary electrical power and lighting installations are acceptable during construction,

remodeling, maintenance, repair, or demolition of buildings, structures, equipment, or similar

activities.

(6) Temporary electrical power and lighting installations are acceptable for not more than

90 days for decorative lighting and as in (5) above.

Temporary Lighting

(7) Temporary lights must be at least 7 feet above the work surface or have guards to

prevent contact with the bulb.

(8) Temporary lights must have electric cords, connections and insulation rated for their use.

(9) Do not suspend temporary lights by their cords unless the manufacturer’s instructions

allow the practice.

(10) Do not use metal shell, paper lined portable hand lamp holders. Hand lamps must have

a handle and a substantial guard over the bulb.

(11) Portable extension lamps used where flammable vapors, gases, combustible dusts,

easily ignitible fibers or flyings are present, must be approved for the type of hazard involved.

Do not modify, repair or add to these systems without approval of the manufacturer.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2860 Flexible Cable and Extension Cords.

(1) Extension cords used with portable electric tools and appliances must be at least three-

wire type and have an approved grounding plug and receptacle providing ground continuity.

ELECTRICITY

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-2860(2) S-4 437-004-2870(3)

(2) Use only extension cords rated for the intended use.

(3) Do not use worn or frayed electric cords and cables.

(4) Protect flexible cables and extension cords against damage caused by traffic, sharp

corners, pinching or projections.

(5) Cover or elevate cables that pass through work areas to protect them from damage.

(6) Do not use staples to fasten flexible cables and extension cords. Do not hang them from

nails or suspend them by wire.

(7) Do not use flexible cables and extension cords as a substitute for fixed structural wiring.

(8) Flexible cables and extension cords must not run through holes in walls, ceilings, or

floors or through doorways, windows, or similar openings, except during construction.

(9) Electrical conductors must be spliced or joined in splicing devices suitable for the use, by

brazing, welding or soldering with a fusible metal or alloy.

(a) Secure soldered splices first mechanically and electrically without solder, then solder.

(Use rosin-core solder, NOT acid core solder, when joining electrical conductors.)

(b) Insulation on splices and joints and the free ends of conductors must be equivalent to

the original insulation.

cord. Vulcanized splices or equivalent means, such as shrinkable materials, are

acceptable for repairs.

(10) Do not plug extension cords together to make them longer unless the resultant cord is

rated to carry the load.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2870 Attachment Plugs and Receptacles.

(1) Attachment plugs must be heavy enough to endure rough use and have a suitable cord

grip to prevent strain on the terminal screws.

(2) Use only approved, grounding type attachment plugs.

(3) Use only approved concealed contact type receptacles for attachment plugs. They must

extend ground continuity. They must allow removal of the plug without exposing live parts to

contact.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ELECTRICITY

437-004-2870(4) S-5 437-004-2880(3)

(4) Polarized attachment plugs, receptacles and cord connectors must have proper

continuity.

(5) Use only attachment plugs, receptacles and cord connectors that have the grounded

(common) terminal conductor identified. If the terminal is not visible, the connection hole

must be marked with the word “white.”

(6) The terminal for the equipment grounding conductor (bare wire) must have:

(a) A green colored, not easily removable terminal screw with hexagonal head; or

(b) A green colored, hexagonal, not easily removable terminal nut; or

(d) If the terminal for the grounding conductor is not visible, mark the conductor entrance

hole with the word “green” or otherwise identify it with the color green.

(e) A grounded conductor must not be attached to any terminal or lead to reverse the

designated polarity.

(7) Where portable cords supply different voltages or types of current (A.C. or D.C.)

receptacles and attachment plugs must not be interchangeable.

(8) Attachment plugs or other connectors supplying equipment at more than 300 volts must

have skirts or otherwise confine arcs.

(9) Do not use a grounding terminal or grounding-type device on a receptacle, cord

connector, or attachment plug for purposes other than grounding.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2880 Cord and Plug-connected Equipment.

(1) Portable or plug-connected equipment with noncurrent-carrying metal parts must be

grounded.

(2) It is not necessary to ground portable tools and appliances with approved double

insulation, or its equivalent, but they must have distinctive markings.

(3) Ground exposed noncurrent-carrying metal parts of fixed electrical equipment, including

motors, frames, electrically driven machinery, refrigerators, freezer, electric ranges, clothes

dryers, etc.

ELECTRICITY

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-2880(4) S-6 437-004-2900(5)(b)

(4) Cord and plug-connected high-pressure spray washing machines must have a factory

installed ground-fault circuit interrupter that is an integral part of the attachment plug or is

in the supply cord within 12 inches of the attachment plug.

(5) Enclose or separate parts of electric equipment that in ordinary operation produces arcs,

sparks, flames, or molten metal. Isolate this equipment from all combustible material.

(6) Do not use electrical equipment without descriptive markings that identify the approving

organization (such as U.L.) for the product. Other markings that give voltage, current,

wattage, or other ratings as necessary must also be visible.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2900 Grounding and Bonding.

(1) The path from circuits, equipment, structures, and conduit enclosures to ground must be

permanent and continuous with enough capacity to conduct safely the currents that might be

imposed on it. The path must also have impedance low enough to limit the potential above

ground and to result in the operation of the over current devices in the circuit.

(2) Driven ground rods must, where practicable, have a resistance to ground not to exceed

25 ohms. Where the resistance is not as low as 25 ohms, use two or more electrodes

connected in parallel.

(3) Check grounding circuits to ensure that the circuit between the ground and the grounded

power conductor has a resistance low enough to permit enough current to flow to cause the

fuse or breaker to interrupt the circuit.

(4) Conductors used for bonding and grounding stationary and moveable equipment must be

able to carry the anticipated current.

(5) Outside conductors, 600 volts, nominal or less. Paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d)

below apply to branch circuit, feeder, and service conductors rated 600 volts, nominal, or

less and run outdoors as open conductors. Paragraph (e) below applies to lamps installed

under these conductors.

(a) Conductors on poles must provide a horizontal climbing space not less than the

following:

(A) Power conductors below communication conductors – 30 inches.

(B) Power conductors alone or above communication conductors: 300 volts or less –

24 inches; more than 300 volts – 30 inches.

(b) Clearance from ground to open conductors must conform to the following minimum

clearances:

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ELECTRICITY

437-004-2900(5)(b)(A) S-7 437-004-2950(3)

(A) 10 feet above finished grade, sidewalks, or from any platform or projection from

which they might be reached.

(B) 12 feet over areas subject to vehicle traffic other than truck traffic.

may be truck traffic.

(D) 18 feet over public streets, alleys, roads, and driveways.

fire escapes, or similar locations. Conductors run above the top level of a window do not

have to be 3 feet away.

(d) Conductors must have a clearance of not less than 8 feet from the highest point of

roofs over which they pass, except that:

(A) Where the voltage between conductors is 300 volts or less and the roof has a

slope of not less than 4 inches in 12, the clearance from roofs must be at least 3 feet,

(B) Where the voltage between conductors is 300 volts or less and the conductors do

not pass over more than 4 feet of the overhang portion of the roof and they terminate

at a through-the-roof raceway or approved support, the clearance from roofs must be

at least 18 inches.

(e) Lamps for outdoor lighting must be below all live conductors, transformers, or other

electric equipment, unless the equipment has a disconnecting means that is lockable in

the open position or unless there are adequate clearances or other safeguards for lamp

replacement.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-2950 Switches and Circuit Breakers.

(1) There must be at least 3 feet of clear space in front of switch centers or panels.

Passageways to switch centers or panels must be unobstructed.

(2) There must be enclosures or screens around live parts of electrical switchboards and

panelboards.

(3) Each disconnecting means for motors and appliances, and each service feeder or branch

circuit at the point where it originates, must have legible markings to indicate their purpose

unless the purpose is evident.

ELECTRICITY

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

437-004-2950(4) S-8 437-004-3050(3)

(4) Locate or shield disconnecting means to avoid injury to employees. Do not use open

knife switches.

(5) Securely mount boxes for disconnecting means and keep their covers in place.

(6) Boxes and disconnecting means in damp or wet locations must be waterproof.

(7) There must be sufficient light for all indoor working spaces around service equipment,

switchboards, panelboards, and motor control centers.

(8) The minimum headroom of working spaces around service equipment, switchboards,

panelboards, or motor control centers must be 6 feet 3 inches.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3000 Identification and Load Ratings.

(1) Name plates, rating data, and marks of identification on electrical equipment and

electrically operated machines must be present and legible.

(2) Do not change the circuit protection in existing installations to increase the load to more

than the load rating of the circuit wiring.

(3) Do not allow tampering, bridging, or using oversize fuses. Require workers to report

immediately to management or a qualified electrician, any fuses or breakers that blow

repeatedly.

(4) Do not attempt to restart electric motors that kick out repeatedly.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3050 Work Near Overhead Lines.

Clearance or Safeguards Required

Note: High voltage is 750 v or higher.

(1) Isolate exposed overhead conductors from contact by persons or equipment.

(2) Do not store irrigation pipe within 100 feet of overhead high voltage conductors.

(3) Do not allow upending if irrigation pipe is within 100 feet of overhead conductors.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

ELECTRICITY

437-004-3050 S-9 (4) - (9)

(4) Do not set up or operate any part of a water or irrigation system, or any other device that

discharges a conductive liquid, so that the discharge is toward or may come within 10 feet of

overhead high-voltage lines or any other exposed electric conductor.

(5) Do not require or permit an employee to pass or work near high-voltage lines, unless you

effectively guard against danger from contact.

(6) No work activity may bring workers or equipment within 10 feet of high-voltage lines.

(7) Do not operate equipment or machines near power lines except:

(a) When electrical distribution and transmission lines are deenergized and visibly

grounded at the point of work or where insulating barriers are in place to prevent

physical contact with the lines;

(b) For lines rated 50 kV. or below, minimum clearance between the lines and any part of

the object must be 10 feet;

of the object must be 10 feet plus 0.4 inches for each 1 kV., more than 50 kV., or twice

the length of the line insulator but never less than 10 feet.

(d) In transit, the clearance must be a minimum of 4 feet for voltages less than 50 kV.,

10 feet for voltages more than 50 kV. up to and including 345 kV., and 16 feet for

voltages up to and including 750 kV.

(e) A person must observe clearances and give timely warning for all work where it is

difficult for the operator to maintain the desired clearance by sight.

Warning Sign Required

(8) The employer must post and keep in plain view of the operator on each derrick, power

shovel, drilling rig, hay loader, hay stacker or similar apparatus, any part of which is capable

of vertical, lateral or swinging motion, a warning sign legible at 12 feet reading “Unlawful to

operate this equipment within 10 feet of high-voltage lines.”

Notification to Power Company and Responsibility for Safeguards

(9) When any work may be within 10 feet of any high-voltage line, the person or persons

responsible for the work must promptly notify the power company and is responsible for the

completion of required safety measures before beginning the work.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

ELECTRICITY

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(1) – (5)(b) S-10 437-004-3075

437-004-3075 Agricultural Buildings with Special Hazards.

(1) Scope. These standards apply to the following agricultural buildings or parts of buildings

or adjacent areas.

(a) Agricultural buildings where excessive dust and dust with water may accumulate.

This includes all areas of poultry, livestock and fish confinement systems, where litter

dust or feed dust, including mineral feed particles may accumulate.

(b) Agricultural buildings where a corrosive atmosphere exists. This includes areas

where poultry and animal excrements may cause corrosive vapors; corrosive particles

may combine with water; the area is damp and wet due to periodic washing for cleaning

and sanitizing with water and cleansing agents; or where similar conditions exist.

(2) Wiring. Use types UF, NMC, copper SE, or other cables or raceways suitable for the

location, with approved termination fittings. Secure all cables within 8 inches of each

cabinet, box, or fitting.

(3) Enclosures. Boxes, fittings, wiring devices, switches, circuit breakers, controllers and

fuses including push-buttons, relays, and similar devices must have enclosures as in (a)

and (b) below.

(a) Buildings with excessive dust and dust with water must use suitable enclosures.

(b) Buildings with a corrosive atmosphere must use suitable enclosures for those

conditions.

(4) Motors and machines. Motors and other rotating electrical machinery must be totally

enclosed or designed to minimize the entrance of dust, moisture, or corrosive particles.

(5) Lighting fixtures. Install lighting fixtures to minimize the entrance of dust, foreign

matter, moisture and corrosive material.

(a) Guard lighting fixtures exposed to physical damage.

(b) Lighting fixtures exposed to water must be watertight.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MISCELLANEOUS

Subdivision T T-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-3100 Excavation .................................................................................................. T-1

(1) Definition ..................................................................................................................... T-1

(2) Five feet or more......................................................................................................... T-1

(3) Less than 5 feet .......................................................................................................... T-1

(4) Strength ...................................................................................................................... T-1

(5) Design ......................................................................................................................... T-1

(6) Follow instructions ...................................................................................................... T-1

(7) System size ................................................................................................................. T-1

(8) Sloping ........................................................................................................................ T-1

(9) Access/Exit ................................................................................................................. T-1

(10) Water ........................................................................................................................ T-1

(11) Inspect daily .............................................................................................................. T-1

(12) Spoils and equipment ............................................................................................... T-2

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

T-ii

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

MISCELLANEOUS

437-004-3100 T-1 (1) – (11)

437-004-3100 Excavation.

(1) Definition.

Excavation – A man-made cut, hole, pit, trench or depression in the earth.

NOTE: Before any digging you must comply with Oregon’s “Call Before You Dig” law. Call 1-800-

332-2344.

(2) Five feet or more. Employees must not enter any excavation 5 feet or deeper unless

protective systems are in place to protect from cave-in or sloughing.

(3) Less than 5 feet. Employees must not enter any excavation less than 5 feet deep when

the sides are losing their shape, are loose or show other signs of being unstable unless

protective systems are in place to protect from cave-in or sloughing.

(4) Strength. Systems installed in the excavation must be strong enough and engineered to

provide protection from hazards of the particular excavation.

(5) Design. Systems must be as follows:

(a) Designed by a registered professional engineer.

(b) Designed using the manufacturer’s or other tabulated data.

(6) Follow instructions. When using manufactured systems, follow the instructions and do

not exceed the limitations of the system.

(7) System size. Systems must extend from the bottom of the excavation to at least the top

edge.

(8) Sloping. Sloping is an acceptable system to protect workers. Sloping must be at a ratio

of at least 1 1/2 to 1. That means a horizontal setback of 1 1/2 feet for every 1-foot of trench

depth.

(9) Access/Exit. There must be a safe way, such as a ladder or steps, to get into and out of

excavations 4 or more feet deep. In trenches, these exits must be at least every 25 linear

feet.

(10) Water. Workers will not enter excavations where there is accumulating water, either

from ground seepage or surface run-off, unless there are adequate protections from hazards

caused by the water.

(11) Inspect daily. A person familiar with these rules and the work must inspect all

excavations daily, before workers enter or reenter.

MISCELLANEOUS

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(12) T-2 437-004-3100

(12) Spoils and equipment. Keep soil and material removed from the excavation (spoils) at

least two feet away from the edge of the excavation or restrained. Equipment that could roll

or fall into the excavation must also be at least two feet back or restrained.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

VEHICLES

Subdivision U U-i Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

437-004-3410 Agricultural, Commercial and Industrial Vehicles ...................................... U-1

(1) Scope .......................................................................................................................... U-1

(2) Definitions ................................................................................................................... U-1

(3) General requirements ................................................................................................. U-1

(4) Vehicle components ................................................................................................... U-3

(5) Inspection, testing, maintenance, and repair ............................................................. U-5

(6) Transportation of workers ........................................................................................... U-5

(7) Fueling ........................................................................................................................ U-6

(8) Hauling of gasoline and other flammables ................................................................. U-6

(9) Warning devices ......................................................................................................... U-7

(10) Control of exhaust gases .......................................................................................... U-7

(11) Safety equipment – vehicles operated on public roads ........................................... U-7

Appendix A to 437-004-3410, Specific Equipment .......................................................... U-9

437-004-3420 Working from Vehicles and Vehicle Loads .............................................. U-11

(1) Riding on loads ......................................................................................................... U-11

(2) Field operations ........................................................................................................ U-11

(3) Load stability ............................................................................................................. U-11

(4) Access to the load .................................................................................................... U-11

437-004-3430 Training for Agriculture Tractor Operators ............................................... U-11

(1) Training ..................................................................................................................... U-11

437-004-3460 Industrial Vehicles .................................................................................... U-12

(1) Modifications ............................................................................................................. U-12

(2) Nameplates and markings ........................................................................................ U-12

(3) Capacity markings .................................................................................................... U-12

437-004-3480 Bridges, Roads and Ramps ..................................................................... U-12

(1) Application ................................................................................................................ U-12

(2) Roads ....................................................................................................................... U-12

(3) Bridges, runways and ramps .................................................................................... U-12

437-004-3550 Servicing Multipiece and Single Piece Rim Wheels ................................ U-13

VEHICLES

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

Table of Contents U-ii Subdivision U

437-004-3600 Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS) for Tractors in Agriculture ........ U-13

(1) Definitions ................................................................................................................. U-13

(2) General requirements ............................................................................................... U-14

(3) Seat belts .................................................................................................................. U-15

(4) Protection from sharp surfaces ................................................................................ U-16

(5) Exempted uses ......................................................................................................... U-16

(6) Remounting .............................................................................................................. U-16

(7) Labeling .................................................................................................................... U-16

437-004-3650 Roll-Over Protective Structures – Industrial Vehicles .............................. U-17

(1) Application ................................................................................................................ U-17

(2) ROPS – general requirements ................................................................................. U-17

(3) Defects ...................................................................................................................... U-17

(4) Identification of ROPS .............................................................................................. U-18

(5) Approved structures ................................................................................................. U-18

437-004-3660 Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms ....................... U-18

(1) Definitions ................................................................................................................. U-18

(2) Design requirements ................................................................................................ U-18

(3) Specific requirements ............................................................................................... U-19

(4) Working near overhead high voltage lines ............................................................... U-19

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

VEHICLES

437-004-3410 U-1 (1) – (3)(a)(C)

437-004-3410 Agricultural, Commercial and Industrial Vehicles.

(1) Scope. This applies to all motor vehicles used by employees.

(2) Definitions.

Agricultural vehicle – A vehicle specifically designed or modified for use exclusively in

agricultural operations, and not licensed for use on public roads under Oregon laws.

NOTE: Included in this definition is farm field equipment such as tractors, harvesters, planters

or any combination thereof; unlicensed trucks and wagons or trailers such as feeder trucks or

wagons and specialized crop handling vehicles; and mobile elevating and rotating work platforms

such as orchard aerial lift devices.

Commercial-type vehicles – Motor vehicles primarily for the transportation of persons

or material on roads.

Commercial type vehicles used to transport workers are:

Class ‘A’ vehicle – A bus type vehicle or van that can carry 12 or more workers; or

the “work crew” vehicle built or altered for carrying passengers.

Class ‘B’ vehicle – A vehicle or van especially built for transporting work crews in

compart- ments separate from the space used to transport supplies, tools and

equipment.

Class ‘C’ vehicle – A flatbed, pickup body or dump truck type vehicle, or vehicle of

similar open body construction.

Class ‘D’ vehicle – A passenger car or station wagon type.

NOTE: Typically a bus type vehicle has two axles and six tires or three or more axles. This does

not include vans.

Industrial-type vehicles – Vehicles designed for non-highway use, primarily for pulling

trailers or other mobile loads, straddle trucks such as lumber carriers, power industrial

trucks, and other types of vehicles especially designed for handling materials.

NOTE: When this rule uses “vehicle” by itself, it includes all the above definitions.

(3) General requirements.

(a) Operation of vehicles.

(A) Nobody may operate any unsafe vehicle. Fix unsafe conditions before using it.

(B) Only trained and authorized employees may operate any vehicle.

additional riders. Persons are never to ride on fenders, axles, hitches, tongues,

buckets, forks, drawbars or any other area not intended to carry passengers.

VEHICLES

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and Health Division

(3)(a)(D) – (3)(c) U-2 437-004-3410

(D) Do not drive a vehicle up to anyone who is in front of a stationary object.

(E) The operator must look in the direction of travel, and have a clear view of the path

of travel, unless guided by a signal person with a clear view of the route.

(F) Except when using a towbar, keep manual control over vehicles under tow.

(G) Do not stand or walk under an elevated part of a vehicle whether loaded or empty

unless it is blocked or cribbed according to OAR 437-004-3410(5)(d).

(H) Workers may not be under loads or units of materials during movement.

(I) Do not overload any vehicle. Keep loads stable and well balanced.

(J) Employees must not ride in a loaded or partially loaded cargo space while

the vehicle is moving unless the load is adequately shored, braced, or otherwise

secured.

(K) Do not drive a vehicle with an unstable or insecure load.

(L) Block the wheels and set the brakes when loading Agricultural Vehicles, Class C,

Commercial –Type Vehicles and Industrial-Type Vehicles who’s movement might

cause a hazard. This does not apply when loading “on the go.”

(M) The parking brake must be set on parked commercial and industrial vehicles.

Block or turn to a curb the wheels of vehicles parked on an incline.

(N) Do not put arms or legs between working parts or outside the running lines of

vehicles.

(O) Vehicles must have a safe way of access and exit.

(P) Do not jump on or off moving vehicles.

(Q) There must be no stunt driving or horseplay.

NOTE: Appendix A is a reprint of Oregon Revised Statutes that govern the use of some

agricultural vehicles and equipment on public highways and roads. While Oregon OSHA has

the legal authority to cite these sections, law enforcement officers are the usual source of

enforcement. We offer these laws here as a courtesy to Oregon agricultural employers and in

the interest of employee safety.

(b) Hauling of explosives. Only a driver and one other person may ride in a vehicle

hauling explosives.

voltage power lines, see Subdivision 4/S.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

VEHICLES

437-004-3410 U-3 (3)(d) – (4)(a)(F)

(d) Parking. When the operator of a commercial or industrial vehicle is not at the

controls, the brakes must be set or the wheels blocked to prevent movement. Also, fully

lower or block elevated attachments or components against descent. Unattended

vehicles must be shut off. If parked on a slope, the wheels of commercial and industrial

vehicles must be blocked or chocked.

(e) When towing, there must be a pin or other positive method of keeping the hitch pin in

the hitch.

NOTE: Unattended is when the operator cannot see the vehicle or when they are more

than 25 feet from it.

(4) Vehicle components.

(a) General.

(A) The engine shut-off device must be within reach of the operator when in their

normal operating position.

(B) There must be steps, ladders, handholds, or grab bars on vehicles for safe

access. Steps must have slip-resistant surfaces.

guardrails or other fall protection when any of the following conditions exist:

(i) The operator is standing or not protected from falling by the framework, body,

or design of the equipment; or

(ii) The floor of the operator’s station is more than 22 inches above the adjacent

floor level; or

(iii) The operator’s station, regardless of height, is located so that a worker could

fall into the path of equipment or into moving parts.

NOTE: For guardrails or similar barricades, the toprail must be 36 inches to 44 inches

above the deck; the railing must have a midrail except when it would impair the operator’s

view to crop gathering or other functions.

(D) All vehicles loaded by cranes, power shovels, loaders or similar equipment must

have a cab shield or canopy adequate to protect the operator from shifting or falling

materials.

(E) The backs of vehicle cabs exposed to shifting loads must have a substantial

bulkhead or similar device.

(F) Loads must not prevent doors of vehicle cabs from opening.

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(4)(a)(G) – (4)(d)(C) U-4 437-004-3410

(G) When transporting workers and materials simultaneously, there must be a barrier

to protect the workers and driver from the hazards of the materials. Otherwise,

anchor or restrain the load.

(H) Class “A” and “B” commercial vehicles and industrial vehicles must have seats

and back rests firmly secured in place, and such sides and ends as necessary to

prevent riders from falling off the vehicle.

(I) The operator’s platform must have a slip-resistant floor.

(J) Operating levers controlling hoisting or dumping devices on haulage bodies

must have a latch or other device that prevents accidental starting or tripping of

the mechanism.

(K) Trip handles for tailgates of dump trucks must work without endangering the

operator.

(L) Surfaces of foot pedals must be slip resistant or have slip resistant coverings.

(b) Passenger compartments.

(A) Floors and decks must have safe footing.

(B) Floors and interior of sides and ends and tops of compartments used for

transporting workers must be free of protruding objects that might cause injury.

(A) Windshields and windows must be safety glass that meets the requirements

for safety glazing material for use anywhere in a motor vehicle as defined in the

American National Standard, Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor Vehicles

Operating on Land Highways, Z26.1-1990, or a material that will furnish equivalent

safety.

(B) Replace defective or broken glass that impairs the vision of the operator.

Remove and replace broken or shattered glass that could cause injury to occupants.

NOTE: There is no requirement to change non-safety glass installed as “original equipment”

in agricultural vehicles acquired before March 31, 1975 if it is unbroken. However, when it is

replaced, the replacement glass must be approved safety glass.

(d) Brakes.

(A) All commercial and industrial vehicles must have brakes that can control them

while fully loaded on any grade over which they might run.

(B) Parking brakes must be able to hold the loaded vehicle on any grade on which it

may park, on any surface free of ice or snow.

Oregon Administrative Rules

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437-004-3410 U-5 (4)(e) – (6)(b)

(e) Steering. Use steering or spinner knobs only if the steering mechanism is a type that

prevents road reactions from causing the steering wheel to spin. The steering knob must

be within the periphery of the wheel.

(f) Lights. Vehicles operated at night must have sufficient light at the operator’s station.

(5) Inspection, testing, maintenance, and repair.

(a) Check vehicles as often as needed to assure that they are in safe operating condition

and free of damage that could cause failure while in use.

(b) Before using it, fix defects that affect the safe operation of the vehicle.

(d) Block or crib heavy machinery, equipment, elevated parts or parts supported by

slings, hoists, jacks, or other devices, to prevent falling or shifting before employees work

under or between them.

(A) Fully lower or block bulldozer and scraper blades, end-loader, end-loader

buckets, dump bodies, and similar equipment when working on them or when they

are not in use.

(B) All controls must be in neutral with motors off and brakes set, unless the work

requires otherwise.

(e) Vehicles with dump bodies or other elevating parts must have positive means of

support, permanently attached, and capable of being locked in position to prevent

accidental lowering of the body. This device must support a raised body during

maintenance or inspection work.

(f) Disconnect the battery when repairing a vehicle electrical system if accidental closing

of the circuit could cause injury.

(6) Transportation of workers.

(a) Do not transport workers in flatbed trucks, dump trucks and pickups unless:

NOTE: This does not apply to field work or loading or unloading moving vehicles.

(A) Tilting, sliding or otherwise movable decks or bodies are secured to prevent

accidental movement. Secure dump truck bodies or lock the hoist lever.

(B) Flatbed vehicles without seats must have sides and end gates at least 24 inches

high. Workers must sit on the floor.

(b) Close pickup and dump truck tailgates and make workers sit on the floor unless there

are seats secured in place and sides at least 42 inches high. A chain or rope must be

across the rear of such vehicles with seats.

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(6)(c) – (8)(b) Note U-6 437-004-3410

increase the height of pickup and dump truck bodies to at least 36 inches. Omit the side

rails when there is heavy canvas secured as a top and sides.

(d) In Class “A” and “B” commercial vehicles with seats workers must not sit on the floor

in the aisles while the vehicle is moving. Not more than one worker per row of seats may

stand. No workers may stand or sit in the driver’s area ahead of the front row of seats.

Never place boards across an aisle to provide additional seating space. Do not put seats

in an aisle. Standing workers must use handholds.

(e) When transporting workers in any vehicle, nobody may stand for more than 1-hour or

for more than 45 miles of travel, whichever is less. After that, they must get a rest period

of at least 15 minutes or be given a seat.

(7) Fueling.

(a) When fueling vehicles there may be no smoking within 35 feet.

(b) Stop vehicle engines, except diesels, while fueling.

(d) Refilling of vehicle tanks that use liquefied petroleum gases must be done outside.

Do not overfill the tanks.

(8) Hauling of gasoline and other flammables.

(a) Do not transport gasoline and other flammable liquids on commercial vehicles

carrying workers except:

(A) In closed containers of not more than 5 gallons capacity, and

(B) The containers must be accepted, labeled or listed. (As per definitions in OAR

437-004-0100 Universal Definitions), and

(D) Secure the containers to prevent shifting and put them in well-ventilated

compartments or racks.

(b) You can haul gasoline in containers of more than 5 gallons in Class “C” commercial

vehicles if all workers ride in the cab of the vehicle or in a separate compartment.

NOTE: Appendix A is a reprint of Oregon Revised Statutes that govern the use of some

agricultural vehicles and equipment on public highways and roads. While Oregon OSHA has the

legal authority to cite these sections, law enforcement officers are the usual source of

enforcement. We offer these laws here as a courtesy to Oregon agricultural employers and in the

interest of employee safety.

Oregon Administrative Rules

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and Health Division

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437-004-3410 U-7 (9)(a) - (11)(c)

(9) Warning devices.

(a) All commercial and industrial vehicles must have an audible warning (horn) device

that can be clearly heard above the surrounding noise near the vehicle.

(b) Vehicles with obstructed view to the rear must have a backup alarm audible above

the surrounding noise level, unless:

(A) The vehicle backs up only when an observer signals that doing so is safe; or

(B) The vehicle operator first verifies that no person is in the path of the reverse

travel, or can enter it unobserved.

towed unit, there must be a way to communicate with them. Otherwise, there must be a

way for the riders in the towed unit to stop it in case of an emergency.

(10) Control of exhaust gases.

(a) Exhaust pipes must direct the exhaust gases away from the operator and

passengers.

(b) Insulate or isolate exhaust pipes exposed to contact.

(11) Safety equipment – vehicles operated on public roads.

(a) There must be a first aid kit on Class A and B commercial type vehicles that transport

workers. First aid kits must be clean, stocked and readily available to the driver or crew.

(b) There must be a B/C fire extinguisher on Class A and B commercial type vehicles

that transport workers.

emblem as in 4/J, OAR 437-004-1180, Accident Prevention Signs, Symbols, Tags of

the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Code and in ORS 483.457, “Slow Moving

Vehicle Emblem.”

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

U-8

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

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437-004-3410 U-9 Appendix A

Appendix A to 437-004-3410, Specific Equipment

815.110 Requirements for and use of slow-moving vehicle emblem. This section

establishes requirements for ORS 815.115. The requirements under this section are in

addition to any other requirements for lighting equipment provided by law. Except as

specifically provided by an exemption under ORS 815.120, a person violates ORS 815.115

if the person does not comply with any of the following requirements:

(1) The following types of vehicles must display slow-moving vehicle emblems described

under ORS 815.060:

(a) Vehicles or combinations of vehicles designed for customary use at speeds of less

than 25 miles per hour.

(b) Golf carts or similar vehicles when operated by a disabled person.

(2) Slow-moving vehicle emblems must meet the requirements for such emblems

established by the Department of Transportation by rule under ORS 815.060.

(3) Slow-moving vehicle emblems shall be displayed on the rear of the power unit. When a

combination of vehicles is being operated in a manner that obscures the emblem mounted

on the power unit, an additional emblem shall be displayed on the rear of the rearmost

vehicle in the combination. [1983 c.338 §469; 2001 c.529 §5]

815.120 Exemptions from emblem requirements. This section establishes exemptions

from the requirements of ORS 815.110 and 815.115. The exemptions under this section are

in addition to any exemptions under ORS 801.026. The exemptions under this section are

partial or complete as described in the following:

(1) Vehicles of special interest that are registered under ORS 805.020 are deemed to comply

with the requirements if:

(a) The vehicles are equipped with original manufacturer’s equipment and accessories,

or their equivalent, and are maintained in safe operating condition; or

(b) The vehicles are street rods that conform to ORS 815.107.

(2) Antique vehicles are not subject to the standards if the vehicles are maintained as

collectors’ items and used for exhibitions, parades, club activities and similar uses, but

not used primarily for the transportation of persons or property.

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Appendix A U-10 437-004-3410

(3) Road machinery, road rollers and farm tractors are not subject to the requirements except

as provided in this subsection. Such vehicles or combinations thereof are subject to the

requirements if the vehicles are designed for use at speeds less than 25 miles per hour,

except when such vehicles are engaged in actual construction or maintenance work and

guarded by a flagger or by clear visible warning signs. [1983 c.338 §470; 1985 c.16 §246;

1985 c.69 §8; 1997 c.402 §8]

IMPLEMENTS OF HUSBANDRY

820.400 Unlawful operation of implement of husbandry; penalty.

(1) A person commits the offense of unlawful operation of an implement of husbandry if the

person operates an implement of husbandry in violation of any of the following:

(a) Such vehicle must be driven as closely as is practicable to the right-hand edge of the

roadbed, including the shoulders, if any.

(b) Such vehicle, if the movement of the vehicle occurs during the hours of darkness,

must be equipped and operating two headlights, clearance lights and reflectors marking

the overall width as far as practical and visible from the front, rear and sides and a

taillight.

broadcast shall be operated in an implement of husbandry at any time while the

implement of husbandry is being operated on a highway.

(d) Such vehicle must display, when driven, a slow-moving vehicle emblem described in

ORS 815.060.

(2) The offense described in this section, unlawful operation of an implement of husbandry,

is a Class D traffic violation. [1983 c.338 §779; 1985 c.69 §7; 1985 c.393 §55; 1995 c.383

§101]

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

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437-004-3420(1) U-11 437-004-3430(1)(f)

437-004-3420 Working from Vehicles and Vehicle Loads.

(1) Riding on loads. Employees must not ride on top of loads that may dangerously shift,

topple over, or otherwise become unstable. Employees must sit when riding on loads,

except when doing field work at slow, even speeds over smooth ground.

(2) Field operations. When employees work on the cargo space of moving trucks or

trailers, as in field operations, the operator must:

(a) Reduce vehicle speed to the slowest possible.

(b) Operate the vehicle at a steady, smooth rate. Avoid erratic moves.

ditches, warn employees to sit down in a safe place, away from the edge, and to hold

on to a secure handhold.

(d) Except for vehicles being loaded while moving, set the brakes during loading.

(3) Load stability. Secure loads against dangerous displacement either by piling or

securing to prevent shifting, toppling over or other instability.

(4) Access to the load. There must be adequate access to safely reach the top of the load

for manual loading or unloading of high loads.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3430 Training for Agriculture Tractor Operators.

(1) Training. Train all employees who drive an agricultural tractor about the operating

practices below and about any other practices peculiar to the work environment. Do this

training at the time of initial assignment to driving duties and at least annually after that.

(a) Securely fasten your seat belt if the tractor has a ROPS.

(b) Where possible, avoid operating the tractor near ditches, embankments, and holes.

(d) Stay off slopes too steep for safe operation.

(e) Watch where you are going, especially at row ends, on roads, and around trees.

(f) Do not permit others to ride unless there is a safe seat.

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437-004-3430(1)(g) U-12 437-004-3480(3)(a)

(g) Operate the tractor smoothly – no jerky turns, starts, or stops.

(h) Hitch only to the drawbar and hitch points recommended by the tractor manufacturer.

(i) When the tractor is stopped, set brakes securely and use park lock if available.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3460 Industrial Vehicles.

(1) Modifications. The manufacturer or a professional engineer must direct

modifications and additions that affect capacity and safe operation of industrial vehicles.

Change the capacity, operations, and maintenance instruction plates, tags, or decals to

reflect the changes.

(2) Nameplates and markings. All nameplates and markings must be in place and legible.

(3) Capacity markings. The rated capacity of each power industrial truck must be legible

and in plain view of the operator.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3480 Bridges, Roads and Ramps.

(1) Application. This applies to bridges, roads and ramps on agricultural places of

employment.

(2) Roads.

(a) Roads must be wide enough to allow safe operation of equipment.

(b) Low clearance areas that could present a hazard must have warning signs.

other dangerous surface defects.

(d) Remove obstructions to clear view at intersections or sharp curves or take

precautions to relieve the hazards.

(3) Bridges, runways and ramps.

(a) Bridges, runways or ramps and loading docks must be built to safely support any

anticipated load. Ramp surfaces must have a material that minimizes the danger of

skidding. Structural members must be sound and free of decay or deterioration that

could reduce safety.

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437-004-3480(3)(b) U-13 437-004-3600(1)

(b) Bridges and culverts must be wide enough to allow safe operation of equipment.

and sloughing, caving, or slipping fill materials or approaches.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3550 Servicing Multipiece and Single Piece Rim Wheels.

(1) Workers must use a safety tire rack, cage, or equivalent protection over tires mounted on

split rims with locking rings or similar devices, when:

(a) inflating tires; or

(b) adding air to tires on or off the vehicle if the tire was run while flat or if the rim or

locking device was disturbed in any way.

NOTE: A tire is flat if it has lost more than 50 percent of its normal pressure.

(2) Airlines used to inflate tires must have clip-on chucks.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3600 Roll-Over Protective Structures (ROPS) for Tractors in

Agriculture.

(1) Definitions.

Agricultural tractor – A two- or four-wheel drive type vehicle, or track vehicle, of more

than 20 engine horsepower, designed to furnish the power to pull, carry, propel, or drive

implements designed for agriculture. Self-propelled implements are excluded.

Low profile tractor – A wheeled tractor with these characteristics:

The front wheel spacing equals the rear wheel spacing, measured from the centerline

of each right wheel to the centerline of the opposite left wheel;

The clearance from the bottom of the chassis to the ground is less than 18 inches;

The highest point of the hood is 60 inches or less; and

The tractor is designed so that a seated operator straddles the transmission.

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(1) – (2)(b)(A) U-14 437-004-3600

Tractor weight – Includes the protective frame or enclosure, all fuels, and other

components required for normal use of the tractor. Add ballast as necessary to get a

minimum total weight of 110 pounds (50.0 kilograms) per maximum power takeoff

horsepower at the rated engine speed or the maximum gross vehicle weight specified by

the manufacturer, whichever is the greatest. Front end weight must be at least 25

percent of the tractor test weight. If power takeoff horsepower is not available, use 95

percent of net engine flywheel horsepower.

(2) General requirements. Agricultural tractors manufactured after October 25, 1976, and

before January 1, 2007, must meet these requirements:

(a) Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for tractors used in agriculture. A roll-

over protective structure must be on each tractor operated by an employee. Except as

in OAR 437-004-3600(5), ROPS on wheel-type tractors must meet the test and

performance requirements of one of these:

The American Society of Agricultural Engineers Standard (ASAE) S306.3-1974,

“Protective Frame for Agricultural Tractors – Test Procedures and Performance

Requirements” and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J334-1970,

“Protective Frame Test Procedures and Performance Requirements.”

ASAE Standard S336.1-1974, “Protective Enclosures for Agricultural Tractors – Test

Procedures and Performance Requirements” and SAE J1194-1994.

These ASAE and SAE standards are incorporated by reference. Get copies from:

American Society of Agricultural Engineers

2950 Niles Road, PO Box 229

St Joseph MI 49085

Society of Automotive Engineers

485 Lexington Avenue

New York NY 10017

Copies are available for review at the Oregon OSHA Resource Center, 350 Winter Street

NE, Salem, Oregon 97301-3882.

(b) Agricultural tractors manufactured on or after January 1, 2007, must meet these

requirements:

(A) Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for tractors used in agriculture. A roll-over

protective structure must be on each tractor operated by an employee. Except as in

OAR 437-004-3600(5), ROPS on wheel-type tractors must meet the test and

performance requirements of:

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

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437-004-3600 U-15 (2)(b)(A) – (3)(e)

(i) 29 CFR 1928.52 Protective frames for wheel-type agricultural tractors – test

procedures and performance requirements.

Link:

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDAR

DS&p_id=13076

And

(ii) 29 CFR 1928.53 Protective enclosures for wheel-type agricultural tractors –

test procedures and performance requirements.

Link:

http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDAR

DS&p_id=13077

Copies of Federal OSHA rules are available at the Oregon OSHA Resource Center, 350

Winter Street NE, Salem, Oregon 97301-3882.

(3) Seat belts.

(a) When these rules require ROPS, the employer must:

(A) Have a seat belt that meets the requirement of this rule on each tractor;

(B) Ensure that workers use a seat belt while the tractor is moving; and

protective area of the ROPS.

(b) Each seat belt must meet the requirements in Society of Automotive Engineers

Standard J114-1994, J140-1995, J141-1995, J339-1994, and J800-1994, except;

accommodate the ride motion of the operator.

(d) The seat belt anchorage must be able to withstand a static tensile load of 1,000

pounds (453.6 kilograms) at 45 degrees to the horizontal equally divided between the

anchorages. The seat mounting must be able to withstand this load plus a load equal

to four times the weight of all applicable seat components applied at 45 degrees to the

horizontal in a forward and upward direction. In addition, the seat mounting must be

able to withstand a 500-pound (226.8 kilograms) belt load plus twice the weight of all

applicable seat components both applied at 45 degrees to the horizontal in an upward

and rearward direction. Floor and seat deformation is acceptable if there is no structure

failure or release of the seat adjusted mechanism or other locking device.

(e) The seat belt webbing material must be resistant to acids, alkalis, mildew, aging,

moisture, and sunlight.

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(4) – (7)(d) U-16 437-004-3600

(4) Protection from sharp surfaces. Sharp edges and corners at the operator’s station

must not contribute to operator injury in case of a tip over or roll-over.

(5) Exempted uses. OAR 437-004-3600(2) and (3) do not apply to the following uses:

(a) “Low profile” tractors used in orchards, vineyards or hop yards where the vertical

clearance would interfere with normal use, and while their use is incidental to the work

done in that location.

(b) “Low profile” tractors used inside a farm building or greenhouse where the vertical

clearance does not allow a tractor with ROPS to operate, and while their use is incidental

to the work done in that location.

cotton strippers, vegetable pickers and fruit harvesters);

(d) Track-type agricultural tractors whose overall width (as measured between the

outside edges of the tracks) is at least three times the height of their rated center of

gravity, and whose rated maximum speed in either forward or reverse is not greater than

7 mph, when used only for tillage or harvesting operations and while their use is

incidental thereto, and that:

(A) Does not involve operating on slopes more than 40 percent from the horizontal,

and

(B) Does not involve operating on piled crop products or residue, such as, silage in

stacks or pits, and

2 feet deep which contain slopes more than 40 percent from the horizontal; and

(D) Does not involve construction type work, such as bulldozing, grading or land

clearing.

(6) Remounting. When ROPS is removed for any reason, remount it to meet the

requirements of these rules.

(7) Labeling. Each ROPS must have a permanent label that gives the:

(a) Manufacturer’s or fabricator’s name and address;

(b) ROPS model number, if any;

(d) That the ROPS model was tested according to the requirements of these rules.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

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Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

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437-004-3650 U-17 (1) – (3)(b)(F)

437-004-3650 Roll-Over Protective Structures – Industrial Vehicles.

(1) Application. There must be roll-over protective structures (ROPS) on certain industrial

vehicles manufactured after July 1, 1969. ROPS requirements apply to the following types of

industrial vehicles and equipment: Rubber-tired self-propelled scrapers; front-end loaders

and dozers; wheel-type industrial tractors; crawler tractors; crawler-type loaders; and motor

graders, with or without attachments. This requirement does not apply to sideboom pipe

laying tractors, or other vehicles whose structure prevents overturn. OAR 437-004-3600

covers ROPS for tractors used only in farming.

(2) ROPS – general requirements.

(a) Roll-over protective structures and their supporting attachments to industrial vehicles

must be capable of supporting twice the weight of the vehicle, applied at the point of

impact.

(b) The design objective for roll-over protective structures on industrial vehicles is to

minimize the likelihood of a complete vehicle overturn, and to minimize the possibility

of the operator being crushed.

the ROPS canopy.

(d) Once removed, remount ROPS with bolts or welding or equal or better quality as

required for the original mounting.

(3) Defects.

(a) Repairs to defective ROPS must be of equal quality or better materials and welding

as on the original structure.

(b) Minimum performance criteria for roll-over protective structures for designated

vehicles are in the following Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) standards:

(A) Prime movers, for scrapers, water wagons, bottom dump wagons, side dump

wagons, rear dump wagons, towed fifth wheel attachments. (SAE J1040, 1994)

(B) Wheeled front-end loaders and wheeled dozers. (SAE J1040, 1994)

(D) Motor graders. (SAE J1040, 1994)

(E) Wheel-type agricultural and industrial tractors. (SAE J167, 1992)

(F) Falling object protective structures (FOPS). (SAE J231, May 1981)

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437-004-3650(4) U-18 437-004-3660(2)(c)

(4) Identification of ROPS. Each ROPS must have the following information permanently

affixed to the structure:

(a) Manufacturer or fabricator’s name and address;

(b) ROPS model number, if any; and

(5) Approved structures. Any machine in use, with roll-over protective structures, complies

with these rules if it meets the roll-over protective structure requirements of the U. S. Army

Corps of Engineers, or the Bureau of Reclamation of the U. S. Department of the Interior, in

effect on April 5, 1972. The requirements in effect are:

(a) U. S. Army Corps of Engineers: General Safety Requirements, EM-385-1-1

(September 1996).

(b) Bureau of Reclamation, U. S. Department of the Interior: Safety and Health

Regulations for Construction, Part II (September 1971).

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

437-004-3660 Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms.

NOTE: This section does not apply to aerial devices made and used in orchards or tree operations,

such as pruning.

(1) Definitions.

Aerial device. Any vehicle-mounted device, telescoping or articulating, or both, for

positioning personnel.

Platform. Any personnel-carrying device (basket or bucket) which is part of an aerial

device.

(2) Design requirements.

(a) The equipment operation manual must be with the equipment or the workers using

it. Workers must follow the manufacturer’s instructions and procedures. Work must

not exceed equipment limitations and restrictions.

(b) “Field modification” of aerial lifts for uses other than those intended by the

manufacturer are acceptable, if the manufacturer certifies in writing that the modification

conforms with ANSI A92.2-1990 and this section and is at least as safe as the equipment

was before modification. This certification may also be by any other equivalent entity,

such as a nationally recognized testing laboratory.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety

and Health Division

VEHICLES

437-004-3660 U-19 (2)(d) – (4)(a)

(d) Gates in platform enclosures must have safety latches that prevent unintended

opening.

(e) Articulating boom and extensible boom platforms, primarily designed to carry

personnel, must have both platform (upper) and lower controls. Upper controls must be

in or beside the platform within easy reach of the operator. Lower controls must allow

overriding of the upper controls. Markings must clearly show each control’s function.

(3) Specific requirements.

(a) Extensible and articulating boom platforms.

(A) Test lift controls before use to determine that they are in safe working condition.

(B) Allow only trained persons to operate an aerial lift.

aerial lift.

(D) Stand firmly on the floor of the basket. Do not sit or climb on the edge of the

basket or use planks, ladders or other devices for a work position.

(E) Wear a body belt and a lanyard attached to the boom or basket when in an aerial

lift. The lanyard must be as short as possible for the work but in no case longer than

6 feet.

(F) Do not exceed the manufacturer’s boom and basket load limits. Keep those limits

legibly posted on the boom.

(G) Set the brakes and position the outriggers on pads or a solid surface. Chock the

wheels before using an aerial lift on an incline.

(H) Do not move an aerial lift truck when the boom is elevated with people in the

basket, except for equipment specially designed for such movement.

(I) Do not alter the insulated portion of an aerial lift in a way that might reduce its

insulating value.

(J) Except as in (3)(b)(H) above, before moving an aerial lift for travel, inspect the

boom(s) to see that it is properly cradled and outriggers are stowed.

(4) Working near overhead high voltage lines.

(a) Required clearances for stationary work. Do not require or permit anybody to

enter or work near high-voltage lines unless danger from accidental contact with the lines

is guarded against or eliminated. Clearances and distances in OAR 437-004-3050

apply.

VEHICLES

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and Health Division

– END OF DOCUMENT –

(4)(b) – (4)(d) U-20 437-004-3660

(b) Clearance or safeguards for moving equipment. Do not move equipment in a way

that might allow the people or objects to come within 10 feet of high-voltage lines.

(A) For equipment in transit, on smooth surfaces, the clearance must be at least

4 feet for voltages less than 50 kV., 10 feet for voltages more than 50 kV., up to and

including 345 kV., and 16 feet for voltages up to and including 750 kV.

(B) When it is hard for the operator to see well enough to keep the desired clearance,

somebody must watch the work and warn the operator.

equipment, fixtures or attachments must not reduce the 10-foot clearance

requirement.

“Unlawful to operate this equipment within 10 feet of high-voltage lines.”

(d) Notification to power company and responsibility for safeguards. When working

or placing material or equipment within 10 feet of any high-voltage line, the employer

must promptly notify the operator of the high-voltage line. Employers are responsible for

completing the safety measures required before allowing any work that could impair the

clearance.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

Oregon Administrative Rules

Chapter 437

Division 4

Agriculture

Worker Protection

Standard

Subdivision

Administrative

Order 2-2018

The Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services adopted these rules pursuant to ORS

654.025(2).

The Secretary of State designated OAR Chapter 437 as the “Oregon Occupational Safety and

Health Code.” Six general subject areas within this code are designated as “Divisions.”

• Division 1 General Administrative Rules

• Division 2 General Occupational Safety and Health Rules

• Division 3 Construction

• Division 4 Agriculture

• Division 5 Maritime Activities

• Division 7 Forest Activities

• Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 654 The Oregon Safe Employment Act (OSEAct)

Oregon-initiated rules in this division of the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Code are

numbered in a uniform system developed by the Secretary of State. This system does not

number the rules in sequence (001, 002, 003, etc.). Omitted numbers may be assigned to new

rules at the time of their adoption.

Oregon-initiated rules are arranged in the following Basic Codification Structure adopted by the

Secretary of State for Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR):

Chapter Division Rule Section Subsection Paragraphs

437 002 0322 (1) (a) (A)(i)(I)

The majority of Oregon OSHA rules are adopted by reference from the Code of Federal

Regulations (CFR), and are arranged in the following basic federal numbering system:

Chapter Division Part Subpart Section Paragraphs

(Subdivision)

437 002 1910 G .303 (a)(1)(i)(A)

(1)

The terms “subdivision” and “subpart” are synonymous within OAR 437, Oregon Occupational

Safety and Health Code.

To obtain an order form or copies of these codes, address:

Department of Consumer & Business Services

Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division (Oregon OSHA)

350 Winter St. NE

Salem, OR 97301-3882

Or call the Oregon OSHA Resource Library at 503-378-3272

The rules referenced in this division are available for viewing in the Office of the Secretary of

State, Oregon State Archives Building, Salem, Oregon, or the Central Office, Oregon Occupational

Safety and Health Division of the Department of Consumer and Business Services, 350 Winter St.

NE, Salem, Oregon, and on our web site at osha.oregon.gov

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Table of contents W - iii Table of contents

Table of contents

437-004-6000

Adoption by Reference of Federal Worker Protection Standard

. 1

437-004-6001

Expiration and Implementation Dates

................................... 2

Subpart D--General Provisions

170.301 Scope and purpose ............................................................ 5

170.303 Applicability of this part ...................................................... 5

170.305 Definitions ........................................................................ 6

170.309 Agricultural employer duties .............................................. 11

170.311 Display requirements for pesticide safety information and

pesticide application and hazard information ....................... 14

170.313 Commercial pesticide handler employer duties..................... 19

170.315 Prohibited actions ............................................................ 22

Subpart E--Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Workers

170.401 Training requirements for workers ..................................... 25

437-004-6401

Effective dates for worker training programs in Oregon

......... 26

170.403 Establishment-specific information for workers .................... 29

170.405 Entry restrictions associated with pesticide applications ........ 30

437-004-6405

Restrictions associated with outdoor production pesticide

applications

..................................................................... 30

437-004-6406

Pesticide spray drift and innovative methods

....................... 34

170.407 Worker entry restrictions after pesticide applications ............ 37

170.409 Oral and posted notification of worker entry restrictions ....... 37

170.411 Decontamination supplies for workers ................................ 44

Subpart F--Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Pesticide Handlers

170.501 Training requirements for handlers..................................... 47

437-004-6501

Handler training programs in Oregon

.................................. 48

437-004-6502

Oregon requirements for Worker Protection Standard trainers of

handlers who qualify using train-the-trainer programs

.......... 49

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Table of contents W - iv Table of contents

170.503 Knowledge of labeling, application-specific, and establishment-

specific information for handlers ........................................ 50

170.505 Requirements during applications to protect handlers, workers,

and other persons ............................................................ 51

170.507 Personal protective equipment ........................................... 52

437-004-6508

Respiratory Protection

...................................................... 55

170.509 Decontamination and eye flushing supplies for handlers ....... 58

437-004-6509

Emergency eye-washes and eye flushing supplies

................ 59

Subpart G--Exemptions, Exceptions and Equivalency

170.601 Exemptions ..................................................................... 61

170.603 Exceptions for entry by workers during restricted-entry

intervals ......................................................................... 62

170.605 Agricultural employer responsibilities to protect workers

entering treated areas during a restricted-entry interval ....... 65

170.607 Exceptions to personal protective equipment requirements

specified on pesticide product labeling ................................ 67

Notes

Historical Notes for Subdivision W ............................................................... 73

List of Figures for Subdivision W ................................................................. 76

List of Tables for Subdivision W .................................................................. 76

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437-004-6000 Adoption by Reference of Federal Worker Protection

Standard

In addition to, and not in lieu of, any other safety and health codes contained in

OAR Chapter 437, the Department adopts by reference the following federal

regulations printed as part of the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR 170, in the

Federal Register:

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt revisions to Sections 170.2; 170.135; 170.235 published in the

November 2, 2015 Federal Register.

(4) Subpart D--General Provisions

(a) 40 CFR 170.301 Scope and purpose.

(b) 40 CFR 170.303 Applicability of this part.

(d) 40 CFR 170.309 Agricultural employer duties.

(e) 40 CFR 170.311 Display requirements for pesticide safety information and

pesticide application and hazard information.

(f) 40 CFR 170.313 Commercial pesticide handler employer duties.

(g) 40 CFR 170.315 Prohibited actions.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.317 Violations of this part.

(5) Subpart E--Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Workers

(a) 40 CFR 170.401 Training requirements for workers.

(b) 40 CFR 170.403 Establishment-specific information for workers.

(d) 40 CFR 170.407 Worker entry restrictions after pesticide applications.

(e) 40 CFR 170.409 Oral and posted notification of worker entry restrictions.

(f) 40 CFR 170.411 Decontamination supplies for workers.

(6) Subpart F--Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Pesticide Handlers

(a) 40 CFR 170.501 Training requirements for handlers.

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437-004-6000 W - 2 437-001-6001 (2)

(b) 40 CFR 170.503 Knowledge of labeling, application-specific, and

establishment-specific information for handlers.

workers, and other persons.

(d) 40 CFR 170.507 Personal protective equipment.

(e) 40 CFR 170.509 Decontamination and eye flushing supplies for handlers.

(7) Subpart G--Exemptions, Exceptions and Equivalency

(a) 40 CFR 170.601 Exemptions.

(b) 40 CFR 170.603 Exceptions for entry by workers during restricted-entry

intervals.

entering treated areas during a restricted-entry interval.

(d) 40 CFR 170.607 Exceptions to personal protective equipment

requirements specified on pesticide product labeling.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt Sec. 170.609 Equivalency requests.

These standards are available at the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health

Division, Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, and the United

States Government Printing Office.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Hist: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f. 8/28/98, ef. 10/1/98.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2004, f. 12/30/04, ef. 12/30/04.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2006, f. 9/22/06, ef. 9/22/06.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 9-2009, f. 9/21/09, ef. 9/21/09.

OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

437-004-6001 Expiration and Implementation Dates

(1) Expiration date. Division 4/W, 170.1 through 170.260 of the Worker

Protection Standard shall expire on, and will no longer be effective after

December 31, 2017.

(2) Implementation date. Beginning January 1, 2018, the requirements of

Division 4/W, 170.301 through 170.607; and 437-004-6001, 437-004-6401,

437-004-6501, 437-004-6502, 437-004-6508, and 437-004-6509, shall apply

to the use of pesticide products as defined in Section 170.303 Applicability of

the Worker Protection Standard.

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Note: Oregon OSHA is initiating a new rulemaking on OAR 437-004-6405 and OAR 437-004-6406

in early 2017 with the intention of adopting those rules into the modified Division 4/W Worker

Protection Standard with an effective date of January 1, 2018.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

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170.301 W - 5 170.303 (b)(3)

Subpart D--General Provisions

170.301 Scope and purpose

This regulation is primarily intended to reduce the risks of illness or injury to

workers and handlers resulting from occupational exposures to pesticides used in

the production of agricultural plants on agricultural establishments. It requires

agricultural employers and commercial pesticide handler employers to provide

specific information and protections to workers, handlers and other persons when

pesticides are used on agricultural establishments in the production of

agricultural plants. It also requires handlers to wear the labeling-specified

clothing and personal protective equipment when performing handler activities,

and to take measures to protect workers and other persons during pesticide

applications.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.303 Applicability of this part

(a) This regulation applies whenever a pesticide product bearing a label requiring

compliance with this part is used in the production of agricultural plants on an

agricultural establishment, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of

this section.

(b) This regulation does not apply when a pesticide product bearing a label

requiring compliance with this part is used on an agricultural establishment in

any of the following circumstances:

(1) As part of government-sponsored public pest control programs over which

the owner, agricultural employer and handler employer have no control,

such as mosquito abatement and Mediterranean fruit fly eradication

programs.

(2) On plants other than agricultural plants, which may include plants in home

fruit and vegetable gardens and home greenhouses, and permanent

plantings for ornamental purposes, such as plants that are in ornamental

gardens, parks, public or private landscaping, lawns or other grounds that

are intended only for aesthetic purposes or climatic modification.

(3) For control of vertebrate pests, unless directly related to the production of

an agricultural plant.

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170.303 (b)(4) W - 6 170.305

(4) As attractants or repellents in traps.

(5) On the harvested portions of agricultural plants or on harvested timber.

(6) For research uses of unregistered pesticides.

(7) On pasture and rangeland where the forage will not be harvested for hay.

(8) In a manner not directly related to the production of agricultural plants,

including, but not limited to structural pest control and control of

vegetation in non-crop areas.

labeling requirements are inconsistent with requirements of this part, users

must comply with the pesticide product labeling, except as provided for in

Sec. 170.601, 170.603 and 170.607.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.305 Definitions

Terms used in this part have the same meanings they have in the Federal

Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, as amended. In addition, the

following terms, when used in this part, shall have the following meanings:

Agricultural employer means any person who is an owner of, or is responsible for

the management or condition of, an agricultural establishment, and who

employs any worker or handler.

Agricultural establishment means any farm, forest operation, or nursery engaged

in the outdoor or enclosed space production of agricultural plants. An

establishment that is not primarily agricultural is an agricultural establishment

if it produces agricultural plants for transplant or use (in part or their entirety)

in another location instead of purchasing the agricultural plants.

Agricultural plant means any plant, or part thereof, grown, maintained, or

otherwise produced for commercial purposes, including growing, maintaining

or otherwise producing plants for sale or trade, for research or experimental

purposes, or for use in part or their entirety in another location. Agricultural

plant includes, but is not limited to, grains, fruits and vegetables; wood fiber

or timber products; flowering and foliage plants and trees; seedlings and

transplants; and turf grass produced for sod. Agricultural plant does not

include pasture or rangeland used for grazing.

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170.305 W - 7 170.305

Application exclusion zone means the area surrounding the application equipment

that must be free of all persons other than appropriately trained and equipped

handlers during pesticide applications.

Chemigation means the application of pesticides through irrigation systems.

Closed system means an engineering control used to protect handlers from

pesticide exposure hazards when mixing and loading pesticides.

Commercial pesticide handler employer means any person, other than an

agricultural employer, who employs any handler to perform handler activities

on an agricultural establishment. A labor contractor who does not provide

pesticide application services or supervise the performance of handler

activities, but merely employs laborers, who perform handler activities at the

direction of an agricultural or handler employer, is not a commercial pesticide

handler employer.

Commercial pesticide handling establishment means any enterprise, other than

an agricultural establishment, that provides pesticide handler or crop advising

services to agricultural establishments.

Crop advisor means any person who is assessing pest numbers, damage,

pesticide distribution, or the status or requirements of agricultural plants.

Designated representative means any persons designated in writing by a worker

or handler to exercise a right of access on behalf of the worker or handler to

request and obtain a copy of the pesticide application and hazard information

required by Sec. 170.309(h) in accordance with Sec. 170.311(b) of this part.

Early entry means entry by a worker into a treated area on the agricultural

establishment after a pesticide application is complete, but before any

restricted-entry interval for the pesticide has expired.

Employ means to obtain, directly or through a labor contractor, the services of a

person in exchange for a salary or wages, including piece-rate wages, without

regard to who may pay or who may receive the salary or wages. It includes

obtaining the services of a self-employed person, an independent contractor,

or a person compensated by a third party, except that it does not include an

agricultural employer obtaining the services of a handler through a

commercial pesticide handler employer or a commercial pesticide handling

establishment.

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170.305 W - 8 170.305

Enclosed cab means a cab with a nonporous barrier that totally surrounds the

occupant(s) of the cab and prevents dermal contact with pesticides that are

being applied outside of the cab.

Enclosed space production means production of an agricultural plant indoors or in

a structure or space that is covered in whole or in part by any nonporous

covering and that is large enough to permit a person to enter.

Fumigant means any pesticide product that is a vapor or gas, or forms a vapor or

gas upon application, and whose pesticidal action is achieved through the

gaseous or vapor state.

Hand labor means any agricultural activity performed by hand or with hand tools

that causes a worker to have substantial contact with plants, plant parts, or

soil and other surfaces that may contain pesticide residues, except that hand

labor does not include operating, moving, or repairing irrigation or watering

equipment or performing crop advisor tasks.

Handler means any person, including a self-employed person, who is employed

by an agricultural employer or commercial pesticide handler employer and

performs any of the following activities:

(1) Mixing, loading, or applying pesticides.

(2) Disposing of pesticides.

(3) Handling opened containers of pesticides, emptying, triple-rinsing, or

cleaning pesticide containers according to pesticide product labeling

instructions, or disposing of pesticide containers that have not been

cleaned. The term does not include any person who is only handling

unopened pesticide containers or pesticide containers that have been

emptied or cleaned according to pesticide product labeling instructions.

Note: Unless pesticide containers have been emptied AND cleaned according to product

labeling instructions, handling them is considered a type of handling activity.

(4) Acting as a flagger.

(5) Cleaning, adjusting, handling, or repairing the parts of mixing, loading, or

application equipment that may contain pesticide residues.

(6) Assisting with the application of pesticides.

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170.305 W - 9 170.305

(7) Entering an enclosed space after the application of a pesticide and before

the inhalation exposure level listed in the labeling has been reached or one

of the ventilation criteria established by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the labeling

has been met to operate ventilation equipment, monitor air levels, or

adjust or remove coverings used in fumigation.

(8) Entering a treated area outdoors after application of any soil fumigant

during the labeling-specified entry-restricted period to adjust or remove

coverings used in fumigation.

(9) Performing tasks as a crop advisor during any pesticide application or

restricted-entry interval, or before the inhalation exposure level listed in

the pesticide product labeling has been reached or one of the ventilation

criteria established by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the pesticide product labeling

has been met.

Handler employer means any person who is self-employed as a handler or who

employs any handler.

Immediate family is limited to the spouse, parents, stepparents, foster parents,

father-in-law, mother-in-law, children, stepchildren, foster children, sons-in-

law, daughters-in-law, grandparents, grandchildren, brothers, sisters,

brothers-in-law, sisters-in-law, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, and first

cousins. ``First cousin'' means the child of a parent's sibling, i.e., the child of

an aunt or uncle.

Note: In Oregon, the farm’s family members include all of the immediate family listed above

and any blood relative living as a dependent of the core family. Farm family members do not

fall under the rules and jurisdiction of Oregon OSHA whether or not they elect workers’

compensation coverage. Where farms also hire non-family workers, Oregon OSHA will only

cite for violations where the non-family workers are or could be exposed to the hazard.

Labor contractor means a person, other than a commercial pesticide handler

employer, who employs workers or handlers to perform tasks on an

agricultural establishment for an agricultural employer or a commercial

pesticide handler employer.

Outdoor production means production of an agricultural plant in an outside area

that is not enclosed or covered in any way that would obstruct the natural air

flow.

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Owner means any person who has a present possessory interest (e.g., fee,

leasehold, rental, or other) in an agricultural establishment. A person who has

both leased such agricultural establishment to another person and granted

that same person the right and full authority to manage and govern the use of

such agricultural establishment is not an owner for purposes of this part.

Personal protective equipment means devices and apparel that are worn to

protect the body from contact with pesticides or pesticide residues, including,

but not limited to, coveralls, chemical-resistant suits, chemical-resistant

gloves, chemical-resistant footwear, respirators, chemical-resistant aprons,

chemical-resistant headgear, and protective eyewear.

Restricted-entry interval means the time after the end of a pesticide application

during which entry into the treated area is restricted.

Safety data sheet has the same meaning as the definition at 29 CFR

1910.1200(c).

Treated area means any area to which a pesticide is being directed or has been

directed.

Use, as in “to use a pesticide” means any of the following:

(1) Pre-application activities, including, but not limited to:

(i) Arranging for the application of the pesticide.

(ii) Mixing and loading the pesticide.

(iii) Making necessary preparations for the application of the pesticide,

including responsibilities related to worker notification, training of

workers or handlers, providing decontamination supplies, providing

pesticide safety information and pesticide application and hazard

information, use and care of personal protective equipment, providing

emergency assistance, and heat stress management.

(2) Application of the pesticide.

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(3) Post-application activities intended to reduce the risks of illness and

injury resulting from handlers' and workers' occupational exposures to

pesticide residues during and after the restricted-entry interval, including

responsibilities related to worker notification, training of workers or early-

entry workers, providing decontamination supplies, providing pesticide

safety information and pesticide application and hazard information, use

and care of personal protective equipment, providing emergency

assistance, and heat stress management.

(4) Other pesticide-related activities, including, but not limited to,

transporting or storing pesticides that have been opened, cleaning

equipment, and disposing of excess pesticides, spray mix, equipment

wash waters, pesticide containers, and other pesticide-containing

materials.

Worker means any person, including a self-employed person, who is employed

and performs activities directly relating to the production of agricultural plants

on an agricultural establishment.

Note: Oregon statutes define workers (employees) more generally to include any individual,

including a minor, whether lawfully or unlawfully employed, who engages to furnish services

for remuneration, financial or otherwise, subject to the direction and control of an employer.

Worker housing area means any place or area of land on or near an agricultural

establishment where housing or space for housing is provided for workers or

handlers by an agricultural employer, owner, labor contractor, or any other

person responsible for the recruitment or employment of agricultural workers.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.309 Agricultural employer duties

Agricultural employers must:

(a) Ensure that any pesticide is used in a manner consistent with the pesticide

product labeling, including the requirements of this part, when applied on the

agricultural establishment.

(b) Ensure that each worker and handler subject to this part receives the

protections required by this part.

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(d) Provide to each person, including labor contractors, who supervises any

workers or handlers information and directions sufficient to ensure that each

worker and handler receives the protections required by this part. Such

information and directions must specify the tasks for which the supervisor is

responsible in order to comply with the provisions of this part.

(e) Require each person, including labor contractors, who supervises any workers

or handlers to provide sufficient information and directions to each worker

and handler to ensure that they can comply with the provisions of this part.

(f) Provide emergency assistance in accordance with this paragraph. If there is

reason to believe that a worker or handler has experienced a potential

pesticide exposure during his or her employment on the agricultural

establishment or shows symptoms similar to those associated with acute

exposure to pesticides during or within 72 hours after his or her employment

on the agricultural establishment, and needs emergency medical treatment,

the agricultural employer must do all of the following promptly after learning

of the possible poisoning or injury:

(1) Make available to that person transportation from the agricultural

establishment, including any worker housing area on the establishment, to

an operating medical care facility capable of providing emergency medical

treatment to a person exposed to pesticides.

(2) Provide all of the following information to the treating medical personnel:

(i) Copies of the applicable safety data sheet(s) and the product name(s),

EPA registration number(s) and active ingredient(s) for each pesticide

product to which the person may have been exposed.

(ii) The circumstances of application or use of the pesticide on the

agricultural establishment.

(iii) The circumstances that could have resulted in exposure to the

pesticide.

(g) Ensure that workers or other persons employed by the agricultural

establishment do not clean, repair, or adjust pesticide application equipment,

unless trained as a handler under Sec. 170.501. Before allowing any person

not directly employed by the agricultural establishment to clean, repair, or

adjust equipment that has been used to mix, load, transfer, or apply

pesticides, the agricultural employer must provide all of the following

information to such person:

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(1) Pesticide application equipment may be contaminated with pesticides.

(2) The potentially harmful effects of exposure to pesticides.

(3) Procedures for handling pesticide application equipment and for limiting

exposure to pesticide residues.

(4) Personal hygiene practices and decontamination procedures for preventing

pesticide exposures and removing pesticide residues.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt Sec. 170.501(c)(2) or (3). OAR 437-004-6501 applies instead.

(h) Display, maintain, and provide access to pesticide safety information and

pesticide application and hazard information in accordance with Sec. 170.311

if workers or handlers are on the establishment and within the last 30 days a

pesticide product has been used or a restricted-entry interval for such

pesticide has been in effect on the establishment.

(i) Ensure that before a handler uses any equipment for mixing, loading,

transferring, or applying pesticides, the handler is instructed in the safe

operation of such equipment.

(j) Ensure that before each day of use, equipment used for mixing, loading,

transferring, or applying pesticides is inspected for leaks, clogging, and worn

or damaged parts, and any damaged equipment is repaired or replaced.

(k) Ensure that whenever handlers employed by a commercial pesticide handling

establishment will be on an agricultural establishment, the handler employer

is provided information about, or is aware of, the specific location and

description of any treated areas on the agricultural establishment where a

restricted-entry interval is in effect that the handler may be in (or may walk

within 1/4 mile of), and any restrictions on entering those areas.

(l) Ensure that workers do not enter any area on the agricultural establishment

where a pesticide has been applied until the applicable pesticide application

and hazard information for each pesticide product applied to that area is

displayed in accordance with Sec. 170.311(b), and until after the restricted-

entry interval has expired and all treated area warning signs have been

removed or covered, except for entry permitted by Sec. 170.603 of this part.

(m) Provide any records or other information required by this part for inspection

and copying upon request by an employee of EPA or any duly authorized

representative of a Federal, State or Tribal government agency responsible for

pesticide enforcement.

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Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.311 Display requirements for pesticide safety information and

pesticide application and hazard information

(a) Display of Pesticide Safety Information. Whenever pesticide safety

information and pesticide application and hazard information are required to

be provided under Sec. 170.309(h), pesticide safety information must be

displayed in accordance with this paragraph.

(1) General. The pesticide safety information must be conveyed in a manner

that workers and handlers can understand.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.311(a)(2)(i)-(ix). The pesticide safety information

required to be posted prior to January 1, 2017 is described in Sections 170.135 and 170.235

of the Worker Protection Standard.

(3) Content after January 1, 2018. After January 1, 2018, the pesticide safety

information must include all of the points in Sec. 170.311(a)(3)(i)-(x)

instead of the points listed in Sec. 170.311(a)(2)(i)-(ix).

(i) Avoid getting on the skin or into the body any pesticides that may be

on or in plants, soil, irrigation water, tractors, and other equipment, on

used personal protective equipment, or drifting from nearby

applications.

(ii) Wash before eating, drinking, using chewing gum or tobacco, or using

the toilet.

(iii) Wear work clothing that protects the body from pesticide residues

(long-sleeved shirts, long pants, shoes and socks, and a hat or scarf).

(iv) Wash or shower with soap and water, shampoo hair, and put on clean

clothes after work.

(v) Wash work clothes separately from other clothes before wearing them

again.

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(vi) If pesticides are spilled or sprayed on the body use decontamination

supplies to wash immediately, or rinse off in the nearest clean water,

including springs, streams, lakes or other sources if more readily

available than decontamination supplies, and as soon as possible, wash

or shower with soap and water, shampoo hair, and change into clean

clothes.

(vii) Follow directions about keeping out of treated areas and application

exclusion zones.

(viii) Instructions to employees to seek medical attention as soon as

possible if they believe they have been poisoned, injured or made ill by

pesticides.

(ix) The name, address, and telephone number of a nearby operating

medical care facility capable of providing emergency medical

treatment. This information must be clearly identified as emergency

medical contact information on the display.

(x) The name, address and telephone number of the State or Tribal

pesticide regulatory agency.

(4) Changes to pesticide safety information. The agricultural employer must

update the pesticide safety information display within 24 hours of notice of

any changes to the information required in Sec. 170.311(a)(2)(viii) or

170.311(a)(3)(ix).

Note: The required safety information referred to in (4) is the name, address, and telephone

number of the facility identified as emergency medical contact.

(5) Location. The pesticide safety information must be displayed at each of

the following sites on the agricultural establishment:

(i) The site selected pursuant to Sec. 170.311(b)(2) for display of

pesticide application and hazard information.

(ii) Anywhere that decontamination supplies must be provided on the

agricultural establishment pursuant to Sec. Sec. 170.411, 170.509 or

170.605, but only when the decontamination supplies are located at

permanent sites or being provided at locations and in quantities to

meet the requirements for 11 or more workers or handlers.

(6) Accessibility. When pesticide safety information is required to be

displayed, workers and handlers must be allowed access to the pesticide

safety information at all times during normal work hours.

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(7) Legibility. The pesticide safety information must remain legible at all times

when the information is required to be displayed.

(b) Keeping and displaying pesticide application and hazard information.

Whenever pesticide safety information and pesticide application and hazard

information is required to be provided under Sec. 170.309(h), pesticide

application and hazard information for any pesticides that are used on the

agricultural establishment must be displayed, retained, and made accessible

in accordance with this paragraph.

Note: The full requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard apply in Oregon. For

employers subject to the Division 4 rules, Division 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9800 applies. For employers

subject to the Division 2 and/or the Division 7 rules, Division 2/Z, 1910.1200 applies.

(1) Content. The pesticide application and hazard information must include all

of the following information for each pesticide product applied:

(i) A copy of the safety data sheet.

(ii) The name, EPA registration number, and active ingredient(s) of the

pesticide product.

(iii) The crop or site treated and the location and description of the treated

area.

(iv) The date(s) and times the application started and ended.

(v) The duration of the applicable labeling-specified restricted-entry

interval for that application.

(2) Location. The pesticide application and hazard information must be

displayed at a place on the agricultural establishment where workers and

handlers are likely to pass by or congregate and where it can be readily

seen and read.

(3) Accessibility. When the pesticide application and hazard information is

required to be displayed, workers and handlers must be allowed access to

the location of the information at all times during normal work hours.

(4) Legibility. The pesticide application and hazard information must remain

legible at all times when the information is required to be displayed.

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(5) Timing. The pesticide application and hazard information for each

pesticide product applied must be displayed no later than 24 hours after

the end of the application of the pesticide. The pesticide application and

hazard information must be displayed continuously from the beginning of

the display period until at least 30 days after the end of the last applicable

restricted-entry interval, or until workers or handlers are no longer on the

establishment, whichever is earlier.

(6) Record retention. Whenever pesticide safety information and pesticide

application and hazard information is required to be displayed in

accordance with this paragraph (b), the agricultural employer must retain

the pesticide application and hazard information described in Sec.

170.311(b)(1) on the agricultural establishment for two years after the

date of expiration of the restricted-entry interval applicable to the

pesticide application conducted.

Note: The full requirements of 1910.1020, Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records

apply in Oregon.

(7) Access to pesticide application and hazard information by a worker or

handler.

(i) If a person is or was employed as a worker or handler by an

establishment during the period that particular pesticide application

and hazard information was required to be displayed and retained for

two years in accordance with Sec. 170.311(b)(5) and 170.311(b)(6),

and the person requests a copy of such application and/or hazard

information, or requests access to such application and/or hazard

information after it is no longer required to be displayed, the

agricultural employer must provide the worker or handler with a copy

of or access to all of the requested information within 15 days of the

receipt of any such request. The worker or handler may make the

request orally or in writing.

(ii) Whenever a record has been previously provided without cost to a

worker or handler or their designated representative, the agricultural

employer may charge reasonable, non-discriminatory administrative

costs (i.e., search and copying expenses but not including overhead

expenses) for a request by the worker or handler for additional copies

of the record.

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(8) Access to pesticide application and hazard information by treating medical

personnel. Any treating medical personnel, or any person acting under the

supervision of treating medical personnel, may request, orally or in

writing, access to or a copy of any information required to be retained for

two years by Sec. 170.311(b)(6) in order to inform diagnosis or treatment

of a worker or handler who was employed on the establishment during the

period that the information was required to be displayed. The agricultural

employer must promptly provide a copy of or access to all of the

requested information applicable to the worker's or handler's time of

employment on the establishment after receipt of the request.

(9) Access to pesticide application and hazard information by a designated

representative.

(i) Any worker's or handler's designated representative may request

access to or a copy of any information required to be retained for two

years by Sec. 170.311(b)(6) on behalf of a worker or handler

employed on the establishment during the period that the information

was required to be displayed. The agricultural employer must provide

access to or a copy of the requested information applicable to the

worker's or handler's time of employment on the establishment within

15 days after receiving any such request, provided the request meets

the requirements specified in Sec. 170.311(b)(9)(ii).

(ii) A request by a designated representative for access to or a copy of any

pesticide application and/or hazard information must be in writing and

must contain all of the following:

(A) The name of the worker or handler being represented.

(B) A description of the specific information being requested. The

description should include the dates of employment of the worker

or handler, the date or dates for which the records are requested,

type of work conducted by the worker or handler (e.g., planting,

harvesting, applying pesticides, mixing or loading pesticides) during

the period for which the records are requested, and the specific

application and/or hazard information requested.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.311 (b)(9)(ii)(C) W - 19 170.313 (c)

request pesticide application and hazard information on the

worker's or handler's behalf, bearing the worker's or handler's

printed name and signature, the date of the designation, and the

printed name and contact information for the designated

representative.

(D) If the worker or handler requests that the pesticide application

and/or the hazard information be sent, direction for where to send

the information (e.g., mailing address or email address).

(iii) If the written request from a designated representative contains all of

the necessary information specified in Sec. 170.313(b)(9)(ii), the

employer must provide a copy of or access to all of the requested

information applicable to the worker's or handler's time of employment

on the establishment to the designated representative within 15 days

of receiving the request.

(iv) Whenever a record has been previously provided without cost to a

worker or handler or their designated representative, the agricultural

employer may charge reasonable, non-discriminatory administrative

costs (i.e., search and copying expenses but not including overhead

expenses) for a request by the designated representative for additional

copies of the record.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.313 Commercial pesticide handler employer duties

Commercial pesticide handler employers must:

(a) Ensure that any pesticide is used in a manner consistent with the pesticide

product labeling, including the requirements of this part, when applied on an

agricultural establishment by a handler employed by the commercial pesticide

handling establishment.

(b) Ensure each handler employed by the commercial pesticide handling

establishment and subject to this part receives the protections required by

this part.

establishment is at least 18 years old.

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(d) Provide to each person, including labor contractors, who supervises any

handlers employed by the commercial pesticide handling establishment,

information and directions sufficient to ensure that each handler receives the

protections required by this part. Such information and directions must

specify the tasks for which the supervisor is responsible in order to comply

with the provisions of this part.

(e) Require each person, including labor contractors, who supervises any

handlers employed by the commercial pesticide handling establishment, to

provide sufficient information and directions to each handler to ensure that

the handler can comply with the provisions of this part.

(f) Ensure that before any handler employed by the commercial pesticide

handling establishment uses any equipment for mixing, loading, transferring,

or applying pesticides, the handler is instructed in the safe operation of such

equipment.

(g) Ensure that, before each day of use, equipment used by their employees for

mixing, loading, transferring, or applying pesticides is inspected for leaks,

obstructions, and worn or damaged parts, and any damaged equipment is

repaired or is replaced.

(h) Ensure that whenever a handler who is employed by a commercial pesticide

handling establishment will be on an agricultural establishment, the handler is

provided information about, or is aware of, the specific location and

description of any treated areas where a restricted-entry interval is in effect,

and the restrictions on entering those areas.

(i) Provide the agricultural employer all of the following information before the

application of any pesticide on an agricultural establishment:

(1) Specific location(s) and description of the area(s) to be treated.

(2) The date(s) and start and estimated end times of application.

(3) Product name, EPA registration number, and active ingredient(s).

(4) The labeling-specified restricted-entry interval applicable for the

application.

(5) Whether posting, oral notification or both are required under Sec.

170.409.

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(6) Any restrictions or use directions on the pesticide product labeling that

must be followed for protection of workers, handlers, or other persons

during or after application.

(j) If there are any changes to the information provided in Sec. 170.313(i)(1),

Sec. 170.313(i)(4), Sec. 170.313(i)(5), Sec. 170.313(i)(6) or if the start time

for the application will be earlier than originally forecasted or scheduled,

ensure that the agricultural employer is provided updated information prior to

the application. If there are any changes to any other information provided

pursuant to Sec. 170.313(i), the commercial pesticide handler employer must

provide updated information to the agricultural employer within two hours

after completing the application. Changes to the estimated application end

time of less than one hour need not be reported to the agricultural employer.

(k) Provide emergency assistance in accordance with this paragraph. If there is

reason to believe that a handler employed by the commercial pesticide

handling establishment has experienced a potential pesticide exposure during

his or her employment by the commercial pesticide handling establishment or

shows symptoms similar to those associated with acute exposure to pesticides

during or within 72 hours after his or her employment by the commercial

pesticide handling establishment, and needs emergency medical treatment,

the commercial pesticide handler employer must do all of the following

promptly after learning of the possible poisoning or injury:

(1) Make available to that person transportation from the commercial

pesticide handling establishment, or any agricultural establishment on

which that handler may be working on behalf of the commercial pesticide

handling establishment, to an operating medical care facility capable of

providing emergency medical treatment to a person exposed to pesticides.

(2) Provide all of the following information to the treating medical personnel:

(i) Copies of the applicable safety data sheet(s) and the product name(s),

EPA registration number(s) and active ingredient(s) for each pesticide

product to which the person may have been exposed.

(ii) The circumstances of application or use of the pesticide.

(iii) The circumstances that could have resulted in exposure to the

pesticide.

Worker Protection Standard

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(l) Ensure that persons directly employed by the commercial pesticide handling

establishment do not clean, repair, or adjust pesticide application equipment,

unless trained as a handler under Sec. 170.501. Before allowing any person

not directly employed by the commercial pesticide handling establishment to

clean, repair, or adjust equipment that has been used to mix, load, transfer,

or apply pesticides, the commercial pesticide handler employer must provide

all of the following information to such persons:

(1) Notice that the pesticide application equipment may be contaminated with

pesticides.

(2) The potentially harmful effects of exposure to pesticides.

(3) Procedures for handling pesticide application equipment and for limiting

exposure to pesticide residues.

(4) Personal hygiene practices and decontamination procedures for preventing

pesticide exposures and removing pesticide residues.

(m) Provide any records or other information required by this part for inspection

and copying upon request by an employee of EPA or any duly authorized

representative of a Federal, State or Tribal government agency responsible for

pesticide enforcement.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.315 Prohibited actions

No agricultural employer, commercial pesticide handler employer, or other person

involved in the use of a pesticide to which this part applies, shall intimidate,

threaten, coerce, or discriminate against any worker or handler for complying

with or attempting to comply with this part, or because the worker or handler

provided, caused to be provided or is about to provide information to the

employer or the EPA or any duly authorized representative of a Federal, State or

Tribal government regarding conduct that the worker or handler reasonably

believes violates this part, has made a complaint, testified, assisted, or

participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or hearing concerning

compliance with this part, or has objected to, or refused to participate in, any

activity, policy, practice, or assigned task that the worker or handler reasonably

believed to be in violation of this part. Any such intimidation, threat, coercion, or

discrimination violates FIFRA section 12(a)(2)(G), 7 U.S.C. 136(a)(2)(G).

Worker Protection Standard

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Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.317 Violations of this part. In Oregon, violations of any

Oregon OSHA standards including the Worker Protection Standard will be subject to Oregon OSHA

penalties as established in OAR Chapter 437, Division 1, General Administrative Rules, under the

provisions of the Oregon Safe Employment Act.

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170.401 W - 25 170.401 (c)(1)

Subpart E--Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Workers

170.401 Training requirements for workers

(a) General requirement. Before any worker performs any task in a treated area

on an agricultural establishment where within the last 30 days a pesticide

product has been used or a restricted-entry interval for such pesticide has

been in effect, the agricultural employer must ensure that each worker has

been trained in accordance with this section within the last 12 months, except

as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.

(b) Exceptions. The following workers need not be trained under this section:

(1) A worker who is currently certified as an applicator of restricted use

pesticides under part 171 of this chapter.

Note: Part 171 of Chapter 40 CFR is about the certification of pesticide applicators; in Oregon, it

is administered by the Oregon Department of Agriculture.

(2) A worker who has satisfied the handler training requirements in Sec.

170.501.

(3) A worker who is certified or licensed as a crop advisor by a program

acknowledged as appropriate in writing by EPA or the State or Tribal

agency responsible for pesticide enforcement, provided that such

certification or licensing requires pesticide safety training that includes all

the topics in Sec. 170.501(c)(2) or Sec. 170.501(c)(3) as applicable

depending on the date of training.

(1) Pesticide safety training must be presented to workers either orally from

written materials or audio-visually, at a location that is reasonably free

from distraction and conducive to training. All training materials must be

EPA-approved. The training must be presented in a manner that the

workers can understand, such as through a translator. The training must

be conducted by a person who meets the worker trainer requirements of

paragraph (c)(4) of this section, and who must be present during the

entire training program and must respond to workers' questions.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt Sec. 170.401(c)(2) or (3). OAR 437-004-6401 applies instead.

Workers using an exception to the training requirements for crop advisors – as described in

170.401(b)(3) of the Worker Protection Standard – must demonstrate that the program included

all the topics listed in OAR 437-004-6501.

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437-004-6401 Effective dates for worker training programs in Oregon

Beginning on January 1, 2018, training programs for workers must include, at a

minimum, all of the following topics:

(1) The responsibility of agricultural employers to provide workers and handlers

with information and protections designed to reduce work-related pesticide

exposures and illnesses. This includes ensuring workers and handlers have

been trained on pesticide safety, providing pesticide safety and application

and hazard information, decontamination supplies and emergency medical

assistance, and notifying workers of restrictions during applications and on

entering pesticide treated areas. A worker or handler may designate in writing

a representative to request access to pesticide application and hazard

information.

(2) How to recognize and understand the meaning of the posted warning signs

used for notifying workers of restrictions on entering pesticide treated areas

on the establishment.

(3) How to follow directions and/or signs about keeping out of pesticide treated

areas subject to a restricted-entry interval and application exclusion zones.

(4) Where and in what forms pesticides may be encountered during work

activities, and potential sources of pesticide exposure on the agricultural

establishment. This includes exposure to pesticide residues that may be on or

in plants, soil, tractors, application and chemigation equipment, or used

personal protective equipment, and that pesticides may drift through the air

from nearby applications or be in irrigation water.

(5) Potential hazards from toxicity and exposure that pesticides present to

workers and their families, including acute and chronic effects, delayed

effects, and sensitization.

(6) Routes through which pesticides can enter the body.

(7) Signs and symptoms of common types of pesticide poisoning.

(8) Emergency first aid for pesticide injuries or poisonings.

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(9) Routine and emergency decontamination procedures, including emergency

eye flushing techniques, and if pesticides are spilled or sprayed on the body to

use decontamination supplies to wash immediately or rinse off in the nearest

clean water, including springs, streams, lakes or other sources if more readily

available than decontamination supplies, and as soon as possible, to wash or

shower with soap and water, shampoo hair, and change into clean clothes.

(10) How and when to obtain emergency medical care.

(11) Instructions to wear work clothing that protects the body from pesticide

residues and wash hands before eating, drinking, using chewing gum or

tobacco, or using the toilet, when working in pesticide treated areas.

(12) Instructions to wash or shower with soap and water, shampoo hair, and

change into clean clothes as soon as possible after working in pesticide

treated areas.

(13) Information about the potential hazards from pesticide residues on clothing.

(14) Wash work clothes before wearing them again and wash them separately

from other clothes.

(15) Do not take pesticides or pesticide containers used at work to your home.

(16) Safety data sheets provide hazard, emergency medical treatment and other

information about the pesticides used on the establishment they may come in

contact with. The responsibility of agricultural employers to do all of the

following:

(a) Display safety data sheets for all pesticides used on the establishment.

(b) Provide workers and handlers information about the location of the safety

data sheets on the establishment.

during normal work hours.

(17) The rule prohibits agricultural employers from allowing or directing any

worker to mix, load or apply pesticides or assist in the application of

pesticides unless the worker has been trained as a handler.

(18) The responsibility of agricultural employers to provide specific information to

workers before directing them to perform early-entry activities. Workers must

be 18 years old to perform early-entry activities.

(19) Potential hazards to children and pregnant women from pesticide exposure.

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(20) Instructions to keep children and nonworking family members away from

pesticide treated areas.

(21) Instructions to remove work boots or shoes before entering your home, and

remove work clothes and wash or shower before physical contact with

children or family members, after working in pesticide treated areas.

(22) How to report suspected pesticide use violations to the State or Tribal

agency responsible for pesticide enforcement.

(23) The rule prohibits agricultural employers from intimidating, threatening,

coercing, or discriminating against any worker or handler for complying with

or attempting to comply with the requirements of this rule, or because the

worker or handler provided, caused to be provided or is about to provide

information to the employer, or the EPA or its agents, or to Oregon OSHA

regarding conduct that the employee reasonably believes violates these rules,

and/or made a complaint, testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in

an investigation, proceeding, or hearing concerning compliance with these

rules.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.401 (c) Training Programs

(4) The person who conducts the training must meet one of the following

criteria:

(i) Be designated as a trainer of certified applicators, handlers or workers

by EPA or the State or Tribal agency responsible for pesticide

enforcement.

(ii) Have completed an EPA-approved pesticide safety train-the-trainer

program for trainers of workers.

(iii) Be currently certified as an applicator of restricted use pesticides

under part 171 of this chapter.

Note: Part 171 of Chapter 40 CFR is about the certification of pesticide applicators; in Oregon, it

is administered by the Oregon Department of Agriculture.

(d) Recordkeeping

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170.401 (d)(1) W - 29 170.403 (c)

(1) For each worker required to be trained under paragraph (a), the

agricultural employer must maintain on the agricultural establishment, for

two years from the date of the training, a record documenting each

worker's training including all of the following:

(i) The trained worker's printed name and signature.

(ii) The date of the training.

(iii) Information identifying which EPA-approved training materials were

used.

(iv) The trainer's name and documentation showing that the trainer met

the requirements of Sec. 170.401(c)(4) at the time of training.

(v) The agricultural employer's name.

(2) An agricultural employer who provides, directly or indirectly, training

required under paragraph (a) must provide to the worker upon request a

copy of the record of the training that contains the information required

under Sec. 170.401(d)(1).

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.403 Establishment-specific information for workers

Before any worker performs any activity in a treated area on an agricultural

establishment where within the last 30 days a pesticide product has been used,

or a restricted-entry interval for such pesticide has been in effect, the agricultural

employer must ensure that the worker has been informed of, in a manner the

worker can understand, all of the following establishment-specific information:

(a) The location of pesticide safety information required by Sec. 170.311(a).

(b) The location of pesticide application and hazard information required by Sec.

170.311(b).

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Worker Protection Standard

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170.405 W - 30 437-004-6405 (3)(a)(B)

170.405 Entry restrictions associated with pesticide applications

Note: Oregon OSHA has declined to adopt 40 CFR 170.405(a). In Oregon OAR 437-004-6405

applies.

437-004-6405 Restrictions associated with outdoor production pesticide

applications

This rule applies in Oregon where workers or other people are adjacent to

pesticides being applied in outdoor production areas that are within the

boundaries of the establishment. This rule becomes effective January 1, 2019.

Note: Nothing in these rules affects separate statutory or regulatory requirements such as the

buffer zone requirement related to aerial herbicide applications in forestry operations (ORS

527.672).

(1) Treated area: The area to which a pesticide is being directed and/or

deposited during an application. After the application is complete, the treated

area is subject to the labeling-specified restricted-entry interval (REI) and the

post-application entry restrictions specified in Sec. 170.407 of the Worker

Protection Standard (WPS).

(2) Enclosed agricultural structure: a fully-enclosed space (has walls, ceilings,

and floors that minimize the entry of outside air when doors, windows, and

mechanical air intakes are closed) with an interior area that shelters

occupants from dermal exposure to pesticide spray drift.

(3) Application Exclusion Zone (AEZ): The AEZ is an area that moves with and

exists in relationship to the application equipment. The number of feet shown

is the horizontal radius of the area surrounding the application equipment

during the application process and may extend beyond the treated area. It

extends downward from that horizontal plane to the ground. Pesticide labels

that have more stringent restrictions regarding distances must be followed.

The agricultural employer must implement the AEZ as follows:

(a) Workers and labor housing occupants must evacuate the AEZ, which shall

extend 150 feet from the application equipment and last until 15 minutes

after the application equipment passes, when the label requires the

handler to use respiratory protection during application and one of the

following applies:

(A) The application is by air blast sprayer;

(B) The pesticide is applied aerially;

Worker Protection Standard

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437-004-6405 (3)(a)(C) W - 31 437-004-6405 (4)

(b) Workers and labor housing occupants must either remain in an enclosed

agricultural structure or evacuate the AEZ, which shall extend 100 feet

from the application equipment and last until 15 minutes after the

application equipment passes, when the label does not require the handler

to use respiratory protection during application and one of the following

applies:

(A) The application is by air blast sprayer;

(B) The pesticide is applied aerially;

Note: Workers not on paid status or labor housing occupants must be permitted to

evacuate even if the employer otherwise chooses to allow them to remain in an enclosed

agricultural structure.

agricultural structure or evacuate the AEZ, which shall extend 25 feet from

the application equipment when all of the following apply:

(A) The application is not by air blast sprayer;

(B) The pesticide is not applied aerially;

planting medium;

(D) The spray quality is medium or larger;

(d) No AEZ applies for appropriately trained and equipped handlers involved

in the application.

Note: No AEZ is required for applications not covered by the above. Examples include

applications of granular, soil incorporated (other than fumigants) pre-plant, dipping

cuttings, and at-plant pesticide applications as long as they are applied from a distance of

less than 12 inches from the planting medium and use a spray quality of medium or

larger.

See Figure 1 - Worker Protection Standard, Application Exclusion Zone Decision Matrix.

(4) The agricultural employer must ensure that prior to pesticide applications,

any enclosed agricultural structures (labor housing or work-related structures)

that are located within the AEZ and that are used at any time by employees

and other occupants must have all of the following:

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437-004-6405 (4)(a) W - 32 437-004-6405 (6)(b)

(a) All doors and windows closed;

(b) Any air in-take devices or mechanisms turned off;

located in an enclosed agricultural structure from potential contamination;

(d) A closeable storage area for shoes/boots to prevent tracking of pesticide

into the structures where people live or reside.

(5) Employers must provide the following information in a manner that is easy to

understand and effectively conveys the information needed prior to the

pesticide application, to occupants of an enclosed agricultural structure in the

AEZ:

(a) Instructions on closing windows and doors to minimize exposure to

outside air regardless of whether they are staying inside the enclosed

agricultural structure or evacuating during nearby pesticide applications.

(b) Instructions on how to close potential air-intakes and any other measures

to minimize exposure to outside air during nearby pesticide applications.

structures and how to determine when the application equipment is in

range.

(d) Instructions as to whether people can, as appropriate, evacuate or stay in

an enclosed agricultural structure, how to maintain protective measures,

and how long they must remain outside the AEZ.

e) Instructions on how to protect personal or household items in the AEZ from

potential contamination.

(f) Instructions on how to report pesticide residue or deposit on enclosed

agricultural structures, personal, or household items in AEZ.

(6) Employers must provide information and ensure that all adult occupants of

agriculture labor housing within the AEZ have access to:

(a) An information station located in close proximity to agriculture labor

housing that contains information on pending applications, with a means

of alerting occupants to changing information.

(b) Information on how to prevent and reduce pesticide exposure.

Worker Protection Standard

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437-004-6405 (6)(c) W - 33 437-004-6405 (7)

by Sec. 170.311(a)

(7) If anyone other than a trained and protected handler exits an enclosed

agricultural structure and enters the AEZ the handler must suspend the

pesticide application as per Sec. 170.505(b).

Figure 1 - Worker Protection Standard, Application Exclusion Zone Decision Matrix

*Spray quality: (as defined by the American Society of Agricultural and

Biological Engineers Standard S-572.1) considers several factors including the

nozzle design, system pressure, and speed of the application equipment. The

eight spray quality categories are referenced in nozzle charts:

Smaller than medium (droplet spectrum with volume median

diameter of less than 294 microns+):

Extra fine (XF)

Very fine (VF)

Fine (F)

Worker Protection Standard

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437-004-6405 (7) W - 34 437-004-6406 (2)

Medium or larger (droplet spectrum with volume median diameter of

294 microns+ or more):

Medium (M)

Coarse (C)

Very coarse (VC)

Extra coarse (XC)

Ultra coarse (UC)

+Micron = (um) =micrometer: Standard unit of measure for particulate matter.

1 um is 1/1000th of a millimeter.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 2-2018, f. 06/29/18, ef. 01/01/19.

437-004-6406 Pesticide spray drift and innovative methods

(1) In the event that drift makes contact with labor housing areas or other

structures used by employees, including enclosed agricultural structures

within an AEZ, the employer must ensure that it is properly cleaned up with a

minimum of employee or housing occupant exposure.

Note: Identifying and addressing any issues resulting from the spray application are the

responsibility of the employer; any employees assigned these duties must have training

appropriate to the job expectations.

(2) To encourage innovation, including the use of EPA’s Drift Reduction

Technology and other methods that the employer can demonstrate reduce the

potential for spray drift, Oregon OSHA may grant approval for an AEZ that

differs from the rule requirements yet meets the intent of these rules through

the variance process described in OAR 437-001-0400.

Note: Examples of possible innovations include:

•

Advanced application practices for handlers in the prevention of spray drift (which may

include using only one side of the application equipment) and the use of the

Environmental Protection Agency’s Drift Reduction Technologies

•

Two applicators, one monitoring conditions and remaining in contact with applicator of

the treated area

•

Safer chemicals and chemistries

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 2-2018, f. 06/29/18, ef. 01/01/19.

Worker Protection Standard

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170.405 (b) W - 35 170.405 (b)(4)

170.405 (b) Enclosed space production pesticide applications.

(1) During any enclosed space production pesticide application described in

column A of the Table under paragraph (b)(4) of this section, the

agricultural employer must not allow or direct any worker or other person,

other than an appropriately trained and equipped handler involved in the

application, to enter or to remain in the area specified in column B of the

Table under paragraph (b)(4) of this section during the application and

until the time specified in column C of the Table under paragraph (b)(4) of

this section has expired.

(2) After the time specified in column C of the Table under paragraph (b)(4)

of this section has expired, the area subject to the labeling-specified

restricted-entry interval and the post-application entry restrictions

specified in Sec. 170.407 is the area specified in column D of the Table

under paragraph (b)(4) of this section.

(3) When column C of the Table under paragraph (b)(4) of this section

specifies that ventilation criteria must be met, ventilation must continue

until the air concentration is measured to be equal to or less than the

inhalation exposure level required by the labeling. If no inhalation

exposure level is listed on the labeling, ventilation must continue until

after one of the following conditions is met:

(i) Ten air exchanges are completed.

(ii) Two hours of ventilation using fans or other mechanical ventilating

systems.

(iii) Four hours of ventilation using vents, windows, or other passive

ventilation.

(iv) Eleven hours with no ventilation followed by one hour of mechanical

ventilation.

(v) Eleven hours with no ventilation followed by two hours of passive

ventilation.

(vi) Twenty-four hours with no ventilation.

(4) The following Table applies to 170.405 paragraphs (b)(1), (2), and (3):

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.405 (b)(4) W - 36 170.405 (b)(4)

Table 1 – Entry Restrictions During Enclosed Space Production Pesticide Applications

A. When a pesticide is

applied:

B. Workers and other

persons, other than

appropriately trained

and equipped

handlers, are

prohibited in:

C. Until:

D. After the

expiration of time

specified in column C,

the area subject to

the restricted-entry

interval is:

(1) As a fumigant.

Entire enclosed space

plus any adjacent

structure or area that

cannot be sealed off

from the treated

area.

The ventilation

criteria of

170.405 (b)(3)

are met

No post-application

entry restrictions

required by §

170.407 after criteria

in column C are met.

(2) As a

(i) Smoke, or

(ii) Mist, or

(iii) Fog, or

(iv) As a spray using a spray

quality (droplet spectrum) of

smaller than medium

(volume median diameter of

less than 294 microns).

Entire enclosed

space.

The ventilation

criteria of

170.405 (b)(3)

are met.

Entire enclosed

space.

(3) Not as in (1) or (2), and

for which a respiratory

protection device is required

for application by the

pesticide product labeling.

Treated area plus

25 feet in all

directions of the

treated area, but not

outside the enclosed

space.

The ventilation

criteria of

170.405 (b)(3)

are met.

Treated area.

(4) Not as in (1), (2) or (3),

and:

(i) From a height of greater

than 12 inches from the

planting medium, or

(ii) As a spray using a spray

quality (droplet spectrum) of

medium or larger (volume

median diameter of 294

microns or greater).

Treated area plus

25 feet in all

directions of the

treated area,

but not outside the

enclosed space.

Application is

complete.

Treated area.

(5) Otherwise.

Treated area.

Application is

complete.

Treated area.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.407 W - 37 170.409 (a)(1)(i)

170.407 Worker entry restrictions after pesticide applications

(a) After the application of any pesticide to an area of outdoor production, the

agricultural employer must not allow or direct any worker to enter or to

remain in the treated area before the restricted-entry interval specified on the

pesticide product labeling has expired and all treated area warning signs have

been removed or covered, except for early-entry activities permitted by Sec.

170.603.

(b) After the application of any pesticide to an area of enclosed space production,

the agricultural employer must not allow or direct any worker to enter or to

remain in the areas specified in column D of the Table in Sec. 170.405(b)(4),

before the restricted-entry interval specified on the pesticide product labeling

has expired and all treated area warning signs have been removed or

covered, except for early-entry activities permitted by Sec. 170.603.

the applicable restricted-entry interval is the longest of all applicable

restricted-entry intervals.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.409 Oral and posted notification of worker entry restrictions

(a) General Requirement. The agricultural employer must notify workers of all

entry restrictions required by Sec. 170.405 and 170.407 in accordance with

this section.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.405(a) Outdoor production pesticide applications. OAR

437-004-6405, when adopted, will apply instead.

(1) Type of notification required.

(i) Double notification. If the pesticide product labeling has a statement

requiring both the posting of treated areas and oral notification to

workers, the agricultural employer must post signs in accordance with

paragraph (b) of this section and must also provide oral notification of

the application to workers in accordance with paragraph (c) of this

section.

Worker Protection Standard

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170.409 (a)(1)(ii) W - 38 170.409 (a)(2)(ii)

(ii) Outdoor production areas subject to restricted-entry intervals greater

than 48 hours. If a pesticide with product labeling that requires a

restricted-entry interval greater than 48 hours is applied to an outdoor

production area, the agricultural employer must notify workers of the

application by posting warning signs in accordance with paragraph (b)

of this section.

(iii) Outdoor production areas subject to restricted-entry intervals equal to

or less than 48 hours. If a pesticide with product labeling that requires

a restricted-entry interval equal to or less than 48 hours is applied to

an outdoor production area, the agricultural employer must notify

workers of the application either by posting warning signs in

accordance with paragraph (b) of this section or by providing workers

with an oral warning in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(iv) Enclosed space production areas subject to restricted-entry intervals

greater than four hours. If a pesticide with product labeling that

requires a restricted-entry interval greater than four hours is applied to

an enclosed space production area, the agricultural employer must

notify workers of the application by posting warning signs in

accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.

(v) Enclosed space production areas subject to restricted-entry intervals

equal to or less than four hours. If a pesticide with product labeling

that requires a restricted-entry interval equal to or less than four hours

is applied to an enclosed space production area, the agricultural

employer must notify workers of the application either by posting

warning signs in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section or by

providing workers with an oral warning in accordance with paragraph

(2) Exceptions. Notification does not need to be given to a worker if the

agricultural employer can ensure that one of the following is met:

(i) From the start of the application in an enclosed space production area

until the end of any restricted-entry interval, the worker will not enter

any part of the entire enclosed structure or space.

(ii) From the start of the application to an outdoor production area until

the end of any restricted-entry interval, the worker will not enter, work

in, remain in, or pass on foot through the treated area or any area

within 1/4-mile of the treated area on the agricultural establishment.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.409 (a)(2)(iii) W - 39 170.409 (b)(2)

(iii) The worker was involved in the application of the pesticide as a

handler, and is aware of all information required by paragraph (c)(1) of

this section.

Note: Workers must be notified if they will be working in or passing through unprotected

areas within 1/4-mile (1320 ft.) of the outdoor application site.

(b) Requirements for posted warning signs. If notification by posted warning

signs is required pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section, the agricultural

employer must, unless otherwise prescribed by the label, ensure that all

warning signs meet the requirements of this paragraph. When several

contiguous areas are to be treated with pesticides on a rotating or sequential

basis, the entire area may be posted. Worker entry is prohibited for the entire

area while the signs are posted, except for entry permitted by Sec. 170.603

of this part.

(1) General. The warning signs must meet all of the following requirements:

(i) Be one of the three sizes specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section

and comply with the posting placement and spacing requirements

applicable to that sign size.

(ii) Be posted prior to but no earlier than 24 hours before the scheduled

application of the pesticide.

(iii) Remain posted throughout the application and any restricted-entry

interval.

(iv) Be removed or covered within three days after the end of the

application or any restricted-entry interval, whichever is later, except

that signs may remain posted after the restricted-entry interval has

expired as long as all of the following conditions are met:

(A) The agricultural employer instructs any workers on the

establishment that may come within 1/4-mile of the treated area

not to enter that treated area while the signs are posted.

(B) The agricultural employer ensures that workers do not enter the

treated area while the signs remain posted, other than entry

permitted by Sec. 170.603 of this part.

(v) Remain visible and legible during the time they are required to be

posted.

(2) Content.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.409 (b)(2)(i) W - 40 170.409 (b)(2)(i)

(i) The warning sign must have a white background. The words “DANGER”

and “PELIGRO,” plus “PESTICIDES” and “PESTICIDAS,” must be at the

top of the sign, and the words “KEEP OUT” and “NO ENTRE” must be at

the bottom of the sign. Letters for all words must be clearly legible. A

circle containing an upraised hand on the left and a stern face on the

right must be near the center of the sign. The inside of the circle must

be red, except that the hand and a large portion of the face must be in

white. The length of the hand must be at least twice the height of the

smallest letters. The length of the face must be only slightly smaller

than the hand. Additional information such as the name of the

pesticide and the date of application may appear on the warning sign if

it does not detract from the size and appearance of the sign or change

the meaning of the required information. An example of a warning sign

meeting these requirements, other than the size and color

requirements, follows:

Worker Protection Standard

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170.409 (b)(2)(i) W - 41 170.409 (b)(2)(i)

Worker Protection Standard

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170.409 (b)(2)(ii) W - 42 170.409 (b)(3)(iii)

(ii) The agricultural employer may replace the Spanish language portion of

the warning sign with equivalent terms in an alternative non-English

language if that alternative language is the language read by the

largest group of workers at that agricultural establishment who do not

read English. The alternative language sign must be in the same

format as the original sign and conform to all other requirements of

paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section.

(3) Size and posting.

(i) The standard sign must be at least 14 inches by 16 inches with letters

at least one inch in height.

(ii) When posting an outdoor production area using the standard sign, the

signs must be visible from all reasonably expected points of worker

entry to the treated area, including at least each access road, each

border with any worker housing area within 100 feet of the treated

area and each footpath and other walking route that enters the treated

area. Where there are no reasonably expected points of worker entry,

signs must be posted in the corners of the treated area or in any other

location affording maximum visibility.

(iii) When posting an enclosed space production area using the standard

sign and the entire structure or space is subject to the labeling-

specified restricted-entry interval and the post-application entry

restrictions specified in Sec. 170.407, the signs must be posted so they

are visible from all reasonably expected points of worker entry to the

structure or space. When posting treated areas in enclosed space

production using the standard sign and the treated area only comprises

a subsection of the structure or space, the signs must be posted so

they are visible from all reasonably expected points of worker entry to

the treated area including each aisle or other walking route that enters

the treated area. Where there are no reasonably expected points of

worker entry to the treated area, signs must be posted in the corners

of the treated area or in any other location affording maximum

visibility.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.409 (b)(3)(iv) W - 43 170.409 (c)(2)

(iv) If a smaller warning sign is used with “DANGER” and “PELIGRO” in

letters at least 7/8 inch in height and the remaining letters at least 1/2

inch in height and a red circle at least three inches in diameter

containing an upraised hand and a stern face, the signs must be

posted no farther than 50 feet apart around the perimeter of the

treated area in addition to the locations specified in paragraphs

(b)(3)(ii) or (b)(3)(iii) of this section.

(v) If a smaller sign is used with “DANGER” and “PELIGRO” in letters at

least 7/16 inch in height and the remaining letters at least 1/4 inch in

height and a red circle at least one and a half inches in diameter

containing an upraised hand and a stern face, the signs must be

posted no farther than 25 feet apart around the perimeter of the

treated area in addition to the locations specified in paragraphs

(b)(3)(ii) or (b)(3)(iii) of this section.

(vi) A sign with “DANGER” and “PELIGRO” in letters less than 7/16 inch in

height or with any words in letters less than 1/4 inch in height or a red

circle smaller than one and a half inches in diameter containing an

upraised hand and a stern face will not satisfy the requirements of the

rule.

paragraph (a) of this section, the agricultural employer must provide oral

warnings to workers in a manner that the workers can understand. If a

worker will be on the establishment when an application begins, the warning

must be given before the application begins. If a worker arrives on the

establishment while an application is taking place or a restricted-entry interval

for a pesticide application is in effect, the warning must be given at the

beginning of the worker's work period. The warning must include all of the

following:

(1) The location(s) and description of any treated area(s) subject to the entry

restrictions during and after application specified in Sec. 170.405 and

170.407.

(2) The dates and times during which entry is restricted in any treated area(s)

subject to the entry restrictions during and after application specified in

Sec. 170.405 and 170.407.

Worker Protection Standard

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170.409 (c)(3) W - 44 170.411 (b)(2)

(3) Instructions not to enter the treated area or an application exclusion zone

during application, and that entry to the treated area is not allowed until

the restricted-entry interval has expired and all treated area warning signs

have been removed or covered, except for entry permitted by Sec.

170.603 of this part.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.405(a) Outdoor production pesticide applications. OAR

437-004-6405, when adopted, will apply instead.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.411 Decontamination supplies for workers

(a) Requirement. The agricultural employer must provide decontamination

supplies for routine washing and emergency decontamination in accordance

with this section for any worker on an agricultural establishment who is

performing an activity in an area where a pesticide was applied and who

contacts anything that has been treated with the pesticide, including, but not

limited to, soil, water, and plants.

(b) Materials and quantities. The decontamination supplies required in paragraph

(a) of this section must include at least 1 gallon of water per worker at the

beginning of each worker's work period for routine washing and emergency

decontamination, soap, and single-use towels. The supplies must meet all of

the following requirements:

(1) Water. At all times when this part requires agricultural employers to make

water available to workers, the agricultural employer must ensure that it is

of a quality and temperature that will not cause illness or injury when it

contacts the skin or eyes or if it is swallowed. If a water source is used for

mixing pesticides, it must not be used for decontamination, unless

equipped with properly functioning valves or other mechanisms that

prevent contamination of the water with pesticides, such as anti-backflow

siphons, one-way or check valves, or an air gap sufficient to prevent

contamination.

(2) Soap and single-use towels. The agricultural employer must provide soap

and single-use towels for drying in quantities sufficient to meet the

workers' reasonable needs. Hand sanitizing gels and liquids or wet

towelettes do not meet the requirement for soap. Wet towelettes do not

meet the requirement for single-use towels.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.411 (c) W - 45 170.411 (d)

(1) If any pesticide with a restricted-entry interval greater than four hours

was applied, the decontamination supplies must be provided from the time

workers first enter the treated area until at least 30 days after the

restricted-entry interval expires.

(2) If the only pesticides applied in the treated area are products with

restricted-entry intervals of four hours or less, the decontamination

supplies must be provided from the time workers first enter the treated

area until at least seven days after the restricted-entry interval expires.

(d) Location. The decontamination supplies must be located together outside any

treated area or area subject to a restricted-entry interval, and must be

reasonably accessible to the workers. The decontamination supplies must not

be more than 1/4 mile from where workers are working, except that where

workers are working more than 1/4 mile from the nearest place of vehicular

access or more than 1/4 mile from any non-treated area, the decontamination

supplies may be at the nearest place of vehicular access outside any treated

area or area subject to a restricted-entry interval.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.501 W - 47 170.501 (c)(1)

Subpart F--Requirements for Protection of Agricultural Pesticide

Handlers

170.501 Training requirements for handlers

(a) General requirement. Before any handler performs any handler activity

involving a pesticide product, the handler employer must ensure that the

handler has been trained in accordance with this section within the last 12

months, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section.

(b) Exceptions. The following handlers need not be trained under this section:

(1) A handler who is currently certified as an applicator of restricted use

pesticides under part 171 of this chapter.

Note: Part 171 of Chapter 40 CFR is about the certification of pesticide applicators; in Oregon, it

is administered by the Oregon Department of Agriculture.

(2) A handler who is certified or licensed as a crop advisor by a program

acknowledged as appropriate in writing by EPA or the State or Tribal

agency responsible for pesticide enforcement, provided that a requirement

for such certification or licensing is pesticide safety training that includes

all the topics set out in Sec. 170.501(c)(2) or Sec. 170.501(c)(3) as

applicable depending on the date of training.

Note: See OAR 437-004-6501(1)

Note: Training deficiencies in the Oregon-specific rule requirements related to the Worker

Protection Standard such as the Hazard Communication Standard, the Respiratory Protection

Standard, and the Personal Protective Equipment rules will be cited from the applicable Oregon

OSHA rule.

(1) Pesticide safety training must be presented to handlers either orally from

written materials or audio-visually, at a location that is reasonably free

from distraction and conducive to training. All training materials must be

EPA-approved. The training must be presented in a manner that the

handlers can understand, such as through a translator. The training must

be conducted by a person who meets the handler trainer requirements of

paragraph (c)(4) of this section, and who must be present during the

entire training program and must respond to handlers' questions.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.501(c)(2) or (3). OAR 437-004-6501 applies instead.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-6501 W - 48 437-004-6501 (2)(l)

437-004-6501 Handler training programs in Oregon

(1) Handlers using an exception to the training requirements for crop advisors –

as described in 170.501(b)(2) of the Worker Protection Standard – must

demonstrate that the program includes all the topics listed in OAR 437-004-

6501(2).

(2) Training programs for handlers must include, at a minimum, all of the

following topics:

(a) All the topics required by OAR 437-004-6401. Training program for

workers.

(b) Information on proper application and use of pesticides.

of the pesticide.

(d) Format and meaning of information contained on pesticide labels and in

labeling applicable to the safe use of the pesticide.

(e) Need for and appropriate use and removal of all personal protective

equipment.

(f) How to recognize, prevent, and provide first aid treatment for heat-related

illness.

(g) Safety requirements for handling, transporting, storing, and disposing of

pesticides, including general procedures for spill cleanup.

(h) Environmental concerns, such as drift, runoff, and wildlife hazards.

(i) Handlers must not apply pesticides in a manner that results in contact with

workers or other persons.

(j) The responsibility of handler employers to provide handlers with

information and protections designed to reduce work-related pesticide

exposures and illnesses. This includes providing, cleaning, maintaining,

storing, and ensuring proper use of all required personal protective

equipment; providing decontamination supplies; and providing specific

information about pesticide use and labeling information.

(k) Handlers must suspend a pesticide application if workers or other persons

are in the application exclusion zone.

(l) Handlers must be at least 18 years old.

Worker Protection Standard

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437-004-6501 (2)(m) W - 49 437-004-6502 (2)

(m) The responsibility of handler employers to ensure handlers have received

respirator fit-testing, training and medical evaluation if they are required

to wear a respirator by the product labeling.

(n) The responsibility of agricultural employers to post treated areas as

required by this rule.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.501 (c)(4) The person who conducts the training must have one of the

following qualifications:

(i) Be designated as a trainer of certified applicators or pesticide handlers

by EPA or the State or Tribal agency responsible for pesticide

enforcement.

(ii) Have completed an EPA-approved pesticide safety train-the-trainer

program for trainers of handlers.

(iii) Be currently certified as an applicator of restricted use pesticides

under part 171 of this chapter.

Note: Part 171 of Chapter 40 CFR concerns the certification of pesticide applicators; in Oregon, it

is administered by the Oregon Department of Agriculture.

437-004-6502 Oregon requirements for Worker Protection Standard

trainers of handlers who qualify using train-the-trainer programs

(1) Beginning on January 1, 2018, trainers of handlers who use the train-the-

trainer (T-t-T) qualification described in 170.501(c)(4)(ii) must complete a T-

t-T program at least once every five years, using training materials approved

by EPA for that purpose.

(2) In order to meet this requirement, persons using this qualification are

responsible for maintaining a record of their training, to include the following

details about their most recent completion of a T-t-T program: the date(s),

location, and the EPA reference number of the training materials that were

used.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.501 (d) W - 50 170.503 (a)(3)

170.501 (d) Recordkeeping

(1) Handler employers must maintain records of training for handlers

employed by their establishment for two years after the date of the

training. The records must be maintained on the establishment and must

include all of the following information:

(i) The trained handler's printed name and signature.

(ii) The date of the training.

(iii) Information identifying which EPA-approved training materials were

used.

(iv) The trainer's name and documentation showing that the trainer met

the requirements of Sec. 170.501(c)(4) at the time of training.

(v) The handler employer's name.

(2) The handler employer must, upon request by a handler trained on the

establishment, provide to the handler a copy of the record of the training

that contains the information required under Sec. 170.501 (d)(1).

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.503 Knowledge of labeling, application-specific, and establishment-

specific information for handlers

(a) Knowledge of labeling and application-specific information.

(1) The handler employer must ensure that before any handler performs any

handler activity involving a pesticide product, the handler either has read

the portions of the labeling applicable to the safe use of the pesticide or

has been informed in a manner the handler can understand of all labeling

requirements and use directions applicable to the safe use of the pesticide.

(2) The handler employer must ensure that the handler has access to the

applicable product labeling at all times during handler activities.

(3) The handler employer must ensure that the handler is aware of

requirements for any entry restrictions, application exclusion zones and

restricted-entry intervals as described in Sec. 170.405 and 170.407 that

may apply based on the handler's activity.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.503 (b) W - 51 170.505 (c)

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.405(a). OAR 437-004-6405, when adopted, will apply

instead.

(b) Knowledge of establishment-specific information. Before any handler

performs any handler activity on an agricultural establishment where within

the last 30 days a pesticide product has been used, or a restricted-entry

interval for such pesticide has been in effect, the handler employer must

ensure that the handler has been informed, in a manner the handler can

understand, all of the following establishment-specific information:

(1) The location of pesticide safety information required by Sec. 170.311(a).

(2) The location of pesticide application and hazard information required by

Sec. 170.311(b).

(3) The location of decontamination supplies required by Sec. 170.509.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.505 Requirements during applications to protect handlers, workers,

and other persons

(a) Prohibition from contacting workers and other persons with pesticides during

application. The handler employer and the handler must ensure that no

pesticide is applied so as to contact, directly or through drift, any worker or

other person, other than an appropriately trained and equipped handler

involved in the application.

(b) Suspending applications. After January 1, 2018, the handler performing the

application must immediately suspend a pesticide application if any worker or

other person, other than an appropriately trained and equipped handler

involved in the application, is in the application exclusion zone described in

Sec. 170.405(a)(1) or the area specified in column B of the Table in Sec.

170.405(b)(4).

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.405(a) Outdoor production pesticide applications. OAR

437-004-6405, when adopted, will apply instead.

any handler who is performing any handler activity with a pesticide product

that has the skull-and-crossbones symbol on the front panel of the pesticide

product label is monitored visually or by voice communication at least every

two hours.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.505 (d) W - 52 170.507 (b)(1)

(d) Fumigant applications in enclosed space production. The handler employer

must ensure all of the following:

(1) Any handler in an enclosed space production area during a fumigant

application maintains continuous visual or voice contact with another

handler stationed immediately outside of the enclosed space.

(2) The handler stationed outside the enclosed space has immediate access to

and uses the personal protective equipment required by the fumigant

labeling for applicators in the event that entry becomes necessary for

rescue.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.507 Personal protective equipment

Note: In Oregon, to the extent that the applicable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

requirements are more protective than the label PPE requirements, they will apply. For employers

subject to the Division 4 rules, Division 4/I, OAR 437 004-1005 through -1035 and -1050 through

-1075 apply. For employers subject to the Division 2 rules, Division 2/I, OAR 437-002-0134

applies. For employers subject to the Division 7 rules, Division 7/D, OAR 437-007-0300 through

0330 apply.

(a) Handler responsibilities. Any person who performs handler activities involving

a pesticide product must use the clothing and personal protective equipment

specified on the pesticide product labeling for use of the product, except as

provided in Sec. 170.607 of this part.

(b) Employer responsibilities for providing personal protective equipment. The

handler employer must provide to the handler the personal protective

equipment required by the pesticide product labeling in accordance with this

section. The handler employer must ensure that the personal protective

equipment is clean and in proper operating condition. For the purposes of this

section, long-sleeved shirts, short-sleeved shirts, long pants, short pants,

shoes, and socks are not considered personal protective equipment, although

such work clothing must be worn if required by the pesticide product labeling.

(1) If the pesticide product labeling requires that “chemical-resistant'”

personal protective equipment be worn, it must be made of material that

allows no measurable movement of the pesticide being used through the

material during use.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.507 (b)(2) W - 53 170.507 (b)(6)(ii)

(2) If the pesticide product labeling requires that “waterproof'” personal

protective equipment be worn, it must be made of material that allows no

measurable movement of water or aqueous solutions through the material

during use.

(3) If the pesticide product labeling requires that a “chemical-resistant suit”

be worn, it must be a loose-fitting, one- or two-piece chemical-resistant

garment that covers, at a minimum, the entire body except head, hands,

and feet.

(4) If the pesticide product labeling requires that “coveralls” be worn, they

must be loose-fitting, one- or two-piece garments that cover, at a

minimum, the entire body except head, hands, and feet.

(5) Gloves must be the type specified on the pesticide product labeling.

(i) Gloves made of leather, cotton, or other absorbent materials may not

be worn while performing handler activities unless gloves made of

these materials are listed as acceptable for such use on the pesticide

product labeling.

(ii) Separable glove liners may be worn beneath chemical-resistant gloves,

unless the pesticide product labeling specifically prohibits their use.

Separable glove liners are defined as separate glove-like hand

coverings, made of lightweight material, with or without fingers. Work

gloves made from lightweight cotton or poly-type material are

considered to be glove liners if worn beneath chemical-resistant

gloves. Separable glove liners may not extend outside the chemical-

resistant gloves under which they are worn. Chemical-resistant gloves

with non-separable absorbent lining materials are prohibited.

(iii) If used, separable glove liners must be discarded immediately after a

total of no more than 10 hours of use or within 24 hours of when first

put on, whichever comes first. The liners must be replaced immediately

if directly contacted by pesticide. Used glove liners must not be reused.

Contaminated liners must be disposed of in accordance with any

Federal, State, or local regulations.

(6) If the pesticide product labeling requires that “chemical-resistant

footwear” be worn, one of the following types of footwear must be worn:

(i) Chemical-resistant shoes.

(ii) Chemical-resistant boots.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.507 (b)(6)(iii) W - 54 170.507 (b)(9)

(iii) Chemical-resistant shoe coverings worn over shoes or boots.

Note: See exception in 170.607(b).

(7) If the pesticide product labeling requires that “protective eyewear” be

worn, one of the following types of eyewear must be worn:

(i) Goggles.

(ii) Face shield.

(iii) Safety glasses with front, brow, and temple protection.

(iv) Full-face respirator.

Note: Oregon employers must choose the type of protective eyewear that will effectively

protect their employees from the specific type of hazard for that handling activity. Signal

words from the pesticide product label can provide general guidelines to use in that

evaluation.

Table 2 - General guideline for minimum eye protection

Product

Signal Word

General guideline for minimum eye protection

Caution

Safety glasses with front, brow, and temple protection that is specified by

the manufacturer for use against chemical splash.

Full face respirator (if used in combination with required respiratory

protection)

Warning

Safety glasses with front, brow, and temple protection that is specified by

the manufacturer for use against chemical splash PLUS a Face shield;

Chemical splash goggles

Full face respirator (if used in combination with required respiratory

protection)

Danger

Chemical splash goggles

Full face respirator (if used in combination with required respiratory

protection)

(8) If the pesticide product labeling requires that a “chemical-resistant apron”

be worn, a chemical-resistant apron that covers the front of the body from

mid-chest to the knees must be worn.

(9) If the pesticide product labeling requires that “chemical-resistant

headgear” be worn, it must be either a chemical-resistant hood or a

chemical-resistant hat with a wide brim.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

437-004-6508 W - 55 170.507 (d)(1)

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.507(b)(10). OAR 437-004-6508, Respiratory

Protection applies instead. Also see requirements in 170.507(d)(5) and (d)(6) for

replacement and maintenance requirements related to respiratory protection.

437-004-6508 Respiratory Protection

Whenever a respirator is required by the pesticide product labeling, the handler

employer must ensure that the respirator specified on the label is used and that

requirements of the Respiratory Protection Standard that applies to them are met

before allowing the handler to perform any activity where the respirator is

required to be worn. For employers subject to the Division 4 rules, Division 4/I,

OAR 438-004-1041 applies, except for Paragraph (4) Selection of respirators. For

employers subject to the Division 2 and/ or the Division 7 rules, Division 2/I,

1910.134 applies, except for Paragraph (d) Selection of respirators.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.507 (c) Use of personal protective equipment

(1) The handler employer must ensure that personal protective equipment is

used correctly for its intended purpose and is used according to the

manufacturer's instructions.

(2) The handler employer must ensure that, before each day of use, all

personal protective equipment is inspected for leaks, holes, tears, or worn

places, and any damaged equipment is repaired or discarded.

(d) Cleaning and maintenance.

(1) The handler employer must ensure that all personal protective equipment

is cleaned according to the manufacturer's instructions or pesticide

product labeling instructions before each day of reuse. In the absence of

any such instructions, it must be washed thoroughly in detergent and hot

water.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.507 (d)(2) W - 56 170.507 (d)(6)(iv)

(2) If any personal protective equipment cannot or will not be cleaned

properly, the handler employer must ensure the contaminated personal

protective equipment is made unusable as apparel or is made unavailable

for further use by employees or third parties. The contaminated personal

protective equipment must be disposed of in accordance with any

applicable laws or regulations. Coveralls or other absorbent materials that

have been drenched or heavily contaminated with a pesticide that has the

signal word “DANGER” or “WARNING” on the label must not be reused and

must be disposed of as specified in this paragraph. Handler employers

must ensure that any person who handles contaminated personal

protective equipment described in this paragraph wears the gloves

specified on the pesticide product labeling for mixing and loading the

product(s) comprising the contaminant(s) on the equipment. If two or

more pesticides are included in the contaminants, the gloves worn must

meet the requirements for mixing and loading all of the pesticide products.

(3) The handler employer must ensure that contaminated personal protective

equipment is kept separate from non-contaminated personal protective

equipment, other clothing or laundry and washed separately from any

other clothing or laundry.

(4) The handler employer must ensure that all washed personal protective

equipment is dried thoroughly before being stored or reused.

(5) The handler employer must ensure that all clean personal protective

equipment is stored separately from personal clothing and apart from

pesticide-contaminated areas.

(6) The handler employer must ensure that when filtering facepiece

respirators are used, they are replaced when one of the following

conditions is met:

(i) When breathing resistance becomes excessive.

(ii) When the filter element has physical damage or tears.

(iii) According to manufacturer's recommendations or pesticide product

labeling, whichever is more frequent.

(iv) In the absence of any other instructions or indications of service life,

at the end of eight hours of cumulative use.

Worker Protection Standard

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170.507 (d)(7) W - 57 170.507 (d)(10)

(7) The handler employer must ensure that when gas- or vapor-removing

respirators are used, the gas- or vapor-removing canisters or cartridges

are replaced before further respirator use when one of the following

conditions is met:

(i) At the first indication of odor, taste, or irritation.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt (d)(7)(ii) as an option. However, the use of an End of Service

Life Indicator, when available for the specific air contaminant, is an acceptable method for

determining the proper cartridge replacement time for a gas or vapor-removing respirator.

(iii) When breathing resistance becomes excessive.

(iv) When required according to manufacturer's recommendations or

pesticide product labeling instructions, whichever is more frequent.

(v) In the absence of any other instructions or indications of service life, at

the end of eight hours of cumulative use.

(8) The handler employer must inform any person who cleans or launders

personal protective equipment of all the following:

(i) That such equipment may be contaminated with pesticides and there

are potentially harmful effects from exposure to pesticides.

(ii) The correct way(s) to clean personal protective equipment and how to

protect themselves when handling such equipment.

(iii) Proper decontamination procedures that should be followed after

handling contaminated personal protective equipment.

(9) The handler employer must ensure that handlers have a place(s) away

from pesticide storage and pesticide use areas where they may do all of

the following:

(i) Store personal clothing not worn during handling activities.

(ii) Put on personal protective equipment at the start of any exposure

period.

(iii) Remove personal protective equipment at the end of any exposure

period.

(10) The handler employer must not allow or direct any handler to wear home

or to take home employer-provided personal protective equipment

contaminated with pesticides.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.507 (e) W - 58 170.509 (b)(3)

(e) Heat-related illness. Where a pesticide's labeling requires the use of personal

protective equipment for a handler activity, the handler employer must take

appropriate measures to prevent heat-related illness.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.509 Decontamination and eye flushing supplies for handlers

(a) Requirement. The handler employer must provide decontamination and eye

flushing supplies in accordance with this section for any handler that is

performing any handler activity or removing personal protective equipment at

the place for changing required by Sec. 170.507(d)(9).

(b) General conditions. The decontamination supplies required in paragraph (a)

of this section must include: at least three gallons of water per handler at the

beginning of each handler's work period for routine washing and potential

emergency decontamination; soap; single-use towels; and clean clothing for

use in an emergency. The decontamination and eye flushing supplies required

in paragraph (a) of this section must meet all of the following requirements:

(1) Water. At all times when this section requires handler employers to make

water available to handlers for routine washing, emergency

decontamination or eye flushing, the handler employer must ensure that it

is of a quality and temperature that will not cause illness or injury when it

contacts the skin or eyes or if it is swallowed. If a water source is used for

mixing pesticides, it must not be used for decontamination or eye flushing

supplies, unless equipped with properly functioning valves or other

mechanisms that prevent contamination of the water with pesticides, such

as anti-backflow siphons, one-way or check valves, or an air gap sufficient

to prevent contamination.

(2) Soap and single-use towels. The handler employer must provide soap and

single-use towels for drying in quantities sufficient to meet the handlers'

needs. Hand sanitizing gels and liquids or wet towelettes do not meet the

requirement for soap. Wet towelettes do not meet the requirement for

single-use towels.

(3) Clean change of clothing. The handler employer must provide one clean

change of clothing, such as coveralls, for use in an emergency.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.509 (c) W - 59 437-004-6509 (2)

treated area or area subject to a restricted-entry interval, and must be

reasonably accessible to each handler during the handler activity. The

decontamination supplies must not be more than 1/4 mile from the handler,

except that where the handler activity is more than 1/4 mile from the nearest

place of vehicular access or more than 1/4 mile from any non-treated area,

the decontamination supplies may be at the nearest place of vehicular access

outside any treated area or area subject to a restricted-entry interval.

(1) Mixing sites. Decontamination supplies must be provided at any mixing

site.

(2) Exception for pilots. Decontamination supplies for a pilot who is applying

pesticides aerially must be in the aircraft or at the aircraft loading site.

(3) Exception for treated areas. The decontamination supplies must be

outside any treated area or area subject to a restricted-entry interval,

unless the soap, single-use towels, water and clean change of clothing are

protected from pesticide contamination in closed containers.

Note: Oregon did not adopt 170.509(d). OAR 437-004-6509 applies instead.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

437-004-6509 Emergency eye-washes and eye flushing supplies

(1) Whenever a handler is mixing or loading a pesticide product whose labeling

includes the signal word “Danger” or “Danger/Poison,” due to toxicity to the

eye or the possibility of permanent eye damage; or, a handler is mixing or

loading any pesticide using a closed system operating under pressure, the

employer must provide at each mixing/loading site available to the handler at

least one eye-wash system that meets the applicable eyewash requirements.

For employers subject to the Division 4 rules, Division 4/K, OAR 437-004-

1305(5) applies. For employers subject to the Division 2 and/or Division 7

rules, Division 2/K, OAR 437-002-0161 applies.

(2) Whenever a handler is applying a pesticide product whose labeling requires

protective eyewear for handlers, the handler employer must provide at least

one pint of water per handler in portable containers that are immediately

available to each handler.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-6509 (2) W - 60 437-004-6509 (2)

Note: The eye-wash rules referenced include the following minimum requirements:

•

Locate the eye-wash so that exposed employees can reach it and begin treatment in 10

seconds or less. The path must be unobstructed and cannot require the opening of doors

or passage through obstacles unless other employees are always present to help the

exposed employee.

•

Install the equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

•

Follow the equipment manufacturer’s criteria for water pressure, flow rate and testing to

ensure proper operation of the system.

•

Eye-wash water must flow for at least 15 minutes.

•

The eyewash must have valves that stay open without the use of the hands.

•

The water to the equipment must not be subject to unauthorized shut-off.

•

If eyewash facilities can freeze, take protective measures to prevent freezing.

•

Equipment must be clean, sanitary and operating correctly.

•

In self-contained systems, do not use solutions or products past their expiration date.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.601 W - 61 170.601 (a)(2)

Subpart G--Exemptions, Exceptions and Equivalency

170.601 Exemptions

(a) Exemption for owners of agricultural establishments and their immediate

families.

(1) On any agricultural establishment where a majority of the establishment

is owned by one or more members of the same immediate family, the

owner(s) of the establishment are not required to provide the protections

of the following provisions to themselves or members of their immediate

family when they are performing handling activities or tasks related to the

production of agricultural plants that would otherwise be covered by this

part on their own agricultural establishment.

(i) Section 170.309(c).

(ii) Section 170.309(f) through (j).

(iii) Section 170.311.

(iv) Section 170.401.

(v) Section 170.403.

(vi) Section 170.409.

(vii) Sections 170.411 and 170.509.

(viii) Section 170.501.

(ix) Section 170.503.

(x) Section 170.505(c) and (d).

(xi) Section 170.507(c) through (e).

(xii) Section 170.605(a) through (c) and (e) through (j).

(2) The owners of agricultural establishments must provide all of the

applicable protections required by this part for any employees or other

persons on the establishment that are not members of their immediate

family.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.601 (b) W - 62 170.603 (a)

(b) Exemption for certified crop advisors. Certified crop advisors may make their

own determination for the appropriate personal protective equipment for

entry into a treated area during a restricted-entry interval and substitute their

self-determined set of personal protective equipment for the labeling-required

personal protective equipment, and the requirements of Sec. 170.309(e),

170.309(f), 170.313(k), 170.503(a), 170.507 and 170.509 of this part do not

apply to certified crop advisors provided the application is complete and all of

the following conditions are met:

(1) The crop advisor is certified or licensed as a crop advisor by a program

acknowledged as appropriate in writing by EPA or a State or Tribal agency

responsible for pesticide enforcement.

(2) The certification or licensing program requires pesticide safety training

that includes all the information in Sec. 170.501(c)(2) or Sec.

170.501(c)(3) as applicable depending on the date of training.

(3) The crop advisor who enters a treated area during a restricted-entry

interval only performs crop advising tasks while in the treated area.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt 170.501(c)(2) or (3). OAR 437-004-6501 applies instead.

Certified crop advisors using the conditions of exemption described in 170.601(b) of the Worker

Protection Standard must ensure that the pesticide safety training described in (b)(2) includes all

the information listed in OAR 437-004-6501.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.603 Exceptions for entry by workers during restricted-entry

intervals

An agricultural employer may direct workers to enter treated areas where a

restricted-entry interval is in effect to perform certain activities as provided in

this section, provided that the agricultural employer ensures all of the applicable

conditions of this section and Sec. 170.605 of this part are met.

(a) Exception for activities with no contact. A worker may enter a treated area

during a restricted-entry interval if the agricultural employer ensures that all

of the following conditions are met:

Worker Protection Standard

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170.603 (a)(1) W - 63 170.603 (c)(1)

(1) The worker will have no contact with anything that has been treated with

the pesticide to which the restricted-entry interval applies, including, but

not limited to, soil, water, air, or surfaces of plants. This exception does

not allow workers to perform any activities that involve contact with

treated surfaces even if workers are wearing personal protective

equipment.

(2) No such entry is allowed until any inhalation exposure level listed in the

pesticide product labeling has been reached or any ventilation criteria

required by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the pesticide product labeling have

been met.

(b) Exception for short-term activities. A worker may enter a treated area during

a restricted-entry interval for short-term activities, if the agricultural

employer ensures that all of the following requirements are met:

(1) No hand labor activity is performed.

(2) The time in treated areas where a restricted-entry interval is in effect

does not exceed one hour in any 24-hour period for any worker.

(3) No such entry is allowed during the first 4 hours after the application

ends.

(4) No such entry is allowed until any inhalation exposure level listed in the

pesticide product labeling has been reached or any ventilation criteria

required by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the pesticide product labeling have

been met.

(1) An agricultural emergency means a sudden occurrence or set of

circumstances that the agricultural employer could not have anticipated

and over which the agricultural employer has no control, that requires

entry into a treated area during a restricted-entry interval, and when no

alternative practices would prevent or mitigate a substantial economic

loss. A substantial economic loss means a loss in profitability greater than

that which would be expected based on the experience and fluctuations of

crop yields in previous years. Only losses caused by the agricultural

emergency specific to the affected site and geographic area are

considered. Losses resulting from mismanagement cannot be included

when determining whether a loss is substantial.

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170.603 (c)(2) W - 64 170.603 (d)(2)

(2) A worker may enter a treated area where a restricted-entry interval is in

effect in an agricultural emergency to perform tasks necessary to mitigate

the effects of the agricultural emergency, including hand labor tasks, if the

agricultural employer ensures that all the following criteria are met:

(i) The State department of agriculture, or the State or Tribal agency

responsible for pesticide enforcement declares an agricultural

emergency that applies to the treated area, or agricultural employer

has determined that the circumstances within the treated area are the

same as circumstances the State department of agriculture, or the

State or Tribal agency responsible for pesticide enforcement has

previously determined would constitute an agricultural emergency.

(ii) The agricultural employer determines that the agricultural

establishment is subject to the circumstances that result in an

agricultural emergency meeting the criteria of paragraph (c)(1) of this

section.

(iii) If the labeling of any pesticide product applied to the treated area

requires workers to be notified of the location of treated areas by both

posting and oral notification, then the agricultural employer must

ensure that no individual worker spends more than four hours out of

any 24-hour period in treated areas where such a restricted-entry

interval is in effect.

(iv) No such entry is allowed during the first 4 hours after the application

ends.

(v) No such entry is allowed until any inhalation exposure level listed in

the pesticide product labeling has been reached or any ventilation

criteria required by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the pesticide product

labeling have been met.

(d) Exceptions for limited contact and irrigation activities. A worker may enter a

treated area during a restricted-entry interval for limited contact or irrigation

activities, if the agricultural employer ensures that all of the following

requirements are met:

(1) No hand labor activity is performed.

(2) No worker is allowed in the treated area for more than eight hours in a

24-hour period.

Worker Protection Standard

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170.603 (d)(3) W - 65 170.605 (a)

(3) No such entry is allowed during the first 4 hours after the application

ends.

(4) No such entry is allowed until any inhalation exposure level listed in the

pesticide product labeling has been reached or any ventilation criteria

required by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the pesticide product labeling have

been met.

(5) The task is one that, if not performed before the restricted-entry interval

expires, would cause substantial economic loss, and there are no

alternative tasks that would prevent substantial loss.

(6) With the exception of irrigation tasks, the need for the task could not have

been foreseen.

(7) The worker has no contact with pesticide-treated surfaces other than

minimal contact with feet, lower legs, hands, and forearms.

(8) The labeling of the pesticide product that was applied does not require

that workers be notified of the location of treated areas by both posting

and oral notification.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.605 Agricultural employer responsibilities to protect workers

entering treated areas during a restricted-entry interval

Note: In Oregon, to the extent that the applicable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

requirements are more protective than the label PPE requirements, they will apply. For employers

subject to the Division 4 rules, Division 4/I, OAR 437 004-1005 through -1035 and -1050 through

-1075 apply. For employers subject to the Division 2 rules, Division 2/I, OAR 437-002-0134

applies. For employers subject to the Division 7 rules, Division 7/D, OAR 437-007-0300 through

0330 apply.

If an agricultural employer directs a worker to perform activities in a treated area

where a restricted-entry interval is in effect, all of the following requirements

must be met:

(a) The agricultural employer must ensure that the worker is at least 18 years

old.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.605 (b) W - 66 170.605 (e)

(b) Prior to early entry, the agricultural employer must provide to each early-

entry worker the information described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of

this section. The information must be provided orally in a manner that the

worker can understand.

(1) Location of early-entry area where work activities are to be performed.

(2) Pesticide(s) applied.

(3) Dates and times that the restricted-entry interval begins and ends.

(4) Which exception in Sec. 170.603 is the basis for the early entry, and a

description of tasks that may be performed under the exception.

(5) Whether contact with treated surfaces is permitted under the exception.

(6) Amount of time the worker is allowed to remain in the treated area.

(7) Personal protective equipment required by the pesticide product labeling

for early entry.

(8) Location of the pesticide safety information required by Sec. 170.311(a)

and the location of the decontamination supplies required by Sec.

170.605(h).

either has read the applicable pesticide product labeling or has been

informed, in a manner that the worker can understand, of all labeling

requirements and statements related to human hazards or precautions, first

aid, and user safety.

(d) The agricultural employer must ensure that each worker who enters a treated

area during a restricted-entry interval is provided the personal protective

equipment specified in the pesticide product labeling for early entry. The

agricultural employer must ensure that the worker uses the personal

protective equipment as intended according to manufacturer's instructions

and follows any other applicable requirements on the pesticide product

labeling. Personal protective equipment must conform to the standards in

Sec. 170.507(b)(1) through (9).

(e) The agricultural employer must maintain the personal protective equipment in

accordance with Sec. 170.507(c) and (d).

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170.605 (f) W - 67 170.607 (a)(2)

(f) The agricultural employer must ensure that no worker is allowed or directed to

wear personal protective equipment without implementing measures sufficient

to prevent heat-related illness and that each worker is instructed in the

prevention, recognition, and first aid treatment of heat-related illness.

(g) The agricultural employer must instruct each worker on the proper use and

removal of the personal protective equipment, and as appropriate, on its

cleaning, maintenance and disposal. The agricultural employer must not allow

or direct any worker to wear home or to take home employer-provided

personal protective equipment contaminated with pesticides.

(h) During any early-entry activity, the agricultural employer must provide

decontamination supplies in accordance with Sec. 170.509, except the

decontamination supplies must be outside any area being treated with

pesticides or subject to a restricted-entry interval, unless the decontamination

supplies would otherwise not be reasonably accessible to workers performing

early-entry tasks.

(i) If the pesticide product labeling of the product applied requires protective

eyewear, the agricultural employer must provide at least one pint of water per

worker in portable containers for eyeflushing that is immediately available to

each worker who is performing early-entry activities.

(j) At the end of any early-entry activities the agricultural employer must

provide, at the site where the workers remove personal protective equipment,

soap, single-use towels and at least three gallons of water per worker so that

the workers may wash thoroughly.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

170.607 Exceptions to personal protective equipment requirements

specified on pesticide product labeling

(a) Body protection.

(1) A chemical-resistant suit may be substituted for coveralls. If a chemical-

resistant suit is substituted for coveralls, any labeling requirement for an

additional layer of clothing beneath the coveralls is waived.

(2) A chemical-resistant suit may be substituted for coveralls and a chemical-

resistant apron.

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170.607 (b) W - 68 170.607 (d)(2)(i)

(b) Boots. If chemical-resistant footwear with sufficient durability and a tread

appropriate for wear in rough terrain is not obtainable, then leather boots

may be worn in such terrain.

Note: Leather boots allowed to be worn for this exception are considered to be contaminated

personal protective equipment. Thereafter, they must be stored separately from clean PPE,

regular work clothing, and regular footwear and should not be worn for any other purpose.

are not obtainable, then during activities with plants with sharp thorns,

leather gloves may be worn over chemical-resistant glove liners. However,

once leather gloves are worn for this use, thereafter they must be worn only

with chemical-resistant liners and they must not be worn for any other use.

(d) Closed systems.

(1) When pesticides are being mixed or loaded using a closed system that

meets all of the requirements in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, and the

handler employer meets the requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this

section, the following exceptions to labeling-specified personal protective

equipment are permitted:

(i) Handlers using a closed system to mix or load pesticides with a signal

word of “DANGER” or “WARNING” may substitute a long-sleeved shirt,

long pants, shoes and socks, chemical-resistant apron, protective

eyewear, and any protective gloves specified on the labeling for

handlers for the labeling-specified personal protective equipment.

(ii) Handlers using a closed system to mix or load pesticides other than

those specified in paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section may substitute

protective eyewear, long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and shoes and

socks for the labeling-specified personal protective equipment.

(2) The exceptions of paragraph (d)(1) of this section apply only in the

following situations:

(i) Where the closed system removes the pesticide from its original

container and transfers the pesticide product through connecting

hoses, pipes and couplings that are sufficiently tight to prevent

exposure of handlers to the pesticide product, except for the negligible

escape associated with normal operation of the system.

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

170.607 (d)(2)(ii) W - 69 170.607 (e)

(ii) When loading intact, sealed, water soluble packaging into a mixing

tank or system. If the integrity of a water soluble packaging is

compromised (for example, if the packaging is dissolved, broken,

punctured, torn, or in any way allows its contents to escape), it is no

longer a closed system and the labeling-specified personal protective

equipment must be worn.

(3) The exceptions of paragraph (d)(1) of this section apply only where the

handler employer has satisfied the requirements of Sec. 170.313 and all of

the following conditions:

(i) Each closed system must have written operating instructions that are

clearly legible and include: Operating procedures for use, including the

safe removal of a probe; maintenance, cleaning and repair; known

restrictions or limitations relating to the system, such as incompatible

pesticides, sizes (or types) of containers or closures that cannot be

handled by the system; any limits on the ability to measure a

pesticide; and special procedures or limitations regarding partially-

filled containers.

(ii) The written operating instructions for the closed system must be

available at the mixing or loading site and must be made available to

any handlers who use the system.

(iii) Any handler operating the closed system must be trained in its use

and operate the closed system in accordance with its written operating

instructions.

(iv) The closed system must be cleaned and maintained as specified in the

written operating instructions and as needed to make sure the system

functions properly.

(v) All personal protective equipment specified in the pesticide product

labeling is immediately available to the handler for use in an

emergency.

(vi) Protective eyewear must be worn when using closed systems

operating under pressure.

(e) Enclosed cabs.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

170.607 (e)(1) W - 70 170.607 (f)(2)

(1) If a handler applies a pesticide from inside a vehicle's enclosed cab, and if

the conditions listed in paragraph (e)(2) of this section are met,

exceptions to the personal protective equipment requirements specified on

the product labeling for applicators are permitted as provided in paragraph

(e)(3) of this section.

(2) All of the personal protective equipment required by the pesticide product

labeling for applicators must be immediately available and stored in a

sealed container to prevent contamination. Handlers must wear the

applicator personal protective equipment required by the pesticide product

labeling if they exit the cab within a treated area during application or

when a restricted-entry interval is in effect. Once personal protective

equipment is worn in a treated area, it must be removed before reentering

the cab to prevent contamination of the cab.

(3) Handlers may substitute a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes and socks

for the labeling-specified personal protective equipment for skin and eye

protection. If a filtering facepiece respirator (NIOSH approval number

prefix TC-84A) or dust/mist filtering respirator is required by the pesticide

product labeling for applicators, then that respirator need not be worn

inside the enclosed cab if the enclosed cab has a properly functioning air

ventilation system which is used and maintained in accordance with the

manufacture's written operating instructions. If any other type of

respirator is required by the pesticide labeling for applicators, then that

respirator must be worn.

(f) Aerial applications.

(1) Use of gloves. The wearing of chemical-resistant gloves when entering or

leaving an aircraft used to apply pesticides is optional, unless such gloves

are required on the pesticide product labeling. If gloves are brought into

the cockpit of an aircraft that has been used to apply pesticides, the

gloves shall be kept in an enclosed container to prevent contamination of

the inside of the cockpit.

(2) Open cockpit. Handlers applying pesticides from an open cockpit aircraft

must use the personal protective equipment specified in the pesticide

product labeling for use during application, except that chemical-resistant

footwear need not be worn. A helmet may be substituted for chemical-

resistant headgear. A helmet with a face shield lowered to cover the face

may be substituted for protective eyewear.

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170.607 (f)(3) W - 71 170.607 (g)(4)

(3) Enclosed cockpit. Persons occupying an enclosed cockpit may substitute a

long-sleeved shirt, long pants, shoes, and socks for labeling-specified

personal protective equipment.

(g) Crop advisors.

(1) Provided the conditions of paragraphs (g)(2) through (g)(4) of this section

are met, crop advisors and their employees entering treated areas to

perform crop advising tasks while a restricted-entry interval is in effect

may substitute either of the following sets of personal protective

equipment for the personal protective equipment specified on the pesticide

labeling for handler activities:

(i) The personal protective equipment specified on the pesticide product

labeling for early entry.

(ii) Coveralls, shoes plus socks and chemical-resistant gloves made of any

waterproof material, and eye protection if the pesticide product

labeling applied requires protective eyewear for handlers.

(2) The application has been complete for at least four hours.

(3) No such entry is allowed until any inhalation exposure level listed in the

pesticide product labeling has been reached or any ventilation criteria

required by Sec. 170.405(b)(3) or the pesticide product labeling have

been met.

(4) The crop advisor or crop advisor employee who enters a treated area

during a restricted-entry interval only performs crop advising tasks while

in the treated area.

Stat. Auth.: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Stats. Implemented: ORS 654.001 – 654.295, 654.750 – 654.780.

Hist.: OR-OSHA Admin. Order 1-2017, f. 2/14/17, ef. 1/1/18.

Note: Oregon OSHA did not adopt Sec. 170.609 Equivalency requests.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

Historical Notes W - 73 Historical Notes

Notes

Historical Notes for Subdivision W

Note: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), published in the September 1, 2004 Federal

Pesticide Worker Protection Standard to permit optional use of separable glove liners beneath

chemical-resistant gloves. This amendment also makes optional the provision that agricultural

pilots wear gloves when entering or leaving aircraft. All other provisions of the Worker Protection

Standard are unaffected by this rule. EPA believes that these changes will reduce the cost of

compliance and will increase regulatory flexibility without increasing potential risks.

Oregon OSHA adopted these changes as published. These changes are in OR-OSHA’s Division

4/W, Agriculture/Worker Protection Standard.

This is OR-OSHA Admin. Order 7-2004, filed 12/30/04, effective 12/30/04.

Note: In Oregon, Oregon OSHA administers and enforces the pesticide Worker Protection

Standard (WPS: 40 CFR 170) as adopted in Division 4, Agriculture, Subdivision W, OAR 437-004-

6000.

This rulemaking amends OAR 437-004-6000 to reflect non-substantive corrections and technical

amendments that were published in the Federal Register from 2006 through 2009.

Oregon OSHA is also amending the pesticide Worker Protection Standard (WPS) in Division 7,

Forest Activities, Subdivision A, General Requirements, OAR 437-007-0010, to clarify the

references in Division 7 to the WPS in Division 4.

In addition, Oregon OSHA is amending Division 2, General Industry, Subdivision Z, Toxic and

Hazardous Substances, by adopting a new rule (OAR 437-002-0170) to clarify that under certain

circumstances all parts of the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) apply to general industry

workplaces, and are a part of Division 2 in addition to, and not instead of, any other part of

Division 2.

Members of the public submitting written comments expressed support for the changes but noted

that the proposed amendments (being non-substantive) do not go far enough to improve the

protection of Oregon’s affected workers from exposure to pesticides. The changes suggested by

these commenters were outside the parameters of this rulemaking.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 9-2009, adopted and effective September 21, 2009.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Historical Notes W - 74 Historical Notes

Note: Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division (Oregon OSHA) administers and enforces

the employee safety and health part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s

pesticide Worker Protection Standard (WPS) as adopted in Division 4/ Agriculture as adopted at

OAR 437-004-6000. The standard aims to protect workers – those who work in pesticide-treated

crop areas – and handlers – those who mix, load, and apply pesticides. EPA modified the WPS at

the federal level (40 CFR 170) in the November 2, 2015 Federal Register. In response, Oregon

OSHA initiated the rule-making process working with an advisory committee – including

representatives of labor, employers, grower organizations, and government and nonprofit

agencies, and other stakeholders – and reviewed extensive public comments received both orally

at three public hearings held around the state, and in written format following formal proposal in

late 2016.

Oregon OSHA is adopting most of the modified rules initiated by the EPA as well as several

Oregon-initiated rules introduced to reflect the unique circumstances for employers in Oregon.

The agency will continue to enforce the existing WPS through the end of 2017.

The rule changes are expected to lead to an overall reduction in incidents of unsafe pesticide

exposure and to improve the occupational health of agricultural workers and pesticide handlers.

The adopted OARs:

• 437-004-6001 gives expiration and implementation dates for the existing and revised

rules. The rules codified in Division 4/W as 170.1 through 170.260 will remain in effect

through 2017, and expire on 12/31/2017. The new rules, codified as 170.301 through

170.607, and the other five new OARs will be implemented beginning on January 1, 2018.

• 437-004-6401 and 437-004-6501 provide specific effective dates for the revised subject

matter to be included in training programs for both workers and handlers. In addition, the

requirements for crop advisor training programs necessary to exempt workers and

handlers from WPS training is cross-referenced to the minimum subject matter in these

OARs.

• 437-004-6508 Respiratory Protection and 437-004-6509 Emergency eye-washes and eye

flushing supplies maintain Oregon OSHA’s more protective requirements related to

respiratory protection and emergency eye-washes while fulfilling the EPA’s pesticide label

requirements.

• 437-004-6502 augments training requirements in Oregon for trainers of WPS handlers

who use the Train-the-Trainer qualification described in 170.501(c)(4)(ii) of the WPS. The

adopted rule does not apply to trainers of WPS handlers who meet the qualification as

certified applicators described in 170.501(c)(4)(iii).

The agency will reconsider some details of the 2016 WPS proposal through a separate public

rulemaking process centered on the Application Exclusion Zone (AEZ.) To give more time to fine-

tune those provisions and to ease the transition to the modified rule requirements, Oregon OSHA

is delaying implementation of the modified standard until Jan. 1, 2018. The expected result will

be a revised proposal initiated in 2017, in time for it to take effect with the other modified

sections of the WPS on Jan. 1, 2018.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 1-2017, adopted February 14, 2017 and effective

January 1, 2018.

Worker Protection Standard

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2018 2BDivision 4

Historical Notes W - 75 Historical Notes

Note: Oregon OSHA administers and enforces the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA)

pesticide Worker Protection Standard (WPS) as adopted in Division 4/W (Agriculture/Worker

Protection Standard), OAR 437-004-6000. Oregon OSHA has adopted two new Oregon

Administrative Rules (OARs) that reflect specific requirements for employers in Oregon.

These rules complement and complete the changes adopted by Oregon OSHA on February 14th,

2017 on the amended Worker Protection Standard adopted by the EPA in the November 2, 2015

Federal Register. The rules, which exceed federal requirements, take effect January 1 ,2019.

The new OARs:

OAR 437-004-6405:

Restrictions associated with outdoor production pesticide applications(which replaces 170.405(a),

is a new rule that describes the Application Exclusion Zone requirements (AEZ) including how

employers ensure enclosed agricultural structures are closed properly, must provide instruction

and information, and a decision matrix that navigates the rule requirements.

OAR 437-004-6406:

Pesticide spray drift and innovative methods is a new rule that describes that if issues relating to

spray drift occur, then the employer is responsible for addressing those issues, and how drift

reduction technologies can be used to gain approval for innovative methods through the variance

process.

The WPS rules are also referenced, in Division 2, General Industry, at OAR 437-002-0170; and in

Division 7, Forest Activities, at OAR 437-007-0010.

Pesticides, although a clear necessity in many workplaces, also represent varying levels of risks to

workers and others (depending on both the particular pesticide used and the circumstances of the

application). The Worker Protection Standard, taken as a whole, provides a number of important

protective measures to reduce those risks. However, the risk of unintended exposures due to

what is typically referred to as unintended “drift” can create exposure to workers outside the

intended application area. In the case of worker housing, that exposure can also involve the

workers’ family members. The provisions of this proposed rule – as was true of the original EPA

rule addressing AEZs – are intended to address that potential by providing an added measure of

protection against unintended and unanticipated exposures outside of the locations where

pesticides are intended to be applied. The AEZ surrounds and moves with spray equipment,

beyond the safeguards enforced with respect to the treated area, must be free of all people other

than appropriately trained and equipped pesticide handlers. The rule changes are expected to

lead to an overall reduction in incidents of unsafe pesticide exposure and to improve the

occupational health of agricultural workers and pesticide handlers.

Oregon OSHA held five hearings in multiple locations on these proposed rules. The division

received 938 written comments during the extended comment period and over 100 oral

comments at these hearings. These comments were vast and diverse, and all were considered by

Oregon OSHA before the division adopted the rules as filed. Oregon OSHA published a summary

of comments and agency decisions document on its website for viewing.

This is Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 2-2018, adopted June 29, 2018 and effective January

1, 2019.

Worker Protection Standard

2BDivision 4 AO 2-2018 Oregon Administrative Rules Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

List of Figures W - 76 List of Tables

List of Figures for Subdivision W

Figure 1 - Worker Protection Standard, Application Exclusion Zone Decision

Matrix

...................................................................................... 33

List of Tables for Subdivision W

Table 1 – Entry Restrictions During Enclosed Space Production Pesticide

Applications ............................................................................... 36

Table 2 - General guideline for minimum eye protection ................................ 54

Oregon Administrative Rules

Chapter 437

Division 4

Agriculture

Chemicals/Toxins

Subdivision

Administrative

Order 4-2022

In accordance with Oregon Revised Statutes (ORS) 654, The Oregon Safe Employment Act

(OSEAct), Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services, Occupational Safety and Health

Division (Oregon OSHA), adopted these rules.

The Secretary of State designated Oregon Administrative Rules Chapter 437 as the Oregon

Occupational Safety and Health Division Rules. Six subject areas are designated as “Divisions” of

these rules.

• Division 1 Administration of the Oregon Safe Employment Act

• Division 2 General Occupational Safety and Health Rules

• Division 3 Construction

• Division 4 Agriculture

• Division 5 Maritime Activities

• Division 7 Forest Activities

Oregon-initiated rules are numbered in a uniform system developed by the Secretary of State. This

system does not number the rules in sequence (001, 002, 003, etc.). Omitted numbers may be

assigned to new rules at the time of their adoption.

Oregon-initiated rules are arranged in the following codification structure prescribed by the

Secretary of State for Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR):

Chapter Division Subdivision Rule Section Paragraphs

437 002 N 0221 (1) (a)(A)(i)(I)

Cite as 437-002-0221(1)(a)

Many of the Oregon OSHA rules are adopted by reference from the Code of Federal Regulations

(CFR), and are arranged in the following federal numbering system:

Part Subpart Section Paragraphs

(Subdivision)

1910 N .176 (a)(1)(i)(A)(1)(i)

Cite as 1910.176(a)(1)

When both Federal and Oregon-initiated rules are in the same Division or Subdivision, the Oregon-

initiated rules are displayed in italics. The terms “subdivision” and “subpart” are synonymous within

OAR 437, Oregon Occupational Safety and Health rules.

These rules are available for viewing in the Office of the Secretary of State, Oregon State Archives

Building, Salem, Oregon.

These rules are available in electronic and printable formats at osha.oregon.gov.

Printed copies of these rules are available at:

Department of Consumer & Business Services

Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division (Oregon OSHA)

350 Winter St. NE

Salem, OR 97301-3882

Or call the Oregon OSHA Resource Library at 503-378-3272.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

Table of Contents

Z - iii

Table of Contents

437-004-9000 Oregon Rules for Air Contaminants ........................................................ 5

437-004-9010 Fumigated Areas ................................................................................... 32

437-004-9050 Asbestos ............................................................................................... 32

437-004-9090 13 Carcinogens ..................................................................................... 34

437-004-9600 Lead ...................................................................................................... 34

437-004-9620 Cadmium ............................................................................................... 35

437-004-9626 Chromium (VI) ....................................................................................... 35

437-004-9640 Benzene ................................................................................................ 36

437-004-9650 Bloodborne Pathogens .......................................................................... 37

437-004-9710 Acrylonitrile ........................................................................................... 38

437-004-9720 Thiram ................................................................................................... 38

437-004-9740 Ethylene Oxide ...................................................................................... 44

437-004-9760 Formaldehyde ....................................................................................... 44

437-004-9780 Methylenedianiline ................................................................................ 44

437-004-9791 Protection from Wildfire Smoke ............................................................. 45

Appendix A to 437-004-9791: Mandatory Workplace Guidance for the Use of Filtering

Facepiece Respirators to Address Wildfire Smoke ............................... 53

Appendix B to 437-004-9791: Information for Wildfire Smoke Protection.............................. 55

437-004-9800 Hazard Communication Standard for Agricultural Employers ............... 57

437-004-9830 Retention of Department of Transportation (DOT) Markings, Placards

and Labels ............................................................................................ 71

437-004-9850 Pipe Labeling ........................................................................................ 71

Appendix A to 437-004-9850 Pipe Labeling (Non-Mandatory) ............................................. 75

437-004-9860 Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories .................................................. 77

List of Tables for Division 4, Subdivision Z ............................................................................ 79

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Table of Contents

Z - iv

Table of Contents

Note: This note has been added after rule adoption (OAR 437-004-9791) for ease of

reference and awareness to readers. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

modified how it reports its Air Quality Index (AQI) in May 2024. This AQI scale update

does not affect how exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke is

measured and does not change how the Oregon OSHA rule functions. The AQI values

for mandatory respirator use referenced in this rule have not been revised to account

for the EPA's AQI update. Please refer to the technical guidance available at

https://osha.oregon.gov/OSHARules/interps/TG-2024-01.pdf for a crosswalk between

the former and current AQI scales. June 2024

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000

Z - 5

437-004-9000 (2)(a)

437-004-9000 Oregon Rules for Air Contaminants

An employee’s exposure to any substance in Oregon Tables Z-1, Z-2, or Z-3 of this section

must be limited in accordance with the requirements of the following paragraphs of this

section.

(1) Oregon Table Z-1

(a) Substances with limits preceded by “C” – ceiling values. An employee’s exposure

to any substance in Oregon Table Z-1, the exposure limit of which is not preceded

by a “C”, must at no time exceed the ceiling exposure limit given for that

substance. If instantaneous monitoring is not feasible, then assess the ceiling as a

15-minute time-weighted average. This exposure level must never be exceeded at

any time during the workday.

(b) Other substances — 8-hour time-weighted averages (PEL-TWA). An employee’s

exposure to any substance in Oregon Table Z-1, the exposure limit of which is not

preceded by a “C”, must not exceed the 8-hour Time-Weighted Average for that

substance in any 8-hour shift of a 40-hour work week.

than three times the PEL-TWA number for no more than a total of 30 minutes

during a workday, and must never be more than five times the PEL-TWA, provided

that the overall 8-hour PEL-TWA is not exceeded.

(d) Skin designation. To prevent or reduce skin absorption, you must prevent or

reduce an employee’s skin exposure to substances listed in Oregon Table Z-1 with

an “X” in the Skin designation column following the substance name. Prevent or

reduce exposure to the extent necessary in the circumstances through the use of

gloves, coveralls, goggles, or other appropriate personal protective equipment,

engineering controls or work practices.

(e) Oregon Table Z-1 in Division 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9000, has a complete list of

regulated substances. If your operation exposes an employee to a substances

listed in Oregon Table Z-1, and that substance includes a reference to another

rule, that rule may apply to your circumstances.

(2) Oregon Table Z-2. An employee’s exposure to any substance listed in Oregon Table Z-

2 must not exceed the following exposure limits:

(a) 8-hour time-weighted averages. An employee’s exposure to any substance in

Oregon Table Z-2, in any 8 hour work shift of a 40-hour work week, must not

exceed the 8-hour time-weighted average limit for that substance in Oregon Table

Z-2.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (2)(b)

Z - 6

437-004-9000 (3)

(b) Acceptable ceiling concentrations. An employee’s exposure to a substance in

Oregon Table Z-2 must not exceed the acceptable ceiling concentration for that

substance during an 8-hour shift except: Acceptable maximum peak above the

acceptable ceiling concentration for an 8-hour shift. An employee’s exposure to a

substance in Oregon Table Z-2 must never exceed the acceptable maximum peak

above the acceptable ceiling concentration and must not exceed the maximum

duration of exposure at that level for the substance during an 8-hour shift.

limited to an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 10 ppm. The acceptable

ceiling concentration of benzene during the 8-hour work shift is a maximum of 25

ppm, unless that exposure is no more than 50 ppm and for not longer than 10

minutes during an 8-hour work shift. Such exposures must be compensated by

lower exposure levels (concentrations below the TWA number – 10 ppm) during

that shift so that the overall 8 hour time-weighted average is a maximum of 10

ppm.

Example from Oregon Table Z-2

Substance

8-Hour

Time

Weighted

Average

Acceptable Ceiling

Concentration

Acceptable Max. Peak Above

the Acceptable Ceiling

Concentration for an 8-hour

Shift

Skin

Concentration

Maximum

Duration

Benzene (a)

(Z87.4-1969)

10 ppm

25 ppm

50 ppm

10 min.

Beryllium and

beryllium

2 μg/m3

5 μg/m3

25 μg/m3

30 min.

Carbon

tetrachloride

(Z37.19-1967)

10 ppm

25 ppm

200 ppm

5 min. In any 4

hour

(d) Skin designation. To prevent or reduce skin absorption, you must prevent or

reduce an employee’s skin exposure to substances listed in Oregon Table Z-2 with

an “X” in the Skin designation column following the substance name. Prevent or

reduce exposure to the extent necessary in the circumstances through the use of

gloves, coveralls, goggles, or other appropriate personal protective equipment,

engineering controls, or work practices.

(3) Oregon Table Z-3. An employee’s exposure to any substance in Oregon Table Z-3, in

any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week, must not exceed the 8-hour time-

weighted average limit given for that substance.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (4)

Z - 7

437-004-9000 (4)(b)(A)

(4) Computation formulae. The computation formulae that apply to exposures to one or

more substances, with 8-hour time-weighted averages included in OAR 437, Division

4/Z, Chemicals/Toxins, in order to determine whether an employee is exposed is over

the regulatory limit are as follow

(a) For a single air contaminant:

(A) Compute the cumulative exposure for an 8-hour work shift as follows:

E = (C

+ C

+ ...C

) ÷ 8

Where:

E is the equivalent exposure to that substance for the shift.

C is the concentration during any period T where the concentration

remains constant.

T is the duration in hours of the exposure at the concentration C.

The value of E must not exceed the 8-hour time-weighted average specified

for that substance in Subdivision 4/Z.

(B) To illustrate the formula in (4)(a)(i) above, assume that Substance A (from

Oregon Table Z-1) has an 8 hour time-weighted average limit of 100 ppm.

Assume that an employee is subject to the following exposure:

Two hours exposure at 150 ppm

Two hours exposure at 75 ppm

Four hours exposure at 50 ppm

Substituting this information in the formula, we have:

[(C

x T

) + (C

x T

) + ... (C

x T

)] ÷ 8 = E =TWA

[(2 x 150) + (2 x 75) + (4 x 50)] ÷ 8 = 81.25 ppm

Since 81.25 ppm is less than 100 ppm, the 8-hour time-weighted average

limit, the exposure is acceptable.

(b) For a mixture of air contaminants:

(A) In case of a mixture of air contaminants, compute the equivalent exposure as

follows:

= (C

÷ L

) + (C

÷ L

) + . . .(C

÷ L

)

Where:

is the equivalent exposure for the mixture.

is the concentration of a particular contaminant.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (4)(b)(A)

Z - 8

437-004-9000 (5)

is the exposure limit for that substance in Subdivision 4/Z.

The value of E

must not exceed “unity” (1).

(B) To illustrate the formula in (4)(b)(i) above, consider the following exposures:

Substance

Actual concentration of 8-

hour exposure (C

)

8-hour time-weighted average

exposure limit (L

)

500 ppm

1,000 ppm

45 ppm

200 ppm

40 ppm

200 ppm

Substituting in the formula, we have:

= (C

÷ L

) + (C

÷ L

) + . . .(C

÷ L

)

= (500 ÷ 1000) + (45 ÷ 200) + (40 ÷ 200)

= 0.500 + 0.225 + 0.200

= 0.925

Since E

(0.925) is less than unity (1), the exposure combination is within

acceptable limits.

(5) Engineering or administrative controls. To achieve compliance with the exposure limits

in paragraphs (1) through (4) of this section, first determine and implement, when

feasible, engineering or administrative controls. When such controls are not feasible,

mandate the use of protective equipment or any other protective measures to keep

exposure within the limits in this section. Any equipment or technical measures used for

this purpose must be approved for each particular use by a competent Industrial

Hygienist or other technically qualified person. Whenever using respirators, comply with

Division 4/I, OAR 437-004-1040, Respiratory Protection. Tables Z-1, Z-2, Z-3, and

notes.

Oregon Table Z-1 – Adopted Values (In Alphabetic Order)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Abate

3383-96-8

Acetaldehyde

75-07-0

100

180

Acetic Acid

64-19-7

Acetic anhydride

108-24-7

Acetone

67-64-1

1,000

2,400

Acetonitrile

75-05-8

2-Acetylaminoflourine

53-96-3

(See 437-004-

9090)

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 9

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Acetylene

74-86-2

1,000

Acetylene dichloride, see 1,2-

Dichloroethylene

Acetylene tetrabromide

79-27-6

Acrolein

107-02-8

0.1

0.25

Acrylamide

79-06-1

—

0.3

Acrylonitrile

107-13-1

(See 437-004-

9710)

Aldrin

309-00-2

—

0.25

Allyl alcohol

107-18-6

Allyl chloride

107-05-1

Allyn glycidyl ether (AGE)

106-92-3

Allyl propyl disulfide

2179-59-1

alpha Alumina

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1344-28-1

—

Aluminum Metal Dust

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

7429-90-5

—

Alundum (A1203)

4-Aminodiphenyl

92-67-1

(See 437-004-

9090)

2-Aminoethanol, see Ethanolamine

2-Aminopyridine

504-29-0

0.5

Ammonia

7664-41-7

Ammonium Chloride Fumes

12125-02-9

—

Ammonium sulfamate

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

7773-06-0

—

n-Amyl acetate

628-63-7

100

525

Sec-Amyl acetate

626-38-0

125

650

Aniline and homologs

62-53-3

Anisidine (o, p-isomers)

29191-52-4

0.5

Antimony & Compounds (as Sb)

7440-36-0

—

0.5

ANTU (alpha Naphthylthiourea)

86-88-4

—

0.3

Arsenic, Inorganic Compounds

(as As) (See 1910.1018)

7440-38-2

0.01

Arsenic, Organic Compounds (as As)

7440-38-2

—

.05

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 10

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Arsine

7784-42-1

0.05

0.2

Asbestos (See 437-004-9050)

Asphalt (petroleum) Fumes

8052-42-4

—

Azinphos-methyl

86-50-1

—

0.2

Barium (soluble compounds)

7440-39-3

—

0.5

Barium Sulfate

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

7727-43-7

—

Benomyl

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

17804-35-2

—

Benzene

See Table Z-2 for the limits applicable in

the operations or sectors excluded in

OAR 437-004-9640

(d)

71-43-2

(See 437-004-

9640)

Benzidine

92-87-5

(See 437-004-

9090)

p-Benzoquinone, see Quinone

Benzoyl Peroxide

94-36-0

—

Benzyl chloride

100-44-7

Beryllium and Beryllium compounds

7440-41-7

(see Table Z-2)

Biphenyl, see Diphenyl

Bismuth telluride (undoped)

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1304-82-1

—

Bismuth telluride (se-doped)

—

Bisphenol A, see Diglycidyl ether

Boron oxide

1303-86-2

—

Boron tribromide

10294-33-4

Boron trifluoride

7637-07-2

Bromine

7726-95-6

0.1

0.7

Bromine pentafluoride

7789-30-2

0.1

0.7

Bromoform

75-25-2

0,5

Butadiene (1,3-Butadiene) (See 1910.1051;

and 1910.19(1))

106-99-0

1 ppm/5 ppm

STEL

Butane

106-97-8

800

1,900

Butanethiol, see Butyl mercaptan

2-Butanone (Methyl Ethyl Ketone)

78-96-3

200

590

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 11

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

2-Butoxyethanol (Butyl cellosolve)

111-76-2

240

Butyl acetate (n-Butyl acetate)

123-86-4

150

710

sec-Butyl acetate

105-46-4

200

950

tert-Butyl acetate

540-88-5

200

950

n-Butyl alcohol

71-36-3

100

300

sec-Butyl alcohol

78-92-2

150

450

tert-Butyl alcohol

75-65-0

100

300

Butyl lactate

138-22-7

Butylamine

109-73-9

tert-Butyl chromate (as CrO3)

1189-85-1

(See 437-004-

9626)

n-Butyl glycidyl ether (BGE)

2426-08-6

270

Butyl mercaptan

109-79-5

0.5

1.5

p-tert-Butyltoluene

98-51-1

Cadmium dust and fume (as Cd)

7440-43-9

(See 437-004-

9620)

0.005

Calcium carbonate

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1317-65-3

—

Calcium hydroxide

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1305-62-0

—

Calcium oxide

1305-78-8

—

Calcium silicate

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1344-95-2

—

Calcium sulfate

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

7778-18-9

—

Camphor, synthetic

76-22-2

—

Caprolactam

(2-Oxonexa-methylenimine)

105-60-2

—

Carbaryl (Sevin®)

63-25-2

—

Carbon black

1333-86-4

—

3.5

Carbon dioxide

124-38-9

5,000

9,000

Carbon disulfide

75-15-0

(See Table Z-2)

Carbon monoxide

630-08-0

Carbon tetrachloride

56-23-5

(See Table Z-2)

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 12

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Cellulose

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

9006-34-6

—

Chlordane

57-74-9

—

0.5

Chlorinated camphene

8001-35-2

—

0.5

Chlorinated diphenyl oxide

55720-99-5

—

0.5

Chlorine

7782-50-5

Chlorine dioxide

10049-04-4

0.1

0.3

Chlorine trifluoride

7790-91-2

Chloroacetaldehyde

107-20-0

a-Chloroacetophenone (Phenacyl chloride)

532-27-4

0.05

0.3

Chlorobenzene

108-90-7

350

o-Chlorobenzylidene malononitrile

2698-41-1

0.05

0.4

Chlorobromomethane

74-97-5

200

1,050

2-Chloro-1, 3-butadiene, see beta-

Chloroprene

Chlorodiphenyl (42% Chlorine)

53469-21-9

—

Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine)

11097-69-1

—

0.5

1-Chloro, 2, 3-epoxypropane, see

Epichlorhydrin

2-Chloroethanol, see Ethylene chlorohydrin

Chloroethylene, see Vinyl Chloride

Chloroform (Trichloromethane)

67-66-3

bis-Chloromethyl ether

542-88-1

(See 437-004-

9090)

Chloromethyl methyl ether

107-30-2

(See 437-004-

9090)

1-Chloro-1-nitropropane

600-25-9

100

Chloropicrin

76-06-2

0.1

0.7

beta-Chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene)

126-99-8

2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1929-82-4

—

Chromic acid and chromates (as CrO3)

1333-82-0

(See Table Z-2)

Chromium (II) compounds (as Cr)

7440-47-3

—

0.5

Chromium (III) compounds (as Cr)

7440-47-3

—

0.5

Chromium (VI) compounds

(See 437-004-

9626)

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 13

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Chromium metal & insol. Salts (as Cr)

7440-47-3

—

Clopidol

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

2971-90-6

—

Coal Dust

(See Table Z-3)

Coal tar pitch volatiles (See 1910.1002)

(Benzene soluble fraction) anthracene,

BaP, phenanthrene, acridine,

chrysene, pyrene

65966-93-2

—

0.2

Cobalt metal, fume & dust

7440-48-4

—

0.1

Coke oven emissions (See 1910.1029)

Copper fume

Dusts and Mists

7440-50-8

—

0.1

Corundum (A1203)

1302-74-5

—

Cotton dust (See 1910.1043)

Cotton dust (raw)

—

(e)

Crag® herbicide (Sesone)

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

136-78-7

—

Cresol (all isomers)

1319-77-3

Crotonaldehyde

123-73-9/

4170-30-3

Cumene

98-82-8

245

Cyanides (as CN)

—

Cyanogen

460-19-5

—

Cyclohexane

110-82-7

300

1,050

Cyclohexanol

108-93-0

200

Cyclohexanone

108-94-1

200

Cyclohexene

110-83-8

300

1,015

Cyclopentadiene

542-92-7

200

2,4-D (Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)

94-75-7

—

DDT

50-29-3

—

DDVP, see Dichlorvos

Decaborane

17702-41-9

0.05

0.3

Demeton® (Systox)

8065-48-3

—

0.1

Diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-

pentanone)

123-42-2

240

1, 2-Diaminoethane, see Ethylenediamine

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 14

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Diazinon

333-41-5

—

0.1

Diazomethane

334-88-3

0.2

0.4

Diborane

19287-45-7

0.1

Dibrom®

300-76-5

—

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP)

(See 1910.1044)

96-12-8

0.001

1,2-Dibromoethane, see Ethylene

dibromide

2-N-Dibutylaminoethanol

102-81-8

Dibutyl phosphate

107-66-4

Dibutyl phthalate

84-74-2

—

Dichloroacetylene

7572-29-4

o-Dichlorobenzene

95-50-1

p-Dichlorobenzene

106-46-7

450

3,3-Dichlorobenzidine

91-94-1

(See 437-004-

9090)

Dichlorodifluoromethane

75-71-8

1,000

4,950

1,3-Dichloro-5, 5-dimethyl hydantoin

118-52-5

—

0.2

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)

50-29-3

—

1, 1-Dichloroethane

75-34-3

100

400

1, 2-Dichloroethane, see Ethylene

dichloride

1, 2-Dichlorethylene

540-59-0

200

790

Dichloroethyl Ether.

111-44-4

Dichloromethane, see Methylene chloride

Dichloromonofluoromethane

75-43-4

1,000

4,200

1, 1-Dichloro-1-nitroethane

594-72-9

1, 2-Dichloropropane, see Propylene

dichloride

Dichlorotetrafluoroethane

76-14-2

1,000

7,000

Dichlorvos (DDVP)

62-73-7

0.1

Dicyclohexylmethane 4,4’-diisocyanate

(hydrogenated MDI)

5124-30-1

See Table Z-2

Dicyclopentadienyl iron

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

102-54-5

—

Dieldrin

60-57-1

—

0.25

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 15

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Diethylamine

109-89-7

2-Diethylaminoethanol

100-37-8

Diethylene triamine

111-40-0

Diethylether, see Ethyl ether

Difluorodibromomethane

75-61-6

100

860

Diglycidyl ether (DGE)

2238-07-5

Dihydroxybenzene, see Hydroquinone

Diisobutyl ketone

108-83-8

150

Diisopropylamine

108-18-9

Dimethoxymethane, see Methylal

Dimethyl acetamide

127-19-5

Dimethylamine

124-40-3

4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene

60-11-7

(See 437-004-

9090)

Dimethylaminobenzene, see Xylidene

Dimethylaniline (N,N-Dimethy-laniline)

121-69-7

Dimethylbenzene, see Xylene

Dimethyl-1,2-dibromo-2, 2-dichloroethyl

phosphate

300-76-5

—

Dimethylformamide

68-12-2

2,6-Dimethylheptanone, see Diisobutyl

ketone

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

57-14-7

0.5

Dimethylphthalate

131-11-3

—

Dimethyl sulfate

77-78-1

Dinitrobenzene (all isomers)

(ortho)

(meta)

(para)

528-29-0

99-65-0

100-25-4

Dinitro-o-cresol

534-52-1

—

0.2

Dinitrotoluene

25321-14-6

—

1.5

Dioxane (Diethylene dioxide)

123-91-1

100

360

Diphenyl (Biphenyl)

92-52-4

0.2

Diphenylamine

122-39-4

—

Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI),

(See Table Z-2)

Dipropylene glycol methyl ether

34590-94-8

100

600

Diquat

231-36-7

—

0.5

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 16

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Di-sec, octyl phthalate (Di-2-ethyl-

hexylphthalate

117-81-7

—

Emery

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

12415-34-8

—

Endosulfan (Thiodan®)

115-29-7

—

0.1

Endrin

72-20-8

—

0.1

Epichlorohydrin

106-89-8

EPN

2104-64-5

—

0.5

1,2-Epoxypropane, see Propylene oxide

2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol, see Glycidol

Ethane

74-84-0

1,000

—

Ethanethiol, see Ethyl mercaptan

Ethanolamine

141-43-5

2-Ethoxyethanol (Cellosolve)

110-80-5

100

370

2-Ethoxyethylacetate (Cellosolve acetate)

111-15-9

100

540

Ethyl acetate

141-78-6

400

1,400

Ethyl acrylate

140-88-5

100

Ethyl alcohol (ethanol)

64-17-5

1,000

1,900

Ethylamine

75-04-7

Ethyl amyl ketone (5-methyl-3-heptanone)

541-85-5

130

Ethyl benzene

100-41-4

100

435

Ethyl bromide

74-96-4

200

890

Ethyl butyl ketone (3-Heptanone)

106-35-4

230

Ethyl chloride

75-00-3

1,000

2,600

Ethyl ether

60-29-7

400

1,200

Ethyl formate

109-94-4

100

300

Ethyl mercaptan

75-08-1

0.5

Ethyl silicate

78-10-4

100

850

Ethylene

74-85-1

1,000

—

Ethylene chlorohydrin

107-07-3

Ethylenediamine

107-15-3

Ethylene dibromide

106-93-4

(See Table Z-2)

Ethylene dichloride

107-06-2

(See Table Z-2)

Ethylene gylcol particulate

—

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 17

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Ethylene glycol, Vapor

107-21-1

100

260

Ethylene glycol dinitrate

628-96-6

Ethylene gylcol methyl acetate (Methyl

cellosolve acetate) (2-Methoxy-ethel

acetate)

110-49-6

120

Ethylenimine

151-56-4

(See 437-004-

9090)

Ethylene oxide

75-21-8

(See 437-004-

9740)

Ethylidine chloride, see 1, 1-Dichloroethane

N-Ethylmorpholine

100-74-3

Ferbam

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

14484-64-1

—

Ferrovanadium dust

12604-58-9

—

Fibrous glass, see Glass, Fibrous

Fluorides (As F)

—

(See Table Z-2)

Fluorine

7782-41-4

0.1

0.2

Fluorotrichloromethane

(Trichlorofluoromethane)

75-69-4

1,000

5,600

Formaldehyde

50-00-0

(See 437-004-

9760)

Formic acid

64-18-6

Furfural

98-01-1

Furfuryl alcohol

98-00-0

Gasoline

8006-61-9

(g)

Germanium tetrahydride

7782-65-2

0.2

0.6

Glass, Fibrous or dust

Glycerin (mist)

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

56-81-5

Glycidol

556-52-5

150

Glycol momoethyl ether, see 2-

Ethoxythanol

Grain dust (oat, wheat, barley)

Graphite natural, respirable

7782-42-5

(See Table Z-3)

Graphite (Synthetic)

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

7782-42-5

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 18

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Guthion®, see Azinphosmethyl

Gypsum

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

13397-24-5

—

Hafnium

7440-58-6

—

0.5

Heptachlor

76-44-8

—

0.5

Heptane (n-heptane)

142-82-5

500

2,000

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene

77-47-4

0.1

Hexachloroethane

67-72-1

Hexachloronaphthalene

1335-87-1

—

0.2

Hexafluoroacetone

684-16-2

0.1

0.7

Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)

822-06-0

(See Table Z-2)

1,6 Hexamethylene diisocyanate

Based Adduct

(See Table Z-2)

Hexane (n-hexane)

110-54-3

500

1,800

2-Hexanone

591-78-6

100

410

Hexone (Methyl isobutyl ketone)

108-10-1

100

410

sec-Hexyl acetate

108-84-9

300

Hydrazine

302-01-2

1.3

Hydrogen

1333-74-0

1,000

—

Hydrogen bromide

10035-10-6

Hydrogen chloride

7647-01-0

Hydrogen cyanide

74-90-8

Hydrogen fluoride (as F)

7664-39-3

(See Table Z-2)

Hydrogen peroxide

7722-84-1

1.4

Hydrogen selenide (as Se)

7783-07-5

0.05

0.2

Hydrogen sulfide

7783-06-4

(See Table Z-2)

Hydroquinone

123-31-9

—

Indene

95-13-6

Indium and compounds (as In)

7440-74-6

—

0.1

Iodine

7553-56-2

Iron oxide fume

1309-37-1

—

Iron pentacarbonyl

13463-40-6

0.1

0.23

Iron salts, soluble, as Fe

—

Isoamyl acetate

123-92-2

100

525

Isoamyl alcohol (primary and secondary)

123-51-3

100

360

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 19

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Isobutyl acetate

110-19-0

150

700

Isobutyl alcohol

78-83-1

100

300

Isophorone

78-59-1

Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)

4098-71-9

(See Table Z-2)

Isopropyl acetate

108-21-4

250

950

Isopropyl alcohol

67-63-0

400

980

Isopropylamine

75-31-0

Isopropyl ether

108-20-3

250

1,050

Isopropyl glycidyl ether (IGE)

4016-14-2

240

Kaolin

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1332-58-7

—

Ketene

463-51-4

0.5

0.9

Lead, inorganic (as Pb)

7439-92-1

(See 437-004-

9600)

0.05

Lead arsenate (See 1910.1018)

7784-40-9

0.01

Limestone

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1317-65-3

—

Lindane

58-89-9

—

0.5

Lithium hydride

7580-67-8

—

0.025

L.P.G. (Liquified petroleum gas)

68476-85-7

1,000

1,800

Magnesite

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

546-93-0

—

Magnesium oxide fume

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1309-48-4

—

Malathion

121-75-5

—

Maleic anhydride

108-31-6

0.25

Manganese Compounds and Fume (as

Mn)

7439-96-5

—

0.1

Marble

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1317-65-3

—

Mercury (aryl, inorganic, organo, and

vapor) (as Hg)

7439-97-6

(metal)

(See Table Z-2)

Mesityl oxide

141-79-7

100

Methane

74-82-8

1,000

—

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 20

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Methanethiol, see Methyl mercaptan

Methoxychlor

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

72-43-5

—

2-Methoxyethanol (Methyl Cellosolve)

109-86-4

2-Methoxyethyl acetate (Methyl cellosolve

acetate)

110-49-6

120

Methyl acetate

79-20-9

200

610

Methyl acetylene (propyne)

74-99-7

1,000

1,650

Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture

(MAPP)

1,000

1,800

Methyl acrylate

96-33-3

Methylacrylonitrile

126-98-7

Methylal (dimethoxymethane)

109-87-5

1,000

3,100

Methyl alcohol (methanol)

67-56-1

200

260

Methylamine

74-89-5

Methyl amyl alcohol, see Methyl isobutyl

carbinol

Methyl (n-amyl) ketone

110-43-0

100

465

Methyl bromide

74-83-9

Methyl butyl ketone, see 2-Hexanone

Methylcyclohexane

108-87-2

500

2,000

Methylcyclohexanol

25639-42-3

235

o-Methylcyclohexanone

583-60-8

230

2-Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese

tricarbonyl (as Mn)

12108-13-3

0.1

0.2

Methyl demeton

8022-00-2

—

0.5

Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), see 2-Butanone

Methyl formate

107-31-3

100

250

Methyl iodide

74-88-4

Methyl isoamyl ketone

110-12-3

100

475

Methyl isobutyl carbinol

108-11-2

100

Methyl isobutyl ketone, see Hexone

Methyl isocyanate

624-83-9

0.02

0.05

Methyl mercaptan

74-93-1

0.5

Methyl methacrylate

80-62-6

100

410

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 21

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Methyl parathion

298-00-0

—

0.2

Methyl propyl ketone, see 2-Pentanone

Methyl silicate

681-84-5

a-Methyl styrene

98-83-9

Methylene bisphenyl isocyanate (MDI)

101-68-8

(See Table Z-2 --

diisocyanates)

Methylenedianiline (MDA)

(See 437-004-

9780)

0.01

Methylene Chloride

75-09-2

Mineral Wool Fiber

—

MOCA [4,4’-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline)]

(See 437-002-0346)

101-14-4

Molybdenum

(soluble compounds)

(insoluble compounds)

7439-98-7

—

Monomethyl aniline

100-61-8

Monomethyl hydrazine

60-34-4

Morpholine

110-91-8

Naphtha (coal tar)

8030-30-6

100

400

Naphthalene

91-20-3

Naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI)

3173-72-6

(See Table Z-2)

alpha-Naphthylamine

134-32-7

(See 437-004-

9090)

beta-Naphthylamine

91-59-8

(See 437-004-

9090)

Nickel carbonyl (as Ni)

13463-39-3

0.001

0.007

Nickel, metal and insoluble compounds, as

7440-02-0

—

Nickel, soluble compounds, (as Ni)

7440-02-0

—

Nicotine

54-11-5

0.075

0.5

Nitric acid

7697-37-2

Nitric oxide

10102-43-9

p-Nitroaniline

100-01-6

Nitrobenzene

98-95-3

4-Nitrodiphenyl

92-93-3

(See 437-004-

9090)

p-Nitrochlorobenzene

100-00-5

—

Nitroethane

79-24-3

100

310

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 22

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Nitrogen dioxide

10102-44-0

Nitrogen trifluoride

7783-54-2

Nitroglycerin

55-63-0

Nitromethane

75-52-5

100

250

1-Nitropropane

108-03-2

2-Nitropropane

79-46-9

N-Nitrosodimethylamine

(See 437-004-

9090)

Nitrotoluene (all isomers)

88-72-2/

99-08-1/

99-99-0

Nitrotrichloromethane, see Chloropicrin

Nitrous oxide

10024-97-5

Octachloronaphthalene

2234-13-1

—

0.1

Octane

111-65-9

400

1,900

Oil mist (mineral)

8012-95-1

—

Oil mist, vapor

—

(g)

Osmium tetroxide (as Os)

20816-12-0

0.002

Oxalic acid

144-62-7

—

Oxygen difluoride

7783-41-7

0.05

0.1

Ozone

10028-15-6

0.1

0.2

Parafin wax fume

8002-74-2

—

Paraquat respirable dust

4685-14-7/

1910-42-5/

2074-50-2

—

0.5

Parathion

56-38-2

—

0.1

Particulates not otherwise regulated

(PNOR) (f)

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

—

Pentaborane

19624-22-7

0.005

0.01

Pentachloronaphthalene

1321-64-8

—

0.5

Pentachlorophenol

87-86-5

—

0.5

Pentaerythritol

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

115-77-5

—

Pentane

109-66-0

500

1,500

2-Pentanone (Methyl propyl ketone)

107-87-9

200

700

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 23

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene)

127-18-4

(See Table Z-2)

Perchloromethyl mercaptan

594-42-3

0.1

0.8

Perchloryl fluoride

7616-94-6

13.5

Perlite

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

93763-70-3

—

Petroleum distillates (naphtha) (Rubber

Solvent)

500

2,000 (g)

Phenol

108-95-2

Phenothiazine

92-84-2

—

p-Phenylene diamine

106-50-3

—

0.1

Phenyl ether (vapor)

101-84-8

Phenyl ether – diphenyl mixture (vapor)

8004-13-5

Phenylethylene, see Styrene

Phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE)

122-60-1

Phenylhydrazine

100-63-0

Phenylphosphine

638-21-1

Phosdrin (Mevinphos®)

7786-34-7

0.1

Phosgene (carbonyl chloride)

75-44-5

0.1

0.4

Phosphine

7803-51-2

0.3

0.4

Phosphoric acid

7664-38-2

—

Phosphorus (yellow)

7723-14-0

—

0.1

Phosphorus pentachloride

10026-13-8

—

Phosphorus pentasulfide

1314-80-3

—

Phosphorus trichloride

7719-12-2

0.5

Phthalic anhydride

85-44-9

Picloram

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1918-02-1

—

Picric acid

88-89-1

—

0.1

Pindone (2-Pivalyl-1, 3-indan-dione)

83-26-1

—

0.1

Plaster of Paris

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

26499-65-0

—

Platinum (Soluble Salts) as Pt

7440-06-4

—

0.002

Polychlorobiphenyls, see Chlorodiphenyls

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 24

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Portland Cement

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

65997-15-1

—

Propane

74-98-6

1,000

1,800

Beta-Propiolactone

57-57-8

(See 437-004-

9090)

Propargyl alcohol

107-19-7

—

n-Propyl acetate

109-60-4

200

840

n-Propyl alcohol

71-23-8

200

500

n-Propyl nitrate

627-13-4

110

Propylene dichloride

78-87-5

350

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether

107-98-2

100

360

Propylene imine

75-55-8

Propylene oxide

75-56-9

100

240

Propyne, see Methyl acetylene

Pyrethrum

8003-34-7

—

Pyridine

110-86-1

Quinone

106-51-4

0.1

0.4

RDX (Cyclonite)

121-82-4

—

1.5

Rhodium, Metal fume and dusts,

as Rh

Soluble salts

7440-16-6

—

0.1

0.001

Ronnel

299-84-3

—

Rosin core solder pyrolysis products

(as Formaldehyde)

—

0.1

Rotenone

83-79-4

—

Rouge

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

—

Selenium compounds (as Se)

7782-49-2

—

0.2

Selenium hexafluoride (as Se)

7783-79-1

0.05

0.4

Silica

(See Table Z-3)

Silicon

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

7440-21-3

—

Silicon carbide

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

409-21-2

—

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 25

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Silver, metal and soluble compounds

(as Ag)

7440-22-4

—

0.01

Sodium fluoroacetate

62-74-8

—

0.05

Sodium hydroxide

1310-73-2

—

Starch

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

9005-25-8

—

Stibine

7803-52-3

0.1

0.5

Stoddard solvent

8052-41-3

200

1,150

Strychnine

57-24-9

—

0.15

Styrene

100-42-5

(See Table Z-2)

Subtilisins (Proteolytic enzymes) (as

100% pure crystalline enzyme)

1395-21-7

—

Sucrose

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

57-50-1

—

Sulfur dioxide

7446-09-5

Sulfur hexafluoride

2551-62-4

1,000

6,000

Sulfuric acid

7664-93-9

—

Sulfur monochloride

10025-67-9

Sulfur pentafluoride

5714-22-7

0.025

0.25

Sulfur tetrafluoride

7783-60-0

0.1

0.4

Sulfuryl fluoride

2699-79-8

Systox, see Demeton®

2, 4, 5-T

93-76-5

—

Tantalum, metal and oxide dust

7440-25-7

—

TEDP (Sulfotepp)

3689-24-5

—

0.2

Tellurium and compounds (as Te)

13494-80-9

—

0.1

Tellurium hexafluoride (as Te)

7783-80-4

0.02

0.2

Temephos

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

3383-96-8

—

TEPP (Tetraethyl pyrophosphate)

107-49-3

0.004

0.05

Terphenyls

26140-60-3

1, 1, 1, 2-Tetrachloro-2, 2-difluoro-ethane

76-11-9

500

4,170

1, 1, 2, 2-Tetrachloro-1, 2-difluoro-ethane

76-12-0

500

4,170

1, 1, 2, 2-Tetrachloroethane

79-34-5

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 26

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Tetrachloroethylene, see Perchloroethylene

Tetrachloronaphthalene

1335-88-2

—

Tetrachloromethane, see Carbon

tetrachloride

Tetraethyl lead (as Pb)

78-0-2

—

.075

Tetrahydrofuran

109-99-9

200

590

Tetramethyl lead (as Pb)

75-74-1

—

0.075

Tetramethyl succinonitrile

3333-52-6

0.5

Tetranitromethane

509-14-8

Tetryl (2, 4, 6-trinitro-phenyl-

methylnitramine)

479-45-8

—

1.5

Thallium (soluble compounds) as TI

7440-28-0

—

0.1

4,4’-Thiobis (6-tert, Butyl-m-cresol)

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

96-69-5

—

Thiram

137-26-8

(See 437-004-

9720)

Tin (inorganic compounds, except oxides)

as Sn

7440-31-5

—

Tin (organic compounds)

7440-31-5

—

0.1

Tin oxide

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1332-29-2

—

Titanium dioxide

13463-67-7

—

Toluene (toluol)

108-88-3

(See Table Z-2)

Toluene diisocyanate (TDI),

584-84-9

(See Table Z-2)

o-Toluidine

95-53-4

Toxaphene, see Chlorinated camphene

Tributyl phosphate

126-73-8

—

1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane, see Methyl

chloroform

1, 1, 2-Trichloroethane

79-00-5

Trichloroethylene

79-01-6

(See Table Z-2)

Trichloromethane, see Chloroform

Trichloronaphthalene

1321-65-9

—

1, 2, 3-Trichloropropane

96-18-4

300

1, 1, 2-Trichloro 1, 2, 2-trifluoro-ethane

76-13-1

1,000

7,600

Triethylamine

121-44-8

100

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 27

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Trifluorobromomethane

75-63-8

1,000

6,100

Trimethyl benzene

25551-13-7

120

2, 4, 6-Trinitrophenol, see Picric acid

2, 4, 6-Trinitrophenylmethyl-nitramine, see

Tetryl

Trinitrotoluene (TNT)

118-96-7

1.5

Triorthocresyl phosphate

78-30-8

—

0.1

Triphenyl phosphate

115-86-6

—

Tungsten & compounds, as W

Soluble

Insoluble

7440-33-7

—

Turpentine

8006-64-2

100

560

Uranium (as U)

Soluble compounds

Insoluble compounds

7440-61-1

—

0.05

0.2

Vanadium respirable dust

(as V2O5)

Fume (as V2O5)

1314-62-1

—

Vegetable oil mist

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

—

Vinyl acetate

108-05-4

Vinyl benzene, see Styrene

Vinyl bromide

593-60-2

250

1,100

Vinyl chloride

(See 1910.1017)

75-01-4

Vinyl cyanide, see Acrylonitrile

Vinyl toluene

25013-15-4

100

480

Warfarin

81-81-2

—

0.1

Wood Dust (non-allergenic)

—

Xylene (o-, m-, p-isomers)

1330-20-7

100

435

Xylidine

1300-73-8

Yttrium

7440-65-5

—

Zinc chloride fume

7646-85-7

—

Zinc oxide

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

1314-13-2

—

Zinc oxide fume

1314-13-2

—

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 28

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

CAS No.

(c)

Ppm

(a)

Mg/m

3(b)

Skin

Zinc stearate

Total Dust

Respirable Fraction

557-05-1

—

Zirconium compounds (as Zr)

7440-67-7

Note: Bold print identifies substances for which the Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are different

than the federal Limits.

Note: PNOR means “particles not otherwise regulated.”

Table Z-1 Footnotes:

(a)

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

(b)

Milligrams of substance per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is

exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

(c)

The CAS number is for information only. Enforcement is based on the substance name. For an

entry covering more than one metal compound, measured as the metal, the CAS number for the

metal is given - not CAS numbers for the individual compounds.

(d)

The benzene standard in 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9640 applies to all occupational exposures to benzene

except in some circumstances the distribution and sale of fuels, sealed containers and pipelines,

coke production, oil and gas drilling and production, natural gas processing, and the percentage

exclusion for liquid mixtures; for the excepted subsegments, the benzene limits in Table Z 2 apply.

See 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9640 for specific circumstances.

(e)

All inert or nuisance dusts, whether mineral, inorganic, or organic, not listed specifically by sub-

stance name are covered by the Particulates Not Otherwise Regulated (PNOR) limit that is the

same as the inert or nuisance dust limit of Table Z 3.

(f)

Usually a mixture, in general the aromatic hydrocarbon content will determine which TWA applies.

(g)

If the exposure limit in 1910.1026 is stayed or is otherwise not in effect, the exposure limit is a

ceiling of 0.1 mg/m3.

(h)

See Table Z-2 for the exposure limit for any operations or sectors where the exposure limit in

1910.1026 is stayed or is otherwise not in effect.

Oregon Table Z-2 – Adopted Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)

Substance

8-Hour Time-

Weighted

Average

Acceptable

Ceiling Con-

centration

Acceptable Max. Peak

Above the Acceptable

Ceiling Concentration for

an 8-Hour Shift

Skin

Concentrat

ion

Maximum

Duration

Benzene

(a)

(Z87.4-1969)

10 ppm

25 ppm

50 ppm

10 min.

Beryllium, and beryllium compounds

(Z37.29-1970)

2 µg/m

5 µg/m

25 µg/m

30 min.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 29

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

8-Hour Time-

Weighted

Average

Acceptable

Ceiling Con-

centration

Acceptable Max. Peak

Above the Acceptable

Ceiling Concentration for

an 8-Hour Shift

Skin

Concentrat

ion

Maximum

Duration

Cadmium fume

(b)

(Z37.5-1970)

0.1 mg/m

0.3 mg/m

Cadmium dust

(b)

(Z37.5-1970)

0.2 mg/m

0.6 mg/m

Carbon disulfide (Z37.3-1968)

20 ppm

30 ppm

100 ppm

30 min.

Carbon tetrachloride (Z37.17-1967)

10 ppm

25 ppm

200 ppm

5 min. in any

4 hrs

Chromic acid and chromates

(Z37.7-1971) (as CrO

0.1 mg/m

Ethylene dibromide (Z37.31-1970)

20 ppm

25 ppm

50 ppm

5 min.

Ethylene dichloride (Z37.21-1969)

50 ppm

100 ppm

200 ppm

5 min. in any

3 hrs

Fluoride as dust (Z37.28-1969)

2.5 mg/m

Formaldehyde (see 1910.1048)

Hydrogen fluoride (Z37.28-1969)

3 ppm

Hydrogen sulfide (Z37.2-1966)

20 ppm

50 ppm

10 min.

once, only if

no other

measurable

exposure

occurs

Mercury (Z37.8-1971)

0.05 mg/m

0.1 mg/m

Methyl chloride (Z37.18-1969)

100 ppm

200 ppm

300 ppm

5 min. in any

3 hrs

Organo (alkyl) mercury

(Z37.30-1969)

0.001 mg/m

0.01 mg/m

Styrene (Z37.15-1969)

100 ppm

200 ppm

600 ppm

5 min. in any

3 hrs.

Tetrachloroethylene (Z37.22-1967)

100 ppm

200 ppm

300 ppm

5 min. in any

3 hrs.

Toluene (Z37.12-1967)

100 ppm

300 ppm

500 ppm

10 min.

Trichloroethylene (Z37.19-1967)

100 ppm

200 ppm

300 ppm

5 min. in any

2 hrs.

Diisocyanates

Dicyclohexylmethane 4,4’-

diisocyanate (hydrogenated MDI)

.055 mg/m

.005 ppm

0.210 mg/m

0.02 ppm

Diphenylmethane diisocyanate

(MDI)

.050 mg/m

.005 ppm

0.200 mg/m

0.02 ppm

Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)

.035 mg/m

.005 ppm

0.140 mg/m

0.02 ppm

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 30

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

8-Hour Time-

Weighted

Average

Acceptable

Ceiling Con-

centration

Acceptable Max. Peak

Above the Acceptable

Ceiling Concentration for

an 8-Hour Shift

Skin

Concentrat

ion

Maximum

Duration

1,6 Hexamethylene diisocyanated

Based Adduct (includes HDI-

Biuret trimer, and other polymeric

forms of HDI, including

isocyanurates)

0.5 mg/m

1.0 mg/m

Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)

.045 mg/m

.005 ppm

0.180 mg/m

0.02 ppm

Napthalene diisocyanate (NDI)

.040 mg/m

.005 ppm

0.170 mg/m

0.02 ppm

Note: Bold print identifies substances for which the Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) are

different than the federal limits.

Table Z-2 Footnotes:

(a) This standard applies to the industry segments exempt from the 1 ppm 8-hour TWA and 5 ppm

STEL of the Benzene Standard, 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9640.

(b) This standard applies to any operations on sectors for which the Cadmium Standard, 4/Z, OAR

437-004-9620, is stayed or otherwise not in effect.

standard, 1910.1026, is stayed or is otherwise not in effect.

Oregon Table Z-2 – Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL-TWA) for MINERAL DUSTS

Substance

mppcf (

)

mg/m

Silica:

Crystalline

0.1

(e)

Quartz (respirable)

Quartz (total dust)

/30

+SiO

mmg

Cristobalite (Respirable)

0.05

Tridymite: Use 1/2 the value calculated from the

formulae for quartz.

Amorphous, including natural diatomaceous earth

/80

SiO

mmg

Silicates (less than 1 percent crystalline silica):

Mica

Soapstone

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9000 (5)

Z - 31

437-004-9000 (5)

Substance

mppcf (

)

mg/m

Talc (not containing asbestos)

(c)

Talc (containing asbestos) Use asbestos limit.

Tremolite, asbestiform (see OAR 437-004-9050,

Asbestos)

Portland cement

Graphite (Natural)

Coal Dust:

Respirable fraction less than 5% SiO

2.4

(e) (f)

Coal Dust:

Respirable fraction greater than 5% SiO

0.1

(e)

Inert or Nuisance Dust (PNOR):

(d)

Respirable fraction

Total dust

Note: Bold print identifies substances for which the Oregon Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL-

TWAs) are different than the federal limits.

Conversion factors: mppcf x 35.3 = million particles per cubic meter = particles per c.c.

Table Z-3 Footnotes:

(a)

Millions of particles per cubic foot of air, based on impinger samples counted by light field

techniques.

(b)

The percentage of crystalline silica in the formula is the amount determined from airborne samples,

except in those instances in which other methods are applicable.

(c)

Containing less than 1 percent quartz; if 1 percent quartz or more, use quartz limit.

(d)

All inert or nuisance dusts, whether mineral, inorganic, or organic, not listed specifically by sub-

stance name are covered by this limit, which is the same as the Particulates Not Otherwise

Regulated (PNOR) limit in Table Z-1.

(e)

Calculate both concentration and percent quartz for the application of this limit from the fraction

passing a size-selector with the following characteristics.

(f)

The measurements under this note refer to the use of an AEC (now NRC) instrument. If the

respirable fraction of coal dust is determined with a MRE the figure corresponding to that of 2.4

mg/m

in the table for coal dust is 4.5 mg/m

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2), 654.035 and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2001, filed 2/5/01, effective 2/5/01.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 9-2001, filed 9/14/01, effective 9/14/01.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 6-2006, filed 8/30/06, effective 8/30/06.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 11-2021, filed 9/1/21, effective 9/1/22

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9010

Z - 32

437-004-9050

437-004-9010 Fumigated Areas

(1) Scope: Covers pesticides which when applied, forms a gas to control pests.

(2) Definitions:

(a) Types of fumigants include aluminum phosphide, methyl bromide, chloropicrin,

1,3-D (Telone), dazomet, metam sodium and iodomethane.

(b) Types of fumigations include soil, space (warehouse), vertical storage, flat

storage, tarpaulin, spot (includes grain handling equipment, empty tanks and

empty silos), chamber, vehicle and rodent burrows.

(3) All work with fumigants must follow the instructions and precautions in the

manufacturer’s application manual and on the product label and MSDS.

(4) All entry points into fumigated interior areas must have signs that identify the area as

fumigated and prohibit entry.

(5) Leave the signs posted according to the instructions of the manufacturer of the

fumigating chemical or until the hazard resulting from the fumigation is gone, whichever

is the longer time.

(6) After fumigation, there must be a way to aerate the fumigated area without

contaminating other areas where there are employees.

(7) If the fumigation process requires the worker to be in the fumigated area, there must be

at least one other person present to assist during an emergency. That person must

have the same training and access to the same personal protective equipment as the

first worker.

(8) Fumigation chambers or areas must not allow the toxic fumigants to escape or

otherwise enter other areas where they can be hazardous to other workers.

(9) If the fumigant concentration can exceed 10 percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL),

all electrical equipment, fittings, and connections must be vapor proof.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 9-2006, filed 9/22/06,effective 9/22/06.

437-004-9050 Asbestos

Definitions:

Asbestos includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite asbestos, anthophyllite

asbestos, actinolite asbestos and any of these minerals that have been chemically

treated or altered.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9050

Z - 33

437-004-9050 (4)

Asbestos-containing material (ACM) means any material containing more than 1%

asbestos.

Presumed asbestos containing material (PACM) means thermal system insulation and

surfacing material found in buildings constructed no later than 1980. The designation of

a material as “PACM” may be rebutted pursuant to Division 2/Z, 1910.1001(j)(8).

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to asbestos.

(2) Work that exposes employees to asbestos must comply with Division 4/Z, 1910.1001,

Asbestos; except that construction activities exposing employees to asbestos must

comply with Division 3/Z, 1926.1101, Asbestos.

Note: Construction activities are building, altering and repairing, and include painting.

(3) The employer must periodically examine all asbestos-containing material in the

workplace to ensure that there is no deterioration or damage that could cause employee

exposure.

(4) If you find damage or deterioration, the material must be repaired, encapsulated, or

removed consistent with the requirements in Division 3/Z, 1926.1101, Asbestos.

Notes: Tasks or work activities that could expose employees to asbestos include the following:

• Housekeeping or maintenance activities on workplace surfaces or systems with asbestos

containing materials (examples include flooring, ceiling tiles, roofing, siding, boilers, heaters,

insulation, and fireproofing);

• Inspection, disassembly, repair and assembly of automotive or farm vehicle brakes and

clutches;

• Demolition or salvage of structures where asbestos-containing materials are present;

• New construction, alteration, or renovation of structures, substrates, or portions thereof with

asbestos-containing materials; and,

• Routine or emergency cleanup of asbestos-containing materials.

Employers who have pipe systems that are insulated with asbestos-containing materials in

their workplaces, must also comply with Division 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9850, Pipe Labeling.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9090

Z - 34

437-004-9600 (2)

437-004-9090 13 Carcinogens

Definitions:

The 13 carcinogens are:

4-Nitrobiphenyl, CAS 92-93-3;

alpha-Naphthylamine, CAS 134-32-7;

Methyl chloromethyl ether, CAS 107-30-2;

3,3-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts), CAS 91-94-1;

bis-Chloromethyl ether, CAS 542-88-1;

beta-Naphthylamine, CAS 91-59-8;

Benzidine, CAS 92-87-5;

4-Aminodiphenyl, CAS 92-67-1;

Ethyleneimine, CAS 151-56-4;

beta-Propiolactone, CAS 57-57-8;

2-Acetylaminoflourene, CAS 53-96-3;

4-Dimethylaminoazo-benzene, CAS 60-11-7; and

N-Nitrosodimethylamine, CAS 62-75-9.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in potential exposure to any of the 13 carcinogens.

(2) Work that exposes employees to any of the 13 carcinogens must comply with Division

2/Z, 1910.1003, 13 Carcinogens.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Admin. Order 4-1998, f/8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Admin. Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9600 Lead

Definition:

Lead means elemental, metallic lead (chemical formula Pb), all inorganic lead

compounds, and organic lead soaps. All other organic lead compounds are

excluded.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to lead.

(2) Work that exposes employees to lead must comply with Division 2/Z, 1910.1025, Lead;

except that construction activities exposing employees to lead must comply with

Division 3/D, 1926.62, Lead.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9600 (2)

Z - 35

437-004-9626

Notes:

Construction activities are building, altering and repairing and include painting.

Tasks or work activities that could expose employees to lead include:

• Demolition or salvage of structures where lead-containing materials are present;

• New construction, alteration, or renovation of structures, substrates, or portions thereof with

lead-containing materials;

• Routine or emergency cleanup of lead-containing materials;

• Using lead-containing paints or pigments;

• Cutting, brazing, burning, heating, grinding or welding surfaces with lead-containing paints or

pigments; and

• Soldering with lead-containing solder.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 9-2006, filed 9/22/06,effective 9/22/06.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9620 Cadmium

Definition:

Cadmium means the element cadmium (Cd) and all cadmium compounds.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to cadmium.

(2) Work that exposes employees to cadmium must comply with Division 2/Z 1910.1027,

Cadmium; except that construction activities exposing employees to cadmium must

comply with Division 3/Z, 1926.1127, Cadmium.

Note: Construction activities are building, altering, and repairing and include painting.

Statutes Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9626 Chromium (VI)

Definition:

Chromium (VI) [hexavalent chromium or Cr(VI)] means chromium with a valence of

positive six, in any form and in any compound.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9626 (1)

Z - 36

437-004-9640 (3)

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to hexavalent chromium.

(2) Work that exposes employees to hexavalent chromium must comply with Division 2/Z

1910.1026, Chromium (VI); except that construction activities exposing employees to

hexavalent chromium must comply with Division 3/Z, 1926.1126, Chromium (VI).

Note: Construction activities are building, altering and repairing and include painting.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9640 Benzene

Definition:

Benzene (Chemical formula C6H6, CAS 71-43-2) means liquefied or gaseous benzene and

includes benzene in liquid mixtures and benzene vapors released by these liquids. It

does not include trace amounts of unreacted benzene in solid materials.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to benzene.

(2) Tasks or activities within the scope of the Division 2, Benzene rule must comply with

Division 2/Z, 1910.1028, Benzene.

(3) Tasks or activities that are not within the scope of the Division 2, Benzene rule must

comply with the permissible exposure limits listed in Division 4/Z, OAR 437-004-9000,

Table Z-2.

Notes: An example of a task or activity that is within the scope of the Division 2, Benzene rule is an

employee dispensing gasoline or motor fuels containing benzene for more than 4 hours per day

in an indoor location.

Examples of task or activities that are NOT within the scope of the Division 2, Benzene rule include:

• The storage, transportation, distribution, dispensing, sale or use of gasoline, motor fuels, or

other fuels containing benzene after final discharge from bulk wholesale storage facilities.

• The storage, transportation, distribution or sale of benzene or liquid mixtures containing more

than 0.1 percent benzene in intact containers while sealed in a way to contain benzene vapors

or liquid.

Statutes Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9650

Z - 37

437-004-9650 (2)

437-004-9650 Bloodborne Pathogens

Definitions:

Blood means human blood, human blood components and products made from human

blood.

Bloodborne Pathogens means pathogenic micro-organisms that are present in human

blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not

limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Contaminated means the presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or

other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface.

Occupational exposure means reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane,

or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may

result from the performance of an employee’s duties.

Other Potentially Infectious Materials means:

Human body fluids with visible contamination of blood, and all body fluids in

situations where it is difficult or impossible to differentiate between body fluids;

Any unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a human (living or dead);

and

HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures, organ cultures, and HIV- or HBV-containing

culture medium or other solutions; and blood, organs, or other tissues from

experimental animals infected with HIV or HBV.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in an occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

(2) Work that exposes employees to bloodborne pathogens must comply with Division 2/Z,

1910.1030, Bloodborne Pathogens.

Note: Examples of tasks or work activities with a potential for occupational exposures to bloodborne

pathogens in agricultural workplaces include:

• Employees performing janitorial duties that include cleaning up human blood or OPIM;

• Employees who are required, as part of their job duties, to administer first aid to others that

could include contact with another person’s blood or OPIM.

Statutes Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9710

Z - 38

437-004-9720 (1)(b)

437-004-9710 Acrylonitrile

Definition.

Acrylonitrile or “AN” (Chemical formula CH2=CHCN, CAS 107-13-1) means

acrylonitrile monomer and includes Liquid AN.

Liquid AN means acrylonitrile monomer in liquid form, and liquid or semi-liquid polymer

intermediates, including slurries, suspensions, emulsions, and solutions, made

during the polymerization of AN.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to acrylonitrile.

(2) Work that exposes employees to acrylonitrile must comply with Division 2/Z, 1910.1045,

Acrylonitrile.

Note: The Division 2 Acrylonitrile rule does not apply to exposures which result solely from the

processing, use, and handling of the following materials:

• ABS resins, SAN resins, nitrile barrier resins, solid nitrile elastomers, and acrylic and

modacrylic fibers, when these listed materials are in the form of finished polymers, and

products fabricated from such finished polymers;

• Materials made from and/or containing AN for which objective data is reasonably relied upon

to demonstrate that the material is not capable – under the expected conditions of processing,

use, and handling which will cause the greatest possible release – of releasing AN in airborne

concentrations in excess of 1 ppm as an 8-hour time-weighted average, or

• Solid materials made from and/or containing AN which will not be heated above 170 degrees

F. during handling, use, or processing.

Statutes Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9720 Thiram

(1) Scope and application.

(a) These rules apply where worker exposure to thiram may occur during

manufacture, storage, packaging, tree application, treated seedling handling, or

use of thiram or thiram treated seedlings.

(b) These rules apply to the transportation of thiram or thiram treated trees except to

the extent that the U. S. Department of Transportation may regulate the hazards

covered by these rules.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9720 (2)

Z - 39

437-004-9720 (3)(c)(D)

(2) Definitions.

Clean – The absence of dirt or materials that may be harmful to a worker’s health.

Large seedlings – Seedlings long enough or wide enough that during normal planting

avoiding mouth of face contact with the thiram treated plant is difficult.

(3) General requirements.

(a) Permissible exposure limits.

(A) Do not expose workers to thiram at atmospheric concentrations more than

0.15 mg/m3 over any 8-hour period; and

(B) Do not expose workers to thiram at atmospheric concentrations more than

0.30 mg/m3 averaged over any period not longer than 15 minutes.

thiram or thiram treated seedlings.

(D) Paragraph (3)(a)(C) above is not applicable if there is a specific thiram

control program, beyond these rules and approved by the Administrator.

(b) Washing and worker hygiene.

(A) Workers must wash their hands before eating or smoking and when done

working.

(B) At fixed work sites or planting units, provide warm (at least 85 degrees F,

29.4 degrees C) wash water and single use hand wiping materials for

washing.

15 minutes travel time, provide clean water, soap and single-use towels.

(D) Advise every planter or nursery worker to bathe or shower daily.

(E) Wash or vacuum and wipe down the inside of crummies or other worker

carrying vehicles at least weekly during thiram use.

(A) Workers must wear clothing that reduces skin contact with thiram on the

legs, arms and torso.

(B) For those workers with thiram skin irritations, protect exposed areas with a

suitable barrier cream.

(D) Workers’ hands must be clean of thiram before placing them into gloves.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9720 (3)(d)(E)

Z - 40

437-004-9720 (3)(f)

(E) Provide nursery applicators with approved respirators, disposable coveralls

or rubber slickers or other impervious clothing, rubberized boots, head

covers and rubberized gloves. They must use the respirators according to

4/I, OAR 437-004-1040, Respiratory Protection.

(F) Other than applicators, nursery workers who may suffer thiram exposure

must have and use disposable coveralls or rubber slickers or other

impervious clothing, impervious footwear and gloves, and head covers

unless they use showers that comply with 4/J, OAR 437-004-1105,

Sanitation.

(G) Provide eye protection that complies with 4/I, OAR 437-004-1035. Workers

exposed to thiram such as during spraying, plug bundling, belt line grading

and plugging or other operations must wear this eye protection.

(d) Respiratory protection.

(A) When worker exposure is more than the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL),

provide them with applicable, certified respiratory protection approved by

NIOSH.

(B) Use and maintain respirators according to 4/I, OAR 437-004-1041,

Respiratory Protection.

and face contact with the thiram treated plant unless they use equally

effective measures or planting practices.

(e) Food handling.

(A) Do not store or consume food, snacks, beverages, smoking materials, or any

similar items in the packing area of the nursery.

(B) Crummies or other worker carrying vehicles must have a clean area for

carrying lunches.

carry other than food or other consumable items.

(D) Do not carry lunches, food or other consumable items in tree planting bags.

(E) Minimize or eliminate worker exposure to thiram spray, including downwind

driftings.

(F) Workers must stand upwind when burning bags that contained thiram or

thiram treated seedlings.

(f) Thiram use and handling.

Chemicals/Toxins

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Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9720 (3)(f)(A)

Z - 41

437-004-9720 (3)(g)(B)

(A) Nurseries must develop a quality control program approved by the

Administrator to ensure that they apply only the minimum amount of thiram

necessary to achieve the desired anti-browsing results to the tree seedlings.

(B) Thiram treated seedlings must set between the time of spraying and packing.

(D) Vacuum or wash floors daily where thiram is used, do not sweep them.

(E) Remove silica chips covering seedling plugs at the nursery.

(g) Labeling.

(A) Rules enforced by the Oregon Department of Agriculture, or the U.S.

Environ- mental Protection Agency (EPA), about the labeling of thiram

treated seedlings, apply.

(B) If the Oregon Department of Agriculture, or EPA, has no thiram labeling

rules, each container, bundle or wrapping of thiram treated seedlings must

have a clearly legible and visible tag or label, of waterproof material and

printing, on which is the following in English and Spanish:

CAUTION

These seedlings are treated with an animal repellent containing

Thiram (tetra- methyl thiuram disulfide) that may flake off during

handling. Consumption of alcoholic beverages or use of alcohol-

base creams or lotions during a time span from 12 hours before to

7 days after exposure to Thiram may result in nausea, headache,

vomiting, fatigue, or flushness. Exposure to Thiram may also

cause irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, or skin.

Thiram may interfere with or render ineffective medications taken

by epileptics or heart patients with blood-clotting difficulties.

Animal studies at very high concentrations (more than 250 mg/kg)

suggest that Thiram may cause birth defects.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9720 (3)(g)(B)

Z - 42

437-004-9720 (3)(g)(B)

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. Keep treated seedlings moist.

2. Wear clothing to reduce skin contact with Thiram to the legs,

arms and torso.

3. A fiber or cloth face mask (respirator) may be worn at the

planter’s discretion, except that when planting large seedlings,

you must wear a respirator to avoid mouth and face contact

with thiram treated plants, unless you use equally effective

measures

4. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly after handling treated

seedlings and before smoking, drinking, eating or going to the

bathroom.

5. If Thiram flakes contact eyes, immediately flush eyes freely with

water.

6. Bathe daily and change work clothes at least every other day.

PRECAUCION

Estas plantas han sido tratadas con un replente contra animales

que tiene la substacia Thiram (tetramethyl thiuram disulfide) que

puede desaparecer en manoseo. La consuncion de bebidas

alcoholicas o el uso de cremas o lociones con base de alcohol

dentro de 12 horas antes de ser expuesto o hasta 7 dias despues

de ser expuesto a Thiram puede resultar en sintomas de nausea,

dolor de cabeza, vomito, faiga o rubor. Contacto con Thiram

puede causar irritacion de los ojos, nariz, garganta o piel.

Thiram puede interferir o desvalidar en completa las medicinas de

los epilepticos o personas con condiciones de la corazon con

dificultades de coagulacion de la sangre. Estudios con animals

en concentraciones muy altas (mas que 250 mg/ kg) indican que

Thiram puede causar desformaciones fetales. Sin que cuando se

sembra plantas de semillas grandes macaras estaran requerido a

evitar contacto con la boca y la cara con plantas tratado con

Thiram excepto cuando otros metodos igualmente efecaz estarah

usados.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9720 (3)(g)(B)

Z - 43

437-004-9720 (3)(h)(D)

MEDIAS DE PRECAUCION

1. Guardar mojados las platas siempre.

2. El trabajador necesita usar ropa para reducir el contacto de

Thiram con las piernas, brazos, y el torso.

3. Una máscara de fibre o garra (mascara) se puede usar a la

discrecion del plantador.

4. Lavese bien los parten expuestos cuando trate los semillos

antes de fumar, tomar, comer e ir al bano.

5. Se acaso el Thiram cae en sus ojos, imediatamente lavese los

ojos libremente con agua.

6. Banese todos los dias y cambiese de ropa de trabajo por lo

menos cada otro dia.

comply with 4/J, OAR 437-004-1150 and 1180.

(h) Training.

(A) Where exposures to thiram may occur, train each worker about the hazards

of thiram and precautions for its safe use and handling.

(B) The training must be approved by the Administrator.

(i) The health hazard(s) of chronic exposure to thiram including the

potential for birth defects, alcohol intolerance, and drug interaction.

(ii) The specific nature of work that could result in exposure to thiram and

the necessary protective steps;

(iii) The purpose for, proper use, and limitations of protective devices

including respirators and clothing;

(iv) The acute toxicity and skin irritation effects of thiram, and the necessary

protective steps;

(v) The need for and requirements of excellent personal hygiene;

(vi) A review of the thiram rules at the worker’s first training and

indoctrination, and annually thereafter.

(D) Give each worker a copy of these thiram rules.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9720 (3)(h)(D)

Z - 44

437-004-9780

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 9-2006, filed 9/22/06,effective 9/22/06.

437-004-9740 Ethylene Oxide

Definition:

Ethylene oxide or EtO means the organic compound with chemical formula C2H4O,

and CAS 75-21-8.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to ethylene oxide.

(2) Work that exposes employees to ethylene oxide must comply with Division 2/Z,

1910.1047, Ethylene Oxide.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9760 Formaldehyde

Definition:

Formaldehyde means the substance with chemical formula HCHO and CAS 50-00-0.

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in a potential exposure to formaldehyde.

(2) Work that exposes employees to formaldehyde must comply with Division 2/Z,

1910.1048, Formaldehyde.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9780 Methylenedianiline

Definition:

Methylenedianiline or “MDA” means the chemical substance 4,4’-Diaminodiphenyl-

methane (CAS 101-77-9), in the form of a vapor, liquid, or solid, including the salts

of MDA.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9780 (1)

Z - 45

437-004-9791 (1)(a)(D)

See Note about AQI update 

(1) The employer is responsible to determine, before work begins, if any task or activity

assigned to workers will result in potential exposure to Methylenedianiline.

(2) Work that exposes employees to MDA must comply with Division 2/Z, 1910.1050,

Methylenedianiline, except that construction activities exposing employees to MDA must

comply with Division 3/D, 1926.60, Methylenedianiline.

Note: Construction activities are building, altering and repairing and include painting.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98,effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12,effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9791 Protection from Wildfire Smoke

Note: Oregon OSHA recognizes that occupational wildfire smoke exposures can occur in particularly

dynamic situations. Employers must address such hazards based on the information available to them

through the exercise of reasonable diligence.

(1) Scope and application. This standard applies to public and private sector employers

whose employees are or will be exposed to wildfire smoke where the ambient air

concentration for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is at or above 35.5 µg/m3 (Air Quality

Index value of 101 for PM2.5)

(a) The following workplaces and operations are exempt from this standard:

(A) Enclosed buildings and structures in which the air is filtered by a mechanical

ventilation system and the employer ensures that windows, doors, bays, and

other exterior openings are kept closed, except when it is necessary to briefly

open doors to enter or exit;

(B) Enclosed vehicles in which the air is filtered by a properly maintained cabin

air filter system, and when the windows, doors, and other exterior openings

are kept closed, except when it is necessary to briefly open doors to enter or

exit. Buses, light rails, and other enclosed vehicles used for public transit

systems where doors are frequently opened to board and deboard

passengers are not included under this exemption;

prevent employee exposure to wildfire smoke at an ambient air concentration

for PM2.5 of 35.5 µg/m3 (AQI 101) or higher; and

(D) Employees working at home.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9791 (1)(b)

Z - 46

437-004-9791 (2)(d)

(b) The following workplaces and operations are only subject to subsections (4)(a)

through (4)(g) “information and training,” and subsection (7)(b) “voluntary use of

filtering facepiece respirators” under this standard:

(A) Wildland firefighting and associated support activities such as fire camp

services and fire management;

(B) Emergency operations that are directly involved in the protection of life or

property, public safety power shutoffs, or restoration of essential services,

such as evacuation, rescue, medical, structural firefighting, law enforcement,

utilities, and communications; and

minutes in an hour to an ambient air concentration for PM2.5 at or above

35.5 µg/m3 (AQI 101) for a total exposure of less than one hour in a single

24-hour period.

(2) Definitions.

(a) Air Quality Index – The Air Quality Index (AQI) was developed by the U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as an indicator of overall air quality and is

based on the five criteria pollutants regulated under the Clean Air Act: ground-level

ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.

(b) NIOSH – The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the United

States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NIOSH tests and approves

respirators for use in the workplace.

particulate matter, with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 micrometers or smaller

and measured in micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3).

(d) Sensitive groups – Individuals with pre-existing health conditions and those who

are sensitive to air pollution who are among those likely to experience health

problems from exposure to wildfire smoke. Examples of sensitive groups include:

people with lung disease such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease (COPD), including bronchitis and emphysema, and those who smoke;

people with respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, acute bronchitis,

bronchiolitis, cold, flu, or those recovering from severe respiratory illness; people

with existing heart or circulatory problems, such as irregular heartbeat, congestive

heart failure, coronary artery disease, angina, and those who have had a heart

attack or stroke; children under 18 years old, and adults over age 65; pregnant

women; people with diabetes; and people with other medical or health conditions

which can be exacerbated by exposure to wildfire smoke as determined by a

physician or other licensed healthcare provider.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9791 (2)(e)

Z - 47

437-004-9791 (4)(a)(C)

(e) Wildfire smoke – Emissions from unplanned fires in wildlands, which may include

adjacent developed and cultivated areas to which the fire spreads or from where it

originates.

(f) Wildlands – Uncultivated and sparsely populated geographical areas covered

primarily by grass, brush, trees, slash, or a combination thereof.

(3) Exposure assessment. Monitor employee exposure to wildfire smoke when employees

are, or are likely to be, exposed to an ambient air concentration for PM2.5 at or above

35.5 µg/m3 (AQI 101). This monitoring must be performed at the start of each shift, and

as needed, to comply with the applicable requirements of sections (6) and (7) of this

standard, by using one or more of the following methods:

(a) Check the current average and forecasted AQI value for PM2.5 from the Oregon

Department of Environmental Quality, U.S. EPA AirNow or Interagency Wildland

Fire Air Quality Response Program websites, or equivalent source;

(b) Check notifications of air quality advisories due to wildfire smoke issued by the

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality or local government health

agencies;

with the testing device manufacturer’s user instructions; or

(d) If the employer determines and can demonstrate that none of the methods in

subsections (3)(a) through (3)(c) of this standard are available for their work

location, the employer can then use the 5-3-1 Visibility Index provided in Appendix

B, Table 1 of this standard to estimate the current air concentration for PM2.5, and

equivalent AQI value, during daylight hours.

(4) Information and training. Provide wildfire smoke training to all employees, including new

employees, supervisory and non-supervisory employees, who may be exposed to an

ambient air concentration for PM2.5 at or above 35.5 µg/m3 (AQI 101). The training

must be provided annually before employees are exposed in a language and

vocabulary readily understood, and in a manner that facilitates employee feedback. The

training must include at least the following information:

(a) The symptoms of wildfire smoke exposure:

(A) Eyes: burning sensations, redness, and tearing of the eyes caused by

irritation and inflammation of the eyes that can temporarily impair one’s

vision;

(B) Respiratory system: runny nose, sore throat, cough, difficulty breathing, sinus

irritation, wheezing, shortness of breath; and

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

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Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9791 (4)(b)

Z - 48

437-004-9791 (5)

(b) The potential acute and chronic health effects from wildfire smoke exposure,

including increased health risks to “sensitive groups” as defined in subsection

(2)(d) of this standard, and how chronic exposures can increase the risk of

cardiovascular disease and can exacerbate an individual’s asthma;

and obtain medical treatment for such workplace exposures without fear of

retaliation;

(d) How employees can obtain the current average and forecasted ambient air

concentration for PM2.5 and equivalent AQI value for their work location;

(e) The importance, limitations, and benefits of using a filtering facepiece respirator,

that is provided by the employer at no cost to the employee to reduce exposure to

wildfire smoke, and how to use and maintain their filtering facepiece respirator;

(f) The employer's methods to protect employees from wildfire smoke as required by

section (7) of this standard, including how filtering facepiece respirators are

required to be made readily accessible to employees for voluntary use when

workplace ambient air concentration for PM2.5 is at or above 35.5 µg/m3 (AQI

101), and how employees can obtain such respirators before exposure and

replace them when needed;

(g) Review of any job tasks performed by employees that the use of a filtering

facepiece respirator would expose the wearer to a hazard associated with a

substantially more serious injury or illness than the potential acute health effects of

wildfire smoke exposure, and must not be used when performing such tasks;

(h) The procedures supervisors must follow when an employee reports or exhibits

health symptoms that necessitate immediate medical attention such as, but not

limited to, asthma attacks, difficulty breathing, and chest pain;

(i) How to operate and interpret exposure results based on any PM2.5 monitoring

device used by the employer in compliance with this standard; and

(j) An explanation of the employer's two-way communication system for wildfire

smoke exposure control information as required by section (6) of this standard.

(5) Training documentation. Verify supervisor and employee training required under section

(4) of this standard by preparing a written or electronic record that includes at least the

name or identification number of each employee trained, the date(s) of the training(s),

and the name of the person(s) who conducted the training. The most recent annual

training record for each employee must be maintained for one year.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9791 (6)

Z - 49

437-004-9791 (7)(a)(B)

(6) Employer two-way communication. Before employees are exposed to an ambient air

concentration of PM2.5 at or above 35.5 µg/m3 (AQI 101), develop and implement a

two-way system to communicate wildfire smoke information between supervisors and

employees. At a minimum, this communication system must include:

(a) A means to notify exposed employees of any changes in the air quality at their

work location that would necessitate an increase or decrease in the level of

exposure controls required in section (7) of this standard; and

(b) A means to enable and encourage employees to inform their employer or

supervisor of at least the following:

(A) Any changes in the air quality at their work location that could necessitate an

increase or decrease in the level of exposure controls required by section (7)

of this standard;

(B) Any availability issues of appropriate exposure control measures required by

section (7) of this standard; and

that could necessitate medical attention.

Note: The employer’s emergency medical plan provisions to comply with Division 4,

Subdivision K, OAR 437-004-1305(4), must address the types medical situations

that employees could encounter, including those conditions relating to wildfire

smoke exposure.

(7) Exposure controls.

(a) Engineering and administrative controls. Implement engineering and

administrative controls to reduce employee PM2.5 exposure to less than 35.5

µg/m3 (AQI 101), unless the employer can demonstrate that such controls are

functionally impossible, or would prevent the completion of work.

(A) Appropriate engineering controls may include, but are not limited to,

temporarily relocating outdoor workers to available indoor areas or vehicles

where the air is adequately filtered, or using portable air purifiers equipped

with HEPA filters (or similar high-efficiency air filters) that are sufficient in

number and performance for the size of the enclosed area where used.

(B) Appropriate administrative controls may include, but are not limited to,

temporarily relocating outdoor work operations to another outdoor location

with better air quality when work permits, and changing employee work

schedules to when better air quality is forecasted.

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9791 (7)(b)

Z - 50

437-004-9791 (7)(c)

(b) Voluntary use of filtering facepiece respirators. Whenever employee exposure to

PM2.5 is at or above 35.5 µg/m3 (AQI 101), even after the implementation of

engineering and administrative controls, ensure that appropriate NIOSH-approved

filtering facepiece respirators are provided to employees for voluntary use, strictly

for protection against wildfire smoke, when such use would not expose the wearer

to a hazard associated with a substantially more serious injury or illness than the

potential acute health effects of wildfire smoke exposure. Ensure that such

respirators are:

(A) Provided and replaced as needed at no cost to employees by either:

(i) Distributing filtering facepiece respirators directly to each exposed

employee; or

(ii) Maintaining a sufficient supply of filtering facepiece respirators that is

readily accessible and known to any exposed employee at each work

location. This respirator supply must be in a location that does not

restrict or hinder employee access to respirators or discourage the

replacement of a respirator when needed.

(B) Stored and maintained so that they do not present a health hazard to the

user.

Note: Voluntary use of filtering facepiece respirators under subsection (7)(b) in this

standard is not subject to the requirements under the Respiratory Protection

Standard – OAR 437-004-1041.

Note: Employer supplies of NIOSH-approved filtering facepiece respirators for voluntary

use should include an adequate size selection for exposed employees.

Respiratory Protection Program. Whenever employee exposure to PM2.5 is at or

above 200.9 µg/m3 (AQI 251), even after the implementation of engineering and

administrative controls, ensure that employees wear appropriate NIOSH-approved

filtering facepiece respirators when such use would not expose the wearer to a

hazard associated with a substantially more serious injury or illness than the

potential acute health effects of wildfire smoke exposure. When such filtering

facepiece respirators are provided and used strictly for protection against wildfire

smoke, the employer may implement and follow the Wildfire Smoke Respiratory

Protection Program as described in Appendix A of this standard in lieu of

conducting medical evaluations and fit testing, which are otherwise required under

the Respiratory Protection Standard – OAR 437-004-1041.

See Note about AQI update 

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9791 (7)(d)

Z - 51

437-004-9791 (7)(d)

(d) Required use of respirators in accordance with the Respiratory Protection

Standard – OAR 437-004-1041. Whenever employee exposure to PM2.5 is at or

above 500.4 µg/m3 (AQI 501), even after the implementation of engineering and

administrative controls, ensure that employees wear appropriate NIOSH-approved

respirators that protects wearers from PM2.5 when such use would not expose the

wearer to a hazard associated with a substantially more serious injury or illness

than the potential acute health effects of wildfire smoke exposure. For respirators

used exclusively to protect employees from wildfire smoke concentrations of

PM2.5 at or above 500.4 µg/m3 (AQI 501), develop and implement a complete

Respiratory Protection Program in accordance with OAR 437-004-1041,

Respiratory Protection.

Note: The requirements of subsections (7)(c) and (7)(d) do not apply to occupants of employer-

provided housing while they are inside the housing.

Note: Elastomeric respirators are distinct from filtering facepiece respirators. If elastomeric

respirators are used to reduce employee exposure to wildfire smoke at any PM2.5

concentration, employers must comply with all applicable requirements under of the

Respiratory Protection Standard – OAR 437-004-1041.

Statutory/Other Authority: ORS 654.025(2), 654.035 & 656.726(4)

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295

History: OSHA 4-202, filed 05/10/2022, effective 07/01/2022

See Note about AQI update 

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9791 Appendix A

Z - 53

437-004-9791 Appendix A

Appendix A to 437-004-9791: Mandatory Workplace Guidance for the Use of

Filtering Facepiece Respirators to Address Wildfire Smoke

This appendix applies only to employers covered by this standard that require NIOSH-

approved filtering facepiece respirators, including N95, P95, R95, N99, P99, N100 and P100,

to be used by their employees strictly for wildfire smoke exposures when the work location

ambient air concentrations of PM2.5 is at or above 200.9 µg/m3 (AQI 251) and below 500.4

µg/m3 (AQI 501).

Note: Employer supplies of NIOSH-approved filtering facepiece respirators for required use under this

standard should include an adequate size selection for exposed employees.

Filtering facepiece respirators are disposable, negative-pressure, air purifying respirators

where an integral part of the facepiece or the entire facepiece is made of air contaminant

filtering material. This appendix does not apply to other types of respirators, including but not

limited to elastomeric tight-fitting respirators, nor does it apply to situations where workers

use filtering facepiece respirators for protection against air contaminants other than PM2.5

from wildfire smoke.

Employers whose workers are required to wear filtering facepiece respirators to protect

against wildfire smoke exposures when workplace ambient air concentrations of PM2.5 is at

or above 200.9 µg/m3 (AQI 251) must either develop and implement a respiratory protection

program in accordance with the Respiratory Protection Standard (OAR 437-004-1041), or a

Wildfire Smoke Respiratory Protection Program in accordance with the following

requirements when workplace ambient air concentration of PM2.5 is under 500.4 µg/m3 (AQI

501):

(A) Employee training. Employers must ensure that employees wearing filtering facepiece

respirators are trained in the proper use of the respirators, including putting them on and

removing them, any limitations on their use, how to care for the respirator, and the

ability to demonstrate a seal check as described in section (B) of this appendix.

(B) Filtering facepiece respirator user seal check. Each employee who uses a filtering

facepiece respirator must perform a user seal check to ensure a sufficient face fit to

maximize effectiveness each time the respirator is put on. Either the positive or negative

pressure checks listed in this appendix, or the respirator manufacturer’s recommended

user seal check method must be used.

See Note about AQI update 

Chemicals/Toxins

Division 4

AO 4-2022

Oregon Administrative Rules

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

437-004-9791 Appendix A

Z - 54

437-004-9791 Appendix A

1. Instructions for positive pressure user seal check. Once you have properly donned

the respirator, place your hands over the facepiece, covering as much surface

area as possible. Exhale gently into the facepiece. The face fit is considered

sufficient if a slight positive pressure is being built up inside the facepiece without

feeling air passing between your face and the facepiece. If the particulate

respirator has an exhalation valve, then performing a positive pressure check may

not be possible. In such cases, a negative pressure check must be performed.

2. Instructions for negative pressure user seal check. Negative pressure seal checks

are typically conducted on particulate respirators that have exhalation valves.

Once you have properly donned the respirator, cover the filter surface with your

hands as much as possible and then inhale gently. The face fit is considered

sufficient if the facepiece slightly collapses towards your face without feeling air

passing between your face and the facepiece.

3. Correcting problems discovered during the seal check. In the case of either type of

seal check (positive or negative), if air leaks around the nose, use both hands to

readjust the nosepiece by placing your fingertips at the top of the metal nose clip.

Slide your fingertips down both sides of the metal strip to more efficiently mold the

nose area to the shape of your nose. Readjust the straps along the sides of your

head until a proper seal is achieved.

that they do not present a health hazard to the user.

Chemicals/Toxins

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division

Oregon Administrative Rules

AO 4-2022

Division 4

437-004-9791 Appendix B

Z - 55

437-004-9791 Appendix B

Appendix B to 437-004-9791: Information for Wildfire Smoke Protection

Table 1: Air Quality Index (AQI) Values and Equivalent Concentrations for PM2.5, and

5-3-1 Visibility Index Values

AQI Values

PM2.5 Concentration in µg/m

Visibility Index Values

(How far you can see)

0 – 50

0.0 – 12.0

over 15 miles

51 – 100

12.1 – 35.4

5 – 15 miles

101 – 150

35.5 – 55.4

3 – 5 miles

151 – 200

55.5 – 150.4

1 – 3 miles

201 – 300

150.5 – 250.4

1 mile

301 and higher

250.5 and higher

less than 1 mile

Note: The AQI, as used in this standard, is a recognized proxy to identify worker exposure to PM2.5

for which traditional occupational exposure limits have not been established. The EPA AQI risk

category labels were specifically developed to advise the public of the community health risk levels

associated with air quality conditions in a general population setting. The AQI calculation allows for a

measurement that is easily accessible to both employers and employees.

Note: When estimating the current AQI value by using the 5-3-1 Visibility Index, determine the limit of

your visual range by looking for distant targets or familiar landmarks such as mountains, mesas, hills,

or buildings at known distances (miles). The visual range is that point at which these targets are no

longer visible. Ideally, the viewing of any distance target should be made with the sun behind you.

Looking into the sun or at an angle increases the ability of sunlight to reflect off of the smoke, and thus

making the visibility estimate less reliable.

Table 2: Protection from Wildfire Smoke Standard Requirements by AQI Value

AQI Value

General Requirements

101 - 250

1. Assess and monitor air quality at each work location where employees are exposed;

2. Provide and document employees training;

3. Implement two-way communication system;

4. Implement engineering and administrative controls; and

5. Provide NIOSH-approved filtering facepiece respirators for voluntary use.

251 - 500

1. 1 through 4 for AQI 101 – 250 above; and

2. Provide NIOSH-approved filtering facepiece respirators for mandatory use by

implementing a Wildfire Smoke Respiratory Protection Program in accordance with

Appendix A.

501 and

above

1. 1 through 4 for AQI 101 – 250 above; and

2. Provide NIOSH-approved respirators for mandatory use by implementing a Respiratory

Protection Program in accordance with OAR 437-004-1041.

See rules for complete requirements.

See Note about AQI update 

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437-004-9800 (2)(d)

437-004-9800 Hazard Communication Standard for Agricultural Employers

Notes: The Division 4, Hazard Communication Standard for Agricultural Employers (OAR 437-004-

9800), focuses on those parts of the General Industry Hazard Communication Standard (Division 2/Z,

1910.1200) that describe the employer’s responsibility to establish a workplace program and to

communicate information to workers about the hazards of the chemicals used in their workplace.

The Division 4 standard does not include the parts of the Division 2, Hazard Communication Standard

that apply only to producers, distributors, and importers of chemicals because these are not typical

activities for agricultural employers. As stated in 437-004-9800(2) Scope and application, any

agricultural employer who produces, imports, or distributes chemical products must follow the more

detailed rules that apply to those general industry activities in Division 2/Z, 1910.1200.

The requirements of this Division 4, Hazard Communication Standard, are intended to be consistent

with the Hazard Communication Standard for general industry as aligned with the provisions of the

United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS.)

(1) Purpose. The purpose of this Division 4 Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is to

ensure that agricultural employers provide appropriate information to their employees

about the hazardous chemicals to which they can be exposed at their workplaces. The

responsibility of chemical manufacturers, importers, and distributors to provide this

information is described in Division 2/Z, 1910.1200. The HCS for agricultural employers

describes how this information is to be provided: through a comprehensive hazard

communication program, including container labels and other forms of warning, safety

data sheets and employee training.

(2) Scope and application.

(a) This standard applies to agricultural employers when a hazardous chemical is

known to be present in the workplace in a way that employees may be exposed

under normal conditions of use or in a foreseeable emergency.

(b) This standard also applies to agricultural employers engaged in crop- or product-

related quality control- or quality assurance-type laboratory work.

Note: See Division 4/Z, 437-004-9860, Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories, for rules that

apply to other types of laboratory activities.

Industry, including all mandatory appendices, applies to any agricultural employer

who is a producer, importer, or distributor of hazardous chemicals, as those

activities are defined in this standard.

(d) The following types of hazardous substances are exempted from the requirements

of this standard, under the stated conditions or circumstances:

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(A) Any hazardous waste defined by the Solid Waste Disposal Act, as

amended by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as

amended (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.), when subject to regulations issued

under that Act by the Environmental Protection Agency;

(B) Any hazardous substance as such term is defined by the

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability

ACT (CERCLA) (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.), when the hazardous

substance is the focus of remedial or removal action being conducted

under CERCLA (such as a “Superfund” site) in accordance with

Environmental Protection Agency regulations;

(D) Wood or wood products, including lumber if it will not be processed,

where the manufacturer or importer has established that the only

hazard posed to employees is the potential for combustibility;

Note: Wood and wood products that are treated with a hazardous chemical covered

by this standard (such as chemically pressure-treated wood); and wood that

will later be sawed, cut or sanded, generating dust, is covered by this

standard.

(E) Articles as defined in OAR 437-004-9800(11);

(F) Food or alcoholic beverages sold, used, or prepared in a retail

establishment (such as a grocery store, restaurant, or drinking place),

and foods intended for personal consumption by employees while at

work;

(G) Any drug, defined in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21

U.S.C. 301 et seq.), when it is in solid, final form for direct

administration to the patient (e.g., tablets or pills); drugs packaged by

the chemical manufacturer for sale to consumers in a retail

establishment (e.g., over-the-counter drugs); and drugs intended for

personal consumption by employees while at work (e.g., first aid

supplies);

(H) Cosmetics which are packaged for sale to consumers or intended for

personal consumption by employees while in the workplace;

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(I) Any consumer product or hazardous substance, defined in the

Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) and Federal

Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.) respectively,

where the employer can show that it is used in the workplace for the

purpose intended by the chemical manufacturer or importer of the

product, and the use results in a duration and frequency of exposure

not more than the range of exposures that could reasonably be

experienced by consumers;

(J) Nuisance particulates where the chemical manufacturer or importer has

established that they do not pose any physical or health hazard covered

under this standard;

Note: Nuisance particulate is synonymous with “particulate not otherwise regulated”

(PNOR.) PNOR includes all inert or nuisance dusts, whether mineral,

inorganic, or organic, that are not specifically listed in Division 4/Z, OAR 437-

004-9000, Oregon Rules for Air Contaminants.

(K) Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation; and,

(L) Biological hazards.

Notes: In addition to these exempted hazardous substances, the general industry

Hazard Communication Standard [at 1910.1200(b)(5)] lists additional types of

hazardous chemicals whose manufacturers are not covered by the Hazard

Communication labeling requirements, because the products are already

regulated by other labeling regulations. (For example, labeling of consumer

products is regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission; and

labeling of pesticide products is regulated by the Environmental Protection

Agency.)

Nonetheless, employers must ensure that hazardous chemicals are properly

identified in their workplaces, as described in 437-004-9800(5).

(3) Reserved.

(4) Written hazard communication program.

(a) Employers must develop, implement, and maintain an effective written hazard

communication program that is specific to their workplace. It must include the

following:

(A) A list of all the hazardous chemicals in the workplace using a product

identifier that allows cross-referencing to both the product label and a Safety

Data Sheet. (Lists may be developed for individual work areas, but the

program-required list must include all hazardous chemicals present in the

workplace to which the written hazard communication program applies.)

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(B) A description of their procedures or methods for meeting the requirements of

this Hazard Communication Standard for Agricultural Employers including

paragraphs (5) Labels and other forms of warning, (6) Safety data sheets,

and (7) Employee information and training.

of nonroutine tasks and the hazards associated with chemicals contained in

any unlabeled pipes in their work areas.

(b) At multi-employer workplaces, employers who use or store hazardous chemicals

in a way that may expose other employer’s workers must also ensure that their

hazard communication program includes their methods for:

(A) Making safety data sheets available to the workers of other employers;

(B) Informing other employer(s) of any precautionary measures needed for the

other employer to protect their employees during normal operating conditions

and foreseeable emergencies;

warning in use. This includes how the employer will notify other employer(s)

about areas where pesticides will be or are being applied and areas under a

Restricted Entry Interval.

program available to employees, the employee’s designated representatives, and

the Administrator.

Note: Where employees work at more than one workplace, the written hazard communication

program may be kept at the primary workplace as long as the information is made

available for routine reference during the employee’s regular shift and is readily available

in an emergency.

(5) Labels and other forms of warning.

Note: Chemical producers, importers, and distributors have responsibilities for labeling products that

are shipped and for providing those labels to end-users.

(a) Workplace labeling. The employer must ensure that the primary (shipped) labels

are legible, in English, and prominently displayed on the container in the work

area. Employers with employees who communicate in languages other than

English may include information in the other languages, as long as it is also in

English.

(b) Except as provided in (5)(d), (5)(e), and (5)(f), the employer must ensure that each

container of hazardous chemicals is labeled, tagged or marked with either:

(A) The same elements required on the shipped label:

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(i) Product identifier,

(ii) Signal word,

(iii) Hazard statement(s),

(iv) Pictogram(s),

(v) Precautionary statement(s), and

(vi) Name, address, and telephone number of the chemical manufacturer,

importer, or other responsible party; OR

(B) The product identifier (that allows cross-referencing with the product’s safety

data sheet), and

(i) Words, pictures, symbols, or a combination that provide at least general

information about the hazards of the chemical;

(ii) This alternative in conjunction with the other information readily

available to employees under the employer’s hazard communication

program, must provide employees with specific information about the

hazards of the chemical and appropriate protective measures.

about the hazards of a chemical, or ways to protect against the hazards, affected

employees must be trained on this new information before the chemical is used

again in the workplace.

(d) The employer may use signs, placards, or other written materials instead of labels

on individual, stationary process containers. This alternative method must identify

the specific container, meet the requirements in (5)(a) and (b) and be readily

accessible to the employees in their work area.

(e) Labels are not required on portable, secondary containers of hazardous chemicals

that are for immediate use.

(f) Pesticide application equipment (such as spray tanks and backpack-type

sprayers) do not require labeling if the pesticide handlers have access to the

pesticide product label during handling activities.

(6) Safety data sheets.

(a) Employers must have a safety data sheet (SDS) for each hazardous chemical that

is used or present in the workplace in a way that may expose employees under

normal conditions of use or in a foreseeable emergency. This includes residual

pesticides encountered by workers doing field hand-labor operations.

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(b) SDSs must be readily accessible to all employees on all shifts. Where employees

work at more than one workplace, the SDSs may be kept at the primary

workplace.

their work shifts and available at all times, especially during an emergency such as

a power failure.

(d) SDSs must be in English. Employers with employees who communicate in other

languages may maintain copies of SDSs in other languages as well.

(e) Where complex mixtures of chemical products have similar hazards and contents

(for example, the chemical ingredients are the same, but the specific composition

varies from mixture to mixture), the employer may use one SDS to apply to all of

these essentially similar mixtures. The product identifier of each mixture, as

identified on the product label, must be cross-referenced to the SDS used.

(f) If an employer becomes aware of new information from an up-dated SDS about

the hazards of a chemical or about ways to protect employees from the hazards,

affected employees must be trained on this new information before the chemical is

used again in the workplace.

(g) Safety data sheets as employee exposure records. In accordance with Division

4/A, OAR 437-004-0005, Access to Employee Medical and Exposure Records,

employers must retain either the SDS or some record of the identity of the

substance or agent, where it was used, and when it was used; and, make this

record available upon request to employees, employee’s designated

representatives, and to the Administrator.

Note: OAR 437-004-0005 refers employers to Division 2/Z 1910.1020. For more

information about this requirement, see 1910.1020(d)(1)(ii)(B).

(7) Employee information and training.

(a) Give employees effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their

work area at the time of their initial assignment, and when a new physical or health

hazard is introduced into their work area. Information and training may cover

categories of hazards (examples include flammable liquids and pesticides) or

specific chemicals.

(A) Chemical-specific information must always be available through labels and

safety data sheets. Agricultural employees who mix, load, or apply

pesticides; or otherwise handle hazardous chemicals must receive the full

information and training required by this standard.

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(B) If employees only handle chemicals in sealed, unopened containers, give

them training to the extent necessary to protect them in the event of a spill or

leak of a hazardous chemical from a sealed container.

(b) Inform employees of:

(A) The requirements of this training paragraph;

(B) Any operations in their work area where hazardous chemicals are present;

and,

including the required list(s) of hazardous chemicals, and safety data sheets.

(A) Methods and observations to detect the presence or release of a hazardous

chemical in the work area (such as monitoring done by the employer, alarm

systems, or characteristic odors;)

(B) The physical and health hazards of the chemicals in the work area;

hazards, including specific procedures the employer has implemented to

protect employees from exposure to hazardous chemicals, such as

appropriate work practices, emergency procedures, and personal protective

equipment; and,

(D) The details of the hazard communication program as it relates to the

employee’s work activities, including an explanation of any alternative

labeling or warning systems, possible exposures from non-routine tasks, and

how employees can get and use the right hazard information.

(d) Agricultural employers must give all of their employees a copy of, or provide them

with training that covers the information in the Oregon OSHA publication #1951

“Safe Practices When Working Around Hazardous Agricultural Chemicals.”

(e) For employees doing only field hand-labor operations where their only potential

exposure is to residual pesticides, employers may meet the training and

information requirements of this rule by:

(A) Giving each employee a copy of or providing training that covers the

information in the Oregon OSHA publication #1951, “Safe Practices When

Working Around Hazardous Agricultural Chemicals”; and

(B) Providing information about the location and availability of, and ensuring that

employees have access to safety data sheets.

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(8) Trade secrets. There are special standards about the relationship of this standard to

trade secrets. If those circumstances apply, follow Division 2/Z, 1910.1200(i) and its

Appendix E.

Note: Division 2/Z 1910.1200(i) provides guidance for emergency medical personnel who need to

obtain more detailed safety and health information about products with Trade Secret-protected

ingredients. Appendix E to Division 2/Z, 1910.1200, Definition of Trade Secret, sets out the

criteria to be used in evaluating trade secret claims.

(9) Subpoenas, citations, penalties.

(a) The Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division has the authority under ORS

Chapter 654 to issue a subpoena or any protective orders.

(b) Agency actions under ORS Chapter 654 and this Hazard Communication

Standard for Agricultural Employers are enforceable by the issuance of additional

citations and penalties pursuant to ORS 654.071(4), ORS 654.086(1)(d), or ORS

654.086(3). The Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division may refer the

matter to the Circuit Court in the county in which the proceedings are pending for

enforcement of the subpoena.

(10) Phase-in dates for new rule requirements.

(a) By February 1, 2015, agricultural employers must train their employees about the

new label elements (product identifier, signal word, hazard statements,

pictograms, and precautionary statements); and, about the new, standardized, 16-

section, safety data sheet (SDS) format. After this phase-in date has passed, this

information must be included in the initial employee training in accordance with

paragraph (7).

Note: Chemical producers have until June 1, 2015 to be in compliance with all the modified

provisions of the Division 2/Z Hazard Communication Standard (1910.1200) including

those concerning classification, labeling, and safety data sheets.

(b) By June 1, 2016, employers must, as necessary, based on any new hazards

identified by chemical manufacturers on updated labels and SDSs:

(A) Update their workplace hazard communication program, as required by

paragraph (4); and

(B) Update any alternative workplace labeling used under paragraph (5); and

(11) Definitions.

Agricultural employer – See definition in Division 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100. Also, see

“Employer” below.

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Article - A manufactured item other than a fluid or particle:

(A) Formed to a specific shape or design during manufacture; and

(B) With end use function(s) dependent in whole or in part on its shape or design

during end use; and

amounts of a hazardous chemical and does not pose a physical hazard or health

risk to employees.

Administrator - The Administrator of the Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division, or

their designee.

Biological hazard (or biohazard) – An infectious or other biological agent (bacteria, virus,

fungus, etc.) presenting a risk of death, injury or illness to employees. (Biohazards are

excluded from the requirements of the HCS.)

Chemical - Any element, chemical compound or mixture of elements or compounds.

Chemicals may be in solid, liquid, or gaseous form.

Chemical name - The scientific designation of a chemical according to the nomenclature

system developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) or

the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) rules of nomenclature, or a name that clearly

identifies the chemical for the purpose of conducting a hazard classification.

Classification – The process of identifying the relevant data about the hazards of a

chemical; reviewing that data to determine the hazards or effects associated with the

chemical; and deciding whether the chemical meets the criteria and definitions in this

standard. Classification for health and physical hazards includes the determination of

the degree of hazard, where appropriate, by comparing the data with the criteria for the

health and physical hazard categories.

Container – Any bag, barrel, bottle, box, can, cylinder, drum, reaction vessel, storage tank,

or the like that contains a hazardous chemical. Pipes or piping systems, and engines,

fuel tanks, or other operating systems in a vehicle, are not considered to be containers.

Crop- or product-related quality control- or quality assurance-type laboratory work -

The sampling or testing of crops or agricultural products to discover defects, with the

goal of improving or stabilizing production standards. This type of laboratory work at

agricultural workplaces is covered by the requirements of the HCS.

Note: See Division 4/Z, 437-004-9860, Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories, for rules that apply to

other types of laboratory work.

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Designated representative - Any individual or organization to whom an employee gives

written authorization to exercise such employee’s rights. A recognized or certified

collective bargaining agent is automatically a designated representative without regard

to written employee authorization.

Distributor – Any business, other than a chemical manufacturer or importer, that supplies

hazardous chemicals to other distributors or to employers.

Employee – For the purpose of this rule, any worker who may be exposed to hazardous

chemicals under normal conditions of use or in a foreseeable emergency. (Also, see

definition of “Worker” in Division 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.)

Employer - For the purposes of this rule, any person, corporation, association, or other legal

entity, including a contractor or subcontractor, engaged in a business where employees

may be exposed to chemicals. (Also, see definition of “Agricultural employer” in Division

4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.)

Exposure or exposed – An occurrence when an employee is subjected, in the course of

employment, to a chemical that is a physical, health, or other listed hazard, including

accidental or reasonably anticipated exposure. “Subjected” in terms of health hazards

includes any route of entry into the body, including inhalation, ingestion, percutaneous,

and skin contact or absorption.

Field hand-labor operations – Agricultural work done by hand or with hand tools, including

the cultivation, weeding, planting, and harvesting of crops (including mushrooms) and

the packing of produce into containers, whether done on the ground, on a moving

machine, or in a temporary packing shed in the field.

Flammable liquids – See definition in Division 4/B, OAR 437-004-0100.

Foreseeable emergency – Any potential event that could result in an uncontrolled release of

a hazardous chemical into the workplace. Examples include equipment failure, rupture

of containers, or failure of control equipment.

GHS – Globally Harmonized System – The United Nations’ system of classification and

labeling of chemicals; an international approach to hazard communication that provides

specific criteria for classification of chemical hazards and a standardized approach to

label elements and safety data sheets. In 2012, OSHA revised the Hazard

Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) to be consistent with the GHS.

Hand-labor operations See, Field hand-labor operations.

Handler (or Pesticide Handler) – includes any person, who is employed for any type of

compensation by an agricultural establishment and who:

(A) Mixes, loads, transfers, or applies pesticides;

(B) Disposes of pesticides or pesticide containers;

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(D) Acts as a flagger for equipment or aircraft applying pesticides;

(E) Cleans, adjusts, handles, or repairs the parts of mixing, loading, or application

equipment that may contain pesticide residues;

(F) Assists with the application of pesticides; or

(G) Performs other activities included within the definition of Handler by the

Environmental Protection Agency.

Note: For more information, see the pesticide Worker Protection Standard in Division 4/W,

§170. The term “handler” does not include an employee who only handles sealed,

unopened pesticide containers or empty pesticide containers.

Hazard category – The divisions within a hazard class that compare the degree or severity

of the hazard. For example, the chemical hazard classifications “oral acute toxicity” and

“flammable liquid” both include four hazard categories based on specific criteria.

Categories within a hazard class should not be compared with the categories of

different hazard classes.

Hazard class – Describes the nature and effect of a physical or health hazard, such as

“flammable solid”, “carcinogen”, and “oral acute toxicity”. (Also, see “Classification”.)

Hazard not otherwise classified (HNOC) – An adverse physical or health effect identified

through evaluation of scientific evidence during the manufacturer’s classification

process that does not meet the specified criteria for the physical and health hazard

classes addressed in Division 2/Z. 1910.1200. This does not extend coverage to

adverse physical and health effects for which there is a hazard class addressed in

1910.1200, but the effect either falls below the cut-off value/concentration limit of the

hazard class or is under a GHS hazard category that has not been adopted by OSHA.

(One example is Category 5 oral acute toxicity.)

Hazard statement – A statement assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the

nature of the hazards of a chemical, including, where appropriate, the degree of hazard.

Hazardous chemical – Any chemical that is classified as a physical hazard or a health

hazard, a simple asphyxiant, combustible dust, pyrophoric gas, or hazard not otherwise

classified.

Note: Division 2/Z, 1910.1200, Appendices A and B describe the criteria producers must use for

determining whether or not a chemical is a health or physical hazard for purposes of this

standard.

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Hazard warning – The words, pictures, symbols, or combination on a label (or other

appropriate form of warning) that communicate the specific physical and health hazards

of the chemical(s) in the container. (See the definitions for “physical hazard” and “health

hazard” to determine the hazards which must be covered by the manufacturer.)

HCS – The Hazard Communication Standard.

Health hazard – A chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous

effects: acute toxicity (any route of exposure); skin corrosion or irritation; serious eye

damage or eye irritation; respiratory or skin sensitization; germ cell mutagenicity;

carcinogenicity; reproductive toxicity; specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated

exposure); or aspiration hazard.

Note: The criteria for determining whether a chemical is classified as a health hazard are detailed in

Appendix A to 1910.1200 – Health Hazard Criteria.

Identity – See Product Identifier.

Immediate use – For the purpose of this rule, describes when a hazardous chemical will be

used only within the work shift in which it is transferred, be under the control of and

used only by the person who transfers it from a labeled container. Under these specific

conditions, a portable, secondary container is exempted from the requirement for a

workplace label. (See 437-004-9800(5)(e).)

Importer – The first business with employees within the Customs Territory of the United

States that receives hazardous chemicals made in other countries for the purpose of

supplying them to distributors or employers within the United States.

Label – An appropriate group of written, printed or graphic information elements concerning a

hazardous chemical that is affixed to, printed on, or attached to the immediate container

of a hazardous chemical, or to the outside packaging.

Label elements -- The specified product identifier, pictogram(s), hazard statement(s), signal

word, and precautionary statement(s) that correlate to each chemical product’s hazard

class and category. Also, labels must identify and provide contact information for the

product’s manufacturer or other responsible party.

Manufacturer – See Producer.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) See, “Safety Data Sheet (SDS)”.

Mixture – A combination or a solution composed of two or more substances in which they do

not react.

Nonroutine task – A work activity that occurs infrequently or that varies from what is

considered a regular, standard, or normal task.

Pesticide handler – See Handler.

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Pesticide, residual – See Residual pesticide.

Physical hazard – A chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous

effects: explosive; flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids); oxidizer (liquid, solid

or gas); self-reactive; pyrophoric (liquid or solid); self-heating; organic peroxide;

corrosive to metal; gas under pressure; or in contact with water emits flammable gas.

Note: Physical Hazard Criteria is available in Appendix B to Division 2/Z, 1910.1200.

Pictogram – A composition that includes a red bordered square set on its point, enclosing a

black symbol on a white background that is intended to convey specific information

about the hazard of a chemical. Eight pictograms are designated under this standard for

application to specific hazard categories.

Precautionary statement – A phrase that describes recommended measures that should be

taken to prevent or minimize adverse effects resulting from exposure to, or improper

storage or handling of a hazardous chemical.

Producer – For the purposes of this rule, an employer with a workplace where chemicals are

manufactured, processed, extracted, generated, formulated, or repackaged for use or

for distribution.

Note: If you mix or blend chemical products for use in your own workplace, and the resulting mixture

has no new chemical ingredients or new hazardous characteristics, you can use the SDSs for

the component ingredients and you are not considered to be a “producer.” (An example is

mixing granular fertilizers together for application on your own property.) However, if the

combined chemicals react to create a new ingredient or the combination creates a new hazard,

you become a “producer” and you must follow the more detailed rule requirements in the

Division 2/Z, 1910.1200, Hazard Communication Standard.

Product identifier – The unique name or number used on the label and in the SDS that

provides a means by which the user can identify the hazardous chemical. (Examples

include the chemical name, Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number, or

other precise designation of the substance.) The product identifier must allow cross-

referencing of the product’s label with the product’s SDS, and the list of hazardous

chemicals in the employer’s written hazard communication program.

Pyrophoric gas – A chemical in a gaseous state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a

temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) or below.

Residual pesticide – Pesticide residue that remains on crops, soil, equipment or other work

surfaces, after a pesticide application is completed and any label-required restricted

entry interval (REI) has expired. For the purpose of providing hazard information, a

Safety Data Sheet must be available for any pesticide that has been used at the

workplace within the previous 30 days.

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437-004-9800 (11)

Responsible party – As used on a Label or Safety Data Sheet, someone who can provide

additional information on the hazardous chemical and appropriate emergency

procedures, if necessary.

Restricted entry interval (REI) – The time period that immediately follows a pesticide

application (as specified on the product label) during which only trained and protected

employees may enter into the treated area. (The treated area is the physical location

where a pesticide is being or has been applied.)

Safety data sheet (SDS) – Written or printed information about a hazardous chemical that is

prepared (generally by the manufacturer) in accordance with paragraph (g) of and

Appendix D to Division 2/Z, 1910.1200.

Signal word – A word used to alert the reader of the product label to a potential hazard. The

signal words used in this section are ‘‘DANGER’’ and ‘‘WARNING’’ ‘‘DANGER’’ is used

for the more severe hazards, while ‘‘WARNING’’ is used for the less severe. These

words are chosen by the manufacturer based on the classification and categorization of

the chemical’s hazards.

Note: The EPA has jurisdiction over manufacturers of pesticides and currently has its own system of

signal words used on pesticide labels.

Simple asphyxiant – A substance or mixture that displaces oxygen in the ambient

atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading

to unconsciousness and death.

Specific chemical identity – See “Product identifier”.

Substance – Chemical elements and their compounds in the natural state or obtained by any

production process, including any additive necessary to preserve the stability of the

product and any impurities deriving from the process used, but excluding any solvent

which may be separated without affecting the stability of the substance or changing its

composition.

Trade secret – A confidential formula, pattern, process, device, information or compilation of

information that is used in an employer’s business, and that gives the employer an

opportunity to obtain an advantage over competitors who do not know or use it.

Note: Division 2/Z 1910.1200(i) provides guidance for emergency medical personnel who need to

obtain more detailed safety and health information about products with Trade Secret-protected

ingredients. Appendix E to Division 2/Z, 1910.1200 – Definition of Trade Secret, sets out the

criteria to be used in evaluating trade secret claims.

Use – To handle, apply, transfer, or generate as a by-product, any hazardous chemical

covered by the requirements of this rule.

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437-004-9850 (2)

Work area – A room or defined space in a workplace where hazardous chemicals are used,

and where there are employees.

Workplace – An establishment, job site, or project, at one geographical location with one or

more work areas.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 3-2014, filed 8/8/14, effective 8/8/14.

437-004-9830 Retention of Department of Transportation (DOT) Markings,

Placards and Labels

(1) If you receive any container or vehicle containing hazardous material, marked to comply

with U.S. Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR

Parts 171 through 180), you must keep those markings in place and legible until the

container is empty enough of product, residue or vapors to eliminate all hazards.

(2) Markings, placards and labels must be readily visible.

(3) For non-bulk packages that will not be reshipped, you are in compliance with this rule if

a label or other acceptable marking is affixed to the container and includes the

information required by the Hazard Communication Standard.

(4) For this rule, “hazardous material” and other terms not defined here have the same

definitions as in the U.S. DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR Parts 171

through 180).

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

437-004-9850 Pipe Labeling

(1) Scope and application. This rule applies to all pipes and piping systems that contain

hazardous substances, transport substances in a hazardous state, or that use asbestos

as insulation material. This rule does not apply to buried pipe.

(2) Definitions:

Asbestos: includes chrysoltile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite asbestos, anthophyllite

asbestos, actinolite asbestos and any of these minerals that have been chemically

treated or altered.

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437-004-9850 (3)(b)

Hazardous substances: any substance that is a physical or health hazard.

Health hazard: A chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous effects:

acute toxicity (any route of exposure); skin corrosion or irritation; serious eye damage or

eye irritation; respiratory or skin sensitization; germ cell mutagenicity; carcinogenicity;

reproductive toxicity; specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated exposure); or

aspiration hazard. The criteria for determining whether a chemical is classified as a

health hazard are detailed in Appendix A to 1910.1200 - Health Hazard Criteria, in

Division 2/Z.

Physical hazard: A chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous

effects: explosive; flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids); oxidizer (liquid, solid

or gas); self-reactive; pyrophoric (liquid or solid); self-heating; organic peroxide;

corrosive to metal; gas under pressure; or in contact with water emits flammable gas.

The criteria for determining whether a chemical is classified as a physical hazard are

detailed in Appendix B to 1910.1200 – Physical Hazard Criteria, in Division 2/Z.

Piping system: includes single or multiple pipes of any kind in addition to valves and pipe

coverings.

(3) Labeling.

(a) Label pipes that contain hazardous substances or transport substances in a

hazardous state according to (A), (B), (C) and (D) below or otherwise identify them

according to (3)(b) below:

(A) Positive identification of the hazardous contents of pipe must be by lettered

labels. The label must give the name of the contents in full or abbreviated

form.

(B) The label must identify the contents with enough detail to identify the hazard.

(D) Use stenciling, tape, adhesives, markers or effective alternative means for

labels.

Note: Substances “transported in a hazardous state” typically refer to the hazards of

pressure and temperature. Examples include compressed air, hot water or steam,

and cryogenic liquids or gases.

(b) The employer may use an alternative warning method, instead of affixing labels to

individual pipes, if that method identifies the pipe(s) to which the warning applies

and conveys the hazard information required by this rule. Examples include signs,

placards, process sheets, or schematics posted on walls in the work area; or other

such written materials. These alternative written materials must be readily

accessible to the employees in their work areas during each shift.

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437-004-9850 (5)(a)

Note: See OAR 437-004-9800(5) Labels and other forms of warning for other related

requirements.

following statements:

(A)

DANGER

CONTAINS ASBESTOS FIBERS

MAY CAUSE CANCER

DO NOT BREATHE DUST

AVOID CREATING DUST

(B) Or, otherwise identify them according to (3)(b), above.

Note: See OAR 437-004-9800, Hazard Communication for Agricultural Employers and

OAR 437-004-9050, Asbestos, for additional requirements.

(4) Location of labeling.

(a) Place the labeling near valves or flanges; adjacent to changes in direction or

branches; where pipes pass through walls, floors or ceilings; and where confusion

about the contents of the piping system may occur.

(b) Labeling must be applied, at a minimum, at the beginning and end of continuous

pipe runs.

least every 75 feet.

Illustration 1 - Location of Labeling

(5) Visibility.

(a) Where pipes are located above or below the normal line of vision, put the lettering

below or above the horizontal centerline of the pipe, to facilitate visibility.

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437-004-9850 (5)(b)

(b) If pipes are inaccessible, or at a distance that makes clear identification of the

letters on a label difficult, use alternatives to labeling that meet all other

requirements of this rule.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/13.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 3-2014, filed 8/8/14, effective 8/8/14.

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437-004-9850 Appendix A

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437-004-9850 Appendix A

Appendix A to 437-004-9850 Pipe Labeling (Non-Mandatory)

Table 1 - General Classification of Hazards of Materials Transported in Pipes With

Suggested Labeling Colors

Classification

Color Field**

Color of Letters for Legends

Materials Inherently Dangerous

Flammable or Explosive

Yellow

Black

Chemically Active or Toxic

Yellow

Black

Extreme Temperatures or Pressures

Yellow

Black

Radioactive

Yellow

Magenta

Materials of Inherently Low Hazard

Liquid or Liquid Admixture

Green

White

Gas or Gaseous Admixture

Blue

White

** Alternatives to the colors suggested in Table 1 are acceptable if they meet all other requirements of

the pipe labeling rule and are used consistently on all pipes in a given location.

(1) Color may be displayed on the piping by any physical means, but when it is used it must

be in combination with labels.

(2) Color may be used in continuous, total length, or in intermittent displays.

Types and Sizes of Letters

(1) There must be contrast between color field and letters for readability.

(2) Use of letters of block lettering in sizes 1/2-inch (13 mm) and larger, is recommended.

(Table 2)

Table 2 – Types and Styles of Letters

Outside Diameter of Pipe or

Covering

Length of Color Field

Size of Letters

In.

mm.

In.

mm.

In.

mm.

3/4 to 1 1/4

19 to 32

200

1/2

1 1/2 to 2

38 to 51

200

3/4

2 1/2 to 6

64 to 150

300

1 1/4

8 to 10

200 to 250

600

2 1/2

over 10

Over 250

800

3 1/2

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(3) For identification of materials in pipes less than 3/4-inch (19 mm.) in diameter, and for

valve and fitting identification, the use of a legible tag is recommended.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 3-2014, filed 8/8/14, effective 8/8/14.

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437-004-9860 (2)

437-004-9860 Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories

Definitions:

Carcinogens are chemicals that have been determined to cause cancer by the following

sources:

(a) National Toxicology Program (NTP), Annual Report on Carcinogens (latest

edition);

(b) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs (latest edition);

Safety and Health Administration: or

(d) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), The Registry of

Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (latest edition.)

Crop- or product-related quality control or quality assurance–type laboratory work

means the testing of crops or agricultural products to uncover defects, with the goal of

improving or stabilizing production standards.

Laboratory use of hazardous chemicals means handling or use of such chemicals in which

all of the following conditions are met:

(a) Chemical manipulations are carried out on a “laboratory scale;”

(b) Multiple chemical procedures or chemicals are used;

simulate a production process; and

(d) Protective laboratory practices and equipment are available and in common use to

minimize the potential for employee exposure to hazardous chemicals.

Laboratory scale means work with substances in which the containers used for reactions,

transfers, and other handling of substances are designed to be easily and safely

manipulated by one person. Laboratory scale does not include those workplaces whose

function is to produce commercial quantities of materials.

(1) If employees are engaged only in crop- or product-related quality control or quality

assurance-type laboratory work, as defined in this rule, any work with hazardous

chemicals must comply with the requirements in OAR 437-004-9800, Hazard

Communication.

(2) If employees use carcinogens in laboratory research or crop- or product-related quality

control or quality assurance-type laboratory work, then Division 2/Z, OAR 437-002-

0391, Additional Oregon Rules for Carcinogens in Laboratories, also applies.

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437-004-9860 (3)

(3) If employees are engaged in the laboratory use of hazardous chemicals, as defined in

this rule, then Division 2/Z, 1910.1450, Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals

in Laboratories, applies to these activities.

Statutory Authority: ORS 654.025(2) and 656.726(4).

Statutes Implemented: ORS 654.001 through 654.295.

History: Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-1998, filed 8/28/98, effective 10/1/98.

Oregon OSHA Administrative Order 4-2012, filed 9/19/12, effective 1/1/1

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List of Tables for Division 2, Subdivision Z

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List of Tables for Division 2, Subdivision Z

List of Tables for Division 4, Subdivision Z

Example from Oregon Table Z-2 .............................................................................................. 6

Oregon Table Z-1 – Adopted Values (In Alphabetic Order) ..................................................... 8

Oregon Table Z-2 – Adopted Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) .......................................... 28

Oregon Table Z-3 – Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL-TWA) for MINERAL DUSTS ........... 30

Table 1: Air Quality Index (AQI) Values and Equivalent Concentrations for PM2.5, and 5-3-1

Visibility Index Values ............................................................................................... 55

Table 2: Protection from Wildfire Smoke Standard Requirements by AQI Value ................... 55

Table 1 - General Classification of Hazards of Materials Transported in Pipes With Suggested

Labeling Colors ......................................................................................................... 75

Table 2 – Types and Styles of Letters .................................................................................... 75

Agriculture

Oregon Occupational Safety and Health Division Oregon Administrative Rules AO 2-2023 Division 4

Historical Notes

Div. 4

Historical Notes

Historical Notes for Division 4

Note 1: The OR-OSHA Advisory Committee of Small Agricultural Employers provided the

philosophical and structural guidance for this standard, Division 4, Agriculture. Most farmers,

ranchers and growers were committed to have only one book of OR-OSHA standards. We began this

process committed to not enacting any new standards. However, the agricultural community soon

realized the need for some new standards. We emphasize that most of the new standards do not

represent new requirements for employers. In most cases the new standard merely consolidates and

clarifies what was done previously from a variety of sources. Some examples are forklift driver

training, storage of chemicals and pay for personal protective equipment. This standard is written in

plain English and is formatted for easy reading.